JP2008016595A - Solar power generation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar power generation apparatus capable of achieving the improvement of power generating efficiency by reducing the temperature rise of a solar cell panel. <P>SOLUTION: The solar power generation apparatus 1 is equipped with a light permeable plate member 10, a reflection mirror 20 arranged so as to be opposed to the light permeable plate member 10 through an air layer 2 of a predetermined thickness, and a solar cell panel 30 arranged in the air layer 2 between the light permeable plate member 10 and the reflection mirror 20. The solar cell panel 30 is equipped with a laminated solar cell optically receivable at both surfaces. The reflection mirror 20 is equipped with a concave surface 21 for reflecting solar light (s) transmitted through the light permeable plate member 10, and arrived at the reflection mirror 20 toward the solar cell panel 30. An infrared ray absorbing sheet 22 is laid on the surface of the reflection mirror 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation apparatus that generates power by converting sunlight into electricity.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, solar power generation devices that generate electricity by converting sunlight into electricity have been used. Specific means for improving the power generation efficiency of the solar power generation device include (1) improvement of the material of the solar cell, (2) development of a multi-junction solar cell, and (3) development of sunlight condensing technology. These technologies are still under development.

  Regarding the material of the solar cell of (1), for example, by using a high-frequency plasma, an a-Si thin film is formed on a substrate such as glass, an appropriate dopant is selected, and a pin junction is obtained. Something that improves conversion efficiency has been developed.

  However, the theoretical energy exchange efficiency of solar cells is limited to 20 to 30%. This is because the spectrum of sunlight spreads from the ultraviolet to the infrared region, whereas each solar cell has band gap energy corresponding to its own forbidden bandwidth. And using this property, the energy corresponding to the difference between the photon energy of the sunlight and the band gap energy is converted into thermal energy.

  Therefore, in order to increase energy exchange efficiency, the multijunction multilayer solar cell (2) has been developed. This multi-junction multilayer solar cell is a very effective means for improving the energy exchange efficiency. Currently, Si-based thin films have been developed for thin film systems, and two-junction stacked solar cells have been developed for CIGS systems, and it is expected that energy exchange efficiency exceeding 20% will be obtained. In addition, in a III-V group compound semiconductor solar cell, a four-junction stacked solar cell is being developed with the aim of high energy exchange efficiency.

  However, although the energy exchange efficiency is enhanced by these multi-junction multilayer solar cells, the production cost of electricity as a solar power generation device is high, and a large amount of sunlight is supplied to the solar cell of (3). Development of collecting technology to collect has become important.

  This condensing technology has been developed separately from the development of solar cells, for example, by concentrating and separating sunlight by combining lenses, reflectors and thin films with special functions, etc. Some of them increased power generation efficiency.

  Patent Document 1 discloses an amorphous semiconductor solar cell in which a silicide-forming element layer having a thickness of 5 to 100 mm is provided between a semiconductor and at least one electrode to suppress thermal diffusion of the electrode metal into the semiconductor. A technology for improving power generation efficiency by receiving light from both front and back surfaces of a solar cell with a concentrating power generation device using a concave reflecting mirror after improving the heat resistance of the solar cell is disclosed. According to this technique, it is possible to generate power with a high concentration ratio by combining a transparent electrode type solar cell capable of receiving light on both the front and back sides with a condensing technique using a reflecting mirror.

  By the way, the power generation output of the solar cell has temperature dependency, and in the Si solar cell, the power generation output decreases at a rate of 0.5 W / ° C. as the temperature of the solar cell increases. Therefore, as in Patent Document 2, a technique for cooling a solar cell has been developed.

  In Patent Document 2, the first solar cell is attached to the upper part of the heat transfer tube with the light receiving surface facing upward, and the second solar cell is attached to the lower part of the heat transfer tube with the light receiving surface facing downward. A solar energy collecting device is disclosed in which a reflecting mirror is provided that is housed in a translucent glass tube and that reflects sunlight toward the second solar cell at a lower portion of the translucent glass tube. Yes. According to this technique, the solar cell can be cooled and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

Furthermore, Patent Documents 3 and 4 have descriptions about double-sided power generation type solar cells. According to this double-sided power generation type solar cell, the power generation output per cell increases, and the number of cells can be reduced.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-17479 JP-A-3-263549 JP 2002-111034 A JP 2002-111035 A

  By the way, further improvement in power generation efficiency is desired from the viewpoint of energy saving in recent years. Therefore, in the conventional solar power generation device, various ideas have been made to improve the power generation efficiency. However, in the conventional technology, even if the solar cell is cooled as in Patent Document 2, it is difficult to avoid a temperature increase due to the heat of sunlight because the solar cell receives sunlight and generates power. It was.

  Then, this inventor paid attention to absorbing the infrared rays from sunlight, and reducing the temperature rise of a solar cell. The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problem, and provides a solar power generation device that can achieve further improvement in power generation efficiency by reducing the temperature rise of the solar cell panel. The task is to do.

  The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-described problems includes a light-transmitting plate, a reflecting mirror disposed opposite to the light-transmitting plate with an air layer having a predetermined thickness, and the light-transmitting plate. And a solar battery panel disposed in an air layer between the reflectors, the solar battery panel is configured to include a stacked solar cell capable of receiving light on both sides, and the reflector Is provided with a concave surface that reflects the sunlight transmitted through the light-transmitting plate material and reaching the reflecting mirror to the solar cell panel, and an infrared absorbing sheet is laid on the surface of the reflecting mirror. It is a solar power generation device.

  According to such a configuration, sunlight can be received on both sides of the solar cell panel, power generation efficiency can be improved, and the infrared absorbing sheet is laid on the reflecting mirror, so that sunlight is out of its spectrum. Since infrared rays are absorbed and visible rays and ultraviolet rays are reflected, heating by sunlight heat can be reduced while maintaining a sunlight component necessary for power generation. Therefore, the temperature rise of the solar cell panel can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency can be further improved. Moreover, since the reflecting mirror has a concave surface, the sunlight transmitted through the light-transmitting plate can be reflected toward the solar cell panel, and can be condensed efficiently.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the solar cell panel includes the laminated solar cell, a pair of light transmissive glasses that sandwich the laminated solar cell from both sides, the laminated solar cell, and the light transmissive glass. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, further comprising a frame member that covers and supports the outer peripheral edge portion.

  According to such a structure, it can fix firmly, without blocking the light-receiving surface of a solar cell panel.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the stacked solar cell is composed of a plurality of light transmissive solar cell layers having different band gap energies, and the plurality of light transmissive solar cell layers are on the reflector side. It is arrange | positioned so that band cap energy may become small as it goes to the said light transmissive board | plate material side from, It is a solar power generation device of Claim 1 or Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to such a configuration, the light reflected by the infrared absorbing sheet of the reflecting mirror can irradiate the light-transmitting solar cell layer having a large bandcap energy, while passing through the light-transmitting plate material and the solar cell. Sunlight that is directly received by the panel and that does not absorb infrared light can be applied to the light-transmitting solar cell layer with a small bandcap energy, so that efficient power generation can be performed and the power generation amount of the entire solar cell panel increases. .

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the solar cell panel is provided with a cover configured to contain an inorganic phosphor on the surface facing the reflecting mirror. It is a solar power generation device as described in any one.

  According to such a configuration, of the reflected light in which infrared rays are absorbed by the infrared absorbing sheet of the reflecting mirror, the light in the ultraviolet region is converted into light in the visible light region and irradiated to the solar cell panel by the inorganic phosphor. Therefore, efficient power generation can be performed, and the power generation amount of the entire solar cell panel increases.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the solar power generation device according to claim 4, wherein the base material of the cover is made of a thermal shock resistant glass.

  The reflected light reflected by the reflecting mirror is absorbed in infrared rays in a predetermined wavelength region by the infrared absorbing sheet, but the cover may be rapidly heated if the condensing ratio by the concave surface of the reflecting mirror is large. . However, according to such a structure, since the base material is made of the thermal shock resistant glass, the strength is strong and the cover can be prevented from being damaged.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the laminated solar cell and the light transmissive glass are fixed to the frame material via a composite material packing composed of a resin base material and an insulating powder having thermal conductivity. The solar power generation device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the solar power generation device is provided.

  According to such a configuration, the laminated solar cell and the light transmissive glass can be flexibly held, the damage can be prevented, and the heat generated in the laminated solar cell can be transmitted to the frame material. The temperature rise of the solar cell panel can be effectively prevented, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the solar power generation device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein a circulation path for circulating a refrigerant is provided in the frame material.

  According to such a configuration, since the heat transferred to the frame material can be removed by the refrigerant, the effect of preventing the temperature rise of the solar cell panel is increased, and the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the solar power generation device according to claim 7, wherein the circulation path is constituted by an extruded tube made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.

  According to such a configuration, since aluminum or aluminum alloy has good thermal conductivity, the heat transmitted to the frame material can be efficiently transmitted to the refrigerant, and the cooling efficiency can be improved.

  The invention according to claim 9 is the solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reflecting mirror is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

  According to such a configuration, the weight of the reflecting mirror can be reduced, and heat generated by infrared absorption by the infrared absorbing sheet can be efficiently transmitted to the surface of the reflecting mirror opposite to the infrared absorbing sheet. Thus, the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved.

  The invention according to claim 10 is the solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light-transmitting plate material is made of white plate glass.

  According to such a configuration, the white glass has a high transmittance for light in the near-ultraviolet (wavelength: 320 nm) to near-infrared (wavelength: 2.5 μm) region, so that the solar energy is converted into electric energy and thermal energy. As a result, it can be effectively converted and recovered.

  The invention according to claim 11 is the solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light-transmitting plate member is made of a light-transmitting resin. is there.

  According to such a configuration, the light transmissive plate material can be reduced in weight.

  The invention according to claim 12 is configured to allow ventilation between the light transmissive plate member and the reflecting mirror and to cool the solar cell panel as the air passage. It is a solar power generation device as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 11.

  According to such a configuration, both surfaces of the solar cell panel can be effectively cooled, and the infrared absorption panel laid on the reflecting mirror can be effectively cooled. Furthermore, if the air heated by cooling is supplied to a predetermined device, the recovered thermal energy can be reused.

  The invention according to claim 13 is the solar light according to claim 12, wherein a second ventilation path communicating with the ventilation path is formed on the side of the reflecting mirror opposite to the light-transmitting plate member. It is a power generation device.

  According to such a configuration, both sides of the solar cell panel can be effectively cooled, and both sides of the reflecting mirror can be effectively cooled. Furthermore, if the air heated by cooling is supplied to a predetermined device, the recovered thermal energy can be reused.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the infrared rays are absorbed from sunlight, The temperature rise of a solar cell panel can be reduced and the outstanding effect that the improvement of electric power generation efficiency can be achieved is exhibited.

[First embodiment]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A first best mode for carrying out a photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cutaway perspective view showing the best first mode for carrying out the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is the best first chart for implementing the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a solar cell panel of the best first mode for carrying out the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention.

  First, the structure of the solar power generation device according to this embodiment will be described.

  Such a solar power generation device has been devised in order to effectively use sunlight and contribute to energy saving, and is installed in a place where the sunlight is good.

  As shown in FIG. 1, such a solar power generation device 1 includes a light-transmitting plate member 10, a reflecting mirror 20 disposed opposite to the light-transmitting plate member 10 with an air layer 2 having a predetermined thickness, A solar cell panel 30 disposed at a predetermined height in the air layer 2 between the transmissive plate 10 and the reflecting mirror 20 is provided. In the present embodiment, the surface on the side where the sun is located will be described as the front surface, and the opposite surface will be described as the back surface. In the present invention, the solar cell panel 30 includes the laminated solar cell 31 capable of receiving light on both sides, and the reflecting mirror 20 reaches the reflecting mirror 20 through the light transmissive plate 10. The solar cell panel 30 is provided with a concave surface 21, and an infrared absorbing sheet 22 is laid on the surface of the reflecting mirror 20.

(Light transmissive plate)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the light transmissive plate 10 provided on the surface side close to the position of the sun has an area that can cover a plurality of solar cell panels 30. It is arranged on the front side. The light transmissive plate 10 has, for example, a rectangular shape, and its outer peripheral edge is fixed and supported by a frame 3 (see FIG. 2) combined in a rectangular shape. Note that the frame 3 is made of, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy, has weather resistance, and reduces the weight of the solar power generation device 1.

  The light transmissive plate 10 is made of a material that transmits at least part of sunlight. Examples of such a material include glass and resin. That is, the light transmissive plate 10 is made of a light transmissive glass plate or a light transmissive resin plate.

  The light transmissive resin plate is made of a material such as polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, or acrylic resin. Among these, a polycarbonate resin excellent in strength performance and weather resistance performance is preferable. The light-transmitting resin plate may be a reinforced resin having a plurality of layers by laminating a plurality of plate materials made of the above materials. In the case of the resin plate, it is the light absorption property of the polymer that greatly affects the light transmission performance. One of the absorption characteristics is “electron transition absorption” that occurs in the visible light / ultraviolet region. This electronic transition absorption is performed because the energy of light makes the electrons excited. Another absorption characteristic is “molecular vibrational absorption” that occurs in the infrared region. This molecular vibrational absorption is performed when light energy is converted into rotational and vibrational energy such as C—H bonds and O—H bonds. Fortunately, resin materials such as polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin, and acrylic resin are preferable because they transmit most of sunlight in the visible light region. Further, if a light transmissive resin plate is used, the light transmissive plate material 10 can be reduced in weight.

On the other hand, the light-transmitting glass plate is, for example, a powder mixture such as silica sand, soda ash, limestone, borax, and aluminum hydroxide is inserted into a gas furnace and melted at 1550 ° C., and this liquid glass is called a float bath. It is formed by flowing over tin melted in a long narrow passage and cooling. Since glass is mainly composed of quartz (SiO ₂ ), calcium oxide (CaO), and sodium oxide (Na ₂ O), the transmittance of sunlight is generally high. The glass plate can be tempered glass by rapidly cooling the surface. Moreover, it can also be set as a composite tempered glass board by putting a resin sheet between several glass plates and using it as a laminated glass.

  Because quartz glass, which is the main component of glass, is an insulator, the band cap energy between the valence band and the conduction band in the band theory is large, and the absorption edge of “electron transition absorption” is on the short wavelength side even in the ultraviolet region. Exists. Furthermore, quartz glass is amorphous and has no crystal grain boundaries, so there is little light scattering, and the absorption edge of “lattice vibration absorption” is on the long wavelength side of the infrared region. That is, quartz glass is an extremely valuable material that transmits most of sunlight. Fortunately, most glass materials transmit the majority of sunlight in the visible light region.

  In the present embodiment, the light transmissive plate material 10 is composed of white plate glass 11 which is a light transmissive glass plate. The white plate glass 11 is a crown glass having a particularly high transparency among the light transmissive glass plates, and is widely used for an outer plate glass of a solar cell. The white plate glass 11 has such a property that it has a high transmittance for light in a region from near ultraviolet (wavelength: 320 nm) to near infrared (wavelength: 2.5 μm).

(Solar panel)
The solar battery panel 30 is charged by emitting electrons by applying the sunlight s to a semiconductor, and taking out and collecting the electrons to the outside. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a solar cell panel 30 in the present embodiment includes a laminated solar cell 31, a pair of light-transmissive glasses 33 and 33 that sandwich the laminated solar cell 31 from both sides, and a laminated solar cell 31. And a frame member 34 that covers and supports the outer peripheral edges of the solar cell 31 and the light-transmitting glasses 33 and 33. The stacked solar cell 31 is composed of a plurality of light transmissive solar cell layers (a-Si solar cells 32a and a-SiGe solar cells 32b described later) having different band gap energies. The plurality of light transmissive solar cell layers are arranged such that the band cap energy decreases from the reflecting mirror 20 side toward the light transmissive plate material 10 side.

Examples of the semiconductor material used for the solar cell panel 30 include an a-SiC: H thin film, an a-Si: H thin film, and an a-SiGe: H thin film used for amorphous solar cells. Here, a method for manufacturing the a-Si: H thin film will be described. Using hydrogen (H ₂ ) and silane gas (SiH ₄ ) as raw materials, this gas is introduced into a plasma CVD apparatus and a high frequency voltage is applied. As a result, a gas in which silane gas and hydrogen are decomposed, so-called plasma, is generated between the electrodes. Chemical species in the plasma are deposited on the substrate to produce an amorphous silicon thin film. More specifically, an amorphous silicon p-type semiconductor layer, an i-type semiconductor layer, and an n-type semiconductor layer are sequentially formed on a glass substrate on which a transparent electrode is formed using SnO ₂ that is transparent and low resistance, by plasma CVD. Deposit. When diborane (B ₂ H ₆ ), phosphine (PH ₃ ), or the like is mixed with the raw material silane, boron (B) or phosphorus (P) can be doped into the thin film, and p-type and n-type, respectively. A-Si: H thin film is obtained. Finally, a second transparent electrode is formed of tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) that is transparent and has low resistance. In the production of the a-SiC: H thin film, methane (CH ₄ ) is further required as a raw material gas, and in the production of the a-SiGe: H thin film, germanium hydride (GeH ₄ ) is further required as a raw material gas. It becomes.

  In the present embodiment, the stacked solar cell 31 is a stacked amorphous solar cell 32. The laminated amorphous solar cell 32 is a laminate of different amorphous solar cell layers. By the way, a normal laminated amorphous solar cell has an a-SiC solar cell (Eg (band gap energy): 2.0 eV) in the first layer and an a-in the second layer from the surface receiving sunlight. A solar cell having a large band gap energy is arranged on the solar side, such as a Si solar cell (Eg: 1.7 eV) and an a-SiGe solar cell (Eg: 1.4 eV) in the third layer. Have been stacked. According to such a configuration, in sunlight, high energy photons are absorbed by a material having a large band gap and used for power generation, and remaining low energy photons are absorbed by a material having a small band gap for power generation. Can be used.

  However, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the stacked solar cell 31 (laminated amorphous solar cell 32) is light from the reflecting mirror 20 side, contrary to the normal configuration described above. An amorphous solar cell layer (light transmissive solar cell layer) is arranged so that the band cap energy becomes smaller toward the transmissive plate 10 side. That is, the stacked amorphous solar cell 32 is arranged such that the amorphous solar cell layer having a small band gap energy is on the front side (side where the sun is located). Specifically, the stacked solar cell 31 according to the present embodiment includes, for example, an a-Si solar cell 32a (Eg: 1.7 eV) and an a-SiGe solar cell 32b (Eg: 1.4 eV). An a-Si solar cell 32a having a large bandcap energy is arranged on the back side (the side opposite to the side where the sun is located), which is a tandem junction type, and on the front side. An a-SiGe solar cell 32b having a small size is disposed.

  The light transmissive glass 33 sandwiching the stacked solar cell 31 from the front side and the back side is made of a material equivalent to the light transmissive glass plate constituting the light transmissive plate material 10, and is, for example, a white plate glass 33a. It is configured. The light transmissive glass 33 can efficiently transmit light in a region from near ultraviolet (wavelength: 320 nm) to near infrared (wavelength: 2.5 μm).

  An adhesive layer 35 is formed between the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glasses 33 and 33, and the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glasses 33 and 33 are firmly fixed. . The adhesive layer 35 is made of, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

  In addition, as shown in (b) of FIG. 3, without forming an adhesive layer between the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass 33, 33, by sandwiching from above and below by the frame material 34, It may be fixed. According to such a configuration, the frame member 34 sandwiches the outer periphery of the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glasses 33 and 33, so that the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glasses 33 and 33 are formed. While being fixed reliably, since the adhesive layer is not provided, the loss by the permeation | transmission of the adhesive layer of sunlight can be eliminated.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the frame member 34 that fixes and supports the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glasses 33 and 33 is formed in a U-shaped cross section that opens toward the inside. Has been. The frame material 34 is made of metal, for example, aluminum or aluminum alloy. The frame member 34 is a U-shaped section that opens toward the inside, and sandwiches the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glasses 33 and 33 and fixes them so as to be sandwiched from both the front and back sides. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the frame members 34, 34... Of the solar cell panels 30, 30... Adjacent to each other in a certain direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 2) are connected to each other by a connecting rod 34 a. . Of the frame members 34, 34,... Connected to each other, the frame member 34 of the solar cell panel 30 at the end is connected to the inner side surface of the frame 3 of the solar power generation device 1 via a connecting rod 34a. Similarly to the frame member 34, the connecting rod 34a is also made of metal, and is made of, for example, aluminum or an aluminum alloy to reduce the weight of the solar power generation device 1.

(Reflector)
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reflecting mirror 20 is configured to have an area equivalent to that of the light transmissive plate member 10, and is provided below the light transmissive plate member 10. The concave surface 21 that reflects the sunlight s that has passed through the light transmissive plate 10 and reached the reflecting mirror 20 to the solar cell panel 30 is formed on the surface of the light transmissive plate 10. The concave surface 21 is provided at a position corresponding to the installation position of the solar cell panel 30, and has a predetermined radius of curvature so as to efficiently collect sunlight s on the light receiving surface on the back surface of the solar cell panel 30. The reflecting mirror 20 is formed so as to be recessed from the front surface side toward the back surface side. The reflecting mirror 20 of the present embodiment is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Specifically, the concave surface 21 is formed by pressing a plate material made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The surface roughness of the reflecting mirror 20 is reduced by polishing.

  An infrared absorption sheet 22 is laid on the surface of the reflecting mirror 20. The infrared absorbing sheet 22 has light transmission performance. After passing through the air layer 2, the sunlight s that has passed through the light transmissive plate 10 is transmitted through the infrared absorbing sheet 22, reflected by the surface of the reflecting mirror 20, and further transmitted through the infrared absorbing sheet 22. At this time, infrared rays are absorbed from sunlight s. In the present embodiment, the infrared absorption sheet 22 has an absorption light wavelength region (absorption edge) set to, for example, a wavelength of 1000 nm, and is configured to absorb light having a wavelength of 1000 nm or more.

  Known near-infrared absorbing light transmissive materials include complex cobalt complexes and thiol nickel complexes, and organic anthraquinone derivatives, diimonium salt compounds, naphthalocyanine compounds, and the like. In addition, examples of the metal having infrared absorption performance include metal oxides such as tin oxide, ATO (Antimony Tin Oxide), ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), and vanadium oxide. By fixing these infrared absorbing substances to a thermoplastic resin such as acrylic resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, vinyl resin, or ultraviolet curable resin such as acrylate, to form a film, An infrared absorbing sheet 22 is formed. The infrared absorbing sheet 22 is fixed to the surface of the reflecting mirror 20 with an adhesive (not shown).

  Next, the effect of the solar power generation device 1 by the said structure is demonstrated.

  According to the solar power generation device 1, the solar cell panel 30 including the stacked solar cell 31 capable of receiving light on both sides is disposed in the air layer 2 between the light transmissive plate 10 and the reflecting mirror 20. Sunlight s can be received on both sides of the solar cell panel 30, and the power generation efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since the reflecting mirror 20 is provided with the concave surface 21, the sunlight s which permeate | transmitted the light transmissive board | plate material 10 can be reflected toward the light-receiving surface of the back side of the solar cell panel 30, and it can condense efficiently. .

  And in this invention, the following big effects are obtained by laying the infrared rays absorption sheet 22 on the surface of the reflective mirror 20, especially. Hereinafter, the effect is demonstrated, explaining the state of sunlight s.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sunlight s first passes through the light transmissive plate 10. Here, since the light-transmitting plate 10 is composed of the white plate glass 11, most light in the ultraviolet region, visible light region, and infrared region of the spectrum of sunlight s passes through the light-transmitting plate 10. The solar light s can be directly irradiated to the light-receiving surface on the front side of the solar cell panel 30. Therefore, since the solar cell panel 30 can receive the sunlight s without reducing the component of the sunlight s necessary for power generation, the power generation amount does not decrease, and the solar cell panel 30 is exposed to wind and rain. Can be prevented.

  Furthermore, a part of the sunlight s that has passed through the light-transmitting plate 10 that has not been irradiated on the light-receiving surface on the front side of the solar cell panel 30 is irradiated on the reflecting mirror 20. Here, the sunlight s passes through the infrared absorbing sheet 22, is reflected by the reflecting mirror 20, and further passes through the infrared absorbing sheet 22. And infrared rays are absorbed from sunlight.

  At this time, a part of infrared rays (for example, light having a wavelength of 1000 nm or more) in the spectrum of sunlight s is absorbed by the infrared absorbing sheet 22, and visible light and ultraviolet rays are reflected by the reflecting mirror 20. On the surface of the reflecting mirror 20, free electrons and metal ions in the extreme surface layer part cause resonance vibration, and a part of the energy (75 to 90%) becomes reflected light. Here, the reflecting mirror 20 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the surface thereof has a reduced surface roughness by polishing, so that the reflectance of sunlight s can be increased, and the power generation efficiency is increased. Can be improved. On the other hand, since the infrared ray absorbing sheet 22 absorbs infrared rays, heating by the heat of sunlight s can be reduced while maintaining the sunlight component necessary for power generation. Therefore, the temperature rise of the solar cell panel 30 can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency can be further improved.

  Since the reflecting mirror 20 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the weight of the reflecting mirror 20 can be reduced, and heat generated by infrared absorption by the infrared absorbing sheet 22 is transferred to the back surface of the reflecting mirror 20 ( It can be efficiently transmitted to the surface opposite to the infrared absorbing sheet 22 to dissipate heat, and the infrared absorption efficiency does not decrease.

  The sunlight s reflected by the reflecting mirror 20 is applied to the back surface of the solar cell panel 30. Here, the stacked solar cell 31 is composed of a-Si solar cells 32a and a-SiGe solar cells 32b, which are a plurality of amorphous battery layers (light transmission solar cell layers) having different band gap energies. The plurality of amorphous solar cell layers are arranged so that the band cap energy decreases from the reflecting mirror 20 side toward the light transmissive plate member 10 side, so that efficient power generation can be performed. it can. That is, the reflected light of which infrared rays are absorbed by the infrared absorbing sheet 22 of the reflecting mirror 20 can irradiate the amorphous solar cell layer (a-Si solar cell 32a) having a large bandcap energy, while passing through the light-transmitting plate member 10. Then, the sunlight s that is directly received by the solar cell panel 30 and does not absorb infrared rays can be irradiated to the amorphous solar cell layer (a-SiGe solar cell 32b) having a small band cap energy. Therefore, efficient power generation can be performed, and the power generation amount of the entire solar cell panel increases. At this time, the visible light of the sunlight s reflected by the reflecting mirror 20 and the light in the near-ultraviolet wavelength region (wavelength: 300 to 700 nm) first have a large bandcap energy arranged on the back surface of the solar cell panel 30. It is converted into electric energy by the a-Si solar cell 32a. The visible-light long wavelength region and part of the near-infrared region (wavelength: 600 to 800 nm) transmitted through the a-Si solar cell 32a are converted into electrical energy by the a-SiGe solar cell 32b having a small bandcap energy. Is converted to

  Further, according to the present invention, the solar cell panel 30 includes the laminated solar cell 31, a pair of light transmissive glasses 33 sandwiching the laminated solar cell 31 from both sides, the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass. Since the frame material 34 is provided to cover and support the outer peripheral edge portion 33, the light receiving surface of the solar cell panel 30 can be firmly fixed without blocking.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second best mode for carrying out the solar power generation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a second best mode for carrying out the solar power generation apparatus according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing which showed this solar cell panel.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in the solar power generation device 1 according to the present embodiment, the solar cell panel 30 is configured to contain an inorganic phosphor on the back side (the surface side facing the reflecting mirror 20). A cover 36 is provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  The cover 36 is made of a base material such as a light transmissive glass plate or a light transmissive resin plate, and contains an inorganic phosphor. In the present embodiment, a thermal shock resistant glass excellent in impact resistance is adopted as the material of the base material among the light transmissive glass plates. The thermal shock resistant glass is preferably made of, for example, borosilicate glass.

Inorganic phosphors convert light in the ultraviolet region into light in the visible light region, and some emit light in white, blue, green, red, and the like. For example, as an inorganic phosphor that emits white light, calcium phosphate (3Ca ₃ (PO ₄ ) ₂ .Sb) and the like can be given. Inorganic phosphors can be used as mixed phosphors by mixing those emitting light of each color. The cover 36 is formed by mixing an appropriate amount of an inorganic phosphor with the raw material of the light-transmitting glass plate or the light-transmitting resin plate, followed by molding. Further, a cover 36 is formed by applying a mixture of an inorganic phosphor, an organic binder and a solvent to the surface of the light-transmitting glass plate and then heating to decompose and gasify only the organic binder and the solvent. Also good.

  The cover 36 has an outer peripheral shape equivalent to the outer peripheral surface of the frame member 34 of the solar cell panel 30 and is configured to cover the entire back surface of the solar cell panel 30. A bolt through hole 36 a is formed in the cover 36, and a bolt hole (not shown) is formed in the lower surface of the frame member 34. The cover 36 is fixed to the frame member 34 by inserting bolts 37 from the back side of the cover 36 and screwing them together. The fixing of the cover 36 is not limited to bolts, and the cover 36 may be fixed to the frame material 34 with a conductive adhesive. The conductive adhesive is obtained by kneading a highly conductive powder such as silver in a base resin adhesive. As the resin to be the adhesive, polyimide, cyanoacrylate, silicone, etc. are used mainly with epoxy resin. Since the conductive adhesive is designed to shrink in volume when it is cured, the kneaded metal powders come into contact with each other to produce conductivity. With such a configuration, the heat generated in the cover 36 can be efficiently transmitted to the frame member 34.

  In the present embodiment, the stacked solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass 33 are fixed to the frame material 34 via the composite material packing 38. The composite material packing 38 is configured by mixing a resin base material and an insulating powder having thermal conductivity. Specifically, the composite packing 38 is made of, for example, fine diamond particles having an average particle size of less than 0.1 μm, or insulator powder having excellent thermal conductivity such as aluminum nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, or a polymer such as silicone resin. It is configured to be dispersed in a binder base material.

  The composite material packing 38 is disposed along the inner surface of the concave portion of the frame material 34, and is configured to cover the outer peripheral edge portions of the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass 33. The composite material packing 38 is interposed between the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass 33 and the frame material 34 in a compressed state.

  An adhesive layer 35 is formed between the stacked solar cell 31 and the light-transmitting glass 33 on the front side (upward in the drawing in the drawing), and the stacked solar cell 31 and the light-transmitting glass 33 are formed. It is firmly fixed. The adhesive layer 35 is made of, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) similarly to the adhesive layer 35 in FIG. In the present embodiment, the stacked solar cell 31 and the light transmitting glass 33 on the front side are fixed by the adhesive layer 35. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the stacked solar cell 31 and the back side ( You may make it form the adhesive bond layer 35 between the transparent glass 33 of the paper surface downward direction in the figure.

  According to the solar power generation device 1 configured as described above, in the ultraviolet region of the sunlight s (reflected light) in which infrared rays are absorbed by the infrared phosphor sheet 22 of the reflecting mirror 20 by the inorganic phosphor of the cover 36. Light can be converted into light in the visible light region and irradiated to the solar cell panel. Therefore, efficient power generation can be performed, and the power generation amount of the solar cell panel 30 as a whole increases.

  The sunlight s reflected by the reflecting mirror 20 is absorbed by the infrared absorbing sheet 22 in the infrared of a predetermined wavelength region, but when the condensing ratio by the concave surface 21 of the reflecting mirror 20 is large, the cover is rapidly heated. May be. However, in the present embodiment, since the base material of the cover 36 is made of the thermal shock resistant glass, the strength is high and the cover 36 can be prevented from being damaged.

  Further, since the cover 36 is fixed to the frame material 34 via the bolts 37, the heat generated in the cover 36 can be transmitted to the frame material 34, and the temperature rise of the cover 36 can be suppressed.

  Moreover, since the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass 33 are fixed to the frame material 34 through the composite packing 38 having thermal conductivity, the laminated solar cell 31 and the light transmissive glass 33 are attached. It can be held flexibly and can be prevented from being damaged, and heat generated in the stacked solar cell 31 during power generation can be smoothly transferred to the frame member 34, effectively preventing a temperature rise of the solar cell panel 30. And power generation efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the electrical insulation between the frame member 34 and the stacked solar cell 31 can be ensured, the generated power can be reliably recovered without discharging the generated power.

[Third embodiment]
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a third best mode for carrying out the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a third best mode for carrying out the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a solar cell panel according to the third preferred embodiment for implementing the solar power generation apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sun according to the present invention. It is the top view which showed the solar cell panel of the best 3rd form for implementing a photovoltaic device.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the solar power generation device 1 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that a circulation path 39 for circulating the refrigerant 40 is provided in the frame material 34 of the solar cell panel 30. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  The circulation path 39 is constituted by an extruded tube 41 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. In the present embodiment, an Al—Mn 3003 alloy is employed as the extruded tube 41. This 3003 alloy is excellent in thermal conductivity and workability among aluminum alloys, and is preferable as a material of the extruded tube 41 constituting the circulation path 39. The extruded tube 41 is formed in a flat shape with a large cross-sectional shape and a high aspect ratio. The extruded tube 41 is bonded along the outer peripheral surface of the frame member 34 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). The extruded tube 41 comes into surface contact with the frame material 34 by bringing a flat portion of the flat shape into contact with the frame material 34. The extruded tube 41 serves as a connecting rod for connecting adjacent solar cell panels 30 to each other and connecting to the frame 3 (see FIG. 2) of the solar power generation device 1. A circulation device (not shown) such as a pump that circulates a refrigerant 40 made of liquid or gas is connected to the extrusion tube 41, and the refrigerant 40 is circulated in the extrusion tube 41.

  The extruded tube 41 is not limited to aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and may be another metal. However, in consideration of thermal conductivity and lightness, it is preferable to be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

  According to the solar power generation device 1 configured as described above, the heat transferred from the stacked solar cell 31 to the frame member 34 can be efficiently removed by the refrigerant 40. In particular, since the extruded tube 41 is provided over the entire outer periphery of the frame member 34, the cooling efficiency is high. Therefore, the effect of preventing the temperature rise of the solar cell panel is increased, and the power generation efficiency can be greatly improved. Furthermore, if heat is recovered from the refrigerant 40, the heat can be effectively used.

  Further, since the extruded tube 41 is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the heat conductivity is good, the heat transmitted to the frame material 34 can be efficiently transmitted to the refrigerant, and the cooling efficiency is improved. Can be increased. Furthermore, aluminum or aluminum alloy has high workability, and the circulation path 39 can be easily manufactured.

  Furthermore, since the extruded tube 41 is formed in a flat cross-sectional shape, the contact area with the frame material 34 is large and the thermal conductivity is good.

[Fourth embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth best mode for carrying out the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the solar power generation device 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to allow ventilation between the light transmissive plate member 10 and the reflecting mirror 20, and the solar cell panel as the air layer 2 as the ventilation path 5. 30 is configured to be cooled. Specifically, a ventilation opening 6 is formed in the frame 3 provided at the outer peripheral edge of the solar power generation device 1, and a fan 7 is provided in the ventilation opening 6. The fan 7 may be provided at least at either the upstream end or the downstream end of the ventilation path 5, and may be provided at both the upstream end and the downstream end of the ventilation path 5. The ventilation openings 6 formed in the frame 3 are arranged at positions corresponding to the extended lines of the arranged solar cell panels 30. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

  According to the solar power generation device 1 configured as described above, air can be circulated around the solar cell panel 30, both surfaces of the solar cell panel 30 can be effectively cooled, and the solar cell panel 30 is laid on the reflecting mirror 20. Cooling of the infrared absorbing sheet 22 can also be performed effectively. Furthermore, if the air heated by cooling is supplied to a predetermined device, it is possible to provide the hybrid solar power generation device 1 that can reuse the recovered thermal energy.

[Fifth embodiment]
FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the fifth best mode for carrying out the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the solar power generation device 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to allow ventilation between the light transmissive plate 10 and the reflecting mirror 20, and the solar cell panel as the air layer 2 as the ventilation path 5. 30 is cooled, and further, a second ventilation path 8 communicating with the ventilation path 5 is formed on the back side of the reflecting mirror 20 (the side opposite to the light-transmitting plate member 10).

  In the present embodiment, a plate material 9 is provided on the back side of the reflecting mirror 20 (the lower side in the drawing) with a predetermined distance from the reflecting mirror 20, and the plate material 9 is provided between the reflecting mirror 20 and the plate material 9. Two ventilation paths 8 are formed. The plate member 9 is provided to partition the second ventilation path 8 from the outside, and may be either light transmissive or non-light transmissive. The frame 3 provided at the outer peripheral edge of the solar power generation device 1 is configured to cover the outer peripheral edge of the reflecting mirror 20 and the plate 9 from the light transmissive plate 10. On the inner peripheral surface of the frame 3, locking grooves 3a, 3a, 3a are formed, into which the outer peripheral edge portions of the light transmissive plate material 10, the reflecting mirror 20, and the plate material 9 are inserted and supported.

  On one side (right side of the drawing in the drawing) of the frame 3, a ventilation opening 6 that opens to the ventilation path 5 and a ventilation opening 12 that opens to the second ventilation path 8 are formed. A plurality of ventilation openings 6 and ventilation openings 12 are formed, and are arranged at positions corresponding to the extended lines of the arranged solar cell panels 30. A fan 7 is provided at each of the ventilation openings 6 and 12. The fan 7 may be provided at either the ventilation port 6 or the ventilation port 12. The reflecting mirror 20 is formed with a communication port 13 that allows the ventilation path 5 and the second ventilation path 8 to communicate with each other. The communication port 13 is formed on the opposite side (the left side of the drawing in the drawing) to the side of the frame 3 where the ventilation ports 6 and 12 are provided (the right side of the drawing in the drawing). A plurality of communication ports 13 are formed, and are arranged at positions corresponding to the extended lines of the arranged solar cell panels 30. Note that the air flow direction may be a direction from the ventilation path 5 to the second ventilation path 8, or vice versa, a flow direction from the second ventilation path 8 to the ventilation path 5. .

  According to the solar power generation device 1 configured as described above, the fan 7 is operated as appropriate, and the air vent 6, the vent 5, the communication 13, the second vent 8, and the vent 12 are arranged in this order. By circulating, air can be circulated around the solar cell panel 30, and both surfaces of the solar cell panel 30 can be effectively cooled. Furthermore, the infrared ray absorbing sheet 22 laid on the reflecting mirror 20 can be cooled by the air flowing through the ventilation path 5, and the back surface of the reflecting mirror 20 is cooled by the air flowing through the second ventilation path 8. be able to. Furthermore, if the air heated by cooling is supplied to a predetermined device, it is possible to provide the hybrid solar power generation device 1 that can reuse the recovered thermal energy. In particular, in the present embodiment, since air is also circulated on the back surface of the reflecting mirror 20, the cooling efficiency of the solar power generation device 1 is high and more heat energy can be recovered.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the reflecting mirror 20 is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the reflecting mirror is a conventional type in which silver is deposited on a glass plate. There may be.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the solar cell panel 30 is being fixed to the flame | frame 3 via the connection rod 34a, the fixing position and fixing method are not restricted to this. Although not shown, for example, the solar cell panel may be directly fixed to the back surface of the light-transmitting plate member with a bolt / nut or an adhesive. Further, a fixing leg arm (not shown) may be extended from the reflecting mirror to support the solar cell panel in the air layer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the fracture | rupture perspective view which showed the best 1st form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is the top view which showed the best 1st form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is 1st best form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing which showed an example of the solar cell panel, (b) is another example of a solar cell panel. It is sectional drawing shown. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 2nd form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the solar cell panel of the best 2nd form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 3rd form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the solar cell panel of the best 3rd form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is the perspective view which showed the solar cell panel of the best 3rd form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is the top view which showed the solar cell panel of the best 3rd form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 4th form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the best 5th form for implementing the solar power generation device which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photovoltaic power generation device 2 Air layer 5 Ventilation path 8 Second ventilation path 10 Light transmission board | plate material 11 White plate glass 20 Reflector 22 Infrared absorption sheet 30 Solar cell panel 31 Stacked solar cell 32 Light transmission type solar cell layer 33 Light Permeable glass 34 Frame material 36 Cover 38 Composite packing 39 Circulation path 40 Refrigerant 41 Extrusion tube

Claims (13)

A light-transmitting plate, a reflecting mirror disposed opposite to the light-transmitting plate with an air layer having a predetermined thickness, and a sun disposed in an air layer between the light-transmitting plate and the reflecting mirror In a solar power generation device equipped with a battery panel,
The solar cell panel is configured to include a laminated solar cell capable of receiving both sides,
The reflecting mirror includes a concave surface that reflects sunlight that has passed through the light-transmitting plate material and reached the reflecting mirror to the solar cell panel,
An infrared ray absorbing sheet is laid on the surface of the reflecting mirror. The solar cell panel covers and supports the laminated solar cell, a pair of light transmissive glasses that sandwich the laminated solar cell from both sides, and outer peripheral edges of the laminated solar cell and the light transmissive glass. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, further comprising a frame material. The stacked solar cell is composed of a plurality of light transmissive solar cell layers having different band gap energy,
The plurality of light transmissive solar cell layers are arranged such that band cap energy decreases from the reflecting mirror side toward the light transmissive plate material side. Item 3. The solar power generation device according to Item 2. The said solar cell panel was equipped with the cover comprised including an inorganic fluorescent substance in the surface side facing the said reflective mirror. The sun as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Photovoltaic generator. The solar power generation device according to claim 4, wherein the base material of the cover is made of thermal shock resistant glass. The laminated solar cell and the light-transmitting glass are fixed to the frame material via a composite material packing composed of a resin base material and an insulating powder having thermal conductivity. The solar power generation device according to any one of claims 2 to 5. The solar power generation device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein a circulation path for circulating a refrigerant is provided in the frame material. The solar power generation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the circulation path is configured by an extruded tube made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reflecting mirror is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The solar power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light-transmitting plate material is configured by white plate glass. The photovoltaic power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the light transmissive plate member is made of a light transmissive resin. 12. The solar cell panel according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell panel is cooled by using the air layer as a ventilation path so as to allow ventilation between the light-transmitting plate member and the reflecting mirror. The solar power generation device according to claim 1. The solar power generation device according to claim 12, wherein a second ventilation path communicating with the ventilation path is formed on a side of the reflecting mirror opposite to the light-transmitting plate member.

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