JP2007253047A - Reverse osmosis concentration apparatus - Google Patents

Reverse osmosis concentration apparatus Download PDF

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JP2007253047A
JP2007253047A JP2006079961A JP2006079961A JP2007253047A JP 2007253047 A JP2007253047 A JP 2007253047A JP 2006079961 A JP2006079961 A JP 2006079961A JP 2006079961 A JP2006079961 A JP 2006079961A JP 2007253047 A JP2007253047 A JP 2007253047A
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reverse osmosis
concentrate
control valve
flow path
pressure control
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JP4840973B2 (en
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Yoshihiro Wada
好弘 和田
Kazuo Kagitani
和生 鍵谷
Sadao Ono
貞男 大野
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Kagome Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reverse osmosis concentration apparatus in which occurrence of deformation or cracking and breaking of a reverse osmosis membrane resulting in capability deterioration can be prevented by preventing the inside of a reverse osmosis membrane module of a concentration unit from abnormal negative pressure. <P>SOLUTION: In the reverse osmosis concentration apparatus for carrying out reverse osmosis and concentration of an object material to be concentrated by supplying the object material to a concentration unit using a reverse osmosis membrane module to flow down it under a high pressure, a pressure control valve to be opened under no control or a back pressure pump is installed in a channel of a concentrated substance in the discharge port side of the concentration unit and a first branch path is installed upstream or downstream of the pressure control valve or the back pressure pump in the channel of the concentrated substance and a suction valve is installed in the first branch path. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は逆浸透濃縮装置に関する。被濃縮物を逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットへ供給して高圧下に流過させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようにした逆浸透濃縮装置には様々な方式のものが知られている。例えば逆浸透膜モジュールについては平膜型モジュールを用いたもの、中空糸膜型モジュールを用いたもの又は管状膜型モジュールを用いたもの、またかかる逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットの設置方式については一段式のもの又は多段式のもの、更にかかる濃縮ユニットへ被濃縮物を流下させる方式については一過式のもの又は循環式のもの等が知られている。より具体的には例えば、野菜汁や果実汁を逆浸透濃縮する装置として、複数の管状膜型モジュールを直列に接続した濃縮ユニットを１段又は２段以上の多段で設置し、かかる濃縮ユニットへ野菜汁や果実汁を供給して高圧下に一過式で流下させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようにしたものが知られている。本発明は以上のような逆浸透濃縮装置の改良に関する。   The present invention relates to a reverse osmosis concentrator. Various types of reverse osmosis concentrators are known in which reverse osmosis concentration apparatus is configured to supply a concentrated product to a concentrating unit using a reverse osmosis membrane module and flow it under high pressure. For example, for reverse osmosis membrane modules, those using flat membrane type modules, those using hollow fiber membrane type modules or those using tubular membrane type modules, and installation methods of concentration units using such reverse osmosis membrane modules Is known as a single-stage type or multi-stage type, and as a system for allowing the concentrate to flow down to such a concentration unit, a transient type or a circulation type is known. More specifically, for example, as a device for reverse osmosis concentration of vegetable juice and fruit juice, a concentration unit in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules are connected in series is installed in one or more stages, and the concentration unit The thing which reverse osmosis concentrated by supplying vegetable juice and fruit juice and making it flow down under high pressure once is known. The present invention relates to an improvement of the reverse osmosis concentrator as described above.

従来、前記のような逆浸透濃縮装置として、濃縮ユニットの入口側に供給ポンプを取付け、出口側に圧力制御弁を取付けたものや（例えば特許文献１及び２参照）、同様に濃縮ユニットの入口側には供給ポンプを取付け、出口側に濃縮ユニットへ圧力をかけるための背圧ポンプや濃縮物を搬送するためのブーストポンプを取付けたもの等（例えば特許文献１及び３〜５参照）が知られている。   Conventionally, as a reverse osmosis concentrator as described above, a supply pump is attached to the inlet side of the concentrating unit and a pressure control valve is attached to the outlet side (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). A supply pump is attached to the side, and a back pressure pump for applying pressure to the concentrating unit and a boost pump for conveying the concentrate are attached to the outlet side (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 3 to 5). It has been.

しかし、これら従来の逆浸透濃縮装置には、何らかの原因で逆浸透膜モジュール内が負圧となって、逆浸透膜が変形したり、場合によっては逆浸透膜にひびや割れが発生し、その性能が低下するという問題がある。例えば、濃縮ユニットの出口側に圧力制御弁が取付けられているものの場合に入口側の供給ポンプが停止し、逆浸透膜モジュール内で結果的に濃縮が進んでしまうとき、また濃縮ユニットの出口側に背圧ポンプが取付けられているものの場合に入口側の供給ポンプ及び出口側の背圧ポンプが共に停止し、逆浸透膜モジュール内で結果的に濃縮が進んでしまうとき、更には濃縮ユニットの出口側に圧力制御弁及びブーストポンプが取付けられているものの場合に入口側の供給ポンプが停止し、逆浸透膜モジュール内が急激に負圧となってしまうとき等において前記のような問題が生じるのであり、かかる問題は、その性質上、管状膜型モジュールの場合により大きい。
特開平３−２１３２６号公報 特開２００１−７８７３２号公報 特開平８−１０８０４８号公報 特開２０００−２１８１３５号公報 特開２００１−３４７１４１号公報 However, in these conventional reverse osmosis concentrators, the reverse osmosis membrane module has a negative pressure for some reason, the reverse osmosis membrane is deformed, and in some cases cracks and cracks occur in the reverse osmosis membrane, There is a problem that the performance decreases. For example, when a pressure control valve is attached to the outlet side of the concentrating unit, when the supply pump on the inlet side stops and concentrating proceeds as a result in the reverse osmosis membrane module, the outlet side of the concentrating unit When the back pressure pump on the inlet side and the back pressure pump on the outlet side both stop and the concentrating proceeds as a result in the reverse osmosis membrane module, the concentrating unit When the pressure control valve and boost pump are installed on the outlet side, the above-mentioned problem occurs when the supply pump on the inlet side stops and the reverse osmosis membrane module suddenly becomes negative pressure. This problem is greater in the nature of tubular membrane modules.
JP-A-3-21326 JP 2001-78732 A JP-A-8-108048 JP 2000-218135 A JP 2001-347141 A

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、濃縮ユニットの逆浸透膜モジュール内が異常な負圧となるのを防止し、よって逆浸透膜の性能低下をきたすような変形、更にはひびや割れの発生を防止することができる逆浸透濃縮装置を提供する処にある。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent abnormal negative pressure inside the reverse osmosis membrane module of the concentrating unit, thereby causing deformation, further cracking and cracking that would cause the reverse osmosis membrane performance to deteriorate. It is in the place which provides the reverse osmosis concentration apparatus which can prevent.

前記の課題を解決する本発明は、被濃縮物を逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットへ供給して高圧下に流下させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようにした逆浸透濃縮装置において、濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に無制御下では開放状態となる圧力制御弁が取付けられており、該圧力制御弁よりも上流側又は下流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路が設けられていて、該第１分岐路に吸気弁が取付けられて成ることを特徴とする逆浸透濃縮装置に係る。また本発明は、被濃縮物を逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットへ供給して高圧下に流下させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようにした逆浸透濃縮装置において、濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に背圧ポンプが取付けられており、該背圧ポンプよりも上流側又は下流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路が設けられていて、該第１分岐路に吸気弁が取付けられて成ることを特徴とする逆浸透濃縮装置に係る。   The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus in which a concentrate is supplied to a concentration unit using a reverse osmosis membrane module and is allowed to flow under high pressure to perform reverse osmosis concentration. A pressure control valve that is open under no control is attached to the flow path of the concentrate on the outlet side, and a first branch path is provided in the flow path of the concentrate upstream or downstream from the pressure control valve. The reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus is characterized in that an intake valve is attached to the first branch passage. The present invention also relates to a reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus in which a concentrate is supplied to a concentration unit using a reverse osmosis membrane module and is allowed to flow down under high pressure to concentrate the concentrate on the outlet side of the concentration unit. A back pressure pump is attached to the flow path, and a first branch path is provided in the concentrate flow path upstream or downstream of the back pressure pump, and an intake valve is provided in the first branch path. The present invention relates to a reverse osmosis concentrator characterized by being attached.

本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置も、逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットの入口側における被濃縮物の流路に供給ポンプが取付けられており、また該濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に圧力制御弁又は背圧ポンプが取付けられていて、通常はかかる圧力制御弁の開度又は背圧ポンプの作動を調節することにより濃縮ユニットに加えられる圧力を制御しつつ、被濃縮物を供給ポンプで濃縮ユニットへ供給して高圧下に流下させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようになっている。そこで以下は便宜上、本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置を、濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に圧力制御弁が取付けられているものの場合と背圧ポンプが取付けられているものの場合とに分けて説明する。   The reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention also has a supply pump attached to the flow path of the concentrate on the inlet side of the concentration unit using the reverse osmosis membrane module, and the flow of the concentrate on the outlet side of the concentration unit. A pressure control valve or a back pressure pump is attached to the passage, and normally, the pressure applied to the concentration unit is controlled by adjusting the opening of the pressure control valve or the operation of the back pressure pump. Reverse osmosis concentration is carried out by supplying to a concentrating unit with a supply pump and flowing down under high pressure. Therefore, for the sake of convenience, the reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention will be described below for the case where a pressure control valve is attached to the flow path of the concentrate on the outlet side of the concentration unit and the case where a back pressure pump is attached. Separately described.

先ず濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に圧力制御弁が取付けられているものの場合について説明する。この場合の本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置は、圧力制御弁として無制御下では開放状態となる圧力制御弁を用いたものである。ここで無制御下というのは結果として制御していない状態を意味し、圧力制御弁がかかる無制御下となる代表的な事態は故障時や停電時等である。またここで開放状態となるというのは結果として圧力制御弁の一次側すなわち供給側（入側）と二次側すなわち排出側（出側）とが連通状態になることを意味し、これには無制御下でも開放状態を維持する場合と無制御下では開放状態にする場合とが含まれる。無制御下でも開放状態を維持する圧力制御弁の代表例としては、ねじスピンドルを有するリフト弁等が挙げられる。また無制御下では開放状態にする圧力制御弁はノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁であり、無制御下では閉鎖状態にするノーマルクローズタイプの圧力制御弁と区別される。前者のタイプの圧力制御弁としては、例えば米国スウェージロック社製のニードルバルブで商品名ＳＳ−１８ＲＭ８やＳＳ−１６ＤＫＦ４、同じく米国スウェージロック社製のダイヤフラムバルブで商品名ＳＳ−ＤＬＳ８ＭＭ等、後者のタイプの圧力制御弁としては、例えばフジキン社製の商品名ＳＲ１００の市販品を使用できるが、圧力制御用のニードル弁が好ましく、なかでも圧力変化によるダイヤフラムの伸縮を受けて弁体としてのニードルが進退する方式のものが特に好ましい。本発明では以下、便宜上、前記のような無制御下では開放状態となる圧力制御弁としてノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁を用いたものについて説明する。   First, the case where a pressure control valve is attached to the flow path of the concentrate on the outlet side of the concentration unit will be described. The reverse osmosis concentrating device according to the present invention in this case uses a pressure control valve that is opened under no control as the pressure control valve. Here, under no control means a state in which control is not performed as a result, and typical situations in which the pressure control valve is under no control are at the time of failure or power failure. In addition, the open state here means that the primary side of the pressure control valve, that is, the supply side (inlet side) and the secondary side, that is, the discharge side (exit side) are in communication with each other. The case where the open state is maintained even under no control and the case where the open state is maintained under no control are included. A typical example of a pressure control valve that maintains an open state even under non-control is a lift valve having a screw spindle. Further, the pressure control valve that is opened under no control is a normally open type pressure control valve, and is distinguished from the normally closed type pressure control valve that is closed under no control. As the pressure control valve of the former type, for example, a needle valve manufactured by Swagelok Corporation in the United States and trade names SS-18RM8 and SS-16DKF4, and a diaphragm valve manufactured by Swagelok Corporation in the United States and trade name SS-DLS8MM are used. As the control valve, for example, a commercially available product under the trade name SR100 manufactured by Fujikin Co., Ltd. can be used. A needle valve for pressure control is preferable. Are particularly preferred. In the present invention, hereinafter, for the sake of convenience, a description will be given of a case in which a normally open type pressure control valve is used as a pressure control valve that is open under no control as described above.

前記のようなノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁よりも上流側又は下流側における濃縮物の流路には第１分岐路が設けられており、該第１分岐路に吸気弁が取付けられている。一次側すなわち第１分岐路の圧力が一定値以下の負圧になったときに弁が開いて大気を吸い込むようになっている吸気弁は、ノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁よりも上流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路を設け、かかる第１分岐路に取付けることもできるが、この場合には相応に耐圧性を有する高価なものが必要となるので、ノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁よりも下流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路を設け、かかる第１分岐路に取付けるのが好ましい。   A first branch path is provided in the flow path of the concentrate on the upstream side or downstream side of the normal open type pressure control valve as described above, and an intake valve is attached to the first branch path. The intake valve that opens when the pressure on the primary side, that is, the first branch passage becomes a negative pressure below a certain value, sucks the atmosphere is concentrated on the upstream side of the normal open type pressure control valve. It is possible to provide a first branch path in the flow path of the object and attach it to the first branch path, but in this case, an expensive one having a corresponding pressure resistance is required. It is preferable that a first branch path is provided in the flow path of the concentrate on the downstream side and attached to the first branch path.

前記のような吸気弁を取付けた第１分岐路及びノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁よりも下流側における濃縮物の流路には、濃縮物を更に下流側へ搬送するためのブーストポンプを取付けることができる。ブーストポンプは、上流側に対しては供給ポンプにかかる負荷を低減すると同時に、下流側に対しては搬送ポンプ又は新たな供給ポンプとして機能する。かかる供給ポンプ及びブーストポンプとしては、往復式ポンプ、回転式ポンプ、スネークポンプ等、それ自体は公知の各種の形式のものを使用できる。   A boost pump for conveying the concentrate further downstream is attached to the flow path of the concentrate downstream of the first branch passage and the normally open type pressure control valve attached with the intake valve as described above. Can do. The boost pump reduces the load on the supply pump for the upstream side, and at the same time functions as a transport pump or a new supply pump for the downstream side. As such a supply pump and a boost pump, various types of known pumps such as a reciprocating pump, a rotary pump, a snake pump and the like can be used.

次に濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に背圧ポンプが取付けられているものの場合について説明する。ここで背圧ポンプというのは、結果として上流側の濃縮ユニットへ圧力すなわち背圧をかけることとなるポンプをいう。かかる背圧ポンプには、上流側の濃縮ユニットで逆浸透濃縮した濃縮物を上流側へ押し戻す方向に作動するタイプのものの他に、下流側へ押し流す方向に作動するタイプのものもあるが、本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置では前者のタイプのものを用いるのが好ましく、なかでも回転式ポンプ又はスネークポンプを用いるのが好ましい。   Next, the case where a back pressure pump is attached to the flow path of the concentrate on the outlet side of the concentration unit will be described. Here, the back pressure pump refers to a pump that results in applying pressure, that is, back pressure, to the upstream concentration unit. Such back pressure pumps include a type that operates in a direction to push the concentrate concentrated by reverse osmosis in the upstream concentration unit back to the upstream side, and a type that operates in a direction to push the concentrate to the downstream side. In the reverse osmosis concentrator according to the invention, it is preferable to use the former type, and it is particularly preferable to use a rotary pump or a snake pump.

前記のような背圧ポンプよりも上流側又は下流側における濃縮物の流路には第１分岐路が設けられており、該第１分岐路に吸気弁が取付けられている。第１分岐路及び吸気弁それ自体については前記した通りであるが、濃縮ユニットの下流側における濃縮物の流路に前記のような背圧ポンプを取付ける場合には、供給ポンプ及び背圧ポンプの双方が停止する場合に備えて、背圧ポンプよりも上流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路を設け、かかる第１分岐路に吸気弁を取付けるのが好ましい。   A first branch path is provided in the flow path of the concentrate upstream or downstream of the back pressure pump as described above, and an intake valve is attached to the first branch path. The first branch passage and the intake valve itself are as described above. However, when the back pressure pump is installed in the concentrate flow path downstream of the concentration unit, the supply pump and the back pressure pump are not connected. In preparation for the case where both of them stop, it is preferable to provide a first branch path in the flow path of the concentrate upstream from the back pressure pump and attach an intake valve to the first branch path.

本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置では、それが以上説明したようなノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁が取付けられたものであっても、また背圧ポンプが取付けられたものであっても、第１分岐路の上流側における濃縮物の流路に更に第２分岐路を設け、かかる第２分岐路に安全弁を取付けるのが好ましい。安全弁は一次側すなわち第２分岐路の圧力が一定値以上になったときに弁が開いて濃縮物を逃がすようになっている。吸気弁は上流側における濃縮ユニットの逆浸透膜モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止し、また安全弁は逆に異常な高圧になるのを防止する。   In the reverse osmosis concentrating device according to the present invention, even if it is equipped with a normally open type pressure control valve as described above, or with a back pressure pump, It is preferable that a second branch path is further provided in the concentrate flow path upstream of the branch path, and a safety valve is attached to the second branch path. The safety valve is opened when the pressure on the primary side, that is, the second branch passage becomes a predetermined value or more, and the concentrate is released. The intake valve prevents an abnormal negative pressure in the reverse osmosis membrane module of the concentration unit on the upstream side, and the safety valve prevents an abnormal high pressure.

以上説明した本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置によると、逆浸透濃縮ユニットの逆浸透膜モジュール内が異常な負圧となるのを防止し、よって逆浸透膜の性能低下をきたすような変形、更にはひびや割れの発生を防止することができる。   According to the reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus according to the present invention described above, the reverse osmosis membrane module of the reverse osmosis concentration unit is prevented from becoming an abnormal negative pressure, and thus the deformation that causes the performance of the reverse osmosis membrane to deteriorate, Can prevent cracks and cracks.

図１は本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図である。逆浸透膜モジュールとして複数の管状膜型モジュール（図示しない、以下同じ）を直列に接続した濃縮ユニット１１が１段で設置されている。濃縮ユニット１１の入口側（上流側）における被濃縮物の流路２１に供給ポンプ３１が取付けられている。また濃縮ユニット１１の出口側（下流側）における濃縮物の流路４１にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５１が取付けられている。更にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５１の下流側における濃縮物の流路４１に第１分岐路６１が設けられており、第１分岐路６１には吸気弁７１が取付けられている。前記したように何らかの原因で濃縮ユニット１１の管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になろうとするとき、吸気弁７１が開いて、大気を第１分岐路６１、濃縮物の流路４１及びノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５１を介して吸い込み、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止するようになっている。   FIG. 1 is an overall view schematically showing a reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. As the reverse osmosis membrane module, a concentration unit 11 in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) are connected in series is installed in one stage. A supply pump 31 is attached to the flow path 21 of the concentrate on the inlet side (upstream side) of the concentration unit 11. A normally open type pressure control valve 51 is attached to the concentrate flow path 41 on the outlet side (downstream side) of the concentration unit 11. Further, a first branch path 61 is provided in the concentrate flow path 41 on the downstream side of the normally open type pressure control valve 51, and an intake valve 71 is attached to the first branch path 61. As described above, when the inside of the tubular membrane module of the concentrating unit 11 is going to have an abnormal negative pressure for some reason, the intake valve 71 is opened, and the atmosphere is passed through the first branch 61, the concentrate channel 41, and the normal. Suction is performed via an open type pressure control valve 51 to prevent the negative pressure inside the tubular membrane module.

図２は本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図である。逆浸透膜モジュールとして複数の管状膜型モジュール（図示しない、以下同じ）を直列に接続した濃縮ユニット１２が１段で設置されている。濃縮ユニット１２の入口側（上流側）における被濃縮物の流路２２に供給ポンプ３２が取付けられている。また濃縮ユニット１２の出口側（下流側）における濃縮物の流路４２にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５２が取付けられている。更にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５２の下流側における濃縮物の流路４２に第１分岐路６２が設けられており、第１分岐路６２には吸気弁７２が取付けられている。更にまた第１分岐路６２の下流側における濃縮物の流路４２にブーストポンプ８１が取付けられている。前記したように何らかの原因で濃縮ユニット１２の管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になろうとするとき、吸気弁７２が開いて、大気を第１分岐路６２、濃縮物の流路４２及びノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５２を介して吸い込み、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止するようになっている。   FIG. 2 is an overall view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. As the reverse osmosis membrane module, a concentration unit 12 in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) are connected in series is installed in one stage. A supply pump 32 is attached to the flow path 22 of the concentrate on the inlet side (upstream side) of the concentration unit 12. A normally open type pressure control valve 52 is attached to the concentrate flow path 42 on the outlet side (downstream side) of the concentration unit 12. Furthermore, a first branch path 62 is provided in the concentrate flow path 42 on the downstream side of the normally open type pressure control valve 52, and an intake valve 72 is attached to the first branch path 62. Further, a boost pump 81 is attached to the concentrate flow path 42 on the downstream side of the first branch path 62. As described above, when the inside of the tubular membrane module of the concentrating unit 12 is going to have an abnormal negative pressure for some reason, the intake valve 72 is opened, and the atmosphere is passed through the first branch 62, the concentrate flow path 42, and the normal. Suction is performed via an open-type pressure control valve 52 to prevent abnormal negative pressure in the tubular membrane module.

図３は本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図である。逆浸透膜モジュールとして複数の管状膜型モジュール（図示しない、以下同じ）を直列に接続した濃縮ユニット１３が１段で設置されている。濃縮ユニット１３の入口側（上流側）における被濃縮物の流路２３に供給ポンプ３３が取付けられている。また濃縮ユニット１３の出口側（下流側）における濃縮物の流路４３に背圧ポンプ９１が取付けられている。更に背圧ポンプ９１の上流側における濃縮物の流路４３に第１分岐路６３が設けられており、第１分岐路６３には吸気弁７３が取付けられている。前記したように何らかの原因で濃縮ユニット１３の管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になろうとするとき、吸気弁７３が開いて、大気を第１分岐路６３及び濃縮物の流路４３を介して吸い込み、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止するようになっている。   FIG. 3 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. As the reverse osmosis membrane module, a concentration unit 13 in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) are connected in series is installed in one stage. A supply pump 33 is attached to the flow path 23 of the concentrate on the inlet side (upstream side) of the concentration unit 13. A back pressure pump 91 is attached to the flow path 43 of the concentrate on the outlet side (downstream side) of the concentration unit 13. Further, a first branch path 63 is provided in the flow path 43 of the concentrate upstream of the back pressure pump 91, and an intake valve 73 is attached to the first branch path 63. As described above, when the inside of the tubular membrane module of the concentrating unit 13 is going to have an abnormal negative pressure for some reason, the intake valve 73 is opened, and the atmosphere is passed through the first branch 63 and the concentrate channel 43. This prevents the negative pressure in the tubular membrane module from becoming abnormal.

図４は本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図である。逆浸透膜モジュールとして複数の管状膜型モジュール（図示しない、以下同じ）を直列に接続した濃縮ユニット１４が１段で設置されている。濃縮ユニット１４の入口側（上流側）における被濃縮物の流路２４に供給ポンプ３４が取付けられている。また濃縮ユニット１４の出口側（下流側）における濃縮物の流路４４にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５３が取付けられている。更にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５３の下流側における濃縮物の流路４４に第１分岐路６４が設けられており、第１分岐路６４には吸気弁７４が取付けられている。更にまたノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５３と第１分岐路６４との間における濃縮物の流路４４に第２分岐路６５が設けられており、第２分岐路６５には安全弁７５が取付けられている。前記したように何らかの原因で濃縮ユニット１４の管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になろうとするとき、吸気弁７４が開いて、大気を第１分岐路６４、濃縮物の流路４４及びノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５３を介して吸い込み、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止し、また逆に何らかの原因で管状膜型モジュール内が異常な高圧になろうとするとき、安全弁７５が開いて、濃縮物を流路４４、ノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５３及び第２分岐路６５を介して系外へ逃がし、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な高圧になるのを防止するようになっている。   FIG. 4 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. As a reverse osmosis membrane module, a concentration unit 14 in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) are connected in series is installed in one stage. A supply pump 34 is attached to the flow path 24 of the concentrate on the inlet side (upstream side) of the concentration unit 14. A normally open type pressure control valve 53 is attached to the concentrate flow path 44 on the outlet side (downstream side) of the concentration unit 14. Further, a first branch path 64 is provided in the concentrate flow path 44 on the downstream side of the normally open type pressure control valve 53, and an intake valve 74 is attached to the first branch path 64. Further, a second branch 65 is provided in the concentrate flow path 44 between the normally open type pressure control valve 53 and the first branch 64, and a safety valve 75 is attached to the second branch 65. ing. As described above, when the inside of the tubular membrane module of the concentrating unit 14 is going to have an abnormal negative pressure for some reason, the intake valve 74 is opened, and the atmosphere is passed through the first branch path 64, the concentrate flow path 44, and the normal. When sucking in through the open type pressure control valve 53 to prevent abnormal negative pressure inside the tubular membrane type module, and conversely, when trying to become abnormally high pressure inside the tubular membrane type module for some reason, The safety valve 75 is opened to allow the concentrate to escape from the system through the flow path 44, the normally open type pressure control valve 53, and the second branch path 65, thereby preventing the inside of the tubular membrane module from becoming an abnormally high pressure. It is like that.

図５は本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図である。逆浸透膜モジュールとして複数の管状膜型モジュール（図示しない、以下同じ）を直列に接続した濃縮ユニット１５が１段で設置されている。濃縮ユニット１５の入口側（上流側）における被濃縮物の流路２５に供給ポンプ３５が取付けられている。また濃縮ユニット１５の出口側（下流側）における濃縮物の流路４５にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５４が取付けられている。更にノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５４の下流側における濃縮物の流路４５に第１分岐路６６が設けられており、第１分岐路６６には吸気弁７６が取付けられている。更にまた第１分岐路６６の下流側における濃縮物の流路４５にブーストポンプ８２が取付けられている。そしてノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５４と第１分岐路６６との間における濃縮物の流路４５に第２分岐路６７が設けられており、第２分岐路６７には安全弁７７が取付けられている。前記したように何らかの原因で濃縮ユニット１５の管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になろうとするとき、吸気弁７６が開いて、大気を第１分岐路６６、濃縮物の流路４５及びノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５４を介して吸い込み、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止し、また逆に何らかの原因で管状膜型モジュール内が異常な高圧になろうとするとき、安全弁７７が開いて、濃縮物を流路４５、ノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁５４及び第２分岐路６７を介して系外へ逃がし、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な高圧になるのを防止するようになっている。   FIG. 5 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. As a reverse osmosis membrane module, a concentration unit 15 in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) are connected in series is installed in one stage. A supply pump 35 is attached to the flow path 25 of the concentrate on the inlet side (upstream side) of the concentration unit 15. A normally open type pressure control valve 54 is attached to the concentrate flow path 45 on the outlet side (downstream side) of the concentration unit 15. Further, a first branch path 66 is provided in the concentrate flow path 45 on the downstream side of the normally open type pressure control valve 54, and an intake valve 76 is attached to the first branch path 66. Furthermore, a boost pump 82 is attached to the concentrate passage 45 on the downstream side of the first branch passage 66. A second branch path 67 is provided in the concentrate flow path 45 between the normally open type pressure control valve 54 and the first branch path 66, and a safety valve 77 is attached to the second branch path 67. Yes. As described above, when the inside of the tubular membrane module of the concentrating unit 15 is going to have an abnormal negative pressure for some reason, the intake valve 76 is opened, and the atmosphere is passed through the first branch 66, the concentrate channel 45, and the normal. When sucking in through the open type pressure control valve 54 to prevent abnormal negative pressure inside the tubular membrane type module, and conversely, when trying to become abnormally high pressure inside the tubular membrane type module for some reason, The safety valve 77 is opened to allow the concentrate to escape from the system via the flow path 45, the normally open type pressure control valve 54, and the second branch path 67, thereby preventing the inside of the tubular membrane module from becoming an abnormally high pressure. It is like that.

図６は本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図である。逆浸透膜モジュールとして複数の管状膜型モジュール（図示しない、以下同じ）を直列に接続した濃縮ユニット１６が１段で設置されている。濃縮ユニット１６の入口側（上流側）における被濃縮物の流路２６に供給ポンプ３６が取付けられている。また濃縮ユニット１６の出口側（下流側）における濃縮物の流路４６に背圧ポンプ９２が取付けられている。更に背圧ポンプ９２の上流側における濃縮物の流路４６に第１分岐路６８が設けられており、第１分岐路６８には吸気弁７８が取付けられている。更にまた第１分岐路６８の上流側における濃縮物の流路４６に第２分岐路６９が設けられており、第２分岐路６９には安全弁７９が取付けられている。前記したように何らかの原因で濃縮ユニット１６の管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になろうとするとき、吸気弁７８が開いて、大気を第１分岐路６８及び濃縮物の流路４６を介して吸い込み、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な負圧になるのを防止し、また逆に何らかの原因で管状膜型モジュール内が異常な高圧になろうとするとき、安全弁７９が開いて、濃縮物を流路４６及び第２分岐路６９を介して系外へ逃がし、管状膜型モジュール内が異常な高圧になるのを防止するようになっている。   FIG. 6 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. As the reverse osmosis membrane module, a concentration unit 16 in which a plurality of tubular membrane modules (not shown, the same applies hereinafter) are connected in series is installed in one stage. A supply pump 36 is attached to the flow path 26 of the concentrate on the inlet side (upstream side) of the concentration unit 16. A back pressure pump 92 is attached to the concentrate flow path 46 on the outlet side (downstream side) of the concentration unit 16. Further, a first branch path 68 is provided in the concentrate flow path 46 on the upstream side of the back pressure pump 92, and an intake valve 78 is attached to the first branch path 68. Furthermore, a second branch path 69 is provided in the concentrate flow path 46 upstream of the first branch path 68, and a safety valve 79 is attached to the second branch path 69. As described above, when the inside of the tubular membrane module of the concentrating unit 16 is going to have an abnormal negative pressure for some reason, the intake valve 78 is opened, and the atmosphere is passed through the first branch 68 and the concentrate flow path 46. To prevent abnormal negative pressure inside the tubular membrane module, and when the tubular membrane module is about to become abnormally high for some reason, the safety valve 79 opens and the concentrate is removed. It escapes out of the system through the flow path 46 and the second branch path 69 to prevent the inside of the tubular membrane module from becoming an abnormally high pressure.

本発明に係る逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図。1 is a general view schematically showing a reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. 本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図。FIG. 3 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. 本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図。FIG. 3 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. 本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図。FIG. 3 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. 本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図。FIG. 3 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention. 本発明に係る他の逆浸透濃縮装置を略示する全体図。FIG. 3 is a general view schematically showing another reverse osmosis concentrator according to the present invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１１〜１６ 濃縮ユニット
２１〜２６ 被濃縮物の流路
３１〜３６ 供給ポンプ
４１〜４６ 濃縮物の流路
５１〜５４ ノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁
６１〜６４，６６，６８ 第１分岐路
６５，６７，６９ 第２分岐路
７１〜７４，７６，７８ 吸気弁
７５，７７，７９ 安全弁
８１，８２ ブーストポンプ
９１，９２ 背圧ポンプ
11-16 Concentration unit 21-26 Condensate flow path 31-36 Supply pump 41-46 Concentrate flow path 51-54 Normally open type pressure control valve 61-64, 66, 68 First branch 65, 67, 69 Second branch 71-74, 76, 78 Intake valve 75, 77, 79 Safety valve 81, 82 Boost pump 91, 92 Back pressure pump

Claims (8)

被濃縮物を逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットへ供給して高圧下に流下させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようにした逆浸透濃縮装置において、濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に無制御下では開放状態となる圧力制御弁が取付けられており、該圧力制御弁よりも上流側又は下流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路が設けられていて、該第１分岐路に吸気弁が取付けられて成ることを特徴とする逆浸透濃縮装置。   In a reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus in which the concentrate is supplied to a concentrating unit using a reverse osmosis membrane module and is allowed to flow under high pressure, the reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus has no flow in the concentrate flow path on the outlet side of the concentrating unit. A pressure control valve that is open under control is attached, and a first branch path is provided in the flow path of the concentrate upstream or downstream of the pressure control valve, and the first branch path is provided in the first branch path. A reverse osmosis concentrator having an intake valve attached thereto. 無制御下では開放状態となる圧力制御弁がノーマルオープンタイプの圧力制御弁である請求項１記載の逆浸透濃縮装置。   2. The reverse osmosis concentrator according to claim 1, wherein the pressure control valve that is open under no control is a normally open type pressure control valve. 圧力制御弁よりも下流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路が設けられた請求項１又は２記載の逆浸透濃縮装置。   The reverse osmosis concentrating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a first branch passage is provided in a flow path of the concentrate downstream of the pressure control valve. 第１分岐路及び圧力制御弁よりも下流側における濃縮物の流路に更にブーストポンプが取付けられた請求項１〜３のいずれか一つの項記載の逆浸透濃縮装置。   The reverse osmosis concentrating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a boost pump is further attached to a flow path of the concentrate downstream of the first branch path and the pressure control valve. 圧力制御弁が圧力制御用のニードル弁である請求項１〜４のいずれか一つの項記載の逆浸透濃縮装置。   The reverse osmosis concentrating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure control valve is a pressure control needle valve. 被濃縮物を逆浸透膜モジュールを用いた濃縮ユニットへ供給して高圧下に流下させることにより逆浸透濃縮するようにした逆浸透濃縮装置において、濃縮ユニットの出口側における濃縮物の流路に背圧ポンプが取付けられており、該背圧ポンプよりも上流側又は下流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路が設けられていて、該第１分岐路に吸気弁が取付けられて成ることを特徴とする逆浸透濃縮装置。   In a reverse osmosis concentrating apparatus in which the concentrate is supplied to a concentration unit using a reverse osmosis membrane module and is allowed to flow under high pressure to reverse osmosis concentration, the back side of the concentrate flow path on the outlet side of the concentration unit. A pressure pump is attached, a first branch path is provided in the flow path of the concentrate upstream or downstream of the back pressure pump, and an intake valve is mounted on the first branch path. A reverse osmosis concentrator characterized by. 背圧ポンプよりも上流側における濃縮物の流路に第１分岐路が設けられた請求項６記載の逆浸透濃縮装置。   The reverse osmosis concentrator according to claim 6, wherein a first branch passage is provided in a flow path of the concentrate upstream of the back pressure pump. 第１分岐路よりも上流側における濃縮物の流路に更に第２分岐路が設けられており、該第２分岐路に安全弁が取付けられた請求項１〜７のいずれか一つの項記載の逆浸透濃縮装置。
The second branch path is further provided in the flow path of the concentrate upstream from the first branch path, and a safety valve is attached to the second branch path. Reverse osmosis concentrator.
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JPS57144003A (en) * 1981-03-03 1982-09-06 Toyota Motor Corp Operating method for membrane separator
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CN110038439A (en) * 2018-01-17 2019-07-23 九阳股份有限公司 A kind of reverse osmosis composite filter element component

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