JP2008086078A - Electric car controller - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric car controller reduced in size and weight as compared with a conventional one. <P>SOLUTION: This electric car controller is provided with a pantograph; a chopper module which is connected via a breaker and converts a voltage; a reactor connected to this chopper module; an inverter circuit which is connected to this reactor, receives electric power after the voltage conversion by the chopper module, and converts it into AC power of a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency; and a permanent magnet synchronous motor which is connected to this inverter circuit and driven by the AC power converted by the inverter circuit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle control device.

  In a conventional electric vehicle control apparatus, overhead power supplied via a pantograph is converted from DC power to AC power by a VVVF inverter, and an induction motor connected to the inverter is driven by the AC power converted by the inverter. It was.

A configuration of a conventional electric vehicle control device will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a conventional electric vehicle control device. FIG. 13 (a) is a perspective view showing a state in which the power conversion device 7A is mounted under the floor of a railway vehicle in a conventional electric vehicle control device, and FIG. 13 (b) is a side view seen from the traveling direction of the vehicle. FIG. 14 (a) is a plan view of the power conversion device 7A viewed from the direction of attachment to the bottom surface of the vehicle, and FIG. 14 (b) is a bottom view thereof.

The conventional electric vehicle control device includes a pantograph 1, a contactor 2, a reactor 3, a power conversion device 7 a composed of four groups of inverter circuits 4, and an induction motor 6 connected to each group of inverter circuits. It was.

The power conversion device 7A occupying most of the electric vehicle control device configured as described above will be described. The power converter 7a includes four coolers 9 that cool a semiconductor element 8 (for example, a collective term for a IGBT in which a snubber diode is connected in parallel). A single cooler 9 collectively stores a group of semiconductor elements 8 of the VVVF inverter circuit, and a filter capacitor 5 is stored in one box.

In addition, although one group of VVVF inverter circuits is a three-phase inverter circuit of U, V, and W, depending on the case, one phase of each of the four groups of VVVF inverter circuits is attached to one cooler 9, Three of these may be arranged side by side. This is because, if the semiconductor elements 8 for each phase constituting the VVVF inverter circuit of each group are collectively arranged, the peripheral components can be easily arranged and electrically connected, and the power converter 7A is functionally divided. As a result, a unit configuration for each function is possible, and thus the cooler 9 is also formed by such a group of conversion circuits.

The cooler 9 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 is equipped with a cooler composed of a heat receiving part to which the semiconductor element 8 is attached and a heat radiating part that dissipates heat to the outside air. It is placed in the sealed chamber part, and the heat radiating part is placed in the open chamber part communicating with the outside air. The open room where the heat dissipating part is placed protrudes slightly from the housing of the power conversion device 7a and is easy to dissipate heat to the outside air. Further, it is easy to receive traveling wind that flows relatively on the outer surface of the device during vehicle traveling. It is configured.

The electric vehicle control device configured as described above uses the heat loss generated from the semiconductor element 8 during the operation of the power conversion device 7A that converts the overhead power supplied via the pantograph, in the cooler 9 of the power conversion device 7a. Since it is dissipated to the outside air by a cooler attached to the semiconductor device 8, it can be used at a temperature lower than the allowable temperature of the semiconductor element 8.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-262583

  However, the above-described conventional electric vehicle control device has a large external size of the power conversion device, and further reduction in size and weight has been demanded. Therefore, in order to further reduce the size and weight of the above-described conventional electric vehicle control device, a method of mounting the two groups of inverter circuits in the same cooler to reduce the size and weight is considered. Compared to the vehicle control device, the system can be reduced in size and weight (see Patent Document 1).

  However, further reduction in size and weight is also demanded for the electric vehicle control device described in Patent Document 1.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle control device that can be made smaller and lighter than a conventional electric vehicle control device.

The above-described problems are received through a pantograph, a chopper module that is connected via a circuit breaker and converts a voltage, a reactor that is connected to the chopper module, and an electric power that is connected to the reactor and voltage-converted by the chopper module. This can be achieved by an inverter circuit that converts AC power having a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor that is connected to the inverter circuit and is driven by AC power converted by the inverter circuit.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle control device that can be smaller and lighter than conventional electric vehicle control devices.

(First embodiment)
An electric vehicle control apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an electric vehicle control apparatus according to a first embodiment based on the present invention.

  The electric vehicle control apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention is connected to the pantograph 11, the circuit breaker 12 connected to the pantograph 11, the contactor 13 connected to the circuit breaker 12, and the circuit breaker 12. The charging resistor 14 provided in parallel with the contactor 13, the contactor 15 connected to the contactor 13, the reactor 16 connected to the contactor 15, and the chopper connected to the reactor 16 and capable of converting a DC voltage. A first group of inverter circuits 20 a connected to the module 18, a capacitor 17 provided between the DC power input terminals of the chopper module 18, a reactor provided on the output side of the chopper module 18, and a reactor 19. A second group of inverter circuits 20b connected to the reactor 19, a first group and a second group of inverter circuits 20a, and an inverter Capacitors 21a and 21b provided between DC power input terminals of the circuit 20b, a permanent magnet synchronous motor 22a connected to the AC output side of the inverter circuit 20a via a contactor, and an AC output side of the inverter circuit 20b And a permanent magnet type synchronous motor 22b connected through a contactor.

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus configured as described above, the overhead wire power of about 1500 V fed by the pantograph 1 is supplied to the chopper module 18 via the contactor 12, the contactors 13 and 15, and the reactor 16. The chopper module 18 converts the overhead power of 1500V into a voltage of 750V to 850V and outputs it. The electric power transformed by the chopper module 18 is smoothed by the reactor 19 and supplied to the inverter 20a and the inverter 20b. The inverter 20a and the inverter 20b convert the supplied DC power into AC power and supply it to the permanent magnet synchronous motors 22a and 22b.

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus configured as described above, the chopper module 18, the inverter circuit 20a, and the inverter circuit 20b are accommodated in the same cooler 9. With reference to FIG.2 and FIG.3, arrangement | positioning in a power converter device is demonstrated. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the cooler of the power conversion device according to the first embodiment. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2, the upper side is defined as the front surface in the drawing, and the lower surface is defined as the back surface in the drawing.

  The U-phase semiconductor element 20au of the inverter circuit 20a is attached to the surface of the heat receiving part 31a, and the U-phase semiconductor element 20bu of the inverter circuit 20b is attached to the back surface of the heat receiving part 31a. One end of the heat pipe 33a enclosing the cooling liquid is embedded in the heat receiving portion 31a, and a plurality of radiating fins 34a are attached to the other end side (cooler 9 side) of the heat pipe 33a.

  The v-phase semiconductor element 20av of the inverter circuit 20a is attached to the surface of the heat receiving portion 31b, and the v-phase semiconductor element 20bv of the inverter circuit 20b is attached to the back surface of the heat receiving portion 31b. One end of the heat pipe 33b enclosing the cooling liquid is embedded in the heat receiving portion 31b, and a plurality of radiating fins 34b are attached to the other end side (cooler 9 side) of the heat pipe 33b.

  The w-phase semiconductor element 20aw of the inverter circuit 20a is attached to the surface of the heat receiving part 31c, and the w-phase semiconductor element 20bw of the inverter circuit 20b is attached to the back surface of the heat receiving part 31c. One end of the heat pipe 33c enclosing the cooling liquid is embedded in the heat receiving portion 31c, and a plurality of radiating fins 34c are attached to the other end side (cooler 9 side) of the heat pipe 33c.

  The chopper module 18 is attached to the back surface of the heat receiving portion 31d so as not to be damaged even when the W-phase semiconductor element of the inverter circuit 20b is damaged. One end of the heat pipe 33d enclosing the cooling liquid is embedded in the heat receiving portion 31d, and a plurality of radiating fins 34d are attached to the other end side (cooler 9 side) of the heat pipe 33d.

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus configured as described above, the chopper module 18 has a small loss when the electric vehicle is traveling at a low speed and a high loss when the electric vehicle is at a high speed. In contrast, the inverter circuit 20a and the inverter circuit 20b have a high loss when the electric vehicle is low speed, but have a low loss when the electric vehicle is high speed. Since the chopper module 18 and the inverter circuits 20a and 20b have different loss peaks, the size of the cooler can be reduced compared to the case where the chopper module and the inverter circuit are placed in separate coolers, and the size and weight are reduced. Is possible.

  In the electric vehicle control device configured as described above, a power converter device can be configured by a low-breakdown-voltage semiconductor element such as 750 V, for example, by lowering the overhead line voltage by the chopper module 18a. It is not necessary to use a high voltage element of 1500V like the power converter of the vehicle control device.

In the electric vehicle control apparatus of the present embodiment, a chopper module is added, and an inverter circuit can be configured by a low withstand voltage element such as 750 V. Therefore, power using an inverter circuit using a conventional high withstand voltage element of 1500 V is available. The cooler can be made smaller than the conversion device. The addition of the chopper module 18 causes a loss in the chopper module 18, but the loss in the inverter circuit 18a and the inverter circuit 18b is reduced. Therefore, when viewed as an electric vehicle control device (the entire system), the loss is reduced. Can be reduced in size and weight.

Further, if the chopper module is lost from the electric vehicle control device of the present embodiment, it can be used as a railway vehicle system of 750V to 800V overhead line, and there is also an advantage that the device can be shared.

(Second Embodiment)
An electric vehicle control apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an electric vehicle control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram relating to the arrangement of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is an external view of the power converter. In addition, about the thing which has the same structure as what was described in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 3, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the electric vehicle control apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, two sets of chopper modules 18 a and 18 b are connected to the contactor 13 via the contactor 15 and the reactor 16. The chopper module 18a is connected to an inverter circuit 20a and an inverter circuit 20b via a reactor 19, and the chopper module 18b is connected to an inverter circuit 20c via a reactor 19.

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus of the present embodiment, the chopper module 18a, the inverter circuit 18a and the inverter circuit 18b connected to the chopper module 18a are placed in one cooler 9a, and the chopper module 18b, the inverter circuit 18c, and the inverter circuit 18d are connected. It is characterized by being put in a different cooler 19b.

  In the electric vehicle control device configured as described above, like the electric vehicle control device of the first embodiment, the chopper module 18 has little loss when the electric vehicle is traveling at a low speed, and the electric vehicle has a high speed. If the loss is high. In contrast, the inverter circuit 20a and the inverter circuit 20b have a high loss when the electric vehicle is low speed, but have a low loss when the electric vehicle is high speed. Since the chopper module 18 and the inverter circuits 20a and 20b have different loss peaks, the size of the cooler can be reduced compared to the case where the chopper module and the inverter circuit are placed in separate coolers, and the size and weight are reduced. Is possible.

  Also in the electric vehicle control device configured in this way, by reducing the overhead line voltage by the chopper module 18a, it is possible to configure a power conversion device with a low breakdown voltage semiconductor element such as 750 V, for example, so that the loss is reduced. It is not necessary to use a 1500V high withstand voltage element like the power converter of the conventional electric vehicle control apparatus.

Also, in the electric vehicle control device of the present embodiment, a chopper module is added and an inverter circuit can be configured by a low voltage element such as 750 V. Therefore, an inverter circuit using a conventional high voltage element of 1500 V is provided. The cooler can be made smaller than the power converter used. The addition of the chopper module 18 causes a loss in the chopper module 18, but the loss in the inverter circuit 18a and the inverter circuit 18b is reduced. Therefore, when viewed as an electric vehicle control device (the entire system), the loss is reduced. Can be reduced in size and weight.

Similarly, the electric vehicle control apparatus according to the present embodiment can also be used as a railway vehicle system with 750V to 800V overhead lines if the chopper module is lost.

(Third embodiment)
An electric vehicle control apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is an external view of a power conversion device in the electric vehicle control device of the second embodiment based on the present invention. In addition, about the thing which has the same structure as what was described in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 6, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

The electric vehicle control apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as that shown in FIG. 4 except that the inverter circuits 20a and 20b are provided in the cooler 9c, and the two chopper modules 18a and 18b are provided as one cooler. The inverter circuits 20c and 20d are provided in the cooler 9f.
It differs from the electric vehicle control apparatus of 2nd Embodiment by the point provided in.

In the electric vehicle control device according to the present embodiment, in addition to being able to be smaller and lighter than the conventional electric vehicle control device, the cooler 9d provided with the chopper module 18 includes the coolers 9c and 9f for the inverter circuit. It is provided between the chopper module 18 and the inverter circuit 20.
Since the peak of heat generation is different from that of the heat generator, it is difficult for the cooler 9d to cause a thermal tilt on the cooler 9c and the cooler 9e. In addition, since the cooler 9d equipped with the chopper module 18 is installed in the middle, the chopper module does not depend on the cooling performance depending on the traveling direction of the electric vehicle, and always ensures a substantially constant cooling performance. I can do it.

  In addition, as a modification of the circuit configuration of the electric vehicle control device shown in FIG. 4, the ones shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are conceivable.

  The electric vehicle control device shown in FIG. 8 differs from the electric vehicle control device shown in FIG. 4 in that the contactor 15 and the reactor 16 are shared. By adopting the configuration shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to further reduce the size and weight.

  The electric vehicle control device shown in FIG. 9 is different from the electric vehicle control device shown in FIG. 8 in that the output sides of the chopper modules 18a and 18b are connected and then connected to four inverter circuits. With this configuration, the capacitor 21 of the inverter circuit can be made smaller, so that it can be made smaller and lighter than the electric vehicle control device shown in FIG.

In the electric vehicle control device configured as described above, like the electric vehicle control device of the first embodiment, the chopper module 18 has little loss when the electric vehicle is traveling at a low speed, and the electric vehicle has a high speed. If the loss is high. In contrast, the inverter circuit 20a and the inverter circuit 20b have a high loss when the electric vehicle is low speed, but have a low loss when the electric vehicle is high speed. Since the chopper module 18 and the inverter circuits 20a and 20b have different loss peaks, the size of the cooler can be reduced compared to the case where the chopper module and the inverter circuit are placed in separate coolers, and the size and weight are reduced. Is possible.

  Also in the electric vehicle control device configured in this way, by reducing the overhead line voltage by the chopper module 18a, it is possible to configure a power conversion device with a low breakdown voltage semiconductor element such as 750 V, for example, so that the loss is reduced. It is not necessary to use a 1500V high withstand voltage element like the power converter of the conventional electric vehicle control apparatus.

Also, in the electric vehicle control device of the present embodiment, a chopper module is added and an inverter circuit can be configured by a low voltage element such as 750 V. Therefore, an inverter circuit using a conventional high voltage element of 1500 V is provided. The cooler can be made smaller than the power converter used. The addition of the chopper module 18 causes a loss in the chopper module 18, but the loss in the inverter circuit 18a and the inverter circuit 18b is reduced. Therefore, when viewed as an electric vehicle control device (the entire system), the loss is reduced. Can be reduced in size and weight.

Similarly, the electric vehicle control apparatus according to the present embodiment can also be used as a railway vehicle system with 750V to 800V overhead lines if the chopper module is lost.

(Fourth embodiment)
An electric vehicle control apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 10 is an external view of a power conversion device in the electric vehicle control device of the fourth embodiment based on the present invention. In addition, about the thing which has the same structure as what was described in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 9, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The electric vehicle control apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that four (group) inverter circuits are connected to one chopper module 18 and these are placed in the same cooler. .

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus of the present embodiment, the U-phase semiconductor elements of the four groups of inverter circuits are attached to the heat receiving part 31a, the V-layer semiconductor element is the heat receiving part 31b, the W-phase semiconductor element is 31c, and the chopper. The modules 18a and 18b are attached to the heat receiving part 31d.

  Since the electric vehicle control device configured as described above is configured to house the four groups of inverters and the two chopper modules in the same cooler, it is smaller than the electric vehicle control device of the second embodiment. It can be reduced in weight.

In the electric vehicle control device configured as described above, like the electric vehicle control device of the first embodiment, the chopper module 18 has little loss when the electric vehicle is traveling at a low speed, and the electric vehicle has a high speed. If the loss is high. In contrast, the inverter circuit 20a and the inverter circuit 20b have a high loss when the electric vehicle is low speed, but have a low loss when the electric vehicle is high speed. Since the chopper module 18 and the inverter circuits 20a and 20b have different loss peaks, the size of the cooler can be reduced compared to the case where the chopper module and the inverter circuit are placed in separate coolers, and the size and weight are reduced. Is possible.

  Also in the electric vehicle control device configured in this way, by reducing the overhead line voltage by the chopper module 18a, it is possible to configure a power conversion device with a low breakdown voltage semiconductor element such as 750 V, for example, so that the loss is reduced. It is not necessary to use a 1500V high withstand voltage element like the power converter of the conventional electric vehicle control apparatus.

Also, in the electric vehicle control device of the present embodiment, a chopper module is added and an inverter circuit can be configured by a low voltage element such as 750 V. Therefore, an inverter circuit using a conventional high voltage element of 1500 V is provided. The cooler can be made smaller than the power converter used. The addition of the chopper module 18 causes a loss in the chopper module 18, but the loss in the inverter circuit 18a and the inverter circuit 18b is reduced. Therefore, when viewed as an electric vehicle control device (the entire system), the loss is reduced. Can be reduced in size and weight.

Similarly, the electric vehicle control apparatus according to the present embodiment can also be used as a railway vehicle system with 750V to 800V overhead lines if the chopper module is lost.

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus according to the first to fourth embodiments, the same phase semiconductor element is attached to the heat receiving block to which the inverter circuit is connected. Since the electric vehicle is driven by the inverter circuit, even if the loss of each semiconductor element of the remaining inverter circuit increases, the cooling capacity of the entire cooling is not exceeded, so that the reliability of the apparatus can be ensured.

  In the electric vehicle control apparatus according to the first to fourth embodiments, the system configuration for the DC overhead line has been described. However, since the same configuration is possible for the AC overhead line, the present invention can be applied to an AC current. Applicable to direct current.

It is a block diagram of the electric vehicle control apparatus of 1st Embodiment based on this invention. It is a block diagram of the cooler of the power converter device of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a view as seen from an arrow A in FIG. 2. It is a block diagram of the electric vehicle control apparatus of 2nd Embodiment based on this invention. It is a block diagram regarding arrangement | positioning of the power converter device of 2nd Embodiment. It is an external view of a power converter device. It is an external view of the power converter device in the electric vehicle control apparatus of 2nd Embodiment based on this invention. It is a block diagram of the modification of the electric vehicle control apparatus of 2nd Embodiment based on this invention. It is a block diagram of the modification of the electric vehicle control apparatus of 2nd Embodiment based on this invention. It is an external view of the power converter device in the electric vehicle control apparatus of 4th Embodiment based on this invention. It is a block diagram regarding arrangement | positioning of the power converter device of 4th Embodiment based on this invention. It is a block diagram of the conventional electric vehicle control apparatus. (A) is a perspective view which shows the state which mounted | wore the floor of the railway vehicle with the power converter device 7A in the conventional electric vehicle control apparatus.

(B) is the side view seen from the advancing direction of the vehicle.
(A) is a top view of power converter 7A seen from the direction attached to the bottom of vehicles.

(B) is the bottom view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Pantograph 12 Circuit breaker 13 Contactor 14 Resistance 15 Contactor 16 Reactor 17 Capacitor 18 Chopper module 19 Reactor 20 Inverter circuit 21 Capacitor 22 Permanent magnet synchronous motor

Claims (7)

A pantograph, a chopper module that is connected via a circuit breaker and converts the voltage;
A reactor connected to this chopper module;
An inverter circuit connected to the reactor, receiving the electric power converted by the chopper module, and converting the electric power into a predetermined voltage and an AC power having a predetermined frequency;
An electric vehicle control device comprising a permanent magnet synchronous motor connected to the inverter circuit and driven by AC power converted by the inverter circuit. In the electric vehicle control device according to claim 1,
An electric vehicle control device, wherein one permanent magnet type synchronous motor is connected to the group of inverter circuits. In the electric vehicle control device according to claim 1,
Two chopper modules are connected to the two groups of inverter circuits,
The electric vehicle controller according to claim 1, wherein the one chopper module and the two groups of inverter circuits are housed in the same cooler. In the electric vehicle control device according to claim 1,
The power converted by the chopper module is connected to four groups of inverter circuits,
The electric vehicle control device, wherein the chopper module and the four groups of inverter circuits are housed in the same cooler. A pantograph, two chopper modules connected via a circuit breaker and converting voltage,
A plurality of groups of inverter circuits that are connected to the chopper module, receive the power converted by the chopper module, and convert it into alternating current power having a predetermined voltage and a predetermined frequency;
An electric vehicle control apparatus comprising: a plurality of permanent magnet synchronous motors connected to each of the plurality of inverter circuits, each driven by AC power converted by the inverter circuit. In the electric vehicle control device according to claim 5,
The two chopper modules are housed in the same cooler,
The electric vehicle control device, wherein the plurality of groups of inverter circuits are housed in a cooler different from the cooler in which the chopper module is housed. In the electric vehicle control device according to claim 5,
The two chopper modules and the plurality of groups of inverter circuits are housed in the same cooler.

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