JP2007246012A - Outboard motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outboard motor having a simple structure capable of suppressing oil leakage from a gear oil chamber and an increase of oil pressure. <P>SOLUTION: In the outboard motor which arranges a planetary gear unit 70 below a crank shaft 59 of an engine 60, and transmits an output of the engine 60 to a drive shaft 53a via a planetary gear unit 50, and transmits a rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft 53a to a propeller shaft 53c, the engine 60 has an engine oil chamber 600, the planetary gear unit 70 has a gear oil chamber 700, and also has a bypass passage 800 communicated from the gear oil chamber 700 to the engine oil chamber 600. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an outboard motor, and more particularly to an outboard motor equipped with a planetary gear unit.

  Among such outboard motors, there is one in which the rotational output of the engine is decelerated by the planetary gear unit and transmitted to the propeller shaft (Patent Document 1).

In addition, a planetary gear unit is arranged directly below the engine and coaxially with the drive shaft. The basic structure of the planetary gear unit is to fix the ring gear, input torque from the crankshaft to the sun gear, and carry the revolution torque of the planetary gear as a carrier. Some have adopted a structure that outputs to the drive shaft via
JP-A-1-273790

  As described above, some outboard motors include a planetary gear unit, and the engine oil chamber of the engine and the gear oil chamber of the planetary gear unit are separated. For example, the oil seal of the crankshaft is damaged. If the seal between the engine oil chamber and the gear oil chamber is incomplete, the gear oil chamber is located at the lower part of the engine oil chamber, so the engine oil leaking from the oil seal etc. May get into. If the pressure in the oil chamber rises due to the temperature rise in the oil chamber or high engine rotation, the oil chamber cannot be absorbed if the oil chamber is filled with oil, and the oil leaks from the drain plug or seal. Sometimes. Further, when the oil pressure in the gear oil chamber increases, the gear transmission efficiency of the planetary gear unit may be adversely affected.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide an outboard motor that can suppress an increase in oil pressure in a gear oil chamber with a simple structure.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the present invention is configured as follows.

The invention described in claim 1
An outboard motor which arranges a planetary gear unit below the crankshaft of the engine, transmits the output of the engine to the drive shaft through the planetary gear unit, and transmits the rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft to the propeller shaft In
The engine has an engine oil chamber,
The planetary gear unit has a gear oil chamber,
An outboard motor comprising a bypass passage leading from the gear oil chamber to the engine oil chamber.

The invention described in claim 2
The bypass passage is arranged in the vertical direction,
2. The outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of the bypass passage is located above a specified oil level of the engine oil chamber.

The invention described in claim 3
The bypass passage is arranged in the vertical direction,
3. The outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein a lower end of the bypass passage is located above a specified oil level of the gear oil chamber.

  With the above configuration, the present invention has the following effects.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a bypass passage that leads from the gear oil chamber to the engine oil chamber is provided. Engine oil from the engine oil chamber leaks and enters the gear oil chamber. Even if the air gap is low and the oil temperature increases due to operation and the pressure rises, oil can leak from the drain plug by releasing the pressure from the gear oil chamber to the engine oil chamber via the bypass passage. In addition, adverse effects of gear transmission efficiency can be prevented.

  In the second aspect of the invention, the upper end of the bypass passage is located above the specified oil level of the engine oil chamber, so that the oil between the gear oil chamber and the engine oil chamber is normal in the normal operation of the outboard motor. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the excess or deficiency of either oil level.

  In the third aspect of the invention, the lower end of the bypass passage is positioned above the specified oil level of the gear oil chamber, so that the oil flow between the gear oil chamber and the engine oil chamber is normal in the outboard motor operation. There is no traffic, and it is possible to prevent the excess or deficiency of either oil level.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the outboard motor of the present invention will be described. However, the embodiments of the present invention show the most preferable modes of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of an outboard motor mounted on a ship, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the engine of the outboard motor, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the engine of the outboard motor as viewed from the rear in the traveling direction. In this embodiment, the forward direction, the rear side, the right side, and the left side are defined with respect to the traveling direction in which the ship advances, and the vertical direction is defined as the vertical direction.

  First, in FIG. 1, the ship has a transom board 2 at the rear of the hull 1. A clamp bracket 10 is fixed to the transom board 2 by a clamp screw mechanism 20. A swivel bracket 30 is rotatably connected to the clamp bracket 10 via a tilt shaft 4. A support cylinder 51 of the propulsion unit 50 is supported on the swivel bracket 30 via upper and lower swivel bracket covers 33 so as to be rotatable.

  An upper casing 157 is attached to the lower part of the support cylinder 51, and a lower casing 158 is attached to the lower end of the upper casing 157. A drive shaft 53 a is disposed in the upper casing 157. The lower casing 158 is provided with a power transmission gear unit 53b and a propeller shaft 53c, and a propeller 52 is provided on the propeller shaft 53c.

  On the other hand, a four-cycle engine 60 is provided above the support cylinder 51 via a planetary gear unit 70. The engine 60 is air-cooled, and the power of the engine 60 is decelerated by a speed reduction mechanism 70 a built in the planetary gear unit 70, thereby constituting a power transmission mechanism 53 built in the upper casing 157 and the lower casing 158 from the support cylinder 51. Is transmitted to the propeller 52 via the drive shaft 53a, the power transmission gear unit 53b, and the propeller shaft 53c, and a propulsive force is obtained by the rotation of the propeller 52.

  The engine 60 has an engine main body 61, and the engine main body 61 is arranged with the cylinder 62 facing rearward. An intake pipe 63 is connected to the upper part of the cylinder 62, and an air cleaner 64 is connected to the intake pipe 63. A carburetor 65 is disposed in the intake pipe 63, and the carburetor 65 is operated by a throttle operation mechanism 80. An exhaust pipe 265 is connected to the lower part of the cylinder 62, and a muffler 266 is connected to the exhaust pipe 265 so that the exhaust gas is exhausted in the air.

  The throttle operation mechanism 80 includes a throttle lever 81, a first throttle rod 82, a second throttle rod 83, a support link 84, an operation link 85, and an operation shaft 86. The throttle lever 81 is rotatably supported on a mounting plate 87 with a rotating shaft 88 as a fulcrum. One end of the first throttle rod 82 is locked to the throttle lever 81, and the other end of the first throttle rod 82 is connected to the support link 84. It is locked. One end of the second throttle rod 83 is locked to the support link 84, the other end of the second throttle rod 83 is locked to the operation link 85, and the operation link 85 is fixed to the operation shaft 86. By pulling the throttle lever 81 forward, the operation shaft 86 is rotated in the opening direction via the first throttle rod 82, the support link 84, the second throttle rod 83, and the operation link 85, while the throttle lever 81 is returned. The operating shaft 86 can be returned to the initial closed position.

  The mounting plate 87 is fastened and fixed to the right side of the engine main body 61 by a bolt 188, and has a stopper 89 that restricts the rotation of the throttle lever 81, and the operation position in the pulling direction when the claw portion 81a of the throttle lever 81 abuts. Regulate. The support link 84 is rotatably supported by a bearing portion 163 a formed integrally with the intake pipe 63.

  A fuel tank 90 is disposed on the upper portion of the engine body 61. The rear side of the fuel tank 90 is supported on both sides of the engine body 61 by a pair of left and right stays 91, and the front side is supported by a flywheel magneto cover 93 of the engine body 61 by one front side stay 92. A predetermined space 190 is formed between 90 and the flywheel magneto cover 93. A starter handle 101 for starting the recoil starter 100 protrudes from the front side of the flywheel magnet cover 93 so that the passenger can easily start the engine 60 by pulling the starter handle 101 from the front side.

  The pair of left and right stays 91 are respectively formed in an L shape, and mounting portions 91a extending in the vertical direction are mounted on both side portions of the engine body 61 by bolts 94, and brackets 91c are welded to support portions 91b extending rearward. Attachment portions 90a on the left and right sides of the fuel tank 90 are fastened and fixed to the bracket 91c by bolts 95.

  The front stay 92 is formed so as to extend left and right, and is fixed to the upper part of the front side of the flywheel magneto cover 93 by welding or the like. A pair of left and right mounting portions 90 b formed on the front side of the fuel tank 90 are fastened and fixed to the front stay 92 by bolts 96. A fuel cap 90c is provided at the upper part of the fuel tank 90, and the fuel is supplied by removing the fuel cap 90c. A fuel cock 90d is provided at the lower right side of the fuel tank 90. By opening the fuel cock 90d, fuel is supplied to the carburetor 65 via the fuel supply pipe 90e.

  A handle mounting portion 110 is fastened and fixed to the lower left portion of the engine main body 61 by a bolt 111. A manual operation handle 112 is provided on the handle attachment portion 110 so as to be rotatable about a rotation shaft 113. The position adjustment of the manual operation handle 112 is performed by tightening and fixing the positioning bolt 114 at a predetermined position of the arc-shaped groove 112b provided in the base 112a. State.

  In this outboard motor, the front end 30a of the swivel bracket 30 is in contact with a stopper 211 fixed to the clamp bracket 10, and can be tilted up with the tilt shaft 4 as a fulcrum. Further, the outboard motor of FIG. 1 shows a forward movement state, and when moving backward, the propulsion unit 50 is rotated around the axis center of the support cylinder 51 to be reversed forward and backward. The lifting prevention claw 120 fixed to the support cylinder 51 of the propulsion unit 50 by this reverse rotation is engaged with the support piece 121 fixed to the clamp bracket 10 so that the propulsion unit 50 is not lifted by the propulsive force of the propeller 52. To do.

  In addition, since the engine 60 of the propulsion unit 50 is not covered with a cowl, this outboard motor is directly exposed to seawater or water when used in the sea or a lake. It is easy to wash it. Further, since the fuel tank 90 is disposed above the engine body 61 so as to form a space 190, the space 190 can be easily washed with water.

  When this outboard motor travels in shallow water, for example, the occupant pulls the side support stay 91 toward the water in order to bring the propeller 52 onto the water surface, so that the propulsion unit 50 moves upward with the tilt shaft 4 as a fulcrum. Rotate to tilt up. The tilt shaft 4 is disposed behind the transom board 2 and below the upper end 2a, and the distance L1 between the position of the tilt shaft 4 and the center of gravity position G of the outboard motor is shortened. The load when tilting up can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the passenger can pull the engine 60 forward by hand, and the propulsion unit 50 can be easily tilted up.

  Next, the planetary gear unit of the outboard motor will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the planetary gear unit with the crankshaft and drive shaft assembled, and FIG. 5 is a view showing the outboard motor tilted up.

  The planetary gear unit 70 of this embodiment is disposed below the crankshaft 59 of the engine 60, and the output of the engine 60 is transmitted to the drive shaft 53a via the planetary gear unit 70. A lower end portion 59 a of the crankshaft 59 protrudes downward from a bearing portion 163 a of a crankcase cover 163 fixed to the crankcase 162 of the engine body 61.

  Engine oil EL is accumulated in the crankcase cover 163, and a bearing 300 and a seal member 301 are provided between the bearing portion 163 a of the crankcase cover 163 and the lower end portion 59 a of the crankshaft 59.

  The planetary gear unit 70 includes a unit housing 71, a ring gear 72, a planetary gear 73, a sun gear 74, and a carrier 75. The unit housing 71 is formed into a cylindrical shape by casting, for example, an aluminum alloy, and includes a large-diameter upper portion 71a, a small-diameter central portion 71b, and a medium-diameter lower portion 71c. The unit housing 71 stores gear oil GL, and the upper portion 71a is formed with a drain discharge hole 71a1 for discharging the gear oil during maintenance or the like, and a drain plug 400 is provided in the drain discharge hole 71a1. The engine oil EL and the gear oil GL use the same component oil, and for example, supply passages are different.

  An upper part 71 a of the unit housing 71 is connected to the crankcase cover 163, and a lower part 71 c is connected to the support cylinder 51. The ring gear 72 is fastened to the upper portion 71a of the unit housing 71 by a ring gear fixing bolt 176, and is fixed inside the upper portion 71a.

  In this embodiment, three planetary gears 73 mesh with the ring gear 72. The planetary gear 73 meshes with the sun gear 74, and the sun gear 74 is disposed coaxially with the crankshaft 59. The carrier 75 is integrally formed by casting a disk part 75a and a carrier shaft part 75b. A concave portion 75 b 1 is formed on the upper portion of the carrier shaft portion 75 b, and the lower shaft portion 74 a of the sun gear 74 is supported by the concave portion 75 b 1 via a bearing 500. A spline is formed on the upper shaft portion 74 b of the sun gear 74. The upper shaft portion 74b is spline-engaged with a support hole 59a in which a spline is formed in the lower end portion 59a of the crankshaft 59.

  A support cover 510 is press-fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the disk portion 75 a, the planetary gear support pin 77 is inserted into the mounting hole 510 a of the support cover 510, and the planetary gear support pin 77 is further attached to the bearing 77 a of the planetary gear 73. It is inserted and press-fitted into the mounting hole 75a1 of the disk part 75a through the tip part 77a. Thus, the planetary gear support pin 77 is provided upright at three positions on the disk portion 75a, and the planetary gear 73 is supported on the planetary gear support pin 77 via the bearing 77a.

  The carrier shaft portion 75b is formed with a drive shaft fitting portion 75b1 having a spline formed thereon, and the upper portion 53a1 formed with a spline of the drive shaft 53a is spline-engaged with the drive shaft fitting portion 75b1. . The carrier shaft portion 75b is rotatably supported by the central portion 71b via a carrier bearing 79, and a seal member 280 is provided between the lower portion 71c.

  Next, the power transmission operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the rotational force of the crankshaft 59 of the engine 60 is transmitted to the sun gear 74. As the sun gear 74 rotates, the planetary gear 73 rotates and revolves around the sun gear 74. The rotation of the planetary gear 73 causes the carrier 75 to rotate, and the rotation of the carrier 75 causes the drive shaft 53a to rotate integrally and decelerate.

  In the engine 60 of this embodiment, an engine oil chamber 600 is formed by the crankcase cover 163 and the crankcase 162. In this engine oil chamber 600, engine oil EL is accumulated so as to reach a specified oil level L10. In the planetary gear unit 70, a gear oil chamber 700 is formed by the unit housing 71 and the bottom portion 163 d of the crankcase cover 163. In this gear oil chamber 700, gear oil GL is accumulated so as to be at a specified oil level L20.

  A bypass passage 800 leading from the gear oil chamber 700 to the engine oil chamber 600 is provided. The bypass passage 800 includes a communication hole 801 formed through the crankcase cover 163 and a bypass pipe 802 inserted into the communication hole 801. It is configured. The bypass passage 800 may be formed only by the bypass pipe 802 by passing the bypass pipe 802 through the communication hole 801 to the lower side of the crankcase cover 163. Further, a boss portion may be extended in the vertical direction on the crankcase cover 163, and a bypass passage may be formed in the boss portion by machining.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the bypass passage 800 is disposed on the cylinder axis L30 of the engine 60, and is disposed at a position where the oil level is lower than the specified oil level L10 when tilted up. preferable.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the bypass passage 800 is arranged in the vertical direction in a normal operation state. The lower end of the bypass passage 800, that is, the lower end portion 801 a of the communication hole 801 is located above the specified oil level L 20 of the gear oil chamber 700. The upper end of the bypass passage 800, that is, the upper end portion 802a of the bypass pipe 802 is located above the specified oil level L10 of the engine oil chamber 600.

  In this outboard motor, the bearing 300 and the seal member 301 are provided between the bearing portion 163a of the crankcase cover 163 and the lower end portion 59a of the crankshaft 59. The engine oil EL from the engine oil chamber 600 may enter the gear oil chamber 700 due to leakage from between the seal member 301 and the lower end portion 59 a of the crankshaft 59. In this way, when the engine oil EL enters the gear oil chamber 700, the gear oil chamber 700 is full, the gap in the gear oil chamber 700 is small, and the oil temperature increases due to operation and the pressure rises. Since the pressure escapes from the gear oil chamber 700 to the engine oil chamber 600 via the bypass passage 800, oil does not leak from the drain plug 400, and the adverse effect of the gear transmission efficiency of the planetary gear unit 70 can be prevented. it can.

  Further, the lower end of the bypass passage 800 is positioned above the specified oil level L20 of the gear oil chamber 700, and the upper end of the bypass passage 800 is positioned above the specified oil level L10 of the engine oil chamber 600, as shown in FIG. As shown, in normal operation of the outboard motor, there is no oil flow between the gear oil chamber 700 and the engine oil chamber 600, and it is possible to prevent the excess or deficiency of either oil level.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 5, when the outboard motor is tilted up, the front side of the engine oil chamber 600 is low and the rear side is high. Therefore, since the engine oil moves forward, the engine oil in the engine oil chamber 600 does not enter from the upper end of the bypass passage 800, and it is possible to prevent the engine oil chamber 600 from flowing back to the gear oil chamber 700 as much as possible.

  The present invention can be applied to an outboard motor equipped with a planetary gear unit, and it is possible to suppress an oil leak in the gear oil chamber and an increase in oil pressure with a simple structure.

It is a side view of the state where an outboard motor is mounted on a ship. It is a top view of the engine of an outboard motor. It is the side view which looked at the engine of the outboard motor from the advancing direction back. It is sectional drawing of the assembled state of the crankshaft and drive shaft of a planetary gear unit. It is a figure which shows the state which the outboard motor tilted up.

Explanation of symbols

1 Hull 2 Transom board 4 Tilt shaft 10 Clamp bracket 20 Clamp screw mechanism 30 Swivel bracket 33 Swivel bracket cover 50 Propulsion unit 51 Support cylinder 52 Propeller 53 Power transmission mechanism 53a Drive shaft 53c Propeller shaft 59 Crank shaft 60 Engine 61 Engine body 163 Crank Case cover 70 Planetary gear unit 70a Transmission mechanism 71 Unit housing 72 Ring gear 73 Planetary gear 74 Sun gear 74a Gear shaft portion 74a1 Crank shaft fitting portion 75 Carrier 75a Disk portion 75b Carrier shaft portion 75b1 Drive shaft fitting portion 76 For sun gear bearing Pin 77 Planetary gear support pin 90 Fuel tank 91 Front support stay 92 Side support stay 160 Tilt stopper mechanism 176 Ring gear fixing bolt 182 Thin plate cover 91 plain bearing 281 slide bearing 600 Engine oil chamber 700 gear oil chamber 800 bypass passage 801 communicating hole 802 bypass pipe

Claims (3)

An outboard motor which arranges a planetary gear unit below the crankshaft of the engine, transmits the output of the engine to the drive shaft through the planetary gear unit, and transmits the rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft to the propeller shaft In
The engine has an engine oil chamber,
The planetary gear unit has a gear oil chamber,
An outboard motor comprising a bypass passage leading from the gear oil chamber to the engine oil chamber. The bypass passage is arranged in the vertical direction,
The outboard motor according to claim 1, wherein an upper end of the bypass passage is located above a specified oil level of the engine oil chamber. The bypass passage is arranged in the vertical direction,
The outboard motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a lower end of the bypass passage is located above a specified oil level of the gear oil chamber.