JP2007319865A - Method and device of manufacturing rolling bearing unit for supporting wheel - Google Patents

Method and device of manufacturing rolling bearing unit for supporting wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007319865A
JP2007319865A JP2006149418A JP2006149418A JP2007319865A JP 2007319865 A JP2007319865 A JP 2007319865A JP 2006149418 A JP2006149418 A JP 2006149418A JP 2006149418 A JP2006149418 A JP 2006149418A JP 2007319865 A JP2007319865 A JP 2007319865A
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Prior art keywords
bearing unit
rolling bearing
inner ring
ring
caulking portion
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Pending
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JP2006149418A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shinji Hirakata
伸治 平方
Kinji Yugawa
謹次 湯川
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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Priority to JP2006149418A priority Critical patent/JP2007319865A/en
Publication of JP2007319865A publication Critical patent/JP2007319865A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/025—Special design or construction with rolling or wobbling dies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • F16C19/386—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings in O-arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a manufacturing method and device, in which the quality of properties in a cylindrical part 14a before plastic deformation and, in its turn, that of properties in a caulked part 12a after the plastic deformation are determined for every individual workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: Load which is respectively directed to the outer end side in the axial direction and outward in the radial direction, is applied to the cylindrical part 14a which is provided in the inner end part of the hub body 7a with a press die 17a. The caulked part 12a is formed by making the cylindrical part 14 plastically deform. When performing the forming work of the caulked part 12a, the displacement speed of the pressing die 17a in the axial direction of the hub body 7a is measured. The quality of properties in the cylindrical part 14a or the caulked part 12a can be determined on the basis of the displacement speed. That is, the quality of the caulked part 12a is determined by comparing the measured displacement speed with the preset threshold value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持する為の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法と、この製造方法の実施に使用する製造装置との改良に関する。   The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit for rotatably supporting a vehicle wheel with respect to a suspension device, and an improvement of a manufacturing apparatus used for carrying out this manufacturing method.

自動車の車輪を懸架装置に対して回転自在に支持する為に、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを使用する。この様な車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットとして、内周面に複列の外輪軌道を有する外径側軌道輪部材と、外周面に複列の内輪軌道を有する内径側軌道輪部材と、これら両外輪軌道とこれら両内輪軌道との間に複列に配置した状態で各列毎に複数個ずつ設けられた転動体とを備えた、複列転がり軸受ユニットが広く使用されている。この様な複列転がり軸受ユニットには、上記各転動体に背面組み合わせ型の接触角と共に予圧を付与すべく、上記内径側軌道輪部材を二分割構造とすると共に、二分割した部材同士を、互いに軸方向に押し付け合う状態で結合固定している。この様に二分割した部材同士を結合固定する為に近年は、一方の部材に外嵌した他方の部材を、この一方の部材の端部に形成したかしめ部で抑え付ける構造が、広く実施される様になっている。   In order to rotatably support the wheel of the automobile with respect to the suspension device, a rolling bearing unit for supporting the wheel is used. As such a wheel bearing rolling bearing unit, an outer diameter side race ring member having a double row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, an inner diameter side race ring member having a double row inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and both the outer rings A double row rolling bearing unit having a plurality of rolling elements provided for each row in a state of being arranged in a double row between the raceway and both inner ring raceways is widely used. In such a double-row rolling bearing unit, the inner diameter side race ring member has a two-divided structure in order to give a preload with a contact angle of a back surface combination type to each of the rolling elements, and the members divided into two parts, They are coupled and fixed so that they are pressed against each other in the axial direction. In recent years, a structure in which the other member externally fitted to one member is restrained by a caulking portion formed at an end portion of the one member has been widely implemented in order to join and fix the two divided members. It has become like that.

この様な、かしめ部により内径側軌道輪部材を構成する１対の部材同士を結合固定した構造を記載した刊行物として、例えば特許文献１〜５がある。図３は、このうちの特許文献３、５に記載された構造を示している。先ず、この図３に記載した、従来から知られている車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１に就いて説明する。この車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１は、外径側軌道輪部材である外輪２の内径側に、内径側軌道輪部材であるハブ３を、それぞれが転動体である複数個の円すいころ４、４により、回転自在に支持している。このうちの外輪２の内周面には複列の外輪軌道５ａ、５ｂを形成すると共に、外周面に、この外輪２を懸架装置に支持固定する為の、外向フランジ状の取付部６を設けている。   As publications describing such a structure in which a pair of members constituting the inner diameter side raceway ring member are coupled and fixed by caulking portions, there are Patent Documents 1 to 5, for example. FIG. 3 shows the structure described in Patent Documents 3 and 5 among them. First, the conventionally known wheel support rolling bearing unit 1 shown in FIG. 3 will be described. This wheel support rolling bearing unit 1 includes a plurality of tapered rollers 4, 4, each of which is a rolling element, with a hub 3, which is an inner diameter side race ring member, on the inner diameter side of an outer ring 2, which is an outer diameter side race ring member. Therefore, it is supported rotatably. Of these, the outer ring 2 is formed with double-row outer ring raceways 5a and 5b on the inner circumferential surface, and an outer flange-like mounting portion 6 is provided on the outer circumferential surface for supporting and fixing the outer ring 2 to the suspension device. ing.

又、上記ハブ３は、軸部材であるハブ本体７と、内輪８とを組み合わせて成る。このうちのハブ本体７は、外周面の外端部（外とは、自動車への組み付け状態で幅方向外寄りとなる側で、図３の左側、図１、４、５の下側を言い、特許請求の範囲の他端側に相当する。）に車輪を支持する為のフランジ９を、同じく中間部に外側の内輪軌道１０ａを、同じく内端部（内とは、自動車への組み付け状態で幅方向中央寄りとなる側で、図３の右側、図１、４、５の上側を言い、特許請求の範囲の一端側に相当する。）に上記外側の内輪軌道１０ａを形成した部分よりも小径の小径段部１１を、それぞれ形成している。尚、上記外側の内輪軌道１０ａは、上記ハブ本体７の中間部に外嵌した別の内輪の外周面に形成する場合もある。又、上記内輪８の外周面には、内側の内輪軌道１０ｂを設けている。この様な内輪８は、上記小径段部１１に圧入外嵌すると共に、上記ハブ本体７の内端部に設けたかしめ部１２により、上記小径段部１１の段差面１３に向け抑え付けている。この様なかしめ部１２は、上記ハブ本体７の内端部で、少なくとも上記小径段部１１に圧入（締り嵌めで）外嵌した内輪８の内端面よりも軸方向に突出する部分に形成した円筒状部１４を、揺動プレス加工等により直径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成する。   The hub 3 is formed by combining a hub body 7 that is a shaft member and an inner ring 8. Of these, the hub body 7 is the outer end portion of the outer peripheral surface (the outer side is the side that is outward in the width direction when assembled to the automobile, and is the left side of FIG. 3, the lower side of FIGS. , Which corresponds to the other end of the claims), a flange 9 for supporting the wheel, an outer inner ring raceway 10a in the middle portion, and an inner end portion (inside is an assembled state to the automobile) And on the side closer to the center in the width direction, the right side of FIG. 3 and the upper side of FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, which corresponds to one end side of the claims.) From the portion where the outer ring raceway 10 a is formed. The small-diameter step portion 11 having a small diameter is also formed. The outer ring race 10a on the outer side may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of another inner ring that is externally fitted to the intermediate part of the hub body 7. An inner ring raceway 10b is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 8. Such an inner ring 8 is press-fitted and fitted into the small-diameter step portion 11 and is pressed against the step surface 13 of the small-diameter step portion 11 by a caulking portion 12 provided at the inner end portion of the hub body 7. . Such a caulking portion 12 is formed at the inner end portion of the hub body 7 at a portion protruding in the axial direction from the inner end surface of the inner ring 8 that is press-fitted (with interference fitting) at least into the small diameter step portion 11. The cylindrical portion 14 is formed by plastic deformation outward in the diametrical direction by a swing press process or the like.

又、上記複列の外輪軌道５ａ、５ｂと上記複列の内輪軌道１０ａ、１０ｂとの間に、それぞれが転動体である複数個ずつの円すいころ４、４を、それぞれ保持器１５、１５により転動自在に保持した状態で設けている。これにより、前記外輪２の内径側に前記ハブ３を、回転自在に支持している。尚、トラック等の重量の嵩む自動車用の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの場合には、上記転動体として上述の様な円すいころ４、４を使用するが、乗用車等の比較的重量の軽い自動車用の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの場合には、上記転動体として、玉を使用する場合が多い。   Further, a plurality of tapered rollers 4 and 4 each of which is a rolling element are provided between the double row outer ring raceways 5a and 5b and the double row inner ring raceways 10a and 10b by retainers 15 and 15, respectively. It is provided in a state where it can freely roll. Thereby, the hub 3 is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 2. In the case of a rolling bearing unit for supporting a wheel of an automobile such as a truck that has a heavy weight, the above-mentioned tapered rollers 4 and 4 are used as the rolling element, but for a relatively light automobile such as a passenger car. In the case of a rolling bearing unit for supporting a wheel, a ball is often used as the rolling element.

上述の様に構成する車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１を造るには、構成各部材を図３に示す様な状態に組み立ててから、上記ハブ本体７の内端部に形成した円筒状部１４を直径方向外方に塑性変形させて、上記かしめ部１２を形成する。このかしめ部１２の形成作業は、図４に示す様に、上記ハブ本体７の外端面を支持台１６の上面に載置した状態で、上記円筒状部１４を、特許請求の範囲に記載した加圧部材である押型１７で押圧する事により行なう。この押型１７の先端面（図４の下端面）中央部には、上記円筒状部１４の内側に押し込み自在な円すい台状の凸部１８を形成し、この凸部１８の周囲に断面円弧状の凹部１９を、この凸部１８の全周を囲む状態で形成している。この様な形状の凸部１８と凹部１９とを有する押型１７を上記円筒状部１４の先端部に押し付ければ、この円筒状部１４の先端部を直径方向外方にかしめ広げて、上記かしめ部１２を形成する事ができる。   In order to manufacture the wheel support rolling bearing unit 1 configured as described above, the constituent members are assembled in the state shown in FIG. The caulking portion 12 is formed by plastic deformation outward in the diameter direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the caulking portion 12 is formed with the cylindrical portion 14 in the state where the outer end surface of the hub body 7 is placed on the upper surface of the support base 16. It is performed by pressing with a pressing die 17 which is a pressing member. A conical convex portion 18 that can be pushed into the inside of the cylindrical portion 14 is formed at the center of the tip surface (lower end surface in FIG. 4) of the pressing die 17, and a circular arc section is formed around the convex portion 18. The concave portion 19 is formed so as to surround the entire circumference of the convex portion 18. If the pressing die 17 having the convex portion 18 and the concave portion 19 having such a shape is pressed against the distal end portion of the cylindrical portion 14, the distal end portion of the cylindrical portion 14 is caulked and spread outward in the diametrical direction. The part 12 can be formed.

上記押型１７の中心軸αは、上記ハブ本体７の中心軸βに対し、小さな（例えば１〜３度程度の）角度θだけ傾斜している。上記かしめ部１２の加工時に上記押型１７は、その中心軸αを上記ハブ本体７の中心軸βの回りで（歳差運動による中心軸の軌跡の如く）振れ回り運動させつつ、上記ハブ本体７に向け押し付けられる。この為、上記押型１７から上記円筒状部１４へは、軸方向に関して外端側に、径方向に関して外方に、それぞれ向いた荷重が加えられ、この様に荷重を加えられる部分が、上記円筒状部１４の円周方向に関して連続的に変化する。この結果、上記押型１７に加える力を特に大きくしなくても、上記円筒状部１４を塑性変形させて、良質のかしめ部１２を得られる。そして、この様にして得たかしめ部１２により上記内輪８の内端面を軸方向に抑え付ける事で、この内輪８を上記ハブ本体７に固定する。   A central axis α of the pressing die 17 is inclined with respect to a central axis β of the hub body 7 by a small angle θ (for example, about 1 to 3 degrees). When the caulking portion 12 is processed, the pressing die 17 is swung around the central axis β of the hub main body 7 (like the trajectory of the central axis due to precession), while the hub main body 7 It is pressed toward. For this reason, loads directed to the cylindrical portion 14 from the pressing die 17 are applied to the outer end side in the axial direction and outward in the radial direction, respectively. It changes continuously in the circumferential direction of the shaped part 14. As a result, even if the force applied to the pressing die 17 is not particularly increased, the cylindrical portion 14 is plastically deformed, and a high-quality caulking portion 12 can be obtained. Then, the inner ring 8 is fixed to the hub body 7 by pressing the inner end face of the inner ring 8 in the axial direction by the caulking portion 12 obtained in this way.

更に、前記特許文献３、５には、上記かしめ部１２の形成作業を、上述の様な揺動鍛造に代えて、回転鍛造により行なう場合に就いても記載されている。この回転鍛造を行なう場合には、図５に示す様に、ハブ本体７の外端部を支持軸受２０により回転自在に支持すると共に、外輪２を図示しない抑え治具等により抑え付けて、内輪８及び上記ハブ本体７が、この外輪２の内側で回転する事を自在とする。そして、このハブ本体７の内端部に設けた円筒状部１４の先端部の一部に、特許請求の範囲に記載した加圧部材であるロール２１の先端寄り部の外周面を強く押し付ける。このロール２１の先端寄り部外周面には、全周に亙り凹部２２を形成している。従って、この状態で、上記内輪８及びハブ本体７と上記ロール２１とを、それぞれの中心軸を中心として回転させれば、上記円筒状部１４の先端部を直径方向外方にかしめ広げて、上記かしめ部１２を形成する事ができる。   Further, Patent Documents 3 and 5 also describe the case where the forming operation of the caulking portion 12 is performed by rotary forging instead of the above-described swing forging. When performing this rotary forging, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer end portion of the hub body 7 is rotatably supported by a support bearing 20, and the outer ring 2 is held down by a holding jig (not shown). 8 and the hub body 7 can freely rotate inside the outer ring 2. Then, the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the roll 21 which is a pressure member described in the claims is strongly pressed against a part of the front end portion of the cylindrical portion 14 provided at the inner end portion of the hub body 7. On the outer peripheral surface near the tip of the roll 21, a recess 22 is formed over the entire periphery. Therefore, in this state, if the inner ring 8 and the hub body 7 and the roll 21 are rotated about their respective central axes, the tip end portion of the cylindrical portion 14 is caulked outward in the diametrical direction, The caulking portion 12 can be formed.

ハブ本体７の端部に形成した円筒状部１４を塑性変形させてかしめ部１２とすれば、この塑性変形作業を、図４に示す様な揺動鍛造で行なうにしても、図５に示す様な回転鍛造により行なうにしても、塑性変形に伴う加工硬化により、上記円筒状部１４の硬度に比べてかしめ部１２の硬度が高くなる。この様な加工硬化は、このかしめ部１２の強度並びに剛性を確保して、このかしめ部１２による上記内輪８の抑え力を確保し、完成後の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１の耐久性を確保する面からは好ましい。但し、この車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１の耐久性を十分に確保する為には、塑性変形後のかしめ部１２の強度が適正である事が必要になる。この強度は、このかしめ部１２の厚さ、硬度、亀裂等の欠陥の有無に影響される。厚さが大きい程、硬度が高い程、上記強度は大きくなり、欠陥が存在すると強度は低くなる。但し、上記円筒状部１４の厚さが過大になると、この円筒状部１４を十分に塑性変形させにくくなって、適正な形状及び寸法を有する上記かしめ部１２を得にくくなる。又、上記硬度も、単に高くするだけでなく、適正範囲に規制する必要がある。   If the cylindrical portion 14 formed at the end of the hub body 7 is plastically deformed to form the caulking portion 12, even if this plastic deformation operation is performed by swing forging as shown in FIG. 4, it is shown in FIG. Even if it is performed by such rotary forging, the hardness of the caulking portion 12 becomes higher than the hardness of the cylindrical portion 14 due to work hardening accompanying plastic deformation. Such work hardening secures the strength and rigidity of the caulking portion 12, secures the holding force of the inner ring 8 by the caulking portion 12, and ensures the durability of the wheel support rolling bearing unit 1 after completion. It is preferable from the aspect of doing. However, in order to sufficiently ensure the durability of the wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit 1, it is necessary that the strength of the caulking portion 12 after plastic deformation is appropriate. This strength is affected by the presence or absence of defects such as the thickness, hardness, and cracks of the caulking portion 12. The greater the thickness and the higher the hardness, the greater the strength, and the lower the strength if there are defects. However, when the thickness of the cylindrical portion 14 is excessive, it is difficult to sufficiently plastically deform the cylindrical portion 14 and it is difficult to obtain the caulking portion 12 having an appropriate shape and size. Moreover, it is necessary not only to increase the hardness but also to regulate the hardness within an appropriate range.

例えば、塑性変形前の上記円筒状部１４の硬度が低過ぎる結果、塑性変形後のかしめ部１２の硬度が低過ぎた場合には、このかしめ部１２の強度及び剛性が不足し、長期間に亙る使用に伴って上記内輪８の支持力が低下し、前記各円すいころ４、４に付与している予圧が低下若しくは喪失する。これに対して、塑性変形前の上記円筒状部１４の硬度が高過ぎる結果、塑性変形後のかしめ部１２の硬度が高過ぎた場合には、このかしめ部１２の靱性が低下し、車輪が縁石に乗り上げる等により、上記車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１に強い衝撃が加わった場合に、上記かしめ部１２に亀裂等の損傷を生じる可能性がある。この為従来は、上記塑性変形前の円筒状部１４の性状を適正に規制すると共に、前記押型１７或いは前記ロール２１により上記円筒状部１４を押圧する条件を適切に設定する事で、塑性変形後のかしめ部１２の性状が適正になる（適正硬度、適正寸法、無欠陥を実現する）様にしていた。個々のワーク（ハブ本体７の内端部に設けた円筒状部１４乃至かしめ部１２）毎に、塑性加工前に於ける上記円筒状部１４の適否、或いは、この円筒状部１４を塑性変形して成るかしめ部１２の適否を判定する事は行なっていなかった。   For example, if the hardness of the caulking portion 12 after plastic deformation is too low as a result of the hardness of the cylindrical portion 14 before plastic deformation being too low, the strength and rigidity of the caulking portion 12 is insufficient, and the The supporting force of the inner ring 8 is reduced with the use, and the preload applied to the tapered rollers 4 and 4 is reduced or lost. On the other hand, if the hardness of the cylindrical portion 14 before plastic deformation is too high, and the hardness of the caulking portion 12 after plastic deformation is too high, the toughness of the caulking portion 12 decreases, and the wheel When a strong impact is applied to the wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit 1 by riding on a curb or the like, the caulking portion 12 may be damaged such as a crack. For this reason, conventionally, the property of the cylindrical portion 14 before the plastic deformation is appropriately restricted, and the conditions for pressing the cylindrical portion 14 by the pressing die 17 or the roll 21 are appropriately set, thereby plastic deformation. The properties of the later caulking portion 12 were made appropriate (appropriate hardness, proper dimensions, and no defects). For each workpiece (cylindrical portion 14 to caulking portion 12 provided at the inner end of the hub main body 7), whether or not the cylindrical portion 14 is suitable before plastic working, or the cylindrical portion 14 is plastically deformed. The suitability of the caulking portion 12 formed as described above was not determined.

近年に於けるワークの品質安定性、加工条件の均一性からして、一般的には、塑性変形後のかしめ部１２の硬度を適正範囲に収める事は十分に可能である。但し、近年、品質保持に対する要求は、より厳しくなっており、自動車の安全性確保の面から重要な部品である、上記車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１の品質管理を、より厳密に行なう必要が生じる事も考えられる。そして、この様なより厳密な品質管理を行なう必要が生じた場合には、個々のワーク毎に、塑性加工前に於ける上記円筒状部１４の適否、或いは、この円筒状部１４を塑性変形して成るかしめ部１２の適否を判定する事が必要になるものと考えられる。   In general, it is sufficiently possible to keep the hardness of the caulking portion 12 after plastic deformation within an appropriate range in view of the quality stability of workpieces and the uniformity of processing conditions in recent years. However, in recent years, the requirement for maintaining quality has become more severe, and it is necessary to perform more strict quality control of the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit 1 which is an important part from the viewpoint of ensuring the safety of automobiles. Things can also be considered. When such more strict quality control is required, the suitability of the cylindrical portion 14 before plastic working or the plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion 14 is made for each workpiece. It is considered that it is necessary to determine whether or not the caulking portion 12 is formed.

特開２０００−８７９８０号公報JP 2000-87980 A 特開２０００−３１７５５２号公報JP 2000-317552 A 特開２０００−３４３９０５号公報JP 2000-343905 A 特開２００１−３９４５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-3945 特開２００３−８３３５３号公報JP 2003-83353 A

本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑みて、個々のワーク毎に、塑性加工前に於ける円筒状部の適否、延ては、この円筒状部を塑性変形して成るかしめ部の適否を判定できる、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法及び製造装置を実現すべく発明したものである。   In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention determines the suitability of a cylindrical portion before plastic working for each individual workpiece, and hence the suitability of a caulking portion formed by plastic deformation of this cylindrical portion. The invention was invented to realize a method and apparatus for manufacturing a wheel bearing rolling bearing unit that can be determined.

本発明の製造方法及び製造装置の対象となる車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットは、外径側軌道輪部材と、内径側軌道輪部材と、複数個の転動体とを備える。
このうちの外径側軌道輪部材は、内周面に第一、第二の外輪軌道を有する。
又、上記内径側軌道輪部材は、外周面に第一、第二の内輪軌道を有する。この為に、この内径側軌道輪部材は、中間部外周面に直接又は別の内輪を介して上記第一の内輪軌道を設けた軸部材と、外周面に上記第二の内輪軌道を設けた内輪とから成る。そして、この内輪は、上記軸部材の一端部に外嵌し、更にこの軸部材の一端部に設けた円筒状部を直径方向外方に塑性変形させる事で形成したかしめ部により軸方向一端面を抑え付けられて、上記軸部材に対し支持固定されている。
又、上記各転動体は、上記第一、第二の内輪軌道と上記第一、第二の外輪軌道との間に、それぞれ複数個ずつ、転動自在に設けられている。
本発明の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法及び製造装置は、上述の様な車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを造る為、加圧部材により上記円筒状部に、軸方向に関して他端側に、径方向に関して外方に、それぞれ向いた荷重を加える事により、上記円筒状部を塑性変形させて、上記かしめ部とする。 A wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit that is an object of the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes an outer diameter side race ring member, an inner diameter side race ring member, and a plurality of rolling elements.
Of these, the outer diameter side race ring member has first and second outer ring races on the inner peripheral surface.
The inner diameter side race ring member has first and second inner ring raceways on the outer peripheral surface. For this purpose, this inner diameter side race ring member is provided with the shaft member provided with the first inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate part directly or via another inner ring, and the second inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface. It consists of an inner ring. The inner ring is fitted to one end portion of the shaft member, and further, the end portion in the axial direction is formed by a caulking portion formed by plastically deforming a cylindrical portion provided at one end portion of the shaft member outward in the diameter direction Is supported and fixed to the shaft member.
Each of the rolling elements is provided in a freely rotatable manner between the first and second inner ring raceways and the first and second outer ring raceways.
The wheel support rolling bearing unit manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention have the above-mentioned cylindrical portion and the other end side in the axial direction by using a pressure member in order to produce the wheel supporting rolling bearing unit as described above. The cylindrical portion is plastically deformed by applying a load that is directed outwardly with respect to the direction to form the caulking portion.

特に、請求項１に記載した車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法に於いては、上記かしめ部の形成作業を行なう際に、上記軸部材の軸方向に関する上記加圧部材の変位速度を測定する。
この様な請求項１に記載した発明を実施する場合、具体的には、請求項２に記載した様に、上記測定した変位速度を予め設定しておいた閾値と比較する事により、上記かしめ部の良否を判定する。
又、請求項３に記載した車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造装置に於いては、上記かしめ部の形成作業を行なう際に、上記軸部材の軸方向に関する上記加圧部材の変位速度を測定する測定装置を備える。
この様な請求項３に記載した発明を実施する場合に、具体的には、請求項４に記載した様に、上記測定装置により測定した変位速度の大きさと予め設定しておいた閾値とを比較してかしめ部の良否を判定する判定器を備える。 In particular, in the method of manufacturing the wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit according to claim 1, the displacement speed of the pressure member in the axial direction of the shaft member is measured when the caulking portion is formed. .
When the invention described in claim 1 is carried out, specifically, as described in claim 2, the caulking is performed by comparing the measured displacement speed with a preset threshold value. The quality of the part is judged.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wheel support rolling bearing unit manufacturing apparatus, the displacement speed of the pressure member in the axial direction of the shaft member is measured when the caulking portion is formed. A measuring device is provided.
When carrying out the invention described in claim 3, specifically, as described in claim 4, the magnitude of the displacement speed measured by the measuring device and a preset threshold value are set. A determination device for determining whether the caulking portion is good or bad by comparison is provided.

上述の様に構成する本発明の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法及び製造装置によれば、個々のワーク（軸部材の一端部に設けた円筒状部乃至かしめ部）毎に、塑性加工前に於ける円筒状部の適否、延ては、この円筒状部を塑性変形して成るかしめ部の適否を判定できる。この為、自動車の安全性確保の面から重要な部品である、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの品質管理を、より厳密に行なう事ができる。   According to the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit of the present invention configured as described above, each workpiece (cylindrical portion or caulking portion provided at one end portion of the shaft member) is subjected to plastic working. In this case, it is possible to determine the suitability of the cylindrical portion and the suitability of the caulking portion formed by plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion. For this reason, quality control of the rolling bearing unit for supporting the wheel, which is an important part in ensuring the safety of the automobile, can be performed more strictly.

図１〜２は、本発明の実施の形態の１例を示している。車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａは、外径側軌道輪部材である外輪２ａの内径側に、内径側軌道輪部材であるハブ３ａを、それぞれが転動体である複数個の玉２３、２３により、回転自在に支持している。このうちの外輪２ａの内周面には、それぞれが断面円弧形である複列の外輪軌道５Ａ、５Ｂを形成すると共に、外周面に、この外輪２ａを懸架装置に支持固定する為の、外向フランジ状の取付部６ａを設けている。   1 and 2 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention. In the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit 1a, a hub 3a that is an inner diameter side race ring member is provided on an inner diameter side of an outer ring 2a that is an outer diameter side race ring member, and a plurality of balls 23 and 23, each of which is a rolling element, It is supported rotatably. Of these, on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 2a, double-row outer ring raceways 5A and 5B each having an arcuate cross section are formed, and on the outer peripheral surface, the outer ring 2a is supported and fixed to a suspension device. An outward flange-shaped mounting portion 6a is provided.

又、上記ハブ３ａは、軸部材であるハブ本体７ａと、内輪８ａとを組み合わせて成る。このうちのハブ本体７ａは、外周面の外端部に車輪を支持する為のフランジ９ａを、同じく中間部に外側の内輪軌道１０Ａを、同じく内端部にこの外側の内輪軌道１０Ａを形成した部分よりも小径の小径段部１１ａを、それぞれ形成している。又、上記内輪８ａの外周面には、内側の内輪軌道１０Ｂを設けている。この様な内輪８ａは、上記小径段部１１ａに圧入外嵌すると共に、上記ハブ本体７ａの内端部に設けたかしめ部１２ａにより、上記小径段部１１ａの段差面１３ａに向け抑え付けている。この様なかしめ部１２ａは、上記ハブ本体７ａの内端部で、少なくとも上記小径段部１１ａに圧入（締り嵌めで）外嵌した内輪８ａの内端面よりも軸方向に突出する部分に形成した円筒状部１４ａを、揺動プレス加工等により直径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成する。   The hub 3a is a combination of a hub body 7a, which is a shaft member, and an inner ring 8a. Of these, the hub body 7a has a flange 9a for supporting a wheel at the outer end portion of the outer peripheral surface, an inner ring raceway 10A on the outer side, and an outer ring raceway 10A on the inner end portion. Small-diameter step portions 11a each having a smaller diameter than the portion are formed. An inner ring raceway 10B is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 8a. Such an inner ring 8a is press-fitted to the small-diameter step portion 11a and is pressed against the step surface 13a of the small-diameter step portion 11a by a caulking portion 12a provided at the inner end portion of the hub body 7a. . Such a caulking portion 12a is formed at the inner end portion of the hub body 7a at a portion that protrudes in the axial direction from the inner end surface of the inner ring 8a that is externally press-fitted (by interference fitting) to at least the small-diameter step portion 11a. The cylindrical portion 14a is formed by plastic deformation outward in the diametrical direction by a swing press process or the like.

又、上記複列の外輪軌道５Ａ、５Ｂと上記複列の内輪軌道１０Ａ、１０Ｂとの間に、それぞれが転動体である複数個ずつの玉２３、２３を、それぞれ保持器１５ａ、１５ａにより転動自在に保持した状態で設けている。これにより、前記外輪２ａの内径側に前記ハブ３ａを、回転自在に支持している。   Further, a plurality of balls 23, 23, each of which is a rolling element, are rolled by the cages 15a, 15a between the double row outer ring raceways 5A, 5B and the double row inner ring raceways 10A, 10B. It is provided in a state of being held movably. Thus, the hub 3a is rotatably supported on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 2a.

上述の様に構成する車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａを造るには、構成各部材を図１に示す様な状態に組み立ててから、上記ハブ本体７ａの内端部に形成した円筒状部１４ａを直径方向外方に塑性変形させて、上記かしめ部１２ａを形成する。このかしめ部１２ａの形成作業を行なう為に、上記ハブ本体７ａの外端面を支持台１６ａの上面に載置した状態で、上記円筒状部１４ａを、特許請求の範囲に記載した加圧部材である押型１７ａで押圧する。そして、この押圧に基づいて上記円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形させる事で得た、上記かしめ部１２ａにより上記内輪８ａの内端面を軸方向に抑え付ける事で、この内輪８ａを上記ハブ本体７ａに固定する。上記押型１７ａの先端面に凸部１８ａ及び凹部１９ａを設けている点、この押型１７ａの中心軸αを上記ハブ本体７ａの中心軸βの回りで振れ回り運動させつつ、このハブ本体７ａに向け押し付ける点は、前述の図４に示した従来の製造方法及び製造装置の場合と同様である。   In order to manufacture the wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit 1a configured as described above, the constituent members are assembled in the state shown in FIG. 1, and then the cylindrical portion 14a formed on the inner end portion of the hub body 7a is formed. The caulking portion 12a is formed by plastic deformation outward in the diameter direction. In order to perform the forming operation of the caulking portion 12a, the cylindrical portion 14a is made of the pressure member described in the claims with the outer end surface of the hub body 7a placed on the upper surface of the support base 16a. Pressing with a certain pressing die 17a. Then, the inner ring 8a is pressed against the hub body 7a by pressing the inner end face of the inner ring 8a in the axial direction by the caulking part 12a obtained by plastically deforming the cylindrical part 14a based on this pressing. Fix it. The protrusion 18a and the recess 19a are provided on the tip surface of the pressing die 17a, and the center axis α of the pressing die 17a is swung around the central axis β of the hub main body 7a while facing the hub main body 7a. The point of pressing is the same as in the case of the conventional manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.

特に、本例の場合には、上記押型１７ａを揺動変位自在に支持した、プレス加工機のラム２４の下面から垂下した支持腕２５の下端部に、変位センサ２６を支持している。この変位センサ２６は、レーザ式、或いは静電容量式等の非接触式のもので、例えば前記取付部６ａの内側面（図１の上面）との関係で、上記ハブ本体７ａの軸方向に関する位置関係を測定する。上記押型１７ａにより上記円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形させ、上記かしめ部１２ａとする際には、この押型１７ａを揺動変位させつつ上記ラム２４を下方に変位させる。上記変位センサ２６は、上記軸方向に関する位置関係から、上記かしめ部１２ａを加工する際の、上記ラム２４の下降速度を求める。そして、この下降速度を、塑性加工前に於ける上記円筒状部１４ａの適否、延ては、この円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形して成る上記かしめ部１２ａの適否を判定する為に利用する。   In particular, in the case of this example, the displacement sensor 26 is supported on the lower end portion of the support arm 25 that hangs down from the lower surface of the ram 24 of the press machine and supports the pressing die 17a so as to be swingable and displaceable. This displacement sensor 26 is a non-contact type such as a laser type or a capacitance type, and relates to the axial direction of the hub body 7a in relation to the inner side surface (upper surface in FIG. 1) of the mounting portion 6a, for example. Measure the positional relationship. When the cylindrical portion 14a is plastically deformed by the pressing die 17a to form the caulking portion 12a, the ram 24 is displaced downward while the pressing die 17a is oscillating and displaced. The displacement sensor 26 obtains the descending speed of the ram 24 when machining the caulking portion 12a from the positional relationship in the axial direction. The descending speed is used to determine the suitability of the cylindrical portion 14a before plastic working, and hence the suitability of the caulking portion 12a formed by plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion 14a.

上記下降速度に基づいて上記円筒状部１４ａの適否、延ては、この円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形して成る上記かしめ部１２ａの適否（良否）を判定できる理由に就いて説明する。上記ラム２４の下降量は、上記円筒状部１４ａから上記かしめ部１２ａへの加工が進行する程多くなる。又、この円筒状部１４ａからこのかしめ部１２ａへの加工の進行速度、即ち、上記押型１７ａの下降速度は、上記円筒状部１４ａの性状（厚さ等の形状、硬度、亀裂等の欠陥の有無）が同じであればほぼ一定である。従って、この円筒状部１４の性状が、適正なかしめ部１２ａを得る為に適切な（正常な）ものであれば、上記下降速度はほぼ一定になる。これに対して、上記円筒状部１４ａの形状或いは硬度が不適切であったり、或いは亀裂等の欠陥が存在すると、上記下降速度が適正なかしめ部を得られる場合の下降速度からずれる。例えば、この下降速度は、その時点での円筒状部１４ａ乃至はかしめ部１２ａの硬度が低い（軟らかい）程速くなるので、上記下降速度を観察すれば、上記円筒状部１４ａの硬度、延ては、この円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形する事により得られる上記かしめ部１２ａの硬度が適正であるか否かを判定できる。   The reason why the cylindrical portion 14a can be determined based on the descending speed, and the reason why the crimped portion 12a formed by plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion 14a, can be determined. The descending amount of the ram 24 increases as the processing from the cylindrical portion 14a to the caulking portion 12a proceeds. Further, the processing speed from the cylindrical portion 14a to the caulking portion 12a, that is, the lowering speed of the pressing die 17a is determined by the properties of the cylindrical portion 14a (thickness and other shapes, hardness, cracks and other defects). It is almost constant if the presence or absence) is the same. Therefore, if the properties of the cylindrical portion 14 are appropriate (normal) for obtaining the proper caulking portion 12a, the descending speed becomes substantially constant. On the other hand, when the shape or hardness of the cylindrical portion 14a is inappropriate or there is a defect such as a crack, the descending speed deviates from the descending speed when an appropriate caulking portion can be obtained. For example, the lowering speed becomes faster as the hardness of the cylindrical portion 14a to the caulking portion 12a at that time is lower (softer), so if the lowering speed is observed, the hardness of the cylindrical portion 14a is increased. Can determine whether the hardness of the caulking portion 12a obtained by plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion 14a is appropriate.

図２は、塑性変形前の上記円筒状部１４ａの表面の硬度と、押型１７ａの下降速度（下降量／時間）との関係を示している。上記図２中の実線ａは硬度がＨｖ２００である場合を、破線ｂは硬度がＨｖ２４０である場合を、鎖線ｃは硬度がＨｖ２８０である場合を、それぞれ示している。この様な図２は、本発明者が、一般的な乗用車用の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａに関してＦＥＭ解析を行なった結果、得られたものである。勿論、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの大きさ、材質等が変化すれば、円筒状部の表面の硬度と押型の下降速度との関係は変化するが、硬度が低い程下降速度が速くなると言った傾向は変わらない。又、形状が不適切な場合でも、例えば上記円筒状部１４ａの径方向厚さが過大であれば上記下降速度は遅くなるし、逆に、過小であれば速くなる。更に、亀裂等の欠陥が存在すれば、この下降速度は速くなる。   FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the hardness of the surface of the cylindrical portion 14a before plastic deformation and the lowering speed (lowering amount / time) of the pressing die 17a. 2 represents the case where the hardness is Hv200, the broken line b represents the case where the hardness is Hv240, and the chain line c represents the case where the hardness is Hv280. FIG. 2 as described above is obtained as a result of the FEM analysis performed by the inventor on a wheel support rolling bearing unit 1a for a general passenger car. Of course, if the size, material, etc. of the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit change, the relationship between the surface hardness of the cylindrical part and the lowering speed of the die changes, but the lower the hardness, the higher the lowering speed. The trend does not change. Even if the shape is inappropriate, for example, if the thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 14a is excessive, the descending speed is slowed. Furthermore, if there is a defect such as a crack, the descending speed increases.

そこで、加工すべき車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａの仕様に応じて、実験或いはＦＥＭ解析により、形状、硬度が何れも適正であり、且つ、亀裂等の欠陥が存在しない場合に於ける上記下降速度（適正下降速度）を予め求めておけば、個々のワーク毎に前記ラム２４の下降速度を求め、この下降速度と上記適正下降速度とを比較する事により、上記円筒状部１４ａの適否、延ては、この円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形して成る上記かしめ部１２ａの適否を判定できる。即ち、前記変位センサ２６の測定値（及びこの測定値を表すデータを入力した演算器のタイマ）により、上記ラム２４の下降速度、延ては上記押型１７ａの下降速度を求められるので、求めた下降速度を、予め求めておいた上記適正下降速度と比較すれば、上記加工完了後の状態でのかしめ部１２ａの適否（良否）を判定できる。   Therefore, according to the specifications of the wheel support rolling bearing unit 1a to be processed, the above-described descending speed when the shape and hardness are both appropriate and no defect such as a crack exists by experiment or FEM analysis. If (appropriate descending speed) is obtained in advance, the descending speed of the ram 24 is obtained for each work, and the descending speed and the appropriate descending speed are compared to determine whether the cylindrical portion 14a is appropriate or not. Thus, the suitability of the caulking portion 12a formed by plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion 14a can be determined. That is, the measured value of the displacement sensor 26 (and the timer of the arithmetic unit that has input data representing the measured value) can be used to determine the descending speed of the ram 24 and hence the descending speed of the die 17a. By comparing the descending speed with the appropriate descending speed obtained in advance, it is possible to determine whether the caulking portion 12a is appropriate (good or bad) in the state after the completion of the machining.

本例の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法及び製造装置は、上述の様に、上記円筒状部１４ａの適否、延ては、この円筒状部１４ａを塑性変形して成る上記かしめ部１２ａの適否（良否）を判定できる。この為、自動車の安全性確保の面から重要な部品である、上記車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａの品質管理を、より厳密に行なう事ができる。又、別途品質管理の為の工程を設けなくても、不適正なかしめ部１２ａを有する上記車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａを出荷する事を防止できる。この為、品質を保証しつつ、この車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット１ａの製造コスト低減を図れる。   As described above, the method and apparatus for manufacturing the wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit of the present example are suitable for the cylindrical portion 14a, and, as a result, for the caulking portion 12a formed by plastic deformation of the cylindrical portion 14a. Appropriateness (good or bad) can be determined. For this reason, the quality control of the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit 1a, which is an important part from the viewpoint of ensuring the safety of the automobile, can be performed more strictly. Further, it is possible to prevent the rolling bearing unit 1a for supporting a wheel having the inappropriate caulking portion 12a from being shipped without providing a separate quality control process. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the wheel support rolling bearing unit 1a while assuring the quality.

以上の説明は、揺動鍛造によりかしめ部を加工する場合に就いて本発明を適用する場合に就いて行なった。これに対して本発明は、前述の図５に示した様な、回転鍛造によりかしめ部を加工する場合にも適用できる。回転鍛造に適用する場合には、ハブ本体の軸方向に関するロールの移動速度を測定し、この移動速度に基づいて、円筒状部の硬度、延ては、この円筒状部を塑性変形する事により得られる上記かしめ部の硬度が適正であるか否かを判定する。   The above description has been given for the case where the present invention is applied to the case where the caulking portion is processed by swing forging. On the other hand, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the caulking portion is processed by rotary forging as shown in FIG. When applied to rotary forging, the moving speed of the roll in the axial direction of the hub body is measured, and based on this moving speed, the hardness of the cylindrical portion is extended, and the cylindrical portion is plastically deformed. It is determined whether or not the obtained caulking portion has an appropriate hardness.

更に、以上の説明は、静止側軌道輪である外輪の内径側に、回転側軌道輪であるハブを回転自在に支持する構造に就いて本発明を実施する場合に就いて行なった。これに対して、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットとしては、回転しない内径側軌道輪部材の周囲に車輪と共に回転する外径側軌道輪部材を、複列に配置された転動体により支持した、所謂外輪回転型の構造も、従来から知られている。この様な外輪回転型の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの場合も、内径側軌道輪部材を構成する１対の部材同士の結合固定を、かしめ部により行なう場合がある。この様な構造に就いても本発明を適用できる事は勿論である。但し、かしめ部を設ける位置に関して、軸方向に関する内外は、内輪回転型の場合と逆になる。   Further, the above description has been made in the case of carrying out the present invention with respect to a structure in which a hub which is a rotation side raceway is rotatably supported on an inner diameter side of an outer race which is a stationary side raceway. On the other hand, as a wheel bearing rolling bearing unit, a so-called outer ring in which an outer diameter side bearing ring member that rotates together with a wheel around a non-rotating inner diameter side bearing ring member is supported by rolling elements arranged in a double row. A rotary structure is also conventionally known. In the case of such an outer ring rotating type wheel bearing rolling bearing unit as well, a pair of members constituting the inner diameter side race ring member may be coupled and fixed by a caulking portion. Of course, the present invention can be applied to such a structure. However, regarding the position where the caulking portion is provided, the inside and outside in the axial direction are opposite to the case of the inner ring rotating type.

本発明の実施の形態の１例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows one example of embodiment of this invention. 塑性変形前の円筒状部の硬度の相違が、押型の下降速度に及ぼす影響を示す線図。The diagram which shows the influence which the difference in the hardness of the cylindrical part before a plastic deformation has on the descent | fall speed of a stamping die. 従来から知られている、かしめ部を有する車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの１例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows an example of the rolling bearing unit for wheel support which has a crimping part known conventionally. かしめ部の加工方法の第１例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 1st example of the processing method of a crimping part. 同第２例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１、１ａ 車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニット
２、２ａ 外輪
３、３ａ ハブ
４ 円すいころ
５ａ、５ｂ、５Ａ、５Ｂ 外輪軌道
６、６ａ 取付部
７、７ａ ハブ本体
８、８ａ 内輪
９、９ａ フランジ
１０ａ、１０ｂ、１０Ａ、１０Ｂ 内輪軌道
１１、１１ａ 小径段部
１２、１２ａ かしめ部
１３、１３ａ 段差面
１４、１４ａ 円筒状部
１５、１５ａ 保持器
１６、１６ａ 支持台
１７、１７ａ 押型
１８、１８ａ 凸部
１９、１９ａ 凹部
２０ 支持軸受
２１ ロール
２２ 凹部
２３ 玉
２４ ラム
２５ 支持腕
２６ 変位センサ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a Rolling bearing unit for wheel support 2, 2a Outer ring 3, 3a Hub 4 Tapered roller 5a, 5b, 5A, 5B Outer ring raceway 6, 6a Mounting part 7, 7a Hub body 8, 8a Inner ring 9, 9a Flange 10a, 10b 10A, 10B Inner ring raceway 11, 11a Small diameter step portion 12, 12a Caulking portion 13, 13a Step surface 14, 14a Cylindrical portion 15, 15a Cage 16, 16a Support base 17, 17a Stamping die 18, 18a Protrusion portion 19, 19a Recess 20 Support bearing 21 Roll 22 Recess 23 Recess 23 Ball 24 Ram 25 Support arm 26 Displacement sensor

Claims (4)

内周面に第一、第二の外輪軌道を有する外径側軌道輪部材と、外周面に第一、第二の内輪軌道を有する内径側軌道輪部材と、これら第一、第二の内輪軌道と上記第一、第二の外輪軌道との間にそれぞれ複数個ずつ転動自在に設けられた転動体とを備え、上記内径側軌道輪部材は、中間部外周面に直接又は別の内輪を介して上記第一の内輪軌道を設けた軸部材と、外周面に上記第二の内輪軌道を設けた内輪とから成り、この内輪は、上記軸部材の一端部に外嵌し、更にこの軸部材の一端部に設けた円筒状部を直径方向外方に塑性変形させる事で形成したかしめ部により軸方向一端面を抑え付けられて、上記軸部材に対し支持固定されている車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを造る為、加圧部材により上記円筒状部に、軸方向に関して他端側に、径方向に関して外方に、それぞれ向いた荷重を加える事により上記円筒状部を塑性変形させて上記かしめ部とする車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法に於いて、このかしめ部の形成作業を行なう際に、上記軸部材の軸方向に関する上記加圧部材の変位速度を測定する事を特徴とする車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法。   An outer diameter side race ring member having first and second outer ring raceways on the inner peripheral surface, an inner diameter side race ring member having first and second inner ring raceways on the outer peripheral surface, and these first and second inner rings A plurality of rolling elements provided between the raceway and the first and second outer ring raceways, respectively, and the inner diameter side raceway ring member is directly or separately provided on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion. A shaft member provided with the first inner ring raceway and an inner ring provided with the second inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and the inner ring is externally fitted to one end of the shaft member. For wheel support, a cylindrical portion provided at one end of the shaft member is plastically deformed outward in the diametrical direction, and the one end surface in the axial direction is suppressed by a caulking portion, and is supported and fixed to the shaft member. In order to make a rolling bearing unit, the diameter is set to the cylindrical part by the pressure member and to the other end side in the axial direction. In the manufacturing method of the wheel-supporting rolling bearing unit in which the cylindrical portion is plastically deformed by applying a load that is directed outward in each direction to form the caulking portion, when the caulking portion is formed. And measuring the displacement speed of the pressure member with respect to the axial direction of the shaft member. 測定した変位速度を予め設定しておいた閾値と比較する事により、かしめ部の良否を判定する、請求項１に記載した車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造方法。   The manufacturing method of the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit according to claim 1, wherein the quality of the caulking portion is determined by comparing the measured displacement speed with a preset threshold value. 内周面に第一、第二の外輪軌道を有する外径側軌道輪部材と、外周面に第一、第二の内輪軌道を有する内径側軌道輪部材と、これら第一、第二の内輪軌道と上記第一、第二の外輪軌道との間にそれぞれ複数個ずつ転動自在に設けられた転動体とを備え、上記内径側軌道輪部材は、中間部外周面に直接又は別の内輪を介して上記第一の内輪軌道を設けた軸部材と、外周面に上記第二の内輪軌道を設けた内輪とから成り、この内輪は、上記軸部材の一端部に外嵌し、更にこの軸部材の一端部に設けた円筒状部を直径方向外方に塑性変形させる事で形成したかしめ部により軸方向一端面を抑え付けられて、上記軸部材に対し支持固定されている車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを造る為、上記円筒状部に、軸方向に関して他端側に、径方向に関して外方に、それぞれ向いた荷重を加える事により上記円筒状部を塑性変形させて上記かしめ部とする加圧部材を備えた車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造装置に於いて、このかしめ部の形成作業を行なう際に、上記軸部材の軸方向に関する上記加圧部材の変位速度を測定する測定装置を備えた事を特徴とする車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造装置。   An outer diameter side race ring member having first and second outer ring raceways on the inner peripheral surface, an inner diameter side race ring member having first and second inner ring raceways on the outer peripheral surface, and these first and second inner rings A plurality of rolling elements provided between the raceway and the first and second outer ring raceways, respectively, and the inner diameter side raceway ring member is directly or separately provided on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion. A shaft member provided with the first inner ring raceway and an inner ring provided with the second inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and the inner ring is externally fitted to one end of the shaft member. For wheel support, a cylindrical portion provided at one end of the shaft member is plastically deformed outward in the diametrical direction, and the one end surface in the axial direction is suppressed by a caulking portion, and is supported and fixed to the shaft member. In order to make a rolling bearing unit, the cylindrical part is provided on the other end side in the axial direction and externally in the radial direction. In addition, in the manufacturing apparatus of the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit provided with the pressurizing member that plastically deforms the cylindrical portion by applying a load that is directed to each other, the forming operation of the caulking portion is performed. An apparatus for manufacturing a rolling bearing unit for supporting a wheel, comprising: a measuring device that measures a displacement speed of the pressure member with respect to an axial direction of the shaft member when performing. 測定装置により測定した変位速度の大きさと予め設定しておいた閾値とを比較してかしめ部の良否を判定する判定器を備えた、請求項３に記載した車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットの製造装置。   The wheel support rolling bearing unit manufacturing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a determination device that compares the magnitude of the displacement speed measured by the measuring device with a preset threshold value to determine whether the caulking portion is good or bad. .
JP2006149418A 2006-05-30 2006-05-30 Method and device of manufacturing rolling bearing unit for supporting wheel Pending JP2007319865A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009139137A1 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Ntn株式会社 Method for forming a wheel bearing device
JP6551634B1 (en) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-31 日本精工株式会社 Hub unit bearing manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus, vehicle manufacturing method
JP2019141887A (en) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-29 光洋サーモシステム株式会社 Caulking deformation amount setting method and manufacturing method of caulking coupling structure
CN117862335A (en) * 2024-03-13 2024-04-12 潍坊埃锐制动系统有限公司 Blanking die for ABS holes of brake bottom plate

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009139137A1 (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-19 Ntn株式会社 Method for forming a wheel bearing device
JP2009274515A (en) * 2008-05-13 2009-11-26 Ntn Corp Method for machining wheel bearing device
US8631581B2 (en) 2008-05-13 2014-01-21 Ntn Corporation Method for forming a wheel bearing apparatus
JP6551634B1 (en) * 2018-01-10 2019-07-31 日本精工株式会社 Hub unit bearing manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus, vehicle manufacturing method
JP2019141887A (en) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-29 光洋サーモシステム株式会社 Caulking deformation amount setting method and manufacturing method of caulking coupling structure
CN117862335A (en) * 2024-03-13 2024-04-12 潍坊埃锐制动系统有限公司 Blanking die for ABS holes of brake bottom plate
CN117862335B (en) * 2024-03-13 2024-06-04 潍坊埃锐制动系统有限公司 Blanking die for ABS holes of brake bottom plate

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