JP2007238551A - Composition for controlling red tide organism and method for controlling red tide organism therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition for controlling red tide organisms, containing natural rocks as main components, and to provide a method for controlling red tide organisms with the composition. <P>SOLUTION: This composition for controlling the red tide organisms, containing the natural rocks as main components, is characterized by comprising 100 pts.mass of kaolinite particles, 40 to 60 pts.mass of sericite particles, 3 to 20 pts.mass of fluorite particles, and 3 to 20 pts.mass of hydroponics particles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a composition for controlling red tide organisms comprising natural rock as a main component and a method for controlling red tide organisms using the composition, specifically, as a main component, kaolite, One or more selected from the group consisting of Al ₄ Si ₄ O ₁₀ (OH) ₈ ) particles, sericite particles, fluorite (CaF ₂ ) particles and hydroponics particles The present invention relates to a composition characterized by further containing natural rock and aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) ₃ ) as an accessory component, and a method for controlling red tide organisms using the composition.

  In general, the red tide phenomenon represented by English names such as red tide, red water, and brown water is defined as “a specific type of plankton rapidly grows and changes the color of water”. This red tide phenomenon occurs frequently not only in South Korea but also in the coastal areas of Japan, the United States / California, the Southeast Asian coast, and the North Sea coast, in addition to inducing necrosis and harmful phenomena of seafood. Decreasing the water use value, and overcoming the economic value, will cause major environmental problems in the entire ecosystem.

  Until now, the cause of the red tide has not been clarified, but it is known to be caused by excessive photosynthesis of specific phytoplankton due to increased solar radiation, increased nutrients due to insufficient seawater exchange, and increased seawater temperature. It has been.

Conventionally, in order to remove or mitigate the red tide phenomenon, herbicides, ferrous sulfate (FeSO ₄ ), hypochlorous acid (HClO) or hypochlorite ions (ClO ⁻ ), surfactants, and the like There were chemical methods for destroying or killing red tide organisms, biological methods for spraying natural enemy organisms, and physical methods such as ultrasonic or ozone activation methods, centrifugation methods and electrolysis methods. However, such a method has a high risk of necrotizing the seafood and seaweed being cultured, and the effect has not been sufficiently proven.

  Therefore, at present, the most widely used method for controlling red tide is a method of spraying loess or a polymer flocculant to adsorb or flocculate red tide organisms to settle or recover. However, in such a method, the colloidal particles are agglomerated and adsorbed, so that the control efficiency is proportional to the ion content of metals such as Al and Fe. If a certain time passes after the agent descends to the bottom of the seawater, it will be restored again. For this reason, the conventionally used method is not only a method for temporarily removing the red tide, but also has a disadvantage that the application amount is enormous and the ecosystem is destroyed again.

  Therefore, the present invention has an excellent red tide control effect even when sprayed in a relatively small amount, and its composition is very simple and economical, such as spraying loess, and an economical composition for controlling red tide organisms. The purpose is to provide a method for controlling red tide organisms.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition for controlling red tide organisms that can minimize secondary environmental destruction by using natural rock as a main component, and a method for controlling red tide organisms using the same. is there.

  In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a composition for controlling red tide organisms comprising natural rock as a main component. In 100 mass parts of mucous porcelain particles, 40-60 masses of sericite particles. A composition comprising 3 to 20 parts by mass of fluorite particles and 3 to 20 parts by mass of hydroponics particles.

  Preferably, the composition further includes 5 to 10 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sericite particles.

  Desirably, the average particle diameters of the clay particles, the sericite particles, the fluorite particles, and the hydroponics medium particles are 60 μm or less, respectively.

  Preferably, the red tide organism is a genus Cochlodinium (Dinoflagellate), a genus Skeletonema (small diatom), a genus Chaetoceros (small diatom), a genus Nitzschia ), Gymnodinium (Gymnodinium belonging to the phytoplankton dinoflagellate), Gyrodinium (Gyrodinium belonging to the dinoflagellate), Prorocentrum, Heterosigma, Noticula, and Goniolac One or more red tide organisms selected from the group consisting of the genus (Gonyulax belonging to the dinoflagellate).

Further, the present invention provides a method for controlling red tide organisms by spraying the composition for controlling red tide organisms in seawater, and the concentration of the composition when sprayed in seawater is ^{2 to} 8 g per 1 m ^2. A method for controlling red tide organisms is provided.

  The composition according to the present invention is excellent in red tide control effect even when sprayed in a relatively small amount, and its usage is very simple and economical as in loess spraying, while using natural rock as a main component. By doing so, the secondary environmental destruction can be minimized.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

  FIG. 1 is a photograph of the composition according to the present invention taken with a microscope.

  The composition for controlling red tide organisms according to the present invention comprises four types of particulate natural rocks as the main components: sticky porcelain particles, sericite particles, fluorite particles, and hydroponics particles. The composition of each natural rock particle is 40 to 60 parts by mass of sericite particles, 3 to 20 parts by mass of fluorite particles, and hydroponic culture medium with respect to 100 parts by mass of clay clay particles. 3 to 20 parts by mass of particles.

  The composition of the present invention can further contain aluminum hydroxide in addition to the natural rock particles. At this time, the content of aluminum hydroxide is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 10 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sericite particles.

In the present invention, clay porcelain (kaolinite, Al ₄ Si ₄ O ₁₀ (OH) ₈ ) has a hardness of 2 to 2.5 and a specific gravity of 2.6, belongs to a monoclinic system, and its crystal is fine. Hexagonal, columnar, or plate-shaped, but looks like a small scale or earth to the naked eye. Sticky porcelain is mainly used as a raw material in the ceramic and cement industries. Also, mucous porcelain has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.913, and considering that most rocks have an emissivity of far-infrared of about 0.5, mucous porcelain is remarkably superior. It means that it is a substance that exhibits far-infrared radiation. Therefore, the composition of this invention can exhibit the control effect of the red tide organism by a far infrared ray additionally by including the viscous porcelain stone which has the outstanding emissivity of a far infrared ray.

Sericite, or sericite, is a monoclinic mineral and originally meant crystal schist, especially the main component mineral of sericite schist, but today it is generated by hydrothermal action. It refers to fine clay-like muscovite (muscovite, KAl ₂ AlSi ₃ O ₁₀ (OH, F) ₂ ). The chemical composition of sericite is almost the same as that of muscovite, but it contains less calcium than muscovite and some water. Sericite is used as an admixture for ceramics and refractory bricks. Besides that, it can be used in a wide variety of applications such as paints, electrical insulators, lubricants, and cosmetic materials to improve skin adhesion. It is used for. Among the compositions of the present invention, the role played by the sericite component is not limited to the following, but components such as fluorite and hydroponic culture stone that have bactericidal power against red tide organisms adhere to red tide organisms. Can be used to make it easier.

  The composition of the sericite particles in the composition of the present invention contains 40 to 60 parts by mass of sericite particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the clay porcelain particles. At this time, if the content of the sericite particles does not reach the above range, there is a problem that the adhesive force of the composition particles according to the present invention to the red tide organism is reduced. There is a problem that optimum control efficiency cannot be obtained.

Further, fluorite (CaF ₂ ) has a hardness of 4 and a specific gravity of 3.1 to 3.2, belongs to the equiaxed crystal system, forms a hexahedral crystal or an octahedron, and is a crystalline lump or granular shape. It also makes an assembly of In general, fluorite is used in the production of steel or aluminum, glass corrosion, enamel production, lead electrolysis, optical equipment, etc., and its application is very wide and wide. Further, since the fluorite particles themselves contain fluorine, it is known that they have an excellent bactericidal effect due to the fluorine ions generated during ionization.

  The composition of the fluorite in the composition of the present invention contains 3 to 20 parts by mass of fluorite particles with respect to 100 parts by mass of the clay clay particles. When the content of fluorite particles is less than 3 parts by mass, there is a problem that a sufficient bactericidal effect by the fluorite particles cannot be obtained.

Furthermore, hydroponic culture media is a rock that is frequently used in plant culture media, and is a rock that exerts a bactericidal power that is superior to plant root pests and bacteria. In general, hydroponic culture means a method of cultivating a plant only with a culture solution in which nutrients necessary for the growth of the plant are dissolved. In such a hydroponic culture, only the root is contained in a container. It is supported by a lid or other object so as to be immersed in the hydroponic liquid, and the hydroponic liquid is changed at regular intervals, but occasionally the liquid is replaced or compressed air is jetted into the liquid to improve ventilation. The medium used for such hydroponic culture includes a solid medium and a non-solid medium. Here, the solid medium is a rock of rocks containing about 80% of SiO ₂ among chemical components. Although it is mainly used, this is called the so-called hydroponic culture medium.

  The rock most widely used for hydroponic culture media is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include rock wool, vermiculite, perlite, and ferrite, and preferably rock wool and vermiculite. ) And perlite. The hydroponics culture stone may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more.

  Of the above hydroponic cultures, rock wool is also referred to as rock fiber. It is a fiber that is melted at a high heat of 1,500 ° C. to 1,600 ° C., and is blown out strongly with compressed air from the bottom of the furnace, and has a very low cation exchange capacity, or It is a rock widely adopted in hydroponic culture because it has almost no water content and is very consistent in culture capacity.

  Meteorite is a clay mineral composed of aluminum, magnesium, and iron hydroxide silicates. It is a rock with an off-white or brown hue and pearly luster. It has a high cation exchange capacity and a strong basicity, so it is mainly mixed with peat moss during hydroponic cultivation.

  Furthermore, perlite is a glassy rock produced by rapidly cooling lava generated by volcanic activity, containing 2.5% crystal water, and rapidly heated at a temperature of 871 ° C or higher. For example, while crystal water is vaporized, it foams into light white porous particles called expanded perlite. Perlite is a chemical stone that is inert (pH 7.0 to 8.5), has a low cation exchange ability, and has a low water content ability.

  The composition of the hydroponics cultivated stone in the composition of the present invention contains hydroponic cultivated stone particles in a content of 3 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the clay clay particles. It is preferable that the hydroponic cultivated stone particles include one or more rock particles selected from the group consisting of rock wool, aragonite and pearlite. When the content of the hydroponics cultivated stone particles is less than 3 parts by mass, there is a problem that a sufficient sterilizing effect by the hydroponics cultivated stone particles cannot be obtained.

  Moreover, as above-mentioned, the composition of this invention can further contain 5-10 mass parts of aluminum hydroxide with respect to 100 mass parts of said sericite particle | grains as a subcomponent. Aluminum hydroxide does not diffuse quickly due to the characteristics of the rock itself when the sericite particles, mucous porcelain stone particles, fluorite particles, and hydroponic medium particles flow into the seawater. It is added to overcome the disadvantages and facilitate the diffusion of the particles. In addition to the above effects, an effect of imparting an additional sterilizing effect is achieved by adding aluminum hydroxide.

  The average particle size of the four types of rock particles contained in the composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected, but is desirably 60 μm or less. When the average particle size exceeds 60 μm, the buoyancy in seawater is weakened and the sterilizing effect is lowered, and the duration of the sterilizing effect may be shortened. Such rock particles having an average particle diameter can be prepared by a known method. For example, the above-mentioned commercially available natural rock is pulverized by a known pulverization method such as compression, impact, friction, shearing, and the like. It can be easily prepared, for example, by classification with a sieve with openings.

  The composition according to the present invention is widely applied to phytoplankton and zooplankton (red tide organisms) capable of inducing red tide. Such a red tide organism is not particularly limited and is generally a phytoplankton or zooplankton that induces the red tide, and specifically, a Cochlodinium genus (Dinoflagellate), Skeltonema ( The genus Skeletonema (small diatoms), the genus Chaetoceros (small diatoms), the genus Nitzschia (genus Hydrangea), the gymnodinium (genus Gymnodinium) belonging to the dinoflagellates of the phytoplankton, the gyrodynium There are Gyrodinium genus, Prorocentrum genus, Heterosigma genus, Noticula genus, and Goniolax (Gonyalux genus belonging to dinoflagellate) . The composition of the present invention exhibits effective protective ability against one or more red tide organisms.

The present invention also provides a method for controlling red tide organisms by spraying the composition for controlling red tide organisms in seawater. Under the present circumstances, the dispersion | distribution density | concentration in the seawater of a composition is about 2-8g per 1 m < ² > at the time of dispersion | distribution. When the spraying concentration exceeds the above range, there is a problem that the economic efficiency is lowered. When the spraying concentration is not reached, there is a problem that a sufficient red tide organism control effect cannot be obtained.

The application concentration as described above of the composition according to the invention is significantly lower than in the case of application of loess (in the case of application of ocher, the appropriate application concentration is 100 to 400 g / m ² ), thus the composition of the invention Goods can achieve excellent red tide organism control effects even with a small amount of application.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. The following examples are merely illustrative for illustrating the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

Example 1 Production of Composition of the Present Invention Using a commercially available lithotripter, mucous clay, sericite, fluorite and hydroponic culture stone were pulverized into a powder having an average particle size of 60 μm or less. Next, using a stirrer, the mixture was mixed at a mass ratio of 100 g of clay porcelain particles, 50 g of sericite particles, 10 g of fluorite particles, and 10 g of hydroponic culture medium, and then the aluminum hydroxide powder 3 An additional 0.5 g was added. The produced composition was stored in a dry place at room temperature.

Example 2: Laboratory experiment on red tide organism control efficiency In this example, Cochrodinium polycricoides were used as red tide organisms to be controlled. At this time, the density of the organism in the culture solution was adjusted to 2,000 cells / ml. A composition having the composition ratio of Example 1 and having a composition of powder (average particle size of 60 μm or less) and a particle having a diameter of 3 mm prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average diameter is 3 mm. The composition 2 consisting of the above was added at a concentration of 10 ppm, the control efficiency over time was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

  In the following table, the control efficiency was calculated by the following formula.

  As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the composition according to the present invention was able to kill cockrodinium polyclicoides with a control efficiency of 90% or more within 1 hour after application.

Example 3: Field Experiments on Red Tide Biocontrol Efficiency The composition according to the present invention (the composition obtained in Example 1) was used for red tide prevention and red tide control at the five farms in Gyeongsangnamdo and Tongyeong. As a result of its use as a product, it exhibited excellent preventive and extermination effects. By this, even if a relatively small amount is sprayed, it is excellent in red tide control effect, its usage method is very simple like loess spraying, while being economical, using natural rock as the main component, It is expected that secondary environmental destruction can be minimized.

  The composition for controlling red tide organisms and the method for controlling red tide organisms using the same according to the present invention can be effectively applied to, for example, technical fields related to red tides.

It is the photograph which expanded and image | photographed the composition by this invention with a microscope.

Claims (6)

In the composition for the control of red tide organisms based on natural rocks,
It contains 40 to 60 parts by mass of sericite particles, 3 to 20 parts by mass of fluorite particles, and 3 to 20 parts by mass of hydroponics particles for 100 parts by mass of clay particles And a composition.   The composition according to claim 1, wherein the hydroponic culture stone particles include one or more selected from the group consisting of rock wool, aragonite, and perlite.   The composition according to claim 1, further comprising 5 to 10 parts by mass of aluminum hydroxide with respect to 100 parts by mass of the sericite particles.   The average particle diameters of the clay clay particles, sericite particles, fluorite particles, and hydroponics particles are each independently 60 μm or less. The composition of any one of these.   The red tide organism is selected from the group consisting of Cockrodinium, Skeletonema, Keitoseros, Nichia, Gymnodinium, Gyrodinium, Prolocentrum, Heterosigma, Noticula, and Goniolax The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is one or more red tide organisms. In a method for controlling red tide organisms by spraying the composition for controlling red tide organisms according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in seawater,
A method for controlling red tide organisms, wherein the composition is sprayed so that the concentration thereof when sprayed in seawater is ^{2 to} 8 g per 1 m ² .