JP2007215584A - X-ray diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus allowing an operator to easily specify the position of the apparatus which a movable part approach on the movement trajectory in the process of moving the movable part of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus, and to efficiently perform the operation of avoiding the contact of the both parts with each other. <P>SOLUTION: Detection signals transmitted from approach sensors 28-30 are converted to digital signals by a signal processing part 5 in an alarm control part 3. The converted signals are correlated to the approach sensors which transmitted the detection signals, and different alarm sounds are output from the respective approach sensors. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that obtains a diagnostic radiation image by moving a movable part and detecting radiation, and in particular, based on the result of detecting the presence of an object by a detection means such as a proximity sensor, The present invention relates to a technique for controlling the movement of a movable part.

  In a conventional X-ray diagnostic apparatus, there is a case where the movable part contacts or collides with an operator who operates the subject or the apparatus or a peripheral device (hereinafter referred to as “object”) by moving the movable part. . In order to prevent this collision, etc., conventionally, a non-contact type proximity sensor represented by a capacitance type or the like is provided, and the presence of the target object is detected by the proximity sensor in a non-contact manner, thereby colliding with the target object. The movable part is stopped before (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

In another conventional apparatus, when the sensor detects that the object has approached a predetermined distance while moving the movable part, an alarm is issued, and when the movable part further approaches the object, the movement of the movable part is decelerated. Alternatively, it is stopped (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Publication No. 11-506692 (Pages 5, 9 and 1) JP 2001-208504 A (page 2-5, FIGS. 2 and 4) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-219118 (FIG. 1)

  However, the conventional apparatus has the following problems.

  The conventional device is effective in stopping the operation and avoiding contact or collision between the movable part and the object when an alarm is issued. However, although the approaching object is different, the alarm sound of the same mode is emitted, which causes a problem that it is difficult to specify which object the moving part is approaching. In addition, there is a problem that it is not possible to make an instantaneous determination to avoid contact. Due to the delay of the avoidance determination, there is a disadvantage that it takes time until the operation of the apparatus is stopped and the avoidance operation and the re-operation are performed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that can easily identify an apparatus part where a movable part is approaching and can perform apparatus operation efficiently. The main purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following configuration.

  That is, in the first invention, a radiation image for diagnosis is obtained by detecting radiation emitted from the X-ray tube toward the subject while detecting the radiation, while controlling the movement of the plurality of movable parts. A line diagnostic apparatus based on detection means for detecting that each of at least two or more movable parts approaches an object, notification means capable of notification in a different mode, and a detection signal from the detection means And a control means for controlling the notification mode notified from the notification means differently according to the movable part approaching the object.

  [Operation / Effect] According to this configuration, different notifications are made from the notification means in accordance with the device part detected by the detection means. Therefore, the operator can easily specify which part of the apparatus the countermeasure object is approaching by the notification in different modes. In addition, when the part of the movable part that approaches the countermeasure is specified, it is possible to instantaneously determine in which direction the movement of the movable part can be avoided by changing the movement of the movable part from the operation state at that time. As a result, it is not necessary to stop the operation of the apparatus, so that work efficiency can be improved. The “object” in the present invention includes a human body such as a subject and an operator, peripheral devices, and the like.

  In this configuration, for example, the following configuration can be cited. The X-ray tube and the radiation detection means are arranged opposite to the tip of the C-arm so as to sandwich the subject, and the detection means is arranged at least in the X-ray tube and the radiation detection means.

  Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of detection means that are arranged in the movable part and detect the approach to the object, a notification means capable of notification in a different mode, and a detection signal of each detection means It is preferable to include a control unit that controls the notification mode by the notification unit to be different.

  According to this configuration, since the plurality of detection means are arranged in the movable part, the moving direction of the movable part can be specified according to the deployment position of the detection means that detects the approach to the object. . That is, it is possible to simultaneously specify both the movable part approaching the object and its moving direction. Therefore, the operator can instantly determine the optimum direction for avoiding contact of the movable part.

  As the detection means, for example, it is preferable to use a capacitive proximity sensor in which a plurality of electrodes are arranged to face each other. By using this proximity sensor, the present invention can be suitably implemented.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a control means is comprised so that the alerting | reporting sound alert | reported from an alerting | reporting means may combine the alerting sound from which a frequency differs, or the alerting sound from which a frequency differs. According to this configuration, since the notification sound is different for each movable part approaching the object, the part can be easily identified.

  This specification also discloses an invention relating to the following X-ray diagnostic apparatus.

  (1) An X-ray diagnostic apparatus that obtains a radiation image for diagnosis by detecting radiation emitted from an X-ray tube toward a subject by a radiation detection means while controlling the movement of a movable part, When the movable part is moving, a detecting means for detecting that the part of the device existing on the movement locus of the movable part and the object approach, and an approach between the predetermined device part and the object. Control is made so as to change the sound generation mode of the notification sound notified from the notification means according to the distance from the notification to the detection means detected by the detection means and the distance between the device part approaching the target and the target. And an X-ray diagnostic apparatus.

  [Operation / Effect] According to this configuration, if the target object approaches the device part on the moving trajectory while the movable part is moving, the notification means is provided according to the distance from the target object to the device part. Therefore, the operator can predict the approximate distance until the target object contacts the device part. Therefore, it is possible to avoid contact and the like by operating the movable part in a timely manner.

  In the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to (1), the detection unit is a capacitive proximity sensor, and the control unit changes according to a change in the distance between the object and the movable part. An X-ray diagnostic apparatus characterized in that the sound generation mode of the notification sound of the notification means is made different based on the capacitance of the proximity sensor.

  [Operation / Effect] According to this configuration, the proximity of the object and the device part is detected by the capacitive proximity sensor. At this time, if the distance between the object and the device part changes, the capacitance of the proximity sensor also changes, so that the distance between both parts can be easily detected. That is, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described in (1) can be suitably implemented.

  According to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to easily identify which part of the apparatus the object is approaching according to the mode of the notification sound notified from the notification means. Therefore, contact and collision between the object and the device part can be accurately avoided. Further, since the operator recognizes the layout of the apparatus, it is possible to instantaneously determine the moving direction of the movable part without stopping the operation of the apparatus and to avoid contact with the apparatus part.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an X-ray detection surface of an image intensifier (hereinafter abbreviated as “I.I”) of the apparatus. 3 is a schematic view of a proximity sensor provided on the side, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the location of each electrode of the proximity sensor on the X-ray detection surface side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a top plate 1 on which the subject M is placed and an imaging system main body 2 that performs imaging of the subject M, and is not illustrated. An image processing system is provided. The top plate 1 is configured to be movable up and down and horizontally.

  The imaging system main body 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The imaging system main body 2 is supported by a base part 21 installed on the floor (xy plane in the drawing), a C-type arm support part 22 supported by the base part 21, and a C-type arm support part 22. C-type arm 23, X-ray tube 24 supported at one end of C-type arm 23, and I.V. I25. In addition, the base 21, the X-ray tube 24, and the I.D. Proximity sensors 28-30 are arranged on the side surface of I25, and are controlled by the alarm device control unit 3 that receives detection signals transmitted from these proximity sensors 28-30 and the alarm device control unit 3 that receives the detection signals. The alarm device 4 that emits an alarm sound and the drive control unit 7 that controls the operation of various drive parts are provided. I.I. I25 corresponds to the radiation detection means in this invention, the proximity sensors 28 to 30 correspond to the detection means, the alarm device 4 corresponds to the notification means, and the alarm device control unit 3 corresponds to the control means. Each configuration will be specifically described below.

  The base portion 21 is configured to rotate around a vertical axis (z axis in the figure) center with respect to the floor surface by driving a motor (not shown). Each of the C-type arm support portions 22 is configured to rotate around the body axis (y axis in the drawing) of the subject M with respect to the base portion 21 by driving another motor (not shown). Yes. The C-arm 23 is configured to rotate around an axis (x-axis in the figure) that is orthogonal to the body axis of the subject M in the horizontal plane by driving another motor (not shown).

  On the X-ray irradiation side of the X-ray tube 24 supported at one end of the C-arm 23, a collimator 26 for controlling the X-ray irradiation field is disposed. I.C supported by the other end of the C-arm 23. A television (TV) camera 27 is disposed on the back surface of I25 (the surface opposite to the X-ray detection surface). By driving a motor (not shown), I.D. Each is configured such that the TV camera 27 rotates about the vertical axis (z axis in the figure) with respect to I25.

  In addition, the base part 21 and the C-type arm support part 22 may be configured to be movable up and down and horizontally as in the case of the top board 1, and thereby the C-type arm 23 may be moved up and down and forward and backward. The top plate 1 and the imaging system main body 2 are moved as described above, so that An X-ray image for diagnosis can be obtained by processing the X-ray detection signal detected by the image processing system (not shown) detected by I25. It should be noted that the base unit 21, the C-type arm support unit 22, the C-type arm 23, the X-ray tube 24, and the I.D. I25 or the like corresponds to a movable part in the present invention.

  Among these movable parts, in particular, the base part 21, the X-ray tube 24, and the I.D. The I25 is likely to contact or collide with an operator (operator) who operates the subject M or the apparatus or a peripheral device (hereinafter referred to as “object”). Therefore, the base 21, the X-ray tube 24, and the I.D. By providing the proximity sensors 28 to 30 in the I25, the proximity sensors 28 to 30 detect the presence of the object in a non-contact manner. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the base unit 21, the X-ray tube 24, and the I.D. Capacitive proximity sensors 28 to 30 are arranged on the side surface of I25.

  These proximity sensors 28 to 30 may be composed of a transmission electrode and a reception electrode. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the transmission / reception electrode 31 having both functions of the transmission electrode and the reception electrode is used. It may be comprised. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the transmission / reception electrode 31 is used, and the proximity sensor 28 will be described as an example. The other proximity sensors 29 and 30 also use the same configuration.

  A shield electrode 32 is disposed in the vicinity of the transmission / reception electrode 31 in parallel with the surface of the transmission / reception electrode 31. A ground electrode 33 is disposed in parallel with the surface of the shield electrode 32 opposite to the transmitting / receiving electrode 31 side. In other words, the transmitting / receiving electrode 31, the shield electrode 32, and the ground electrode 33 are arranged in this order so that the surfaces are parallel to each other. In this embodiment, the total distance between the electrodes 31, 32, and 33 including the thickness is about 3 mm.

  In other words, the shield electrode 32 is disposed opposite to the transmitting / receiving electrode 31 adjacent to the side opposite to the X-ray detection surface side. When viewed from the shield electrode 32, the transmitting / receiving electrode 31 is disposed opposite to the shield electrode 32 adjacent to the X-ray detection surface side. The shield electrode 32 corresponds to another electrode in the present invention.

The transmitting / receiving electrode 31 and the shield electrode 32 are connected to an AC power source 35 via a shield cable 34, and the electrodes 31 and 32 are kept at the same potential. The ground electrode 33 is grounded and has a potential of zero. A capacitance between the shield electrode 32 and the ground electrode 33 is defined as a sensor capacitance C ₁ .

Here, it is assumed that the object X is a dielectric and is grounded. Further, it is assumed that the object X has approached the proximity sensor 28 to such a distance that the proximity sensor 28 (here, the transmission / reception electrode 31) can detect the object X. Both transmission and reception electrode 31, has a capacitance between the object X, is the electrostatic capacitance between the detection capacitor C _2.

A current I ₁ corresponding to the sensor capacitance C ₁ flows between the shield electrode 32 and the ground electrode 33, and a current I ₂ corresponding to the detection capacitance C ₂ flows between the transmitting / receiving electrode 31 and the object X. If there is no object X in the vicinity of the transmission / reception electrode 31, or when the object X is at a distance that the transmission / reception electrode 31 cannot detect, the transmission / reception electrode 31 does not have a capacitance. Therefore, the detection capacitance C ₂ between the transmission / reception electrode 31 and the object X is 0, that is, the current I ₂ = 0. Therefore, if the current I ₂ measured by measuring the current I ₂ is 0 or less than a predetermined value, the proximity sensor 28 determines that the object X is not approaching, and the current I ₂ is a value other than 0 or a predetermined value. If it is above, the proximity sensor 28 will detect that the target object X approaches and is in the vicinity. In this way, the proximity sensor 28 can detect the object X without contact.

  The alarm control unit 3 includes a signal processing unit 5 and a generation circuit 6. The signal processing unit 5 converts a detection capacitance value, that is, a current value, which is a detection signal transmitted from the proximity sensors 28 to 30, into a digital signal. At this time, the proximity sensor that has transmitted the signal is associated with the converted signal.

  The generation circuit 6 changes the sounding mode of the alarm sound (notification sound) depending on the detection target part based on the digital signal that has been subjected to processing such as conversion by the signal processing unit 5. As a sounding mode of the alarm sound, for example, a sound with different frequencies for each proximity sensor is continuously generated, or a plurality of types of sounds with different frequencies are combined and alternately sounded in a dual ring or triling manner. Signal generation processing.

  The alarm device 4 amplifies the signal generated by the generation circuit 6 through an amplifier, and generates a predetermined alarm sound that varies depending on the proximity sensors 28 to 30. Note that sound generation is performed until the countermeasure X is not detected by the proximity sensors 28 to 30. That is, the sound continues until the movable part moves away from the proximity sensor by a predetermined distance.

  The drive control unit 7 controls driving of the base unit 21, the C-type arm support unit 22, and the C arm 23. In the case of the present embodiment, each part is operated based on a command signal from the operation unit 8, and at least when the detection signal from the proximity sensors 28 to 30 is received, at least the current part of the movable part provided with the proximity sensor Decrease the moving speed at the time or stop driving.

  Next, the operation of the above embodiment apparatus will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  The operation unit 8 is operated to start the operation of the apparatus movable part (step S1). Simultaneously with the start of the operation, each proximity sensor 28 to 30 is in an activated state, and continues to monitor the approach of the object of the device part on the movement locus of each movable part (step S2).

  While moving the movable part, for example, I.I. When the proximity sensor 28 of I25 comes close to an object on the moving trajectory, its capacitance changes. The proximity sensor 28 transmits a detection signal to the signal processing unit 5 of the alarm control unit 3 according to the amount of change. The signal processing unit 5 changes the current value indicating the amount of change in the electrostatic amount into a digital signal and performs an association process with the proximity sensor 28 that has transmitted the detection signal.

  When the conversion process of the detection signal is completed, the generation circuit 6 creates a different alarm sound signal for each of the proximity sensors 28 to 30 based on the digital signal. In this case, a signal corresponding to the proximity sensor 28 is created and transmitted to the alarm device 4, and a signal is also transmitted to the drive control unit 7 (step S3).

  One alarm device 4 amplifies the received signal with an internal amplifier, and generates a warning sound corresponding to the proximity sensor 28 based on the received signal (step S5).

  The other drive control unit 7 brakes and decelerates the drive operation of the movable portion of the base unit 21, the C-type arm support unit 22, and the C-type arm 23 toward at least the approaching device part (step S4).

  When the alarm sound is generated, the operator can instantly determine which device part the movable part is approaching according to a specific sounding mode, so the moving direction is changed by operating the movable part. During this time, the proximity sensors 28 to 30 are continuously operated. Therefore, the alarm device 4 keeps sounding until the movable part moves away from the detection range of the proximity sensor. When the movable part moves away from the detection range, the transmission of the detection signal from the proximity sensor is stopped, and the alarm sound from the alarm device 4 is stopped (step S6). The processes in steps S2 to S7 described above are repeated until the operation of the apparatus movable portion is completed (step S7).

  According to the apparatus of the present embodiment configured as described above, when the proximity sensors 28 to 30 provided in the movable part are moving, when the device part existing on the movement locus is detected, the approach of the object is detected. Since a different alarm sound is generated for each detected proximity sensor 28-30, it can be instantaneously and easily specified which movable part is approaching the device part. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the object from contacting or colliding with the device part without stopping the movable part. Therefore, the work efficiency can be improved.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as follows.

  (1) In the above-described embodiment, a different alarm sound is generated according to each of the proximity sensors 28 to 30. However, the alarm sound generation mode is changed in conjunction with the capacity change of each proximity sensor. You may comprise so that. For example, when the sound generation mode is a dual ring that alternately emits two types of sounds having different frequencies, the capacitance increases as the object approaches a predetermined device part on the movement trajectory. The time interval of the alarm sound that sounds alternately in conjunction with the change in the time is shortened.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to easily identify the device part to which the object is approaching and to roughly recognize the distance from the object to the device part. Therefore, the operator can avoid the contact of the movable part according to the situation.

  (2) In the above-described embodiment, for example, I.I. As for I25, one proximity sensor 28 was provided on the side surface. As shown in the plan view of I25, I.I. When I25 is viewed in plan, proximity sensors 28a to 28c may be provided in each of the four directions, and the alarm sound may be configured to be different for each detection result of each proximity sensor. According to this configuration, the moving direction can be specified by the proximity sensor that detects the approach of the object. Therefore, the operator can instantly determine the avoidance direction such as contact.

  It should be noted that I.D. When the part I25 approaches the object with the part as the traveling direction, detection signals are simultaneously output from both proximity sensors provided at two places on the edge having the corner indicated by a broken line in the figure as a vertex. It is transmitted to the control unit 3. Therefore, both signals are converted by the signal processing unit 5 provided in the alarm control unit 3, and a signal for generating an alarm sound having a mode different from the alarm sound generated for each individual proximity sensor is generated by the generation circuit 6. What is necessary is just to comprise so.

  (3) In the above-described embodiment, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus that performs imaging by driving the C-type arm has been described as an example. The present invention may be applied to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus that supports and moves I.

  (4) The above-described embodiment is the same as that of I. Instead of I25, it may be applied to a flat panel detector.

  (5) In the above-described embodiments, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus has been described as an example. However, γ rays emitted from a subject administered with a radioisotope (RI) such as an ECT (Emission Computed Tomography) apparatus. You may apply to the apparatus which detects. Thus, I.I. The present invention can be applied to any medical diagnostic apparatus that obtains a diagnostic radiation image by moving a movable part represented by I25 and the like to detect radiation.

  (6) In the above-described embodiment, the capacitive proximity sensor is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this type, and may be a non-contact proximity sensor such as an optical sensor or a contact sensor. May be. In the case of a contact-type sensor, for example, a limit sensor is used, and it is necessary to control so that only the detection part of the sensor is in contact with the apparatus part and the movable part is not in contact with or collides with the apparatus part.

  (7) In the above-described embodiment, the proximity sensors 28 to 30 are arranged on the movable part. However, a proximity sensor may be arranged for each device part existing on the movement locus of the movable part.

  (8) In the above-described embodiment, the operator is notified of the movable part approaching the object by an alarm sound. However, the operator may be notified by using a lighting device, blinking of a lamp, or the like. You may comprise so that it may alert | report to an operator using a character, a picture, etc. on a screen. In this case, when the movement method can be specified, it is preferable to display the movement direction as illustrated.

It is the front view which showed schematic structure of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on an Example. It is the schematic of the proximity sensor provided in the X-ray detection surface side of the image intensifier (II) of an Example apparatus. It is the schematic which shows the arrangement | positioning location of each electrode of the proximity sensor by the side of a X-ray detection surface. It is a flowchart explaining operation | movement of the X-ray diagnostic apparatus which concerns on an Example. I. Equipped with the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the modification. It is a top view of I.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Alarm machine control part 4 ... Alarm machine 5 ... Signal processing part 6 ... Generating circuit 7 ... Drive control part 21 ... Base part 22 ... C type arm support part 23 ... C type arm 24 ... X-ray tube 25 ... Image in Tensiifier (II)
28-30 ... Proximity sensor M ... Subject X ... Object

Claims (5)

  An X-ray diagnostic apparatus that obtains a radiation image for diagnosis by detecting radiation exposed to an object from an X-ray tube toward a subject while controlling movement of a plurality of movable parts, A detecting means for detecting that each of the two or more movable parts approaches the object, a notifying means capable of notifying in a different manner, and a movable approaching the object based on a detection signal from the detecting means. An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls a notification mode notified from the notification unit according to a portion.   The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray tube and the radiation detection unit are disposed opposite to a tip of a C-arm so as to sandwich a subject, and the detection unit includes at least the X-ray. An X-ray diagnostic apparatus provided in a tube and the radiation detection means.   An X-ray diagnostic apparatus that obtains a radiation image for diagnosis by detecting radiation emitted from an X-ray tube toward a subject by a radiation detection means while controlling the movement of the movable part, wherein the movable part And a plurality of detection means for detecting the approach to the object, a notification means capable of notification in different modes, and a notification mode by the notification means according to detection signals of the detection means. An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising a control means for controlling as described above.   4. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the detection means is a capacitive proximity sensor in which a plurality of electrodes are arranged to face each other. . 5. The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit combines a notification sound having a different frequency or a notification sound having a different frequency as a notification mode notified from the notification unit. X-ray diagnostic apparatus characterized by the above.

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