JP2007271539A - Resin tungsten composite material - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は放射線遮蔽材、ウェイト用部材、静振材等に用いられる樹脂タングステン複合材料に関する。 The present invention relates to a resin tungsten composite material used for a radiation shielding material, a weight member, a vibration damping material, and the like.
樹脂にタングステン粉末を分散してなる複合材、樹脂タングステン複合材料は、その密度の高さと、柔軟さ、遮蔽能力の高さから、放射線遮蔽用部材、制振用部材、ウェイト用部材等に用いられている。
特定の物体に貼り合わせ、物体に沿って用いられる場合のように、柔軟性が重要である場合に、タングステン粉末と組み合わさせる樹脂としては、柔軟性をもった樹脂材料が選定され、特に成形加工性やリサイクル性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂を用いることが多い。
ところが、熱可塑性樹脂を使用した樹脂タングステン複合材料には欠点がある。
複合材料における熱可塑性樹脂は、使用温度が上がると、軟化するために、形状の維持が困難になり、曲がる、たわむ、収縮するなどして変形したり、内在する気体の膨張により発泡現象を起こす。このため、高温雰囲気での使用においては適さなかった。
一方、タングステン粉末は、比較的酸化しやすい金属であり、特に湿度や温度が高い環境下では急激に酸化が進行する。複合材料においては、タングステン粉末は熱可塑性樹脂に覆われているために粉末状態よりも酸化の進行はゆるやかとなるが、比重１０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上とタングステンが高密度である複合材料においては、材料表面にタングステン粒子が露出しており、長期間の高温高湿環境に晒された場合には表面からの酸化が進行する。その結果、酸化反応に起因した表面の粗れ、体積膨張による変形が発生し、比重や硬さ特性が変化し、形状を保つことができない。
これらの原因により、高温、高湿環境下では樹脂タングステン複合材料はタングステン粒子および熱可塑性樹脂にとって形状やその機能を維持するためには十分でない条件が揃っている。
例えば、特許文献１にはエラストマーとタングステン粉末からなる放射線遮蔽容器、特許文献２には遮蔽用の防護衣が示されているが、これらの技術では前記問題があるために、高温、高湿下での長時間の使用は難しい。
Composite material made by dispersing tungsten powder in resin, resin tungsten composite material is used for radiation shielding member, damping member, weight member, etc. because of its high density, flexibility and high shielding ability It has been.
When flexibility is important, such as when bonding to a specific object and using along the object, a resin material with flexibility is selected as the resin to be combined with the tungsten powder, especially molding processing In many cases, a thermoplastic resin excellent in recyclability and recyclability is used.
However, a resin tungsten composite material using a thermoplastic resin has a drawback.
Thermoplastic resins in composite materials soften when the operating temperature rises, making it difficult to maintain their shape, causing deformation by bending, bending, shrinking, etc., and causing foaming due to expansion of the gas present . For this reason, it was not suitable for use in a high temperature atmosphere.
Tungsten powder, on the other hand, is a metal that is relatively easy to oxidize, and oxidation proceeds abruptly particularly in an environment with high humidity and temperature. In the composite material, since the tungsten powder is covered with the thermoplastic resin, the oxidation progresses more slowly than in the powder state. However, in the composite material having a specific gravity of 10 g / cm 3 or more and a high density of tungsten, The tungsten particles are exposed on the surface, and oxidation from the surface proceeds when exposed to a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time. As a result, surface roughness due to the oxidation reaction, deformation due to volume expansion occurs, specific gravity and hardness characteristics change, and the shape cannot be maintained.
For these reasons, under a high temperature and high humidity environment, the resin tungsten composite material has conditions that are not sufficient for maintaining the shape and function of the tungsten particles and the thermoplastic resin.
For example, Patent Document 1 shows a radiation shielding container made of an elastomer and tungsten powder, and Patent Document 2 shows a protective clothing for shielding. It is difficult to use for a long time.
高温、高湿な条件下でも形状や比重、硬さ特性を維持できる樹脂タングステン複合材料を得ることを課題とした。 It was an object to obtain a resin tungsten composite material that can maintain its shape, specific gravity, and hardness characteristics even under high temperature and high humidity conditions.
まず、タングステン粒子については、その酸化を防ぐために熱可塑性樹脂との混合以前に、粒子を腐食されにくいようにカップリング処理を行う。この場合のカップリング処理とは、シラン系やシリコン系の有機化合物を、粒子表面に薄くコーティングすることをいう。カップリングされたタングステン粒子は、雰囲気に直接触れなくなるために、高温多湿な環境下でも酸化が進まずに、形状や表面粗さを維持することができる。
また、上記カップリングを行った後に、熱可塑性樹脂と混合して得られた樹脂タングステン複合材料は、熱可塑性樹脂が高温多湿下で変形しやすい。これを防ぐために、樹脂タングステン複合材料の表面から電子線照射を行なうことにより、熱可塑性樹脂の表面が一部架橋構造を作るようになり、耐熱性が飛躍的に向上する。
以上に述べた改善点を踏まえ、実際の樹脂タングステン複合材料の製造工程を以下に説明する。
まずタングステン粉末として０．５〜１０μｍ程度の粉末を選定する。粒子径は揃っていてもよいし、より高い密度を得るためには大小の粉末を組み合わせて選定すればよい。
次にタングステン粉末を溶媒にて溶かされたカップリング用の有機物中に投入しスラリー状とし、攪拌することで均一に分散させる。次にスラリー化した粉末を適温にて乾燥し、溶媒を蒸発させることにより、粒子全体がカップリング材にてコーティングされる。この際カップリング材としては、少なくとも２つ以上の種類の反応基を持ち、そのうち少なくとも一つが金属と反応しやすいメチル基、エチル基、メトキシ基、エトキシキ基等を有している材料が最も適当であり、もう一方の反応基としては樹脂材料に応じて各種の反応基が選定される。
次に、カップリング剤にてコーティングされたタングステン粉末を、ニーダー等の攪拌、混合用装置にて熱可塑性樹脂と混合する。熱可塑性樹脂としてはオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマーがより環境への適合性や、強度、柔軟性を得るために適当である。両者を均一に混合した後にプレス加工、ドクターブレード、押し出し成形、射出成形、ロール圧延等の手段にて所望の形を成形することにより樹脂タングステン複合材料が得られる。
更に得られた樹脂タングステン複合材料の表面に電子線照射を行なう。樹脂タングステン複合材料に電子線を照射すると、加速電子により高分子材料の水素原子の分離と再結合反応（架橋反応）が起こり、高分子間の結合が強化され、熱可塑性樹脂の耐熱性が改善される。電子線照射の具体的方法としては、電子線照射装置を用いて加速度1MeV以上の高エネルギ−の電子線を複合材に照射することで材料表層から内部まで改質される。照射量としてはオレフィン系エラストマーを使用した場合、５０kＧｙから２００kＧｙ程度とすることが好ましい。
以上の手段により本発明の耐酸化性が高く、耐高温性に優れた熱可塑性樹脂からなる樹脂タングステン複合材料を得ることができる。
First, in order to prevent the oxidation of the tungsten particles, a coupling treatment is performed so that the particles are not easily corroded before mixing with the thermoplastic resin. In this case, the coupling treatment refers to thinly coating a particle surface with a silane-based or silicon-based organic compound. Since the coupled tungsten particles do not directly touch the atmosphere, the shape and the surface roughness can be maintained without being oxidized even in a high temperature and high humidity environment.
In addition, in the resin tungsten composite material obtained by mixing with the thermoplastic resin after the coupling is performed, the thermoplastic resin is easily deformed under high temperature and high humidity. In order to prevent this, by performing electron beam irradiation from the surface of the resin tungsten composite material, the surface of the thermoplastic resin partially forms a crosslinked structure, and the heat resistance is drastically improved.
Based on the improvements described above, the actual manufacturing process of the resin tungsten composite material will be described below.
First, a powder of about 0.5 to 10 μm is selected as the tungsten powder. The particle diameter may be uniform, or a combination of large and small powders may be selected to obtain a higher density.
Next, the tungsten powder is put into an organic substance for coupling dissolved in a solvent to form a slurry, which is uniformly dispersed by stirring. Next, the slurryed powder is dried at an appropriate temperature, and the solvent is evaporated to coat the entire particle with the coupling material. In this case, the most suitable coupling material is a material having at least two or more kinds of reactive groups, at least one of which has a methyl group, an ethyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, etc. that easily react with a metal. As the other reactive group, various reactive groups are selected according to the resin material.
Next, the tungsten powder coated with the coupling agent is mixed with the thermoplastic resin by a stirring and mixing apparatus such as a kneader. As the thermoplastic resin, an olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer is suitable for obtaining environmental compatibility, strength, and flexibility. After mixing both uniformly, a resin tungsten composite material is obtained by shape | molding a desired shape by means, such as press work, a doctor blade, extrusion molding, injection molding, and roll rolling.
Further, the surface of the obtained resin tungsten composite material is irradiated with an electron beam. When an electron beam is irradiated to a resin tungsten composite material, hydrogen atoms of the polymer material are separated and recombination reaction (crosslinking reaction) occurs due to accelerated electrons, strengthening the bond between the polymers, and improving the heat resistance of the thermoplastic resin. Is done. As a specific method of electron beam irradiation, an electron beam irradiation device is used to irradiate the composite material with a high energy electron beam having an acceleration of 1 MeV or more, thereby reforming the material from the surface layer to the inside. When the olefin elastomer is used, the irradiation amount is preferably about 50 kGy to about 200 kGy.
By the above means, a resin tungsten composite material comprising a thermoplastic resin having high oxidation resistance and excellent high temperature resistance of the present invention can be obtained.
本発明によって、長期間の高温、高湿の雰囲気下においても、形状を維持し、材料特性の劣化を抑えることが可能な樹脂タングステン複合材料を得ることができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a resin tungsten composite material capable of maintaining a shape and suppressing deterioration of material characteristics even under a long-term high temperature and high humidity atmosphere.
（実施例１）
複合材料としてタングステン粉末として平均粒子径12μm、4μｍ、1μｍの3種類の粉末を重量比で１：１：１となるように混合する。次にカップリング剤としてメタクリル基およびエトキシ基を有する３−メタクリリロキシロプロピルトリエトキシシランをタングステン粉末に対して配合量０．０５重量％をメタノール溶媒に溶かし、前記タングステン粉末をその中に投入してタングステン粉末スラリーとする。その後に真空乾燥機にて６０℃／５時間乾燥させメタノール溶媒を除き、カップリング処理したタングステン粉末を作製した。
上記のカップリング処理したタングステン粉末と、熱可塑性樹脂としてオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー樹脂材料および微量添加剤として可塑剤、離型剤、滑剤を全体の比重が１２ｇ／ｃｍ３となる配合条件にてニーダーに投入した。ニーダーで混練し、高密度の樹脂タングステン複合材料を作製し、この樹脂タングステン複合材料を押し出し成形により、厚さ1mmの柔軟性を有するシート材料が得られた。
次に作成したシート材料に対して加速度３ＭｅＶ電子線を１００ｋＧｙ 照射を実施した。
評価：前記工程にて得られた本発明のシート材料より、図１に示す形状のダンベル形に切り出し、片側の太い部分（図１のＡ）を挟み固定して、細い部分（図１のＢ）と下部の太い部分（図１のＣ）の自重によりシート材料が下方に引っぱられる試験を行った。試験条件は１００℃の高温環境にて１０時間吊り下げ保持試験を実施した。
試験後にシート材を確認したところ、変形、面粗れ、特性の変化は認められなかった。
また、８５℃、８５％の雰囲気下で１５０hr保持する試験を行い、試験前後の特性を比較したが、変形、面粗れ、特性の劣化は認められなかった。
（比較例１）
複合材料としてタングステン粉末として平均粒子径１２μm、４μｍ、１μｍの３種類の粉末を混合しタングステン粉末およびオレフィン系熱可塑性エラストマー樹脂材料および微量添加剤として可塑剤、離型剤、滑剤を全体の比重が１２ｇ／ｃｍ３となる配合条件にてニーダーに投入し混練し高密度の樹脂タングステン複合材料を作製し、この樹脂タングステン複合材料を押し出し成形により厚さ１ｍｍの柔軟性を有するシート材料が得られた。
本シート材料より試験片を実施例と同様にダンベル形に切り出し１００℃の高温環境にて保持試験を実施したところ、徐々に軟化し約１５分間で自重にて変形し、破断した。
また、８５℃８５％雰囲気下の試験環境に１５０時間保持し試験前後の特性を比較したところ酸化反応による体積膨張およびそり変形が確認された。
Example 1
As a composite material, three kinds of powders having an average particle diameter of 12 μm, 4 μm, and 1 μm are mixed as tungsten powder so that the weight ratio is 1: 1: 1. Next, 0.05 wt% of 3-methacrylyloxylopropyltriethoxysilane having a methacryl group and an ethoxy group as a coupling agent is dissolved in a methanol solvent with respect to the tungsten powder, and the tungsten powder is put therein. To make a tungsten powder slurry. Thereafter, it was dried in a vacuum dryer at 60 ° C. for 5 hours to remove the methanol solvent, and a coupled tungsten powder was produced.
The above-mentioned coupling-treated tungsten powder, an olefinic thermoplastic elastomer resin material as a thermoplastic resin, and a plasticizer, a release agent and a lubricant as a trace additive under a blending condition with an overall specific gravity of 12 g / cm 3. It was thrown into. By kneading with a kneader, a high-density resin tungsten composite material was produced, and by extruding the resin tungsten composite material, a flexible sheet material having a thickness of 1 mm was obtained.
Next, 100 kGy irradiation of acceleration 3 MeV electron beam was implemented with respect to the produced sheet material.
Evaluation: From the sheet material of the present invention obtained in the above step, cut into a dumbbell shape having the shape shown in FIG. 1, sandwiching and fixing one thick part (A in FIG. 1), and narrow part (B in FIG. 1) ) And the lower thick part (C in FIG. 1), the sheet material was pulled downward. The test condition was a holding test suspended for 10 hours in a high temperature environment of 100 ° C.
When the sheet material was confirmed after the test, no deformation, surface roughness, or change in characteristics was observed.
Moreover, the test which hold | maintains for 150 hours in 85 degreeC and 85% atmosphere was done, and the characteristic before and behind a test was compared, but a deformation | transformation, surface roughening, and deterioration of a characteristic were not recognized.
(Comparative Example 1)
Three kinds of powders with an average particle size of 12 μm, 4 μm, and 1 μm are mixed as tungsten powder as a composite material, and the total specific gravity of tungsten powder, olefin-based thermoplastic elastomer resin material and plasticizer, mold release agent, and lubricant as trace additives A high-density resin tungsten composite material was prepared by mixing in a kneader under a blending condition of 12 g / cm 3 to produce a high-density resin tungsten composite material. A sheet material having a thickness of 1 mm was obtained by extruding the resin tungsten composite material. .
A test piece was cut out from the sheet material into a dumbbell shape in the same manner as in the example and subjected to a holding test in a high temperature environment of 100 ° C. As a result, it gradually softened and deformed by its own weight in about 15 minutes and fractured.
Further, when the characteristics before and after the test were compared for 150 hours in a test environment of 85 ° C. and 85% atmosphere, volume expansion and warpage deformation due to oxidation reaction were confirmed.
Claims (2)
タングステン粒子は耐酸化性を付与するカップリング材で被覆され、
そのタングステン粒子と熱可塑性樹脂とがカップリング材を介してカップリングしており、
少なくともその材料表面部に電子線照射層を有することを特徴とする、樹脂タングステン複合材料。
In the resin tungsten composite material consisting of tungsten particles and thermoplastic resin,
The tungsten particles are coated with a coupling material that provides oxidation resistance,
The tungsten particles and the thermoplastic resin are coupled via a coupling material,
A resin tungsten composite material comprising an electron beam irradiation layer at least on the surface of the material.
複数の反応基のうちの少なくとも一つの反応基が金属系と反応しやすいメチル基、エチル其、メトキシ基、エトキシ基を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の樹脂−タングステン高密度複合材料。 The coupling material is a silane organic compound or a silicon organic compound having a plurality of reactive groups,
2. The resin-tungsten high-density composite material according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of reactive groups has a methyl group, an ethyl group, a methoxy group, or an ethoxy group that easily reacts with a metal system. .
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| CN104240782A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-24 | 日本华尔卡工业株式会社 | Radioactive ray shielding film and manufacturing method thereof |
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| WO2016068241A1 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-06 | 株式会社Ｒｉｃａｎａｌ | Sheet-shaped radiation shielding material |
| JP2017173296A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | 早川ゴム株式会社 | Radiation shield material composition and radiation shield material |
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| CN104240782A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-24 | 日本华尔卡工业株式会社 | Radioactive ray shielding film and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2015175658A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-10-05 | セイコー・イージーアンドジー株式会社 | radiation detector |
| WO2016068241A1 (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-05-06 | 株式会社Ｒｉｃａｎａｌ | Sheet-shaped radiation shielding material |
| JP2017173296A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | 早川ゴム株式会社 | Radiation shield material composition and radiation shield material |
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