JP2007533409A - 合体したポリマー粒子から形成される治療剤含有領域を有する医用物品 - Google Patents
合体したポリマー粒子から形成される治療剤含有領域を有する医用物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007533409A JP2007533409A JP2007509555A JP2007509555A JP2007533409A JP 2007533409 A JP2007533409 A JP 2007533409A JP 2007509555 A JP2007509555 A JP 2007509555A JP 2007509555 A JP2007509555 A JP 2007509555A JP 2007533409 A JP2007533409 A JP 2007533409A
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Abstract
【解決手段】 治療剤含有領域は、さらに、(i)水分散性治療剤と、(ii)水性分散体によって供給される合体したポリマー粒子とを含む。また、そのような医用物品を形成する方法、及びそのような医用物品を使用して患者の内部で治療剤を放出する方法も記載する。
【選択図】 図1
Description
本発明は、治療剤の制御送達のための治療剤含有領域を含む、埋込み可能、又は挿入可能な医用デバイスなどの医用物品に関する。
医用物品は、しばしば、患者に1つ若しくは複数の治療剤を送達するために使用される。例えば、ステントやカテーテルなどの埋込み可能、又は挿入可能な医用デバイスに、ポリマーと治療剤とを含むコーティング層を設けることができる。医用デバイスが患者の内部の所望の場所に設置されたら、治療剤が医用デバイスから患者へと放出され、それによって所望の治療結果が達成される。
先に記載した、及び他の課題は、本発明によって対処される。本発明の一実施態様によれば、医用物品基材と、該基材の上に配置された治療剤含有領域とを含む、医用物品、例えば、埋込み可能、又は挿入可能な医用デバイスが提供される。治療剤含有領域は、さらに、(i)治療剤、例えば水分散性治療剤と、(ii)合体したポリマー粒子とを含んでおり、該ポリマー粒子が水性分散体から供給される。治療剤含有領域は、一般に、医用物品基材の一部分の上に配置できる、又は医用物品基材を完全に取り囲むことのできる、コーティング層である。
本発明は、水溶性治療剤が水不溶性ポリマーと共に提供される場合でも、治療剤含有領域を医用物品基材上に比較的容易に設けることができるという点で有利である。
本発明の他の利点は、治療剤を過酷な加工条件、例えば、分散体のための微粒子を作り出すための造粒加工にさらすことなく、治療剤含有領域を形成できることである。
本発明の前述及び他の実施形態並びに利点は、以下の発明を実施するための最良の形態及び冒頭の特許請求の範囲を検討すれば、当業者にはすぐに明らかとなる。
本発明の一実施態様によれば、医用物品基材と、該基材の上に配置された治療剤含有領域とを含む、医用物品が提供される。治療剤含有領域は、(i)水分散性治療剤と、(ii)水性ポリマー分散体の合体した粒子とを含んでおり、該粒子が、1つ若しくは複数のポリマーを含有する。
水分散性治療剤は、水溶性治療剤とすることができ、又は、水不溶性であるが、それでも水溶液中で安定な治療剤、例えば、安定な水性分散体(液体及び固体治療剤の分散体を含める)とすることができる。
望むなら、治療剤が放出される速度をさらに制御するために、治療剤含有領域と意図される放出の部位との間にバリア層を配置することもできる。
合体は、架橋反応などの化学反応とは無関係に起こる。ゆえに、本発明を実施する際に架橋剤を使用する必要はない。他の実施形態では、治療剤含有領域は、治療剤の放出をさらに調節するために、例えば共有結合又はイオン架橋剤を使用して架橋される。
前述したような技術を使用する調製に加えて、水性ポリマー分散体を、また、商業的に得ることもできる。市販の水性ポリマー分散体の例には、フェノキシ樹脂分散体、エチレンアクリル酸(EAA)コポリマー分散体、アクリレートウレタンコポリマー分散体、及びポリウレタン分散体が含まれる。
医用物品基材又は他のテンプレートと治療剤を含有する水性ポリマー分散体とを接触させる好ましい技術には、鋳造技術、スピンコーティング技術、ウェブコーティング技術、スプレー技術、ディッピング技術、エアサスペンションを含めた機械式サスペンションによるコーティングに関わる技術、インクジェット技術、静電技術、及びこれらのプロセスの組み合わせが含まれる。
乾燥ステップの間に、水及び共溶媒などの他の揮発性材料が除去され、水性分散体のポリマー粒子が合体する。理論に拘泥するものではないが、粒子が合体するにつれて、治療剤が融合していく粒子の間に閉じ込められ、最終的には治療剤が乾燥フィルム全体にわたって分散して、ポリマーフィルム内に比較的一様な治療剤の分布をもたらすと考えられている。
「治療剤」、「薬学的に活性な剤」、「薬学的に活性な物質」、「薬物」、及び他の関連用語は、本明細書では交換可能に使用されることがあり、それらには、遺伝子治療剤、非遺伝子治療剤、及び細胞が含まれる。治療剤は、単独で、又は組み合わせて使用することができる。本発明と併せて使用するための治療剤は、数ある中でも特に、以下の治療剤リストの適切なメンバーから選択することができる。
(bb)VEGF及びRGDペプチドなどの内皮化促進因子、並びに(cc)ペントキシフィリンなどの血液レオロジー調節因子。
好ましい親水性治療剤の例をいくつか挙げれば、臭化水素酸ハロフジノン、DNA、及び遊離塩基形態を有する薬物の塩が含まれる。
広範な治療剤ローディングを本発明の医用物品と併せて使用することができ、そのローディング量は、当業者には容易に決定されるが、最終的には、例えば、処置されるべき状態、治療剤自体の性質、意図される処置対象に治療剤が投与される手段などによって決まる。
PKHW(商標)−35樹脂(Phenoxy Associatesより)は、PAPHEN(商標)フェノキシ水系分散体である。カルボン酸基とヒドロキシル基との両方をポリマー構造に組み込んで、この分散体を形成する。それは、共溶媒としてブトキシエタノール(8〜10%)、中和塩としてDMEA(1〜3%)を含む、約35%の固体含有量を有する。この分散体に水分散性薬物を容易にブレンドして、安定なポリマー/薬物混合物を得ることができる。
Primacor5990I(Dow Chemicalsより)は、樹脂として得られるが、水性アミン若しくは他のアルカリ性水溶液に容易に分散させることができる。水分散性薬物は、相分離なしにこの分散体に混合することができる。乾燥すると、このキャリアは、金属、セルロース、ガラス、及び他の基材に対して優れた接着性を有する。薬物は、ポリマーマトリックス中に比較的一様に分配される。Primacor5980(やはりDow Chemicalsより)は、エチレンアクリル酸コポリマーである。カルボン酸は、内部乳化剤の役割を果たし、コポリマーを水性媒質中に分散させる。界面活性剤は、必要ではない。この分散体に水分散性薬物を直接加えて、一様なコーティング液を得ることができる。他の多くのタイプのPrimacor樹脂がDow Chemicalsから市販されている。
NeoPac E−130(NeoResinsより)は、脂肪族ウレタン/アクリレートコポリマー分散体である。固体含有量は、約35%である。この分散体に水分散性薬物を容易に加えて、安定な混合物を形成することができる。デバイス表面に適用されると、(1つ若しくは複数の)薬物を含有する強力なポリマーコーティングが得られる。調合物は、金属及びプラスチック基材の両方に対して優れた接着性を有する。
Bayhydrol110(Bayer AGより)は、脂肪族ポリエステルウレタンポリマーを水に分散させたアニオン性分散体である。固体含有量は、約35%である。一実施形態によれば、この分散体に8%(固体/固体)の臭化水素酸ハロフジノンなどの水溶性薬物を加えて、安定な混合物を得る。その混合物をステントの上にコーティングとして適用する。乾燥すると、臭化水素酸ハロフジノンがポリマーマトリックス中に閉じ込められた、強力なポリマーコーティングが得られる。マトリックス中の薬物の分配は、比較的一様である。
NeoRez R−972(NeoResinsより)は、脂肪族ポリウレタンポリマーを水に分散させたアニオン性分散体である。固体含有量は、約39%である。一実施形態によれば、5%ヘパリン(固体/固体)などの水溶性薬物をブレンドして、安定な混合物を形成する。その混合物を医用デバイス表面にコーティングとして適用する。乾燥されると、ヘパリンは、比較的一様な分布でポリマーマトリックス中に閉じ込められる。
Bayhydrol123(Bayer AGより)は、脂肪族ポリカーボネートウレタンポリマーを水及びn−メチル−1−2−ピロリドンに分散させたアニオン性分散体である。ポリカーボネートは、埋込み後にウレタンの生体安定性を改善する。一実施形態によれば、前述したのと同様に、この分散体に臭化水素酸ハロフジノンなどの水溶性薬物がブレンドされる。
本明細書で様々な実施形態を具体的に示し記載したが、本発明の精神及び意図される範囲から逸脱することなく、本発明の修正形態及び変形形態が、以上の教示の扱う対象内であり、また冒頭の特許請求の範囲内にあることが理解されよう。
Claims (23)
- 医用物品基材と、前記基材の上に配置された治療剤含有領域とを含む医用物品であって、前記治療剤含有領域が、(i)水分散性治療剤と、(ii)水性分散体の合体したポリマー粒子とを含む医用物品。
- 前記水性分散体が真のラテックスである、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記の水性分散体が擬似ラテックスである、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が、ポリ(アルキレン)鎖とポリ(ビニル芳香族)鎖とを含むブロックコポリマーを含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が、ポリ(イソブチレン)鎖とポリ(スチレン)鎖とを含むブロックコポリマーを含む、請求項4記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が、ポリ(ブタジエン/ブチレン)鎖とポリ(スチレン)鎖とを含むブロックコポリマーを含む、請求項4記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子がポリウレタンを含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子がアクリル酸ポリマー又はコポリマーを含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子がジアルキルシロキサンポリマー又はコポリマーを含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が、親水性部分と疎水性部分とを含むポリマーを含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記合体したポリマー粒子が界面活性剤を含まない、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が架橋ポリマーを含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が架橋ポリマーを含まない、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記ポリマー粒子が複数のポリマー種を含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記治療剤含有領域が、複数の水分散性治療剤種を含む、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記治療剤含有領域が、前記医用物品基材の一部分の上に配置された層の形態である、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記治療剤含有領域が、前記医用物品基材の表面全体の上に配置された層の形態である、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記医用物品が、人体に埋込み可能、又は挿入可能である、請求項1記載の医用物品。
- 前記水分散性治療剤が、抗血栓剤、抗増殖剤、抗炎症剤、抗遊走剤、細胞外マトリックス産生及び形成に影響を及ぼす剤、抗悪性腫瘍剤、抗有糸分裂剤、麻酔剤、抗凝固剤、血管細胞成長促進因子、血管細胞成長阻害剤、コレステロール降下剤、血管拡張剤、並びに内在性血管作動性機構に干渉する剤から選択される、請求項18記載の医用物品。
- 前記医用物品が、カテーテル、ガイドワイヤ、バルーン、フィルタ、ステント、ステントグラフト、血管グラフト、血管パッチ、及びシャントから選択される医用デバイスである、請求項18記載の医用物品。
- 前記埋込み可能、又は挿入可能な医用デバイスが、冠血管系又は末梢血管系に埋め込まれる若しくは挿入されるように適合される、請求項18記載の医用物品。
- 前記埋込み可能若しくは挿入可能な医用デバイスが、食道、気管、大腸、胆管、尿路、前立腺、又は脳に埋め込まれる若しくは挿入されるように適合される、請求項18記載の医用物品。
- 前記水分散性治療剤が水溶性治療剤である、請求項1記載の医用物品。
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JP2013533758A (ja) * | 2010-06-13 | 2013-08-29 | マイクロポート メディカル (シャンハイ) シーオー., エルティーディー | インターベンション医療機器及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1781346A2 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
WO2005113031A3 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
US20050239508A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
EP1781346B1 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
US9498563B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
DE602005015229D1 (de) | 2009-08-13 |
WO2005113031A2 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
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