JP2008012549A - Apparatus and method of working fine shape, and sliding member - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method of working fine shapes by which the fine shapes can be worked with high accuracy by restraining protuberance in the periphery of a worked fine shape, and a sliding member. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus of working fine shapes is constituted so that fine recessed parts are worked by pressing a cylindrical tool member against the surface of a material to be worked. In the cylindrical tool member 4 having fine projecting and recessing parts which have high hardness, a tube part for forming the fine recessed parts and tube parts 5A, 5B having elastic bodies including fine particles are closely equipped and the outer periphery of the head part with the elastic bodies is made larger than the outer periphery of the fine recessed part forming tube part. The fine projecting parts and recessing parts are worked on the surface of the material to be worked by performing at least two stages which are selected from: 1. a polishing stage of the surface to be worked; 2. a fine projecting and recessing part working stage and 3. a projecting-part polishing stage by using the fine shape working apparatus. The sliding member on which the fine projecting and recessing parts are worked is worked by using the fine shape working method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fine shape processing apparatus, a fine shape processing method, and a sliding member, and more specifically, for example, an inner peripheral surface of a cylinder bore of a cylinder block in an automobile engine, an outer peripheral surface of a journal portion of a camshaft, and traction. Fine shape processing equipment used to form fine recesses (oil pools) to achieve low friction on the surface of a work piece with sliding contact such as the surface of a rolling element of a drive transmission The present invention relates to a fine shape processing method and a sliding member.

Conventionally, microfabrication by micro roll forming (MRF) has been performed by pressing a roller against a workpiece via a spring or the like, and an almost constant load has always been applied to the workpiece.
For example, a processing apparatus and a processing method have been proposed in which a roller having irregularities on the outer peripheral surface is pressed into a workpiece with a predetermined load, the workpiece is rotated, and fine irregularities are formed on the workpiece surface (for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2002-361351 A

In such fine processing, as shown in FIG. 1, a foam roller having fine irregularities is pressed against a workpiece, the fine irregularities of the foam roller are transferred, and the surface of the workpiece is plastically deformed to form a fine shape. Therefore, there is a problem in that the processed fine shape peripheral portion is swelled, and after the fine shape is processed, a step of removing this swell is required, which increases processing time and cost.
In addition, such fine processing has a problem that the tool slips and the uneven pattern is disturbed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to suppress the rising of the peripheral portion of the processed fine shape and to process the fine shape with high accuracy. Another object is to provide a fine shape processing apparatus, a fine shape processing method, and a sliding member.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present invention installed an elastic body containing fine particles that become an abrasive material integrally or separately from the foam roller (fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion), The present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by processing the fine recesses and removing the bulges in the periphery thereof, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention includes a cylindrical tool member having high hardness fine unevenness on the outer peripheral surface, and can press the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the workpiece to process a fine recess. In fine shape processing equipment,
The cylindrical tool member comprises a cylindrical portion forming a fine recess and a cylindrical portion having an elastic body containing fine particles, and the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion with the elastic body is the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion. It is characterized by being larger than the outer periphery.

Further, the fine shape processing method of the present invention, when processing the fine irregularities on the workpiece surface using the fine shape processing apparatus,
The following 1-3 steps Work surface polishing step for polishing the work surface with an elastic body,
2. A fine unevenness processing step for processing fine unevenness on the surface of the work piece by the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion,
3. A convex polishing process that polishes the bulge around the fine irregular shape with a polishing roller,
It is characterized in that at least two steps selected from the above are performed.

  Furthermore, the sliding member of the present invention is characterized in that fine irregularities are processed using the fine shape processing method.

  According to the present invention, an elastic body containing fine particles as an abrasive material is provided integrally with or separately from the foam roller (fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion), and the fine concave portion is processed and the peripheral portion is swelled. Since it was decided to remove, it is possible to provide a fine shape processing apparatus, a fine shape processing method, and a sliding member that can suppress the rising of the peripheral portion of the processed fine shape and can process the fine shape with high accuracy.

  Hereinafter, the fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail. In the present specification and claims, “%” for concentration, content, filling amount and the like represents a mass percentage unless otherwise specified.

  As described above, the first fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention includes a cylindrical tool member having fine irregularities with high hardness on the outer peripheral surface, and presses the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the work piece. The recess can be processed. In addition, the cylindrical tool member includes a cylindrical portion forming a fine recess and a cylindrical portion having an elastic body containing fine particles, and the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion with the elastic body is formed as the fine concave portion. Make it larger than the outer periphery of the tube.

Thus, the cylindrical tool member has a configuration in which the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic-equipped cylindrical portion including fine particles rotate while exhibiting both functions. That is, since the periphery is also polished while processing a fine shape on the surface of the workpiece, the swell can be suppressed or the size thereof can be reduced. Therefore, the swell removal processing time in the subsequent step of the fine shape processing step can be shortened.
In addition, since the sliding of the cylindrical tool member is reduced, a fine pattern can be processed with high accuracy.

  Further, from the viewpoint of further improving the effect, it is preferable that the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion are integrally formed and rotate by the same rotating shaft.

Further, the fine concave portion forming cylinder portion and the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion are configured separately and rotated by the same rotation shaft, and the friction of the rotation shaft of the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion is the fine concave portion forming cylinder. It is preferable to make it larger than the friction of the rotating shaft of the part.
At this time, since a large slip can be generated between the workpiece and the elastic body, the polishing effect by the elastic body containing fine particles can be increased.

  Furthermore, from the same viewpoint, when the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic body-equipped cylindrical portion are configured separately, they are rotated by different driving forces, and the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic body are rotated. It is also preferable that the attached tube portion can be rotated at an arbitrary rotation speed.

Further, in the fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention, the cylindrical portion with an elastic body is disposed on one or both of the forward side and the reverse side in the feed direction during processing with respect to the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion. Is preferred.
At this time, by arranging the cylindrical portion with an elastic body on the forward side, the elastic body containing fine particles polishes the surface to be processed just before the micro concave portion forming cylindrical portion having high hardness is processed. Therefore, the pre-processed surface can be adjusted with high accuracy, and the accuracy of the fine shape can be improved. In addition, by arranging the cylindrical portion with the elastic body on the forward side, the cylindrical portion with the elastic body polishes the processed surface immediately after the processing of the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the swell removal processing time in the subsequent step of the fine shape processing step.

Furthermore, it is preferable that a plurality of the cylindrical portions with elastic bodies are arranged.
This is effective because the polishing effect of the elastic body containing fine particles can be obtained a plurality of times by one processing. Further, it is possible to perform roughing and finishing by changing the particle size of the fine particles contained in each elastic body.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the fine particles contained in the cylindrical portion with the elastic body are uniformly dispersed or regularly arranged.
As a result, when the fine particles are uniformly dispersed in the elastic body, the friction between the workpiece and the tool (the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion having high hardness unevenness) is increased, and the slip can be further reduced. Further, by regularly arranging the fine particles on the elastic body, the polishing effect by the elastic body containing the fine particles can be increased.
For example, the fine particles can be used with a size of about 30 to 0.1 μm.

Moreover, the said cylinder part with an elastic body has an unevenness | corrugation larger than the magnitude | size of a fine particle on an outer peripheral surface, and it is suitable for the fine particle to be arrange | positioned by the uneven surface. At this time, the polishing effect of the elastic body containing fine particles can be further increased.
Further, from the same point of view, it is preferable to use, for example, one or both of ceramics and diamond as the fine particles contained in the cylinder with elastic body.
Furthermore, it is preferable that a fibrous substance is contained in the cylinder portion with the elastic body. At this time, the strength of the elastic body containing fine particles can be improved. Examples of the fibrous substance include carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, and glass fiber.

Next, the second fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention will be described.
Similar to the first fine shape processing apparatus, the fine shape processing apparatus includes a cylindrical tool member having fine irregularities with high hardness on the outer peripheral surface, and presses the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the workpiece. Fine recesses can be processed, but the following points are different.
That is, the cylindrical tool member is formed by forming an uneven portion on the outer peripheral surface and arranging fine particles on the entire surface or a part of the surface of the convex portion.
At this time, since the fine particles are arranged on the outer periphery of the cylindrical tool member having high hardness unevenness, the sliding between the cylindrical tool member and the workpiece is reduced, and the fine shape of the highly accurate pattern is reduced. Can be processed.

Next, a third fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention will be described.
Similar to the first fine shape processing apparatus, the fine shape processing apparatus includes a cylindrical tool member having fine irregularities with high hardness on the outer peripheral surface, and presses the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the workpiece. Fine recesses can be processed, but the following points are different.
That is, an uneven part is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tool member, and an elastic body containing fine particles is arranged on the entire surface or a part of the surface of the convex part.
At this time, since the elastic body containing fine particles is disposed on the outer periphery of the cylindrical tool member having high hardness unevenness, the strength of the cylindrical tool member can be improved.

Next, the fine shape processing method of the present invention will be described.
The present invention, when processing the fine unevenness on the workpiece surface using the first to third fine shape processing apparatus described above,
The following 1-3 steps Work surface polishing step for polishing the work surface with an elastic body,
2. A fine unevenness processing step for processing fine unevenness on the surface of the work piece by the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion,
3. A convex polishing process that polishes the bulge around the fine irregular shape with a polishing roller,
This is a fine shape processing method for performing at least two processes selected from the above.

  By performing such a process, a larger slip can be generated between the workpiece and the elastic body containing fine particles with a simple configuration, and the polishing effect by the elastic body is increased.

Next, the sliding member of the present invention will be described.
The sliding member of the present invention is characterized by processing fine unevenness using the above-described fine shape processing method.
Thereby, the processed fine shape can be used as a lubricating oil reservoir, and the flow of the lubricating oil can be controlled efficiently, so that the friction of the sliding member can be reduced.

  Typically, for example, a crankshaft provided with one or both of a journal processed with fine irregularities, a pin, a camshaft equipped with either a journal or cam lobe processed with fine irregularities, Examples include a balancer shaft having a journal with fine irregularities, a piston pin with fine irregularities, and a cylinder bore with fine irregularities.

Here, in FIG. 2, the outline at the time of processing a sliding member using the fine shape processing apparatus which is one Embodiment of this invention is shown.
This fine shape processing apparatus includes a chuck 2 that holds a workpiece 1, a main shaft 3 that rotates the chuck 2, and a disk-shaped or cylindrical form roller portion 4 that has a fine convex portion on the outer peripheral surface (a fine concave portion is formed). A cylindrical portion) and a polishing roller portion 5 (a cylindrical portion with an elastic body) that is larger than the outer diameter of the foam roller portion 4 and can rotate coaxially with the foam roller portion 4. The polishing roller unit 5 is installed on the left and right sides of the foam roller unit 4 and is formed of an elastic body containing fine particles (5A and 5B).

  In addition, this fine shape processing apparatus includes an arm 6 that can rotatably hold the foam roller unit 4 and the polishing roller unit 5, and an elastic such as a spring that can apply a predetermined load to the foam roller unit 4 and the polishing roller unit 5. A load generating unit 7 composed of members, a load measuring unit 8 for measuring a load applied to the foam roller unit 4 and the polishing roller unit 5 by the load generating unit 7, an arm 6, a load generating unit 7, and a load measurement It has a body 9 that holds the portion 8 and is movable in the X and Z directions in the figure.

A processing method using this fine shape processing apparatus will be described.
First, the workpiece 1 is attached to the chuck 2 and held in a rotatable state.
Next, the body 9 is moved so that the foam roller unit 4 is directly above the processing start position.
Thereafter, the body 9 is moved in the Z direction, and the foam roller portion 4 and the polishing roller portion 5 are pressed against the workpiece 1 with a predetermined load. Subsequently, the rotation of the workpiece 1 and the movement of the foam roller portion 4 and the polishing roller portion 5 in the workpiece rotation axis direction are started, and the processing is started.

  At the time of processing, first, as shown in FIG. 3, the polishing roller portion 5A moves while being in contact with the surface to be processed. At this time, since the polishing roller portion 5A is larger than the outer diameter of the foam roller portion 4, it is pressed against the workpiece 1 in an elastically deformed state, so that it is not pressed against the peripheral speed Vw of the pressed portion. A speed difference occurs at the peripheral speed Ve of the part, and the surface to be processed is polished by this speed difference.

  Next, when the foam roller portion 4 is pressed against the workpiece 1, a fine concave portion and a convex portion X are formed around the concave portion. Immediately thereafter, the polishing roller 5 </ b> B positioned on the reverse side in the moving direction of the foam roller portion 4 passes through the convex portion X while being pressed against the workpiece 1. Since the polishing roller portion 5B is also larger than the outer diameter of the foam roller portion 4, the workpiece portion is pressed against the workpiece 1 in an elastically deformed state, so that it is pressed against the peripheral speed Vw of the pressed portion. A speed difference is generated at the peripheral speed Ve at a non-existing portion, and all or part of the convex portion X is removed by this speed difference.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the foam roller portion 4 and the polishing roller portion 5 can rotate separately, and the friction of the rotating shaft of the polishing roller portion 5 is larger than the friction of the rotating shaft of the foam roller portion 4. It can also be. At this time, the slip between the polishing roller 5 and the workpiece 1 is further increased, and the removal amount of the convex portion X is increased.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotation of the foam roller unit 4 can be reversed by using a rotation reversing unit 30 such as a planetary gear to rotate the polishing roller unit 5. At this time, the slip of the workpiece 1 and the polishing roller portion 5 can be greatly increased, and the removal amount of the convex portion X is further increased.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the foam roller unit 4 and the polishing roller unit 5 can be rotated separately, and the polishing roller unit can be rotated from an external driving device 10 via a belt 31 or the like. At this time, the slip between the polishing roller portion 5 and the workpiece 1 can be further increased, and the removal amount of the convex portion X is increased.

Further, the fine particles contained in the polishing roller 5 may be uniformly dispersed, but as shown in FIG. 7, the fine particles are regularly arranged, or irregularities larger than the size of the particles on the outer periphery of the polishing roller. The polishing effect can be further increased by forming and arranging on the surface.
If the fine particles are made of a high hardness material such as ceramics or diamond, the polishing effect is further increased.

  By performing this processing on the entire surface to be processed, a fine recess can be formed on the entire surface to be processed, and at the same time, the size of the protrusion generated in the peripheral portion can be reduced or removed. Further, since the friction between the polishing roller portion 5 and the workpiece 1 is increased, the slip between the foam roller portion 4 and the workpiece 1 is reduced, and the precision of the fine pattern to be processed is improved.

Here, fine particles can be arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the foam roller portion 4 as shown in FIG. At this time, the slip of the foam roller part 4 and the workpiece 1 can be further reduced, and the accuracy of the fine pattern to be processed is further improved.
Furthermore, the damage of the foam roller part 4 can also be reduced by installing the elastic body 10 on a part or the whole of the outer peripheral part of the foam roller part 4.
In the present embodiment, an example in which there are two polishing roller portions 5 is shown, but two or more polishing roller portions may be provided.

Next, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show an outline of processing a sliding member using another embodiment of the fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention.
This fine shape processing apparatus has the same configuration as the above-described fine shape processing apparatus (FIGS. 2 and 3) except that the polishing roller speed reduction unit 20 is provided.

  That is, first, as shown in FIG. 9, the foam roller portion 4 is pressed against the workpiece 1 with a predetermined load to process fine irregularities on the entire surface to be processed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, the pressing load is set such that the foam roller portion 4 is separated from the workpiece 1 and only the polishing roller portion 5 is in contact with the workpiece. In this state, the polishing roller speed reduction unit 20 is operated, the rotation of the polishing roller 5 is decelerated, the slip with the workpiece 1 is generated, and the entire processing surface is processed. All or part of it can be removed. Further, when the polishing roller 5 is fixed by the polishing roller speed reducing unit 20, the polishing effect is further increased. Furthermore, at this time, the removal amount of the convex portion X can be increased by slowing the moving speed of the polishing roller or increasing the number of times of moving the work surface.

As mentioned above, although the fine shape processing apparatus of this invention was demonstrated with reference to two embodiment, in this invention, not only a cylindrical outer peripheral surface is processed but a fine shape is formed on the inner surface of a cylindrical workpiece. In the case of processing, the same effect can be obtained.
In addition, the sliding member obtained by processing fine irregularities using the fine shape processing apparatus of the present invention can be applied to sliding parts such as a crank, a cam, and a balancer for automobiles. The shape can function as a lubricating oil reservoir, or the flow of lubricating oil can be controlled, and the friction can be reduced.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the conventional fine processing apparatus. It is the schematic which shows one Embodiment of the fine shape processing apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows a mode that the convex part X is removed. It is the schematic which shows an example of a foam roller part and a grinding | polishing roller part. It is the schematic which shows the other example of a foam roller part and a grinding | polishing roller part. It is the schematic which shows the further another example of a foam roller part and a grinding | polishing roller part. It is the schematic which shows an example of a foam roller part structure. It is the schematic which shows the other example of a foam roller part structure. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of the fine shape processing apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows other embodiment of the fine shape processing apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Workpiece 2 Chuck 3 Main shaft 4 Foam roller part 5, 5A, 5B Polishing roller part 6 Arm 7 Load generating part 8 Load measuring part 9 Body 10 Driving device 20 Polishing roller speed reduction part 30 Rotation reversal part

Claims (20)

In a fine shape processing apparatus provided with a cylindrical tool member having fine irregularities with high hardness on the outer peripheral surface, pressing the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the workpiece, and processing a fine recess,
The cylindrical tool member comprises a cylindrical portion forming a fine recess and a cylindrical portion having an elastic body containing fine particles, and the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion with the elastic body is the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion. A fine shape processing apparatus characterized in that it is larger than the outer periphery.   2. The fine shape processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fine concave portion forming cylinder portion and the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion are integrally formed, and are rotated by the same rotation shaft.   The fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion are configured separately, and rotate by the same rotating shaft, and the friction of the rotating shaft of the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion is caused by the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion. The fine shape processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fine shape processing apparatus is larger than the friction of the rotating shaft.   The fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic body-attached cylindrical portion are configured separately, and these are rotated by different driving forces, and the fine concave portion forming cylindrical portion and the elastic body-equipped cylindrical portion are at an arbitrary rotational speed. The fine shape processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus can be rotated.   The said cylinder part with an elastic body is arrange | positioned with respect to the said fine recessed part formation cylinder part in the advance side and / or reverse side of the feed direction at the time of a process, The any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. The fine shape processing apparatus according to one of the items.   The fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of the cylindrical portions with elastic bodies are arranged.   The fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein fine particles contained in the cylindrical portion with an elastic body are uniformly dispersed.   The fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fine particles included in the cylinder portion with the elastic body are regularly arranged.   The said cylinder part with an elastic body has an unevenness | corrugation larger than the magnitude | size of a fine particle on an outer peripheral surface, and the fine particle is arrange | positioned by the uneven surface. The fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of the items.   The fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fine particles contained in the cylindrical portion with an elastic body are ceramics and / or diamond.   The fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a fibrous substance is included in the cylindrical portion with an elastic body. In a fine shape processing apparatus provided with a cylindrical tool member having fine irregularities with high hardness on the outer peripheral surface, pressing the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the workpiece, and processing a fine recess,
The cylindrical tool member is characterized in that an uneven portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and fine particles are disposed on the entire surface or a part of the surface of the convex portion. In a fine shape processing apparatus provided with a cylindrical tool member having fine irregularities with high hardness on the outer peripheral surface, pressing the cylindrical tool member against the surface of the workpiece, and processing a fine recess,
The cylindrical tool member is characterized in that an uneven portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and an elastic body containing fine particles is disposed on the entire surface or a part of the surface of the convex portion. In processing fine irregularities on the workpiece surface using the fine shape processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
The following 1-3 steps Work surface polishing step for polishing the work surface with an elastic body,
2. A fine unevenness processing step for processing fine unevenness on the surface of the work piece by the fine recessed portion forming cylindrical portion,
3. A convex polishing process that polishes the bulge around the fine uneven shape with an elastic body,
A method of processing a fine shape, comprising performing at least two steps selected from the above.   A sliding member obtained by processing fine irregularities using the fine shape processing method according to claim 14.   The sliding member according to claim 15, wherein the sliding member is a crankshaft including a journal and / or a pin processed with fine irregularities.   The sliding member according to claim 15, wherein the sliding member is a camshaft including a journal and / or a cam lobe in which fine irregularities are processed.   The sliding member according to claim 15, wherein the sliding member is a balancer shaft provided with a journal in which fine irregularities are processed.   The sliding member according to claim 15, wherein the sliding member is a piston pin processed with fine irregularities.   The sliding member according to claim 15, wherein the sliding member is a cylinder bore processed with fine irregularities.

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