JP2007282558A - Liana cultivation device, and liana cultivation method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liana cultivation device having an easy structure enabling drawing out and automatically shifting a linear material to the horizontal direction, and to provide a liana cultivation method using the liana cultivation device and designed for efficiency and energy-saving. <P>SOLUTION: This liana cultivation device 1 has a bobbin 3 which is wound with a linear material, a wheel 5 which can move on an orbit constructed on the upper side and rotates unitedly with the bobbin, a support body which supports the bobbin and the wheel, a wheel stopping tool 71 which stops the wheel at an appropriate position, and a buffer forming body which is arranged below the support body and buffers drawing of the linear material. The linear material S descends through the buffer forming body to fix liana vines. The liana cultivation method using the liana cultivation device is also provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for cultivating a plant having a vine, such as a tomato, and an improvement of a vine plant cultivation method using the same.

In cultivation of plants having vines such as tomatoes, the highest quality can be harvested by growing the vines by entwining them with string or rope. A single vine grows all year round and can be harvested, so it is necessary to lower it as much as it grows. If it is left as it is, the harvest will exceed the operator's eye level, so it is necessary to manually extend the arm, stretch the back, use a step platform, etc.
In order to cope with this, for example, there are those described in the following patent documents. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228707 proposes a crop tree cutting device that feeds a crop support cord 9 wound around a spool 8 by rotating the spool 8.
Further, Patent Document 2 proposes a vine winding string support for lowering and extending the vine winding string 5 wound around the reel 11 by a predetermined length.

JP-A-55-138335 JP 2000-324955 A

In any of the above-mentioned patent documents, it is effective to roll out the crop support cord or the winding string corresponding to the string, but if the string is only unwound, it will wind up and accumulate on the bottom. It is necessary to lift the device and the whole vine by hand and move it horizontally.
The weight of the whole vine plant usually reaches 5 to 6 kg, and the number and the harvest frequency are large. And because the amount of shift movement at that time is done by eye measurement or intuition, pulling the root too much or pulling the root may cause the puddle to remain below due to insufficient pulling, the vine breaks when the string is suddenly lowered, etc. There are many troubles.
On the other hand, the present invention is capable of feeding out a linear material such as a string and automatically shifting it in the horizontal direction without lifting the device and the whole vine plant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vine plant cultivation apparatus having a simple structure and a vine plant cultivation method that can be efficiently and labor-saving using the same, in which a linear material descends slowly and a vine does not break.

to this end,
In the first aspect of the present invention, the bobbin around which the linear material is wound, the wheel that can move on the track that is installed above and rotates integrally with the bobbin, the bobbin, and the wheel This has been solved by a vine plant cultivation apparatus comprising a support body for supporting the wheel and a wheel stopper for stopping the wheel at an appropriate position.
In the invention described in claim 2, a buffer structure for buffering the feeding of the linear material is disposed below the support, and the linear material descends through the buffer structure to cause the vine plant vine. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vine plant cultivation apparatus is fixed.
In the invention according to claim 3, the wheel that rotates and moves on the wire or the rail and the bobbin around which the linear material is wound are detachably integrally supported on the support body, and A trunk in which the linear member is spirally wound is disposed below a support, and the linear member is fixed to a vine of a vine through a guide slit formed in the lower part of the trunk. It can be set as the vine plant cultivation apparatus of 1 or 2.
In the invention according to claim 4, the buffer structure is a body in which a guide slit is formed in the lower part and the linear member is wound spirally, and the bobbin has a cylindrical sliding part and a strip at one end. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a small drum and a shaft portion provided with projecting wings are disposed, and a wheel is interposed between the supports to rotate integrally with the wheel. It can be.
In the invention according to claim 5, the linear material is formed in a loop shape, and is held by the bobbin so that the wheel moves on the track and simultaneously performs feeding and recovery, and on the descending side of the linear material. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vine plant is fixed, the vine is fixed in the vicinity of the lower end of the loop shape, and the linear material is repeatedly used.

In the invention according to claim 6, the linear material descending from the bobbin wound with the linear material rotating integrally with the wheel movable along the track via the buffer structure The problem has been solved by a vine plant cultivation method in which a plant vine is fixed and the height of the vine plant is adjusted by moving the wheel according to the growth of the vine.
In the invention according to claim 7, the linear member is formed in a looped shape with the descending part unwound from the bobbin and the descending part in the vicinity of the saddle surface, and the upper end is above the descending part. It consists of a rising part that is connected to the terminal and is wound around the hobbin, the vine plant vine is fixed to the descending part of the linear material, and the vine is fixed to the rising part to release the vine. It can be set as the vine plant cultivation method of Claim 6 which circulates and uses a material repeatedly.

  According to the vine plant cultivation apparatus and the vine plant cultivation method of the present invention, a linear material such as a string can be fed out with a simple apparatus and can be automatically shifted in the horizontal direction without lifting the apparatus and the entire vine plant. The amount of movement of the shift is set to a predetermined amount, so that there is no excessive pulling and shortage of the wire material, and there is no possibility that the vine breaks, so that efficient and labor saving can be achieved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a usage state of the first example of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of each component of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 3 is an assembled perspective view of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1.
4 is an assembly diagram of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 and is a side sectional view, a back view, and a bottom view.
FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory view showing a part of the usage state of the second example of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention.
6 is an exploded perspective view of a part of the components of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 7 is an assembled view of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 5, and is a side view and a back view.
FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view showing another use state of the first example of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory view showing three examples of deformation around the trunk of the first example of the vine plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, and is a first modified example to a third modified example.
In the following, the vine plant cultivating apparatus of the present invention is moved by a wheel substantially horizontally with the growth of the harvest, but the side on which the bobbin protrudes is the front side with respect to the track such as the wire or rail on which the wheel rolls. The wheel side will be the rear side, the front side of the vine plant cultivation apparatus will be the upstream side, the rear side of the movement will be the downstream side, the surface side where the vine plants are planted will be the lower side, and the track side will be the upper side.

First, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the configuration of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 of the first example of the present invention will be described.
The vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 includes a support 2, a bobbin 3, a holder 4, a wheel 5, a fixing tool 6, a wheel stop tool 7, and a linear material S.
The support column 2 is composed of a long hollow cylindrical body 21 that forms a cushioning structure below, and a support body 22 that is fixed to the upper end of the body 21 and has a substantially inverted U shape in side view. The body 21 is provided with a notch surface 21b on the front side of the upper end portion, to which a front piece 22a of the support 22 is fixed, an inclined surface 21a is provided on the rear side of the upper end portion, and falls to the lower end portion of the inclined surface 21a. An insertion hole 21c for the prevention lever 73 is formed. In addition, a guide slit 21d that is inclined upward along the peripheral surface from the terminal is formed in the lower end portion of the body 21, and is connected to the hollow portion of the shaft core to guide the linear material S. The body 21 does not necessarily have to be hollow as a whole, but may be partially solid. However, it is preferable that at least the lower part be formed in a hollow communicating with the guide slit 21d because the stable linear material S can be guided.
The support 22 has a plate-like front piece 22a and a rear piece 22b which are opposed to each other, and is formed in a substantially inverted U shape by an upper end piece 22c, and slides with a sliding portion 47 of the holder 4 at the center of the front piece 22a. A moving hole 22e is drilled, and a sliding hole 22d with the shaft portion 46 of the holder 4 is drilled in the center of the rear piece 22b on the same horizontal axis as the sliding hole 22e. A vertical slit 22f through which the wheel stopper 7 can penetrate is formed in the part. Here, the vertical length of the rear piece 22b is slightly longer than that of the front piece 22a. Although it is not an essential component, the upper end piece 22c is provided with a locking hook 22g so that it is convenient to hang the wire through the locking hook 22g until the vine plant grows and reaches the vicinity of the body 21. It is.

Bobbin 3, the diameter is a flanged 32, 33 before and after terminal of the cylindrical winding portion 31 of the D _2, through-holes 34 of the thin drum 42 of the holder 4 below the axis is fittable diameter D ₁ And four fine grooves 35 engraved in parallel with the shaft core at positions of a cross passing through the shaft core by shifting the phase by 90 degrees, and the distance between the front and rear surfaces of the flanges 32 and 33 is L _1. Has been taken.
Wheel 5, the rim 51 of the bottom diameter D ₄ rolling on the wire W, a flange 52 and 52 are formed on front and rear sides of the rim 51, through fastener 6 is fittable to be described later to the axis As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 4 (b), there are a hole 53, four narrow grooves 54 that are engraved in parallel with the shaft core at positions of crosses that are shifted in phase by 90 degrees and pass through the shaft core. In the assembled state, the front flange 52 has a protrusion 55 having a height that does not hinder rotation at a position near the outer periphery of the front surface.
Note that a plurality of, for example, 2 to 4 protrusions 55 may be provided to appropriately adjust the stop position of the wheel 5 to be described later.

Holder 4, the intermediate plate 41 of slightly smaller diameter disc-shaped from the side flange 33 after the bobbin 3 is placed on the rear side toward a thin drum having a diameter D ₃ combined axial on the front side of the intermediate plate 41 42 is projecting, and four small projecting pieces 42a having a narrow width project in a direction parallel to the axial center at a symmetrical position passing through the axial center by shifting the phase by 90 degrees at the rear end contacting the intermediate plate 41 of the thin drum 42. ing. Four projecting pieces 43 project from the front end of the thin drum 42 by 90 degrees and are parallel to the shaft center in a strip shape, and a small projection 43 a is formed on the free end of the projecting piece 43. Here, the diameter D ₃ is slightly minus tolerance with respect to the diameter D _{1 so} that the bobbin 3 can be easily inserted into the holder 4, and the boundary between the front surface of the intermediate plate 41 and the small protrusion 43 a of the protruding piece 43. since the length of up is taken L _1, upon insertion of the bobbin 3 from the holder 4 front, locked small projection 43a is spread in front of the front flange 32, the small projecting each narrow groove 35 The piece 42 a is inserted, and the bobbin 3 is set so as not to move in the front-rear direction and the axial direction with respect to the holder 4. Each section diameter _{here, D 4> D 2> D} 1> is taken to _{D 3} are each the difference is insignificant.
On the other hand, on the other side of the intermediate plate 41, the phase is shifted by 90 degrees around the small cylindrical drum 44 fixed around the shaft portion 46 having a through hole 46a formed in the shaft core, and parallel to the shaft core. The four strip-shaped wings 45 project from the small drum 44 and the intermediate plate 41 and have a cylindrical shape with a diameter that slightly exceeds the tip of each strip-shaped wing 45 and can slide into the insertion hole 22e. The shaft core 46 has a diameter that allows the insertion hole 22d to slide, and has a length such that the rear end is substantially flush with the rear piece 22b. Therefore, when the holder 4 is inserted into the support 22 from the rear side, the small drum 44 and the respective strip-shaped wings 45 pass through the sliding hole 22e and reach the position where they slide with the sliding portion 47 and stop. At this time, the shaft portion 46 stops at a position where the shaft portion 46 slides with the sliding hole 22d, and the holder 4 and the bobbin 3 can be integrally rotated around the axis. The through hole 46a of the shaft portion 46 has a diameter capable of fitting a thin small drum 61 of the fixture 6 described later.
If the shaft portion 46, the through hole 46a, the small drum 44, the strip-shaped wing 45, the sliding portion 47, and the intermediate plate 41 of the holder 4 are integrally formed on the flange 33 of the bobbin 3, the front side of the thin drum 42 is formed. The member can be omitted, and the bobbin 3 is suitable for one-time use that does not require attachment / detachment.

The fastener 6 is formed with a round-plate-shaped head 62 on the rear side of the thin small drum 61 that can be fitted into the through hole 46a of the shaft portion 46, and is 180 degrees out of phase on the front side and parallel to the shaft core. And two small projecting pieces 63 projectingly, a small projection 63a is formed upward of the free end of the projecting piece 63, and the projecting piece 63 and the small drum 61 can be penetrated from the small projection 63a into the through hole 46a. Has been.
The wheel stop 7 includes a wheel stop lever 71, a spring 72, and a fall prevention lever 73. The wheel stop lever 71 has a rod-like main body 71a, a fulcrum 71b at the center thereof, a pressing piece 71c at the tip, and a slightly wide finger pad 71d on the opposite side of the fulcrum 71b of the rod-like main body 71a. . The spring 72 is made of a strip-shaped plate spring bent in a substantially U shape. The fall prevention lever 73 is made of a strip-shaped leaf spring that is slightly bent in the middle.
The linear material S is wound around the winding portion 31 of the bobbin 3 in the form of a string or rope in which natural fibers, synthetic fibers or steel threads are twisted. Nylon, polyester, vinylon, polyethylene, polypropylene and the like are most suitable. In the first example of the vine plant cultivation method by the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 to be described later, the full wire rod S is normally wound around the winding part 31 of the bobbin 3, but in the second example of the vine plant cultivation method, There is a difference that the length of the linear material S is short because the bobbin 3 and the ridge surface R are connected in a loop shape and used in circulation.

Next, assembly of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the wheel 5 is placed in the gap between the front piece 22a and the rear piece 22b of the support 22 and the shaft cores of the through holes 53 and the slide cores 22e and 22d are aligned so that they are aligned. When inserted into the sliding hole 22e from the rear side, first, the small drum 44 and each strip-shaped wing 45 are passed, and then the four strip-shaped wings 45 are respectively fitted in the four narrow grooves 53. Then, when the through hole 53 is passed, the shaft portion 46 protrudes from the rear end of the wheel 5 and stops at a position where it slides with the sliding hole 22d, and the holder 4 and the wheel 5 are integrally held by the support body 22.
Next, when the shaft 6 is pushed into the through hole 46a of the shaft portion 46 from the small protrusion 63a side of the fixing tool 6, the two projecting pieces 63 are slightly bent in the axial direction to the through hole 46a. The projecting piece 63 and the thin-walled small drum 61 are penetrated from the small protrusion 63a, the small protrusion 63a is spread and locked on the front end surface of the shaft portion 46, and the head 62 is in contact with the rear end surface of the shaft portion 46, The holder 4 and the wheel 5 are set so that they cannot be pulled out.
Next, a fulcrum 71b of a wheel stop lever 71 is attached to the cutout surface 21b of the body 21 outside the support 22 so as to be rotatable about a shaft through a spring 72, and is pressed by a finger pressing operation with respect to the finger contact piece 71d. The tip of the piece 71c can enter and exit from the slit 22f. Here, when the spring 72 is being pressed, the pressing piece 71 c is separated and the rotation of the wheel 5 is not hindered. However, when the pressing is not being applied, the wheel 5 is positioned at a position where the pressing piece 71 c is in contact with the end of the protrusion 55. Is held unrotatable. By inserting the lower end portion of the fall prevention lever 73 into the insertion hole 21c of the body 21 and passing between the lower notch surface of the lower end front surface of the rear side piece 22b of the support body 22, there is usually no gap. If the wheel 5 is removed from the wire W without falling, the safety device will not drop downward. On the other hand, when a clearance is required, the intermediate portion of the fall prevention lever 73 can be pushed forward to open.
Finally, when the bobbin 3 is fitted to the holder 4, when the holder 4 is pushed into the through hole 34 from the small protrusion 43 a side, the four protruding pieces 43 are slightly bent in the axial direction, and the through hole 34. The thin drum 42 is fitted into the through hole 34 from the front to the rear, and further comes into contact with the front surface of the intermediate plate 41 and stops. At this time, the small protruding pieces 42a are fitted into any one of the narrow grooves 35 of the through hole 34, and the four small protrusions 43a are projected from the state in which the protruding pieces 43 project from the front side of the front hook 32 of the hobbin 3 and are bent. Thus, the bobbin 3 is set in a state in which the bobbin 3 cannot be rotated and ejected with respect to the shaft core with respect to the holder 4, and the bobbin 3, the holder 4, and the wheel 5 are aligned with the shaft core and integrated with the support 22. The holding rotation is made possible, and the assembly of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is completed. The bobbin 3 can be easily detached from the holder 4 by bending the small protrusion 43a in the axial direction.
Each configuration of the bobbin 3, the holder 4, and the wheel 5 described above is detachable and can be reused even if the season changes. It is also possible to simplify each configuration and to integrate the bobbin 3 and the holder 4 as described above, or to fix or assemble them by bolts and nuts, adhesion, etc. This is the same in the vine plant cultivation apparatus 10 described later. is there.
In addition, when assembling, if there is a risk of falling forward due to the weight around the bobbin 3 disposed in front of the wheel 5, an adjustment weight is disposed so as to protrude rearward of the wheel 5 to achieve balance. It is preferable to do so.

Next, a first example of the vine plant cultivation method by the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
With reference to FIG. 1, the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is guided by a wire W laid substantially parallel to the lower ridge surface R and approximately horizontally upward at a height of about 3 m, and downstream from the upstream side, for example, In the example of this figure, it can move from the left to the right. Instead of the wire W, a rail such as a rail such as a C-shaped channel may be installed. At this time, both ends of the adjacently installed rail may be connected in an arc shape to form a loop as a whole. Good.
In FIG. 1, a mode in which the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 is moved down at the same time when the cultivation of the vine plant in which a single linear material S is suspended, and then the vine plant is lowered by an amount corresponding to the extension of the vine. are illustrated and shown to the vine seedlings T ₁ of cultivating upstream linear member S ₁ only at the beginning cultivation, wire material S ₂ is the second time during the cultivation was moved downstream, It is shown the vine T ₂ and vine cultivation device 1.
At first, when the cultivation starts, the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is suspended from the wire W by the locking hook 22g, and the body 21 of the support column 2 is held in a suspended state in a substantially vertical direction. The linear member S ₁ which is wound with 31 wound and unwound, after helically wound body 21 around as a buffer structure, falling from the lower portion of the guide slit 21d through the hollow portion of the body 21 allowed draped ridges surface R and are grown entwined vine vine seedlings T ₁ planted該畝surface R to the linear member S _1.
After an appropriate growth period has elapsed, the middle part of the fall prevention lever 73 is pressed forward to open, and the rim 51 of the wheel 5 is placed on the wire W. Until that time, the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 holds the wheel 5 on the wire W because the wheel 5 is held unrotatable at the position where the pressing piece 71b of the wheel stop 7 is in contact with the end of the projection 55. Will not roll and run away. When the tip of the vine plant begins to reach the vicinity of the trunk 21, the finger resting piece 71 d of the wheel stop lever 71 and the trunk 21 are grasped with a finger and pressed against the spring 72, thereby the protrusion 55 by the pressing piece 71 b and The wheel 5 is released and the stop of the wheel 5 is released, and the bobbin 3 starts rotating with the stem, vine and fruit loads of the vine plant added to the linear material S ₁ , and the wheel 5 directly connected to the bobbin 3 is rotated. Move it. That is, the unraveling of the linear material S ₁ due to the rotation of the bobbin 3 and the rolling on the wire W due to the rotation of the wheel 5 occur in conjunction with each other.
At this time, if the stem, vine and fruit loads are transmitted to the bobbin 3, there is a risk that the wire material S ₁ descends too quickly and the vine breaks, but the wire 21 is spirally wound around the trunk 21. The descending speed is relaxed and adjusted by the friction between the material S ₁ and the body 21. Immediately after the bobbin 3 starts rotating, when the finger holding piece 71d and the finger holding the body 21 are released and the pressing is stopped, the pressing piece 71c is restored to the original position by the repulsive force of the spring 72. Since the wheel 5 rotates and continues to roll on the wire W, the wheel 5 rotates at a position where the pressing piece 71bc is in contact with the end of the protrusion 55 just after one rotation. Stop and move to the position of the linear material S ₂ , the vine plant T ₂ and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 during the second cultivation on the downstream side by a distance X from the upstream cultivation start position, and hold at this position Being promoted for the second time. For this reason, the second harvest of vines can be carried out in a suitable position down from the top.
Here, when moved to the second time position at the time of cultivation of the downstream side vine cultivation device 1 from the position at the vine cultivation starts, between the linear member S ₁ and the linear member S ₂ on the downstream side The linear material s in the middle portion extends along the longitudinal direction of the ridge surface R, and the stem t of the vine plant that has finished harvesting substantially parallel to the linear material s in the intermediate portion is the root of the ridge surface R. It extends from U toward the downstream side and is in the state shown in the lower part of FIG. Fundamental U shown in FIG. 1 the lower part, and the contact between the ridge surface R of the vine seedlings T _1, and the starting point of the vine became stalk extends toward the downstream side is two places separately described However, it is actually one place on the upstream side. However, if they are described in one place, the drawings may be congested and difficult to understand. Here, they are described in two places.
When the vine plant grows and reaches the trunk 21 again, the linear material S ₂ and the vine plant T ₂ are lowered in the same manner as described above, and the position of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is moved downstream to promote the growth. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated successively, and the linear material is lowered in accordance with the growth of the vines, and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is sequentially moved to the downstream side so that it can be harvested at almost the same height all year round.
Although there are slight differences due to the thickness and expansion / contraction of the wire S, the slip between the wheel 5 and the wire W, the difference in diameter between the wheel 5 and the bobbin 3, the movement distance X from the upstream side to the downstream side is In this example, the rotation is about 15 cm, and the diameter of the wheel 5 and the bobbin 3 is about 5 cm. However, it may be selected depending on the variety of vine plants, the growth conditions, the structure of the facility, and the like. The number of spiral windings around the body 21 is, for example, about 1 to 3 times when the body 21 has a diameter of 2.5 cm and a length of 15 cm.
In addition, when the projection part 55 is provided with two or more intervals, the stop position of the wheel 5 can be adjusted finely.

Next, the 2nd example of the vine plant cultivation method by the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is demonstrated with reference also to FIG. The same components as those in the first example of the vine plant cultivation method are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In FIG. 8, the linear material S ₃ , the vine plant seedling T ₁ and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 are illustrated on the upstream side at the start of cultivation, and the linear material S is moved during the second cultivation moved downstream in the arrow P direction. ₄ , the vine plant T ₂ and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 are illustrated. Also here, the starting point and the root U of the stem-like portion t are separated and described for the sake of clarity in the same manner as in FIG.
First, in the time of the cultivation starts, vine cultivation device 1 is suspended to the wire W, the body 21 of the tower 2 is held in suspended state in the substantially vertical direction, and unwound linear material S _3, the buffer structure After being wound spirally around the trunk 21, it is lowered and hung on the ridge surface R, and the vine of the vine plant seedling T ₁ is entangled with the linear material S ₃ to grow. But the first example and different linear material S ₃ of vine cultivation method consists descending portion v ₁ and raised portions v _2, vines of descent v ₁ is lowered cement R unwound from the bobbin 3 after reaching the underlying U vicinity of, lowering the upper terminal rising portion v ₂ rising curved in a loop shape by turning two or three times around the winding portion 31 to return to the bobbin 3 along the fuselage 21 parts v ₁ It can be connected to the upper terminal and circulated. Then, the vine of the vine plant is fixed to the descending portion v ₁ of the linear material S ₃ , and the ascending portion v ₂ is released from being fixed and cultivated.
Next, when an appropriate growth period has passed and the tip of the vine plant has started to reach the vicinity of the body 21, as described above, when the contact between the pressing piece 71b and the protrusion 55 is released by the operation of the wheel stop lever 71, a linear shape is obtained. The bobbin 3 starts to rotate by the load of the stem, the vine and the fruit of the vine plant through the descending portion v ₁ of the material S ₃ , and the wheel 5 directly connected to the bobbin 3 is rolled to unravel the linear material S ₃ . And rolling on the wire W due to the rotation of the wheel 5 occurs in conjunction with each other. At that time, the fixation is released in advance in the vicinity of the ridge surface R that moves to the rising portion v ₂ so that the vine of the vine plant does not rise while adhering to the rising portion v ₂ of the linear material S ₃ . The descent speed is relaxed and adjusted by friction between the descending portion v ₁ of the linear material S ₃ and the body 21, and the rotation of the wheel 5 is stopped at the place where the wheel 5 has just made one rotation. It moves to the position of the linear material S ₄ , the vine plant T ₂ and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 at the time of the second cultivation on the downstream side by the distance X, and is held at this position to promote the second growth.
When vine reaches again the body 21 near the growing, the similarly descends linear material S ₄ and vines T _2, encourages growth by moving the position of vine cultivation device 1 to the downstream side, It is possible to harvest at almost the same height all year round by repeating the same operation sequentially.
According to this second example of the vine plant cultivation method, it is necessary to use a linear material having a comparatively short length so as to reciprocate between the bobbin 3 and the root U of the vine plant, fixing the vine to the descending portion v ₁ , by circulating unpinned the rising portion v _2, is a linear member repeatable use. On the other hand, in the first example, a relatively long linear material s is required at the intermediate portion, and the length of the linear material becomes longer as a whole, and there are restrictions on repeated use.

Next, the configuration of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 10 of the second example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The vine plant cultivation apparatus 10 includes a support 2 ′, a bobbin 3, a holding tool 4, a wheel 5 ′, a fixing tool 6, a wheel stop tool 7 ′, and a linear material S. Here, the same components as those of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description and a part of the illustration are omitted.
The column 2 'is composed of a long hollow cylindrical body 21' that forms a buffer structure below, and a substantially inverted U-shaped support 22 'that is fixed to or integrally formed with the upper end of the body 21'. It has become. A notch surface 21'b is provided in a groove shape on the front side of the upper end of the body 21 ', and a front piece 22a of the support 22' is fixed to the notch surface 21'b. An inclined surface 21'a is provided on the rear side of the upper end of the body 21 ', and a rotation fulcrum 21'c is embedded in a substantially horizontal insertion hole below the inclined surface 21'a. A longitudinally long slit 21'd is formed in the part so as to be connected to the rotation fulcrum 21'c along the vertical direction. Also, a guide slit 21'e similar to that of the body 21 is formed at the lower end of the body 21 ', and at least the lower part of the body 21' is formed in a hollow portion.
In the support 22 ', the front piece 22a and the rear piece 22b are formed in a substantially inverted U shape by the upper end piece 22c, and the sliding hole 22e and the sliding hole 22d are formed in the same manner as the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1. However, the slit 22f is not drilled here.
The wheel 5 ′ has the rim 51, flange 52, through hole 53, and narrow groove 54 similar to those of the wheel 5, but the protrusion 55 ′ is different from the protrusion 55 as shown in FIG. In the assembled state, it is provided in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the inner surface of the front flange. A plurality of protrusions 55 ′ may be provided in the same manner as the protrusion 55.
The wheel stop 7 'includes a wheel stop lever 71' and a fall prevention lever 72 '. The wheel stop lever 71 'includes a rod-like main body 71'a, a plate-like lever 71'c protruding from the front surface thereof, a pivot fulcrum support 71'b provided below the plate-like lever 71'c, The lever 71'c has a pressing piece 71'd at the tip, and the wheel stop lever 71 'and the fall prevention lever 72' are integrally formed by connecting them in a substantially V shape at the lower end. Acts as a spring due to the repulsive force.
The bobbin 3, the holding tool 4, the fixing tool 6, and the linear material S are the same as those of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1, and a description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, the fixing tool 6 may be screwed and bolted without using the protruding piece 63 and the small protrusion 63a as shown in FIG.

Next, assembly of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The assembly around the bobbin 3, the holding tool 4, and the fixing tool 6 is the same as that of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1, and is omitted.
The assembly of the holder 4 and the bobbin 3 to the support 22 ′ of the column 2 ′ is the same as that for the support 22. The assembly of the wheel 5 'is the same as that of the wheel 5 except for the engagement with the wheel stopper 7'. Therefore, the bobbin 3, the holder 4, and the wheel 5 are integrally held by the support 22 'and can be rotated.
The assembly of the column 2 ', the wheel 5' and the wheel stop 7 'will be described. The lower end of the front piece 22a of the support 22 'is fixed to the cut-out surface 21'b of the body 21', and an inclined surface 21'a is placed below the lower end of the rear piece 22b. Next, the wheel stop 7 'is assembled under the inclined surface 21'a. As shown in FIG. 7, the plate lever 71'c of the wheel stop lever 71' is inserted into the vertically long slit 21'd to turn the pivot fulcrum 21 '. c is fitted to the rotation fulcrum support 71'b, and the fall prevention lever 72 'connected to the wheel stop lever 71' is raised upward and between a slight notch surface on the lower end front surface of the rear piece 22b. Let it cross. As a result, the wheel stop lever 71 ′ can swing around the rotation fulcrum 21 ′ c by being pressed by the finger of the lower terminal, and the fall prevention lever 72 ′ can be moved between the rear piece 22 b depending on whether or not the intermediate finger is pressed. It is possible to cause the presence or absence of a gap. Here, when the wheel stop lever 71 'is pressed with a finger, the pressing piece 71'd moves to the rear side with the rotation fulcrum 21'c as a fulcrum, and is separated from the wheel 5' without being prevented from rotating, but is not pressed. The wheel 5 'is held non-rotatably at a position in contact with the end of the protrusion 55'.

Next, a vine plant cultivation method by the vine plant cultivation apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The vine plant cultivation method is basically the same as the first example and the second example of the vine plant cultivation method of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1, and when the vine grows and reaches the vicinity of the elongated body 21 ′, the wheel stop lever 71. is released contact with 'the lower terminal of the protruding portion 55 by the rotating the pressing and turning fulcrum 21'c around the pressing piece 71'd by a finger', stem vine applied to linear member S ₂ , to begin the Hobin 3 with a load of vine and actual rotation occurs in conjunction and the rolling of the wire W due to the rotation of the solution of the linear member S ₂ by the rotation of Hobin 3 unwinding and the wheel 5 '. The rotation of the wheel 5 'is stopped at the position where the pressing piece 71'd is in contact with the end of the protruding portion 55' at just one rotation, and moved downstream by a distance X from the upstream starting position, It is held in this position until the tip of the vine plant reaches the vicinity of the trunk 21 '.
The difference between the vine plant cultivating apparatus 10 and the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 is the relationship between the wheel stoppers 7 'and 7 and their wheels, and the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 rolls on the wire and rail. The vine plant cultivation apparatus 10 can roll and lock on the wire.

Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the modification 3 example of a partial structure of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of this invention is demonstrated.
The third modified example is a modification of the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 or 10 around the trunk 21 or 21 'of the column 2 or 2', and the other components are the same as those of the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 or 10. Detailed description will be omitted.
(1) First Modified Example Instead of the body 21 of the column 2 of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1, a hollow cylindrical body 81 is used as a buffering structure for the column 8 </ b> A, and a spiral hollow pipe is formed in the longitudinal direction inside the body 81. 82 is incorporated. The hollow pipe 82 is made of an elastic metal or plastic. Other components of the support column 8A are the same as those of the support column 2 or 2 '.
The linear material S unwound from the bobbin 3 is inserted by being guided from the upper end of the hollow pipe 82 by using a wire or the like, is lowered along the spiral, and is lowered from the lower end of the body 81. Due to the friction between the linear material S and the inner surface of the hollow pipe 82 and the elastic deformation of the hollow pipe 82, the rapid descending speed of the linear material S caused by the stems, vines and fruits of the vines can be reduced.
Here, the hollow pipe 82 may be attached to the outer surface of the body 81. At this time, the body 81 does not necessarily have a hollow cylindrical shape, and may have a solid cross section.
(2) Second Modified Example Instead of the body 21 of the support 2, a hollow cylindrical body 83 is used as a buffering structure for the support 8 </ b> B, and an upper roller 84 having a substantially horizontal axis at the upper part inside the body 83, and the body A lower roller 85 parallel to the upper roller 84 is disposed at the lower portion 83, the upper roller 84 is fixed, the lower roller 85 is movable, and a coiled spring 86 is stretched between the upper roller 84 and the lower roller 85. Has been. The other components of the column 8B are the same as those of the column 2 or 2 '. Here, the body 83 is not shown in the figure for work in progress of the linear material S, but the inside of the body 83 can be opened and closed by dividing it in the longitudinal direction, and the linear material S can be opened and closed. Can be set in between. Further, the body 83 is not necessarily cylindrical, and may be, for example, a polygonal or irregularly shaped cylinder.
The linear material S unwound from the bobbin 3 is inserted from the upper end of the body 83, wound around the lower roller 85 from the upper roller 84, and lowered from the lower end of the body 83. By the friction of the linear material S with the upper roller 84 and the lower roller 85 and the intervention of the spring 86, the rapid descending speed of the linear material S caused by the stems, vines and fruit loads of the vines can be reduced.
(3) Modified third example In place of the body 21 of the support 2, a hollow cylindrical body 87 is used as a buffering structure for the support 8 </ b> C, and an upper roller 88 having a substantially horizontal axis at the upper part inside the body 87, and the body A lower roller 89 parallel to the upper roller 88 is disposed at the lower portion 87, and both the upper roller 88 and the lower roller 89 are fixed, and the body 87 can be opened and closed like the body 83. The components are similar to the struts 2 or 2 '. Further, the body 87 is not necessarily cylindrical, and may be, for example, a polygonal shape or an irregular cylindrical shape.
The linear material S unwound from the bobbin 3 is inserted from the upper end of the body 87, wound around the lower roller 89 from the upper roller 88, and lowered from the lower end of the body 87. By the friction between the linear material S and the upper roller 88 and the lower roller 89, the rapid descending speed of the linear material S caused by the vines and the actual load of the vines can be reduced.
The vine plant cultivation method of the vine plant cultivation apparatus having the configurations of the modified first to third examples is the same as that described in detail for the vine plant cultivation apparatuses 1 and 10 described above.

  The present invention can be effectively applied to various vine plant cultivation uses.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the use condition of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1st example of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of each component of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. It is an assembly perspective view of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1, It is the case of (a) front side view and (b) back side view. It is an assembly drawing of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1, (a) Side surface partial sectional view, (b) Back view, (c) Bottom view. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows a part of use condition of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 2nd example of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of a part of component of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. It is an assembly drawing of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 5, (a) Side view and (b) Back view. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the other use condition of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1st example of this invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the 3 examples of deformation | transformation around the trunk | drum of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1st example of this invention, (a) 1st modification, (b) 2nd modification, (c) 3rd modification.

Explanation of symbols

1, 10 vine plant cultivation device 2, 2 ', 8A, 8B, 8C support 21, 21', 81, 83, 87
Fuselage 22, 22 '
Support 22d, 22e
Sliding hole 22g
Locking hook 3 Bobbin 31
Winding part 4 Holder 41
Intermediate plate 42
Thin drum 43, 63
Protruding piece 44
Small drum 45
Striped feathers 46
Shaft 47
Sliding part 5, 5 'wheel

51 rim
52
Flange 55, 55 'protrusion 6 Fixing tool 61
Thin small drum 7, 7 'Wheel stop 71, 71'
Wheel stop lever 71c, 71'd
Press piece 72
Spring 73, 72 '
Fall prevention lever 82
Hollow pipe 84, 88
Upper roller 85, 89
Lower roller 86
Spring S Wire material W Wire R Surface

Claims (7)

  A bobbin around which a wire is wound, a wheel that can move on a track installed above and rotates integrally with the bobbin, a support that supports the bobbin and the wheel, and the wheel at an appropriate position. A vine plant cultivating apparatus comprising a wheel stopper for stopping the vine. A buffer structure for buffering the feeding of the linear material is disposed below the support, and the linear material is lowered through the buffer structure to fix the vine plant vine. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1.   A wheel that moves by rotating on a wire or a rail and a bobbin around which a linear material is wound are detachably integrally supported on a support, and the linear material is spirally below the support. The body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a body wound around the body is disposed, and the linear member is fixed to a vine of a vine through a guide slit formed at a lower part of the body. Plant cultivation equipment.   The buffer structure is a body in which a guide slit is formed in the lower part and the linear material is spirally wound, and the bobbin is a small drum and a shaft part in which a cylindrical sliding part and a strip-shaped wing project from one end. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the vine plant cultivation apparatus is configured such that a wheel is interposed between the supports and the wheel rotates integrally with the wheel.   The linear material is formed in a loop shape, and is held by the bobbin so that the wheel moves on the track at the same time as feeding and collecting, fixing the vine plant vine on the descending side of the linear material, and near the lower end of the loop shape The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vine is fixed and the linear material is repeatedly used.   A vine of a vine plant is fixed to the linear material descending via a buffer structure from a bobbin wound with a linear material that rotates integrally with a wheel that can move along a track, and according to the growth of the vine The vine plant cultivation method characterized by adjusting the height of the vine plant by moving the wheel.   The linear member is unrolled from the bobbin, and is raised in the form of a loop with the descending portion in the vicinity of the saddle surface, and the upper end is connected to the upper end of the descending portion and is wound around the hobbin. A vine plant vine is fixed to the descending portion of the linear material, and the vine is fixed to the rising portion, and the linear material is circulated and used repeatedly. The vine plant cultivation method according to claim 6.