JP2008031080A - Lipid utilization-promoting composition - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lipid utilization-promoting composition promoting the lipid utilization in a body, and using a safe and easily available component as an active ingredient. <P>SOLUTION: This lipid utilization-promoting composition contains theanine as an active ingredient. A food or beverage taken for reducing the fatigue of the body obtained by adding the lipid utilization-promoting composition to the raw materials of the food or beverage, and the food or beverage taken for improving endurance power are also provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a lipid utilization promoting composition, food and drink for ingestion for reducing physical fatigue or improving endurance.

There are two types of fatigue: physical fatigue and mental fatigue. In general, physical fatigue means fatigue and accumulation due to physical activity, and exhaustion of energy. It is said to mean fatigue due to nerve activity.
Since physical fatigue and mental fatigue often coexist, it is often impossible to determine which type of fatigue is due to symptoms, but the mechanisms that cause fatigue, symptoms, and mechanisms for reducing fatigue are different and distinct. Is to be done. For example, body fatigue is sleepy, dull, etc., rather than being stupid, but in mental fatigue, the nerves are more excited and irritated and more likely to get angry. It becomes the state.

  Such fatigue functions as an alarm for protecting the body and mind from excessive abuse, and is an in-vivo mechanism indispensable for living body maintenance. In particular, physical fatigue functions as a biological defense system necessary to prevent chronic fatigue and overwork death. In other words, when the brain senses that the body is impossible, the information is transmitted to the brainstem choroid, the hypothalamus, which is the center of the autonomic nervous system, and instincts and emotions such as appetite and libido. It is transmitted to the limbic system that controls the body, and further transmitted to the cerebral cortex that controls the movement and the five senses, where information is analyzed and judged, and the instructions are transmitted from the central nervous system to the autonomic nervous system, immune system, and endocrine system. Will bring about change. For example, when a muscle is abused in sports, the information is transmitted from the muscle to the brain, and is transmitted again to the muscle as a command, causing muscle pain or the like in the limb as an alarm.

  If the body fatigue is moderate, it can be recovered by resting or sleeping. It may be necessary to reduce fatigue. In addition, rest and sleep become more effective by eliminating or reducing unpleasant sensations such as fatigue associated with physical fatigue. Furthermore, if physical fatigue can be recovered in a shorter time, the next activity can be performed efficiently without feeling tired. Thus, although body fatigue is indispensable as a living body defense system, it is effective to recover fatigue efficiently and easily.

Conventionally, as drugs or foods and drinks for reducing such physical fatigue, those that supply nutrients serving as energy sources (for example, see Patent Document 1) and those that mask fatigue due to excitement effects (for example, Patent Documents) 2) was known.
However, in either case, physical fatigue is not directly reduced, and in the former case, there is a risk of excessive intake of calories. In the latter case, there is a problem that if the masking effect is cut off, the tiredness is further increased.

  Incidentally, as will be described later, the present invention uses theanine as an active ingredient. Conventionally, theanine has a relaxing effect (for example, Patent Document 3) and a mental fatigue recovery effect (for example, Patent Document 4). Although it was known, it was not known to have a body fatigue reducing effect or an endurance improving effect.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-097161 JP 09-059161 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-370979 JP 2005-187344 A

  Lipids are nutrients that produce energy in each cell. Normally, lipids stored as neutral fat in fat cells are broken down into free fatty acids, taken into mitochondria in each cell via the bloodstream, where they are converted to ATP (adenosine triphosphate), For example, it is used as energy to move muscles or to maintain body temperature. Therefore, body fatigue can be directly reduced by promoting utilization of lipids in the body.

  Therefore, the present invention is intended to provide a lipid utilization-promoting composition that can promote the utilization of lipids in the body, and that contains safe and easily available components as active ingredients.

  The present invention provides a lipid utilization promoting composition comprising theanine as an active ingredient, and is obtained by adding this lipid utilization promoting composition to a food or drink material, which is consumed for reducing body fatigue. In addition, food and drink to be taken for improving endurance is provided.

  In the present invention, “facilitation of lipid utilization” means promotion of utilization of neutral fat in the body, particularly in fat cells, in other words, promotion of neutral fat decomposition to increase the amount of free fatty acids in the blood, and cells as an energy source. It means to increase the amount of free fatty acid supplied to.

By taking theanine, it is possible to promote the use of lipids by promoting the degradation of neutral fat and increasing the amount of free fatty acids in the blood. Therefore, by ingesting the lipid utilization promoting composition of the present invention, it is possible to promote the utilization of lipids, to supply a cell with an immediate energy source, to reduce body fatigue, and to improve endurance Improvements can be made. Moreover, theanine is a substance whose safety is already known, and is easily available.
In addition, the present inventor may have particularly excellent effects when the oral dose of theanine is 0.1 mg / kg to 100 mg / kg and is in the range of 6 mg to 6000 mg in terms of human (in the case of 60 kg). I found it.

In this section, as an embodiment of the present invention, a composition for reducing physical fatigue, food and drink for ingestion for reducing physical fatigue (hereinafter referred to as “food for reducing physical fatigue”), and ingestion for improving endurance Eating and drinking (hereinafter referred to as “endurance improving food”) will be described.
In addition, in the following description, when “X to Y” (X and Y are arbitrary numbers) is described, unless otherwise specified, “X or more and Y or less” is intended, and “greater than X and smaller than Y” Is also included.

  The lipid utilization promoting composition of the present invention can be prepared by blending theanine as an active ingredient.

Theanine is a derivative of glutamic acid contained in green tea and the like, and as an active ingredient of the present invention, for example, L-glutamic acid-γ-ethylamide (L-theanine), L-glutamic acid-γ-methylamide, D-glutamic acid-γ-ethylamide (D-theanine), L- or D-glutamic acid-γ-alkylamide, such as D-glutamic acid-γ-methylamide, derivatives containing L- or D-glutamic acid-γ-alkylamide in the basic structure (for example, L- or D -Glutamic acid-γ-alkylamide glycosides, etc.) can be used, for example, a single compound selected from the group consisting of two or more compounds. Among these, L-theanine is not only obtainable from natural products, but is also recognized as a food additive, and is particularly preferable from the viewpoints of availability and safety.

  Theanine can be produced by various known methods. For example, it can be biosynthesized by culturing methods such as plants or microorganisms, extracted from tea leaves, fermented or chemically synthesized. Specifically, JP-A-05-068578 (paragraphs [0006]-[0021]), JP-A-5-328986 (paragraphs [0008]-[0027]), JP-A-09-263573 (paragraphs [0009]-[0029] ], JP-A-11-225789 (paragraphs [0007]-[0021]), JP-A-2000-26383 (paragraphs [0006]-[0020]), JP-A-2001-278848 (paragraphs [0011]-[0021]) JP 2003-267867 (paragraphs [0005]-[0017]), JP 2004-010545 (paragraphs [0006]-[0036]), JP 2006-083155 (paragraphs [0009]-[0021]), etc. It can be obtained by the described production method. However, it is not necessarily limited to these manufacturing methods. Moreover, the obtained theanine may be used as it is or may be used after purification, or both may be used in combination.

In the present invention, theanine can be used alone as an active ingredient of the lipid utilization promoting composition, but it can also be mixed with other ingredients already known to promote lipid utilization and used as the active ingredient.
When used alone, for example, theanine can be prepared by dissolving it in purified water or physiological saline in the form of a purified product, a crude product, or a tea extract.

  The lipid utilization promoting composition of the present invention can be provided as a pharmaceutical and a quasi drug.

As its form, it can be dried by freeze-drying or spray-drying, etc. and provided as a dry powder, liquid, tablet, powder, granule, dragee, capsule, suspension, emulsion, ampoule, injection, other arbitrary It can also be prepared and provided in a form.
In the case of providing as a pharmaceutical product, for example, the active ingredient can be prepared by dissolving it in purified water or physiological saline as it is.
When provided as a quasi-drug, it is preferably provided in a form that is as easy to ingest as possible, such as a drinking form such as a container-packed drink, or a form such as a tablet, capsule, or granule.

In addition, the lipid utilization promoting composition of the present invention can be added to a food or drink material to obtain a food or drink for ingestion for promoting lipid utilization, or a food or drink for ingestion to reduce body fatigue, or It is also possible to produce food and drink for ingestion to improve endurance.
Food and drink means drinks and food.

Such foods and drinks can be provided as health foods, health drinks, foods for specified health use, and functional foods. In that case, it can prepare by adding the lipid utilization promotion composition of this invention to the food material normally mix | blended in manufacturing each food / beverage.
For example, the active ingredient of the present invention can be applied to various food materials (including fruits and jelly), milk ingredients, carbonic acid, excipients (including granulating agents), diluents, or sweeteners, flavors, flours, starches, In addition to one or more selected from various proteins such as sugars and fats, carbohydrate raw materials, vitamins, minerals, other physiologically active ingredients, hormones, nutritional ingredients, sports drinks, fruit drinks, tea drinks, Vegetable juice, dairy drinks, alcoholic drinks, jelly drinks, carbonated drinks and other drinks, jelly, chewing gum, chocolate, ice cream, candy, biscuits and other confectionery, snacks, bread, cakes and other starch-based processed foods, fish meat Kneaded products, livestock meat products, protein-based processed foods such as tofu and cheese, miso and soy sauce, seasonings such as dressings, and other supplements Cement, can be provided in the form of fodder, pet foods and various food.

The theanine content in the composition and food and drink is not particularly limited as long as the intended effect of the present invention is not impaired. For example, it is preferable to administer 0.1 mg to 100 mg of theanine per kg body weight of the administration subject. In particular, it is more preferable to administer 1 mg to 10 mg of theanine per kg body weight of the administration subject. In other words, it is preferable to adjust the amount of theanine in the composition and food and drink so that the amount of theanine can be ingested.
For example, taking as an indication that a human with a body weight of 60 kg ingests, the content is preferably adjusted to a theanine content of 6 mg to 6000 mg, and more preferably adjusted to a theanine content of 60 mg to 600 mg.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

(Example 1): Lipid utilization promotion test of theanine Male mice CDF1 (10 weeks old, 20 animals) were used in the experiment.
Theanine was prepared by dissolving L-theanine in pure water to prepare a theanine solution.

In the theanine administration group (10 animals), the mouse was spontaneously exercised for 180 minutes in a rotating basket and subjected to exercise load on the mouse, then rested for 5 minutes, and then 0.5 mg / kg of theanine was intraperitoneally administered, and 30 The patient was rested for 1 minute, and then spontaneously exercised again in a rotating basket for 180 minutes.
On the other hand, in the control administration group (10 animals), the mouse was exercised for 180 minutes in a rotating basket and subjected to exercise load on the mouse, then rested for 5 minutes and then intraperitoneally administered, rested for 30 minutes after administration, and then again Spontaneous movement was performed in a rotating basket for 180 minutes.
For each administration group, the first momentum (number of rotations) and the second momentum (number of rotations) were measured, and heart blood was collected immediately after each exercise to measure the blood free fatty acid concentration.
FIG. 1 shows the results of comparison between the control administration group (DW) and the theanine administration group (theanine) with respect to the relative momentum, and the control administration group (DW) and the theanine administration group (theanine) with respect to the blood fatty acid concentration. The results are shown in FIG.

(Experimental procedure)
1st exercise (rotary exercise 180 minutes) → intraperitoneal administration → break 30 minutes → 2nd exercise (rotary exercise 180 minutes)

(Results and discussion)
In the control administration group, the second exercise amount was suppressed to 20% or less, while in the theanine administration group, it was maintained at 50% or more. On the other hand, the free fatty acid in the blood was clearly higher in the theanine administration group, confirming that lipid utilization was promoted. From this, administration of theanine can promote the breakdown of neutral fat, increase the amount of free fatty acid in the blood, and increase the amount of free fatty acid in the blood supplied to cells as an energy source. It was found that lipid utilization can be promoted.

(Example 2): Body fatigue reduction / endurance improvement test of theanine Male mice CDF1 (6 weeks old, 4 mice) were used in the experiment.
Theanine was prepared by dissolving L-theanine in pure water to prepare a theanine solution having a theanine concentration of 0.05 mg / ml.

In the theanine administration group (4 animals), after spontaneously exercising for 180 minutes in a rotating basket and applying exercise load to the mice, the mice were rested for 5 minutes, and then theanine 0.5 mg / kg was orally administered, and 30 minutes after the administration. After resting, they were again voluntarily exercised in a rotating basket for 180 minutes.
On the other hand, in the control administration group (4 animals), after spontaneously exercising for 180 minutes in a rotating basket and applying exercise load to the mice, the mice were rested for 5 minutes and then orally administered with 10 ml / kg of pure water. The patient was rested for 1 minute, and then spontaneously exercised again in a rotating basket for 180 minutes.
For each administration group, the number of rotations of the rotating cage during the first exercise and the number of rotations of the second time were measured, and the number of rotations decreased (times) was determined. The results of comparison between the control administration group (water administration group) and the theanine administration group are shown in FIG.

(Experimental procedure)
1st exercise (rotation 180 minutes) → oral administration → break 30 minutes → 2nd exercise (rotation 180 minutes)

(result)
In the water-administered group, a decrease in rotation speed of 700 times or more was observed, but in the theanine-administered group, the second rotation speed was rather increased. From this, it was clarified that theanine improves endurance at the time of physical fatigue and exhibits an effect of reducing physical fatigue.

(Example 3): Test for confirming effective concentration of theanine Male mice CDF1 (7 weeks old, 7 mice) were used in the experiment.
Theanine was prepared by dissolving L-theanine in pure water to prepare theanine solutions having theanine concentrations of 0.02 mg / ml, 0.05 mg / ml, and 0.15 mg / ml.

After one week of preliminary breeding, a selection test was conducted. In this selection test, water was orally administered after a self-exercising exercise in a rotating basket for 180 minutes, an exercise load was applied, and resting for 5 minutes. After administration, the patient was rested for 30 minutes, and then spontaneously exercised again in a rotating basket for 180 minutes. The number of rotations of the rotating cage during the first movement and the number of rotations of the second time were measured.
As selection criteria, individuals with a difference obtained by subtracting the first momentum (rotation number) from the second momentum (number of rotations) from −300 times to 2000 times were selected.

In this test, selected individuals (28 animals) were subjected to the same protocol as the selection test except that theanine was orally administered instead of water. However, water was administered to the control group.
The doses of theanine were 0.2 mg / kg, 0.5 mg / kg, and 1.5 mg / kg at a common ratio of about 3.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the number of rotations decreased for each administration group, with the difference obtained by subtracting the first momentum (number of rotations) from the second amount of exercise (number of rotations) as the number of rotations decreased (number of times). It was shown to.

(Experimental procedure)
1st exercise (rotation 180 minutes) → oral administration → break 30 minutes → 2nd exercise (rotation 180 minutes)

(result)
In all theanine-administered groups, an effect of suppressing the decrease in rotation speed was observed. From this, it was clarified that administration of at least 0.2 mg / kg or more of theanine improves endurance during physical fatigue and reduces physical fatigue.

(Example 4): Endurance improvement test of theanine The endurance improvement effect of theanine was examined by a forced swimming test.

In the experiment, male mouse CDF1 (6 weeks old, 8 animals) was used.
Theanine was prepared by dissolving L-theanine in pure water to prepare theanine solutions having theanine concentrations of 0.02 mg / ml, 0.05 mg / ml, and 0.15 mg / ml.

  After two days of training, the selection test was conducted three times every other day. In the selection test, swimming was performed in a flowing water tank (flow rate 8 L / min, water temperature 34 ° C., average flow rate set to 23 to 24 cm / sec), and the limit swimming time was measured. At this time, it tested using the dummy mouse so that the mouse | mouth which was swimming always had six each in a flowing water tank. The selection criteria are S. D. Was within 14 minutes. For grouping, a continuous randomization method was used.

  In this test, each mouse was fasted overnight (about 15 hours) for selected individuals (8 animals in each group), then theanine or water was administered, and left still (water-free) for 60 minutes after administration. Thereafter, a test was performed using the same protocol as the selection test, and the swimming time was measured. The results are shown in FIG. The doses of theanine were 0.2 mg / kg, 0.5 mg / kg, and 1.5 mg / kg at a common ratio of about 3. Table 1 shows the initial values of each administration group.

(result)
In all theanine administration groups, the swimming time was prolonged. From this result, it was found that theanine improves endurance even when not fatigued. It was also found that the effect is exhibited at least at 0.2 mg / kg or more.

(Example 5): Body fatigue reducing action of theanine The body fatigue reducing action of theanine was examined by a fatigue load experiment by forced walking.

Male mice CDF1 (6 weeks old, 5 mice) were used for the experiment.
For theanine, L-theanine was dissolved in pure water to prepare theanine solutions having theanine concentrations of 0.05 mg / ml, 0.5 mg / ml, and 5.0 mg / ml, and used as samples.

After one week of training, a selection test was conducted. In the selection test, after 90 minutes of forced walking at a speed of 15 revolutions per minute (hereinafter referred to as 15 rpm), the spontaneous exercise amount for 90 minutes was measured. This selection test was performed twice per individual. The selection criteria shall satisfy the following conditions.
(1) The average of the two momentums is within the range of the overall average ± dispersion.
(2) The absolute value of the difference between the two momentums is smaller than the total variance.

In this test, the selected individuals (5 animals in each group) were used as subjects, forcibly orally administered theanine or water (5 mL / kg), immediately followed by forced walking at a speed of 15 rpm for 45 minutes, and again theanine or Water was administered by oral gavage (5 mL / kg), followed by a forced walking for 45 minutes at a speed of 15 rpm. After the forced walking, the spontaneous exercise amount for 90 minutes was measured. The outline of the experimental procedure is shown in FIG. 6, the initial values are shown in Table 2, the spontaneous exercise amount (times) for each administration group is shown in FIG. 7, and the spontaneous exercise amount for each administration group with respect to the theanine administration amount is shown in FIG. It was.
The theanine as the administration sample was 0.5 mg / kg, 5.0 mg / kg, 50 mg / kg at a common ratio of 10.

(result)
Spontaneous exercise increased in all theanine administration groups. From this, it was clarified that the theanine dose is at least 50 mg / kg and is effective in reducing body fatigue. From this result, it was found that when the effective dose of theanine was calculated, it was 0.1 to 100 mg / kg, and 6 to 6000 mg (as 60 kg) in human conversion.

It is the graph which compared the control administration group (DW) and the theanine administration group (theanine) about the relative momentum in the lipid utilization promotion test (Example 1) of theanine. In the lipid utilization promotion test (Example 1) of theanine, it is the graph which compared the control administration group (DW) and theanine administration group (theanine) about blood fatty acid concentration. It is the graph which compared the control administration group (water administration group) and the theanine administration group about the reduction | decrease number of rotations (times) in the body fatigue reduction and endurance improvement test (Example 2) of theanine. In the effective concentration confirmation test (Example 3) of theanine, it is the graph which showed the reduction | decrease number (times) of the rotation speed for every administration group. In the theanine endurance improvement test (Example 4), it is the graph which showed swimming time (second) for every administration group. It is the figure which showed the outline | summary of the experimental procedure in the body fatigue reduction effect | action (Example 5) of theanine. In the physical fatigue reduction effect | action (Example 5) of theanine, it is the graph which showed the amount of spontaneous movement (times) for every administration group. In the body fatigue reduction effect | action (Example 5) of theanine, it is the graph which showed the spontaneous exercise amount for every administration group with respect to the theanine dosage.

Claims (5)

  A lipid utilization promoting composition comprising theanine as an active ingredient.   2. The lipid utilization promoting composition according to claim 1, wherein the theanine amount is 0.1 mg to 100 mg per kg body weight.   The lipid utilization promoting composition according to claim 1, comprising 6 mg to 6000 mg of theanine.   A food and drink for ingestion for reducing body fatigue, obtained by adding the lipid utilization promoting composition of any one of claims 1 to 3 to a food or drink material. Food / drink for ingestion for improving endurance obtained by adding the lipid utilization promoting composition according to claim 1 to a food / drink material.

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