JP2008002173A - Building frame - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building frame which is structurally stable as a whole, drastically improved in the degree of freedom of a plan schedule on each story, and rationally constructed. <P>SOLUTION: The building frame is formed of a diagonal rigid frame consisting of two-directional diagonal poles 1a intersecting a main frame of a building, as component elements. Specifically the two-directional diagonal poles 1a are arranged on front and rear surfaces of the building so as to intersect each other, and bound to each other by beams 1b in a span direction. An intersection portion is formed into a rigid joint. Then large-scale bearing walls 2 are set between the front and rear diagonal poles 1a and the right and left diagonal poles 1a, and large-scale floor slabs 3 are arranged between the front and rear diagonal poles 1a, and the right and left diagonal poles 1a. The bearing walls 2 and the floor slabs 3 are distributed so as to rationally design the building frame in terms of strength, stability, and workability. The structure of each story can be essentially flexibly designed without taking over by the main frame. Further, spaces over and under the intersection between the diagonal poles 1a are effectively applicable to a sky garden 4 etc. as shared spaces. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building frame applied to an apartment house, a hotel, an office building or the like of middle and high-rises or higher.

  Conventional structures in buildings generally include a column beam structure composed of vertical columns and horizontal beams, and a brace and a seismic wall installed in each floor horizontal floor as necessary.

  In that case, considering the smooth transmission of the vertical load, the upper and lower floor pillars come to the same or almost the same position in plan for most of the pillars, but the plan for each floor is greatly influenced by the pillar position. Therefore, it is difficult to design freely, such as changing the floor plan for each floor.

  In addition, in order to increase the degree of freedom in plan planning, a design with a large span between columns may be performed, but it is a high layer to have a vertical span between the columns with a long span beam or slab. Indeed, there are structural limitations, and the need for braces and load-bearing walls also limits design constraints.

  Moreover, as a special case, not a vertical pillar but an oblique pillar may be used.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a multi-family house whose upper part is a residence has a lower floor as a design that can be used for applications such as offices, stores, and parking lots. The structural frame is stable and the design of the lower floor is increased by constructing the ramen structure with the slanted columns placed on the outer periphery and the rigid beams or frame materials between them. The earthquake-resistant building structure is described.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a case where a required shape of a building is originally a pyramid-like pyramid shape or a frustum shape, and an outer frame including a part of a column as an oblique column and an oblique column as a component. It describes the structure of a building that connects the inner frame with floor beams, horizontal braces, and vertical columns.

  In addition, as an earthquake-resistant element, for example, as described in Patent Document 3, an inclined column frame including a buckling-restrained oblique column for energy absorption is configured, and a beam member is interposed at an intersecting position. Yes.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-036651 JP 2002-121820 A JP 09-31001 A JP 2000-291270 A

  Conventionally, a general building structure with vertical pillars has a certain merit when it is intended to unify intentionally, such as standardizing the floor plan of each floor. In addition, there is a merit in that the construction on each floor can be repeated the same work by standardization and that it can be designed with an existing calculation program. However, it is wasteful in structure and is not rational. Further, as described above, the degree of freedom of design is greatly restricted.

  The invention described in Patent Document 1 is intended to partially rationalize the structure and improve the degree of freedom of design. However, the entire building is almost the same as that of the conventional vertical column.

  The thing of patent document 2 is a case where the restriction | limiting on a form is received from the first, it does not have versatility, and it cannot be said that it is necessarily necessarily rational also in a structure.

  The thing of patent document 3 is only used for the diagonal pillar as an earthquake-resistant element, and cannot be used for the main frame of a building as it is.

  The present invention uses a diagonal frame ramen composed of two-direction oblique columns intersecting the main frame of the building, which is structurally stable as a whole frame, and has the freedom of plan planning for each floor. The purpose is to provide a rationally improved building structure.

  The building frame according to claim 1 of the present application includes two intersecting oblique columns arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the building, and beams in the inter-beam direction connecting the front and rear oblique columns at an arbitrary height. A diagonal frame, and a vertical bearing wall that connects the diagonal frame, the front and rear and upper and lower diagonal columns at an arbitrary height, and an arbitrary height between the front and rear and left and right diagonal columns. The main frame of the building is composed of the horizontal floor slabs to be connected, and the diagonal material is mainly resisted against the vertical load and the horizontal force in the transverse direction, and the diagonal material is mainly applied to the horizontal force in the inter-beam direction. It is characterized by resistance with ramen and bearing walls.

  In this case, the horizontal rigidity of the floor is mainly secured by a horizontal slab that connects the front and rear and left and right oblique columns at an arbitrary height.

  In the case of a vertical column, stress cannot be transmitted between the columns unless there is another structural material connecting the columns. In the present invention, the two-direction diagonal columns and the diagonal columns on the front and rear of the building are intersected. It is a diagonal structure composed of beams that are connected to each other, so that both vertical and horizontal loads can be transmitted directly, resulting in a very simple and reasonable structure.

  In addition, when considering daylighting and view from the viewpoint of the habitability of the building, it is preferred that the building is long in the specific direction (column direction) and short in the width direction (direction between the beams). In addition to a straight line, various designs are conceivable, such as extending in an arc shape, extending in a polygonal line), etc., in the present invention, two oblique columns intersecting the front and rear surfaces of the building are arranged in a planar shape, By constructing a three-dimensional diagonal frame ramen with the beams in the direction between the beams connecting between them, and forming the main frame of the building with this diagonal frame frame, bearing wall and floor slab, it is long in such a column direction, Even when applied to a building that is short in the beam-to-beam direction, the structural stability of the entire building is high.

  In addition, when the distance between beams (short side direction) is large, it is conceivable to have a structure in which oblique columns in two directions that intersect in the same manner are interposed between the front surface and the rear surface.

  In addition, the present invention is not intended to unify the floor plan of each floor of the building, but rather to improve its flexibility and because the columns are not aligned in the vertical direction, the bearing walls and floor slabs The installation position is arbitrary. Rather, it is dispersed on average, so that a well-balanced design can be achieved.

  Claim 2 limits the case where the load-bearing wall is a load-bearing wall over a plurality of floors of the building in the building frame according to claim 1.

  As described above, the location of the bearing walls and floor slabs is arbitrary, but depending on the overall size of the building, it is possible to simplify and rationalize the design and construction by arranging large bearing walls across multiple floors. It is.

  A third aspect of the present invention limits the building frame according to the first or second aspect to a case where the oblique column has a steel structure, a reinforced concrete structure, or a steel reinforced concrete structure.

  The present invention is characterized in the structural aspects of the frame, and it is not necessary to limit the material and scale in nature, but claim 3 lists typical materials. If the scale of the building is very large, it may be possible to construct the inclined column itself with a steel frame assembled in a three-dimensional truss shape.

  A fourth aspect of the present invention is the building frame according to the first, second, or third aspect, wherein an elevational surface sandwiched between the oblique pillars at the upper or lower part of the intersection where the oblique pillars in the two directions intersect with each other has a triangular shape. The case where it uses as is limited.

  In the case of a conventional vertical column, the design ensures that a certain space is secured between the columns, except when a seismic brace is required. The distance between the columns must be shortened. However, if a sky garden is formed by opening up the triangular part of the elevation between the oblique columns above or below the intersection, it can be used as a well-lighted common space in apartment buildings, hotels, office buildings, etc. It can be used effectively.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the building frame according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a sub-frame including a column and a beam is provided in the main frame using diagonal material ramen.

  As for the floor plan of each floor of the building, the main frame is the main frame, and floors such as floor slabs and door walls can be placed. In that case, SI (Skeleton Infill) residential usage However, if the scale of the building is large, in addition to the main frame, a sub frame including columns and beams (the column of the sub frame may be a vertical column) can be configured without impairing the degree of freedom of design. , Design and construction can be simplified.

  Conventionally, in the case of a general vertical column, unless other structural materials that connect the columns are interposed, stress transmission between the columns cannot be performed, whereas in the present invention, the intersections arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the building intersect. A diagonal structure composed of two-direction oblique columns directly transmits a vertical load and a horizontal load, so that the structure is very simple and has no waste.

  In the present invention, the main frame is formed by a three-dimensional diagonal ramen made by arranging two-direction oblique columns intersecting the front and rear of the building in a plane, and a load-bearing wall and a floor slab that connect between them. Even when the present invention is applied to a building that is long in a specific direction and short in a direction crossing the specific direction, the structural stability of the entire building is high.

  There is a high degree of freedom in building plan planning, and it is possible to freely design different floors.

  Concerning the position where the two-way oblique column, which is considered to be a disadvantage, intersects with the triangular sky garden, it can be effectively used as a multifunctional shared space.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a building frame of the present application. This example assumes a 25-story apartment house, and the broken lines shown on the left side of the building in FIG. 1 represent the floor height, and a floor slab 3 of the main frame is provided for every 5 floors.

  Further, since the drawing is complicated, the front of the building (with respect to the building) (the bearing wall 2 and the floor slab 3), the bearing wall 2 and the floor slab 3 that connect the oblique columns 1 a and the oblique columns constituting the oblique material ramen 1 according to the present invention in the inter-beam direction. This direction is assumed to be the south side, and the other directions will be described correspondingly.) The oblique column 1a is indicated by a solid line, and only a part of the oblique column 1a on the rear surface (north side) is indicated by a broken line. The bearing wall 2 and the floor slab 3 arranged in the beam-to-beam direction (north-south direction) are indicated by solid lines on the front side, and others are partially omitted or indicated by broken lines.

  Also, floors, walls (door walls, partition walls, etc.), auxiliary pillars, beams, etc. for each floor inside the building are omitted, and only the main frame components using diagonal material ramen 1 are shown in principle. ing.

  As components of the diagonal member 1, two-direction oblique columns 1 a are arranged so as to intersect each other on the front surface (south side) and the rear surface (north side) of the building. The intersection is rigid. The front and rear oblique columns 1a are connected to each other by a beam 1b in a beam-to-beam direction at a position necessary for the design to form a three-dimensional oblique material frame 1.

  Further, between the front and rear and upper and lower oblique pillars 1a, in this example, a large bearing wall 2 whose depth (in the north-south direction) corresponds to the length of the short side of the building (in the direction between the beams) and whose height corresponds to five floors. Is provided. Further, between the front and rear and left and right oblique pillars 1a, a large horizontal floor slab 3 whose depth (in the north-south direction) corresponds to the length of the short side of the building (in the direction between the beams) is provided.

  The dimensions and positions of the bearing wall 2 and the floor slab 3 are arbitrary, and are not particularly limited. In forming the main frame of the building together with the oblique column 1a constituting the oblique material ramen 1, the strength, stability, workability, etc. Distribute and arrange so that rational design is possible.

  Here, for the structure of each floor not shown in the figure, a frame using the diagonal ramen 1 described above is used as a main frame, and a secondary frame (secondary frame) including existing columns and beams as components is assembled. It is sufficient to arrange a floor, a wall, etc. However, since the frame as the entire structure can be stabilized by the main frame using the diagonal ramen 1, basically each floor can be freely designed.

  Furthermore, in terms of design and functionality, for example, use of translucent outer wall panels on the front and rear outer walls of the outer walls to enhance daylighting, or provide a sky garden 4 as shown in the figure as a common space Can be considered.

  In particular, in the present invention, since the oblique column 1a intersects the front and rear surfaces of the building, the interval between the oblique columns 1a must be shortened at a position where the oblique column 1a in two directions intersects. In addition, it can be effectively used as the sky garden 4 by opening the triangular portion of the vertical surface sandwiched between the upper and lower oblique pillars 1a of the intersection.

  2 shows an example in which the sky garden 4 is provided above the intersection, and FIG. 3 shows an example in which the sky garden 4 is provided below the intersection. In the figure, reference numeral 5 indicates the floor of each floor.

The functions of the sky garden 4 are as follows.
(1) Appropriate response to the natural environment Use for energy saving, ventilation, and daylighting.
(2) Disaster prevention, crime prevention Disaster prevention, evacuation evacuation plazas, crime prevention, etc.
(3) High-rise community Community plaza, office room communication, common space, etc.
(4) Common view to outside View from the sky garden.
(5) Daylighting and lighting up During the daytime, the transmitted daylight is clearly visible from the north side and brightens. At night, the lighting of each private room, the lighting of the sky garden, and the lighting arranged throughout (the nightlight) will change the lighting.

It is a see-through | perspective perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the building frame of this invention. It is a front view of the sky garden part at the time of providing a sky garden above the intersection of an oblique pillar. It is a front view of the sky garden part in the case of providing the sky garden below the intersection of the oblique columns.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Diagonal ramen, 1a ... Oblique column, 1b ... Beam, 2 ... Bearing wall, 3 ... Floor slab, 4 ... Sky garden, 5 ... Floor of each floor

Claims (5)

  An oblique ramen is composed of two intersecting oblique columns arranged on the front and rear surfaces of the building, and an inter-beam beam connecting the front and rear oblique columns at an arbitrary height. The main structure of the building is composed of ramen, a vertical bearing wall that connects the front and rear and upper and lower diagonal columns at an arbitrary height, and a horizontal floor slab that connects the front and rear and left and right diagonal columns at an arbitrary height. The frame was constructed so that it was resisted mainly by the diagonal ramen against vertical load and horizontal force in the direction of the beam, and was resisted mainly by the diagonal ramen and bearing wall against the horizontal force in the direction between beams. A building frame characterized by   The building frame according to claim 1, wherein the load-bearing wall is a load-bearing wall extending over a plurality of floors of the building.   The building frame according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oblique column has a steel structure, a reinforced concrete structure, or a steel reinforced concrete structure.   4. A building according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an elevation surface sandwiched between the oblique columns above or below the intersection where the oblique columns in the two directions intersect uses a triangular portion as a sky garden. Frame. The building frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sub frame including columns and beams is provided in the main frame.

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