JP2007288875A - Generator for bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generator for bicycle which prevents breakage of a lamp, etc. by energizing winding for magnetic intensity control, thereby adjusting the voltage of generated power to be a specified voltage or lower. <P>SOLUTION: A stator 2 comprises a permeable member 4, arranged on a spindle 3 and winding 5 wound up on the hollow part 9 of the permeable member 4. A rotor 1 comprises a housing 6, which is arranged on the spindle 3 rotatably around the permeable member 4, and a permanent magnet member 7 which is fixed to it. The winding 5 comprises a generating winding 10 which is wound severally in the same direction, winding 11 for magnetic intensity control which is positioned on its inside, and the generating winding 10 and the winding 11 for magnetic intensity control are connected severally to a load via switches 12. This generator for bicycle generates a predetermined specified voltage, by switching on the switches 12, in response to the elevation of voltage over a specified value due to the rise in revolution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a bicycle generator for lighting a bicycle lamp, for example.

  Conventionally, a bicycle generator is configured by forming a U-shaped narrow plate on the outer periphery of the rotor of the generator as a permeable magnetic pole that constitutes an N pole and an S pole, and an N pole and an S pole on the inner side. This combination is arranged in a cylindrical shape, winding the coil around the inner cylinder, and rotating the outer permanent magnet to create an alternating current by concentrating the magnetic flux on the inner cylinder. ing.

As a power supply device for a bicycle, a device that converts an alternating current output from a bicycle generator into a direct current so that it can be stably supplied to an electric device with a sufficient voltage is known. The bicycle power supply device converts an alternating current output from an alternating current generator installed in a bicycle into a direct current, and includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and a full-wave voltage doubler rectifier circuit. And a first output terminal and a second output terminal. The first input terminal is connected to the other end of the AC power generator. The full-wave voltage doubler rectifier circuit is connected to both input terminals, and can store and output a DC voltage that is twice the input voltage. Both output terminals output the voltage stored in the full-wave voltage doubler rectifier circuit. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
JP 2001-245475 A

However, as described above, in the type of generator that creates an alternating current using a rotor with a permanent magnet, the voltage increases as the rotational speed increases, and the voltage decreases as the rotational speed is small. Therefore, when the speed of the bicycle changes from 4 km / hr to 70 km / hr, the generated voltage fluctuates greatly. Therefore, the lamp that is lit by the power generated by the bicycle generator cannot follow the generated voltage and is damaged.
That is, the power generation voltage E0 of the generator is expressed by the following equation: E0 = 4.44 · φ · f · Ws
Here, E0: no-load power generation voltage, φ: strength of magnetic force, f: frequency, Ws: number of winding turns Since frequency f is a function of the number of revolutions, the speed of the bicycle is from 4 km / hr to 70 km / When it changes to hr, the frequency f becomes 17 times and the voltage becomes 17 times.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above problem by generating a weak magnetic field that reduces the magnetic force of the magnet when the voltage of the generated power rises, and reducing the magnetic force at a high speed by reducing the magnetic force. In order to suppress the voltage, a weak flux winding or magnetic force control coil that generates a magnetic field for the power generation winding, which is the main winding, is incorporated, and a stable predetermined voltage is always obtained following the fluctuation speed of the bicycle. Thus, a bicycle generator that prevents the lamp from being damaged is provided.

The present invention comprises a stator fixed to a support shaft supported by a support such as a frame, and a rotor composed of a permanent magnet member having a plurality of permanent magnet pieces rotatably disposed outside the stator. In bicycle generators,
The stator includes a magnetically permeable member having a hollow portion fixed on the support shaft, and a winding wound around the hollow portion of the magnetically permeable member, and the rotor includes an outer periphery of the magnetically permeable member. And a permanent magnet fixed to the housing by changing the magnetic poles alternately in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the housing. The permanent magnet member having a piece, and a magnetic induction member having good magnetic permeability attached to an inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet member between the permanent magnet member and the magnetically permeable member, A power generation winding wound in one direction located on the outside, and the power generation winding is wound in the same direction and is composed of a magnetic force control winding located on the inner side with a predetermined electrical resistor connected in series; Said power winding Ends of both ends and the force control winding, relates to a bicycle generator, characterized in that it is connected via a switch.

  Further, the magnetically permeable member is bent so that the winding is wound around the outer periphery of a plurality of U-shaped plate members arranged in the circumferential direction and both ends of the U-shaped member extend along the permanent magnet pieces. Thus, a permeable magnetic pole is formed. The U-shaped plate member is produced by bending a laminated plate member obtained by laminating sheets made of mild steel or silicon steel plate into a U-shape.

  The magnetic force control winding has a smaller number of turns than the power generation winding, and the sum of the resistance value of the resistor and the resistance value of the magnetic force control winding is set smaller than the resistance value of the power generation winding. .

  In this bicycle generator, the width of the permanent magnet piece is made larger than the width of the permeable magnetic pole formed at the end of the magnetically permeable member, a gap is formed between the permanent magnet pieces, and the magnetic induction A member is disposed inside the permanent magnet piece with a width corresponding to the width of the permeable magnetic pole, and the adjacent magnetic induction members are connected in a cylindrical shape with a nonmagnetic material.

  Further, in this bicycle generator, the switch is turned on in response to a predetermined voltage or more generated by the power generation winding, the magnetic force control winding is energized, and the magnetic flux of the power generation winding is changed. In other words, the generated voltage is suppressed to a predetermined voltage or less.

  The support for supporting the spindle is a front fork, a seat stay or a chain stay, and the housing is a hub constituting a drive wheel to which a spoke is attached.

The present invention also relates to a rotor constituted by a stator fixed to a support shaft supported by a support such as a frame, and a permanent magnet member having a plurality of permanent magnet pieces rotatably disposed outside the stator. In a bicycle generator consisting of
The stator includes a magnetically permeable member having a hollow portion fixed on the support shaft, and a winding wound around the hollow portion of the magnetically permeable member, and the rotor includes an outer periphery of the magnetically permeable member. And a permanent magnet fixed to the housing by changing the magnetic poles alternately in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the housing. The permanent magnet member having a piece, and a magnetic induction member having good magnetic permeability attached to an inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet member between the permanent magnet member and the magnetically permeable member, Connected to the load via the first switch to the first lead wire from the end, and connected to the load via the second switch and electric resistor to the second lead wire from the middle point of the number of turns. Responds above a specified voltage The first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned on, and the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off in response to a predetermined voltage or less to generate a predetermined voltage. The present invention relates to a bicycle generator.

  Since this bicycle generator is configured as described above, when the speed of the bicycle increases and the rotational speed of the housing, that is, the drive wheel exceeds the predetermined rotational speed, that is, exceeds the predetermined voltage, the rotational speed increases. In response to the voltage that rises in response to this, a switch such as a transistor switch is turned ON, or the switch is turned ON / OFF to generate a weaker magnetic flux in the magnetic force control winding. The magnetic flux of the power generation winding is suppressed, the power generation voltage is suppressed and adjusted to a predetermined power generation voltage determined in advance, thereby preventing the bicycle lamp from being damaged.

  Embodiments of a bicycle generator according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The bicycle generator according to the present invention comprises a stator 2 fixed to a support shaft 3 supported by a support (not shown), and a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 8 arranged in a circular manner so as to be rotatable outside the stator 2. The rotor 1 is composed of permanent magnet members 7 arranged in a circumferential shape. The stator 2 includes a magnetically permeable member 4 having a hollow portion 9 disposed on a support shaft 3 and a winding 5 wound up on the hollow portion 9 of the magnetically permeable member 4. The rotor 1 is disposed on the outer periphery of the magnetically permeable member 4 and is disposed between the housing 6 and the magnetically permeable member 4 between the housing 6 and the housing 6 that are rotatably disposed on the support shaft 3 via bearings 22. On the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet member 8 between the permanent magnet member 7 and the magnetically permeable member 4 of the stator 2, and the permanent magnet member 7 having the permanent magnet pieces 8 fixed to the housing 6 by alternately changing the magnetic poles. It is comprised from the attached magnetic induction member 20 with sufficient magnetic permeability. The permanent magnet piece 8 is a circular or rectangular plate material, and is fixed to the inside of the cylindrical housing 6 by pasting or embedding. In this embodiment, the support shaft 3 is supported by a front fork, a seat stay, or a chain stay (not shown). The housing 6 constitutes a hub constituting a drive wheel (not shown) to which a large number of spokes (not shown) are attached.

  In this bicycle generator, in particular, the winding 5 is wound in the same direction as the generator winding 10 which is the main winding wound in one direction located on the outer side and the generator winding 10 and has the main number of turns. The winding 5 is composed of a magnetic flux control winding 11 that constitutes a flux for weakening magnetic flux in which fewer than the windings are located inside. Further, as shown in FIG. Both ends and both ends of the magnetic force control winding 11 are connected to a load via a switch 12 composed of a transistor 25, and an electric resistor 13 is connected from the magnetic force control winding 11. The switch 12 is turned on in response to the voltage exceeding a predetermined value, and the generated voltage is controlled within a predetermined range.

  The magnetically permeable member 4 in the stator 2 can be manufactured as shown in FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 3C, a laminated plate 24 made of mild steel or silicon steel plate is prepared, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the plate 24 is folded into a U-shape. A plate member 14 is formed. Next, a plurality of U-shaped plate members 14, in particular, a central connecting portion 17 are arranged in a circumferential direction so as to form a circular shape, and a small cylindrical portion 19 is formed at the center. Therefore, first, the magnetic force control winding 11 of the winding 5 is wound around the outer periphery of the small cylindrical portion 19 formed of the U-shaped plate member 14, and then the power generation winding 10 is wound around the outer periphery of the magnetic force control winding 11. Roll up. Next, as shown in FIG. 3A in which the winding 5 is omitted, both ends of the U-shaped member 14 are bent so as to extend along the permanent magnet pieces 8 respectively, and a pair of permeable magnetic poles 15 are thus formed. , 16 are formed. Magnetically permeable magnetic poles 15 and 16 formed by bending both ends of the U-shaped member 14 so that the surface magnetic flux of the permanent magnet piece 8 is opposed to the pole facing the N pole side and the pole facing the S pole side. It is arranged adjacent to. That is, the magnetically permeable member 4 is formed of magnetically permeable magnetic poles 15 and 16 that extend opposite to the permanent magnet piece 8, leg portions 18 that respectively extend from both, and a connecting portion 17 that connects both the leg portions 18. Therefore, a plurality of connecting portions 17 are arranged in a circular shape, and the winding 5 is wound around the outer periphery thereof. In the magnetically permeable member 4, a plurality of U-shaped plate members 14 arranged in the circumferential direction have circular connecting portions 17 to form a small cylindrical portion 19 that is a hollow central shaft, and the small cylindrical portion 19 is a supporting shaft 3. It will be fixed to the outer periphery of.

  Further, in this bicycle generator, the magnetic force control winding 11 has a wire diameter smaller than that of the power generation winding 10 and a resistance value 10 to 30 times that of the power generation winding 10. When the resistance value cannot be met by the winding, the resistor 13 is connected. The switch 12 of the transistor 25 is set so that the base 26 of the transistor 25 is activated when the voltage across the generator winding 10 becomes a predetermined amount greater than a predetermined rated voltage. When the voltage at both ends of the generator winding 10 becomes larger than the rated voltage by a predetermined amount, if a current flows through the base 26 of the transistor 25, a weak magnetic field current flows through the transistor 25, and the connecting portion 17 of the magnetically permeable member 4 A magnetic force opposite to the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet member 7 is generated in the formed small cylindrical portion 19 of the central axis. The weakening magnetic field current generated in the magnetic force control winding 11 is consumed by the winding 10.

  Further, the bicycle generator is formed such that the width of the permanent magnet piece 8 is larger than the width of the permeable magnetic poles 15, 16 formed at the end of the permeable member 4, and between the permeable magnetic poles 15, 16. The gap 23 is arranged to be 1 to 2 mm larger than the gap 21 between the permanent magnet pieces 8. On the inner side of the plate-like permanent magnet piece 8 in the permanent magnet member 7, a magnetically permeable member 20 having a good permeability corresponding to the width of the permeable magnetic poles 15 and 16 is arranged inside the permanent magnet piece 8. . A gap 27 between the adjacent magnetic induction members 20, a gap 21 between the adjacent permanent magnet pieces 8, and a gap 23 between the adjacent permeable magnetic poles 15, 16 are filled with a nonmagnetic material, respectively. The adjacent magnetic induction member 20, the adjacent permanent magnet piece 8, and the adjacent permeable magnetic poles 15 and 16 are connected to each other and formed in a cylindrical shape. The magnetic induction member 20 is formed to be smaller than the width of the permanent magnet piece 8 along the inner side of the permanent magnet piece 8 constituting the permanent magnet member 7, collects the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and the magnetic permeability member 4 on the stator 2 side. In order to function to send a strong magnetic force to the permeable magnetic poles 15, 16, it is disposed inside the permanent magnet piece 8. By installing the magnetic induction member 20 inside the permanent magnet piece 8, the distance between the adjacent N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet piece 8 can be reduced. Large in the direction.

  Further, the switch 12 of the transistor 25, that is, the transistor switch 12, is turned on in response to the power generation voltage generated by the power generation winding 10 exceeding a predetermined value, and when the transistor switch 12 is turned on, power is generated by the power generation winding 10. With respect to the generated voltage, a magnetic force in the reverse direction is generated in the stator core, that is, the connecting portion 17 by the current flowing in the magnetic force control winding 11 in the reverse direction, so that the magnetic flux is suppressed and the generated voltage is reduced to a predetermined voltage or less. It is suppressed. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the bicycle speed is 4 km / hr, the voltage generated by the bicycle generator is below a predetermined voltage, so the transistor switch 12 is not turned on. In the OFF state, only the power generation winding 10 is working. When the bicycle speed is 10 km / hr, 15 km / hr, 20 km / hr, 25 km / hr, the voltage generated by the bicycle generator exceeds a predetermined voltage, so the transistor switch 12 is turned on. The magnetic force control winding 11 is energized, and as shown by the dotted line, a weak magnetic field acts on the magnetic field generated in the power generation winding 10 and is suppressed to a predetermined voltage or lower. That is, since the number of turns of the magnetic force control winding 11 is smaller than the number of turns of the power generation winding 10, the voltage of the power generation winding 10 is high and can enter the weak magnetic field side.

  Further, in this bicycle generator, when the transistor switch 12 is turned on and the magnetic force control winding 11 is turned on to apply a weak magnetic force, the magnetic lines generated from the permanent magnet piece 8 are made of a magnetically permeable magnetic induction member 20. Therefore, the above control can be performed without decreasing the magnetic force of the permanent magnet piece 8. Power generation efficiency can be increased by disposing a plastic having a large magnetic resistance between the magnetic induction members 20.

  Next, another embodiment of the winding of the bicycle generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the winding 5 is connected to a load 32 via a switch 30 (first switch) to a lead line 28 (first lead line) from the end thereof, and from the intermediate point 33 of the number of turns. A lead wire 29 (second lead wire) is connected to a load 32 via a switch 31 (second switch) and an electric resistor 34, and both lead wires 28 and 29 are connected to a load 27. In this bicycle generator, the switch 30 is turned OFF and the switch 31 is turned ON in response to a predetermined voltage or higher, and the switch 30 is turned ON and the switch 31 is turned OFF in response to a predetermined voltage or lower. Configure as follows. By configuring the winding 5 as described above, a function equivalent to that of the above-described embodiment configured by the power generation winding 10 and the magnetic force control winding 11 can be achieved. That is, in this bicycle generator, the winding 5 functions as the power generation winding 10 when the switch 30 is ON, and the number of windings is small when the switch 31 is ON. Further, since power is supplied to the load 32 via the load resistor for voltage adjustment, these components are in a state where the magnetic force control winding 11 is energized and the voltage is controlled. Become.

  The bicycle generator according to the present invention can be applied to a generator that supplies electric power to be supplied to a bicycle lamp or the like.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows one Example of the generator for bicycles by this invention. It is sectional drawing of this generator for bicycles. This is a permeable member constituting a stator in this bicycle generator, (A) shows the completed shape of the permeable member, and (B) shows a U-shaped plate member that is an intermediate product of the permeable member. It is shown and (C) is a perspective view which shows the board | plate material which is the raw material of a magnetic-permeable member. It is a circuit diagram which shows one Example of the winding connection state in this bicycle generator. It is a graph which shows the electric power generation characteristic in this generator for bicycles. It is a circuit diagram which shows another Example of the winding connection state in this generator for bicycles.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotor 2 Stator 3 Support shaft 4 Permeable member 5 Winding 6 Housing 7 Permanent magnet member 8 Permanent magnet piece 9 Hollow part 10 Power generation winding 11 Magnetic force control winding 12 Switch 13, 34 Electrical resistor 14 U-shaped member 15, 16 Magnetic permeable magnetic pole 20 Magnetic induction member 21, 23, 27 Gap 24 Plate material 25 Transistor 28 Lead line (first lead line)
29 Leader (second leader)
30 switch (first switch)
31 switch (second switch)
32 Load 33 Intermediate point

Claims (8)

Bicycle generator comprising a stator fixed to a support shaft supported by a support such as a frame, and a rotor composed of a permanent magnet member rotatably arranged outside the stator and having a plurality of permanent magnet pieces In
The stator is composed of a magnetically permeable member having a hollow portion fixed on the support shaft, and a winding wound around the hollow portion of the magnetically permeable member,
The rotor includes a housing that constitutes a yoke that is disposed on the outer periphery of the magnetically permeable member and that is rotatably disposed on the support shaft, and the magnetic poles are alternately changed in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the housing. The permanent magnet member having the permanent magnet piece fixed to the housing and the magnetic induction with good magnetic permeability attached to the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet member between the permanent magnet member and the magnetically permeable member Composed of parts,
The winding includes a power generation winding wound in one direction located on the outer side, and a magnetic force control winding wound in the same direction as the power generation winding and located on the inner side with a predetermined electrical resistor connected in series. Composed of lines,
Both ends of the power generation winding and both ends of the magnetic force control winding are connected via a switch, respectively. The magnetically permeable member is formed by winding the winding around the outer periphery of a plurality of U-shaped plate members arranged in the circumferential direction and bending both ends of the U-shaped member so as to extend along the permanent magnet pieces. The bicycle generator according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic pole is formed. The bicycle generator according to claim 2, wherein the U-shaped plate member is produced by bending a laminated plate member obtained by laminating plates made of mild steel or silicon steel plate into a U-shape. The magnetic force control winding has fewer turns than the power generation winding, and the sum of the resistance value of the resistor and the resistance value of the magnetic force control winding is set to be smaller than the resistance value of the power generation winding. The bicycle generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the generator is a bicycle generator. The width of the permanent magnet piece is made larger than the width of the permeable magnetic pole formed at the end of the magnetically permeable member, a gap is formed between the permanent magnet pieces, and the magnetic induction member is 5. The device according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic induction member is disposed inside by a width corresponding to the width of the magnetically permeable magnetic pole, and the adjacent magnetic induction members are connected in a cylindrical shape with a nonmagnetic material. The bicycle generator described in 1. The transistor switch is turned on in response to a power generation voltage generated by the power generation winding exceeding a predetermined value, the magnetic force control winding is energized to suppress the magnetic flux of the power generation winding, and the power generation voltage is The bicycle generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the generator is suppressed to a predetermined voltage or less that is determined in advance. The said support body which supports the said spindle is a front fork, a seat stay, or a chain stay, The said housing is a hub which comprises the drive wheel to which the spoke was attached, The one of Claims 1-6 The bicycle generator according to item 1. Bicycle generator comprising a stator fixed to a support shaft supported by a support such as a frame, and a rotor composed of a permanent magnet member rotatably arranged outside the stator and having a plurality of permanent magnet pieces In
The stator is composed of a magnetically permeable member having a hollow portion fixed on the support shaft, and a winding wound around the hollow portion of the magnetically permeable member,
The rotor includes a housing that constitutes a yoke that is disposed on the outer periphery of the magnetically permeable member and that is rotatably disposed on the support shaft, and the magnetic poles are alternately changed in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the housing. The permanent magnet member having the permanent magnet piece fixed to the housing and the magnetic induction with good magnetic permeability attached to the inner peripheral surface of the permanent magnet member between the permanent magnet member and the magnetically permeable member Composed of parts,
The winding is connected to the load via the first switch to the first lead wire from the end, and to the load via the second switch and the electric resistor to the second lead wire from the middle point of the number of turns. And
The first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned on in response to a predetermined voltage or higher, and the first switch is turned on and the second switch is turned off in response to a predetermined voltage or lower. And generating a predetermined voltage determined in advance.

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