JP2007204208A - Crane work evaluation method, device and system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crane work evaluation method, device and system capable of appropriately evaluating work records of a crane. <P>SOLUTION: This work evaluation device 1 evaluates crane work records of the crane 10 having a work form of at least performing suspending work by a hook 26 hung at a tip of a boom 21. The work evaluation device 1 is provided with sensors 47, 49, 33 for detecting a working radius R of the boom 21, a suspending load W and working time; a calculating means for calculating moment time obtained by multiplying a moment which is a product of the working radius R of the boom 21 and the suspending load W by the working time or moment square time obtained by multiplying the square of the moment by the working time; and an evaluation means for evaluating the work records of the crane 10 based on the moment time or the moment square time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method, an apparatus, and a system for evaluating a work history of a crane having a crane work form in which a suspension work is performed at least by a suspension part suspended from the tip of a boom.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a crane safety management system that performs a suspension operation using a suspension unit suspended from the tip of a boom is known. Here, the presence / absence of a risk that the vehicle body on which the crane is mounted would fall is predicted based on the moment (= work radius × suspension load) around the fall fulcrum. And if there was a risk of falling, the safety device worked and issued an alarm, or the work was automatically stopped.

  However, depending on the operator, there is a considerable difference in safety consciousness, and an operator with low safety consciousness may continue working while releasing the safety device.

Therefore, in Patent Document 1, for example, the detection means provided in the crane detects a tipping moment and the like, and based on this detection information, a dangerous state is set for a risk item set in advance based on a cause that can be attributed to the operator. It was made to judge whether it reached | attained.
Japanese Patent No. 3548124

  However, it is difficult to accurately determine the value of the crane individual only by the overturning moment or the like. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, it is assumed that the working time, the suspension load, and the working radius are drawn with a three-dimensional graphic. At that time, depending on the evaluation item, depending on the evaluation item, the same overturning moment is obtained when the work is performed with a large work load and a short work radius, and when the work load is small and the work radius is long. The effect will be different. In other words, the influence on the structural strength is greater in the former work, but the influence on the rope life and the like is greater in the latter work, so it is necessary to change the evaluation method depending on the index.

  This invention is made | formed in view of this situation, The place made into the objective is providing the operation | work evaluation method, apparatus, and system of a crane which can perform reasonable evaluation of a crane individual. This is effective for preventive maintenance, which sets the appropriate replacement time for each member by quantitative evaluation of the work volume, suppresses the frequency of major machine troubles, reduces the risk of accidental stoppage during on-site operation, and crane actual work It is also effective for operation management to determine whether or not the crane put on the site is appropriate for the actual work.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a method for evaluating a work history of a crane having a crane work form in which a suspension work suspended from at least a boom tip is performed, the work radius of the boom, and a suspension load And a first step of detecting the work time, and a moment time obtained by multiplying the moment, which is a product of the work radius and the suspension load, by the work time, or a moment obtained by multiplying the power of the moment by the work time. A second step of obtaining a power time and a third step of evaluating a work history of the crane based on the moment time or the moment power time are provided.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a crane work mode in which a suspension work suspended from at least a boom tip and a luffing work mode in which a suspension work suspended from a luffing jib tip attached to the boom is performed. And when the suspension work is performed in a crane work mode, the boom working radius, the suspension load, and the work time are detected, while the suspension work is detected. Is a product of the first step of detecting the working radius, the hanging load, and the working time when the luffing jib is attached to the boom, and the working radius and the hanging load. Moment time obtained by multiplying the moment by the work time, or the work time multiplied by the power of the moment A second step of obtaining a moment exponentiation time which, is characterized in that a third step of evaluating work history of the crane based on the moment time or moment exponentiation time.

  The invention described in claim 3 has a crane work form in which the hanger is hung at least by a hung part suspended from the tip of the boom, and a detecting means for detecting a work radius of the boom, a hung load, and a work time. A device for evaluating a work history of a crane provided, wherein a moment obtained by multiplying a moment, which is a product of the work radius and the suspension load, is further multiplied by a work time, or a power of the moment is further multiplied by a work time. And calculating means for obtaining the moment power time and evaluation means for evaluating the work history of the crane based on the moment time or the moment power time.

  The invention according to claim 4 is a crane work mode in which a suspension work suspended from at least a boom tip and a luffing work mode in which a suspension work suspended from a luffing jib tip attached to the boom is performed. When the suspension operation is performed in the crane operation mode, the boom working radius, the suspension load, and the operation time are detected. On the other hand, when the suspension operation is performed in the luffing operation mode, luffing jib is applied to the boom. Is a device for evaluating the work history of a crane equipped with a detecting means for detecting a working radius, a hanging load, and a working time in a state where the working radius is mounted, and is a product of the working radius and the hanging load. Moment time obtained by multiplying a moment by the work time, or work time by a power of the moment Arithmetic means for obtaining the multiplied moment power time et, it is characterized in that it comprises an evaluation means for evaluating the work history of the crane based on the moment time or moment exponentiation time.

  As in the invention described in claim 5, the evaluation means comprises reporting means for reporting the work time, moment time or moment power time at a predetermined timing as information relating to the work history evaluation of the crane. Preferably there is.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the reporting means displays the working radius, the suspension load, and the working time, moment time, or moment power time in two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphics. It is preferable that it is provided.

  The invention according to claim 7 is provided with a crane and a management center capable of communicating with the crane, and the work evaluation device according to any one of claims 3 to 6 is arranged in the management center. It is configured as a crane work evaluation system.

  According to the first and third aspects of the invention, the working radius, the hanging load, and the working time of the boom are detected, and the moment that is the product of the working radius and the hanging load is further multiplied by the working time. A moment power time obtained by further multiplying the moment time or the power of the moment by the work time is obtained, and the work history of the crane is evaluated based on the moment time or the power of the moment.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, if the moment time, the suspension load, and the work radius are drawn in a three-dimensional graphic, then, when the work with a large suspension load and a short work radius is performed, When the load is small and the working radius is long, the moment time ratio is larger in the former, and therefore the former is evaluated as having a lower crane value than the latter. As a result, it is possible to appropriately evaluate the value of the crane individual.

  Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, assuming that the moment square time, the suspension load and the work radius are drawn in a three-dimensional graphic, at this time, when a work with a large suspension load and a short work radius is performed, When the suspension load is small and the working radius is long, the moment-square-time ratio is much larger in the former, so that the former is judged to have a much lower value of the crane than the latter. . As a result, a more appropriate evaluation of the value of the crane individual can be performed.

  As described above, if the work history of the crane using the moment time or the moment power time is grasped, the value of the crane individual can be easily determined. In addition, for example, if the work time is short, but the fatigue strength and wear are considered to have a large impact, the replacement of the consumables should be promoted at an earlier timing than the originally scheduled replacement time. The occurrence of unexpected trouble during the time can be prevented.

  According to the second and fourth aspects of the invention, when the suspension work is performed in the crane work form, the work radius, the suspension load, and the work time of the boom are detected, while the suspension work is performed in the luffing work form. In this case, the working radius, suspension load, and working time when the luffing jib is attached to the boom are detected, and the moment that is the product of the working radius and the suspension load is further multiplied by the working time. Moment time, or a moment power time obtained by further multiplying the moment power by the work time, and the work history of the crane is evaluated based on the moment time or the moment power time.

  Accordingly, in this case as well, the value of the crane individual can be appropriately evaluated as described above. If the crane work history using the moment time and the moment power time is grasped in this way, the value of the crane individual can be easily determined. For example, even if the work time is short, if it is considered that the fatigue strength and wear will be greatly affected, it is recommended to replace the consumables at an earlier time than the originally scheduled replacement time. Unexpected troubles can be prevented.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, since the work time, moment time, or moment power time is reported at a predetermined timing as information related to the work history evaluation of the crane, it is possible to make a reasonable evaluation of the crane individual. become.

  According to the invention of claim 6, in the report, the working radius, the suspension load, and the working time, moment time or moment power time are displayed in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphic. The work history of the crane is visualized, and the crane individual can be evaluated appropriately.

  According to invention of Claim 7, the crane and the management center which can communicate with this crane are provided, The work evaluation apparatus of any one of Claims 3-6 is arrange | positioned at the said management center. Therefore, for example, the work history of a crane that performs field work can be comprehensively grasped by the management center, and the crane individual can be evaluated appropriately.

  FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a crane work evaluation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the crane 10 in the crane form, and FIG. 13 is a side view of the crane 10 in the luffing form. As shown in FIG. 1, the system includes a crane 10 and a work evaluation apparatus (described in detail later) 1 provided in a management center 5 that can communicate with the crane 10. Note that the sensor 51 connected to the controller 45 of the crane 10 in FIG. 1 is provided only in the crane 10 in FIG.

  Here, as an operation mode of the crane 10, as shown in FIG. 2, a crane operation mode in a narrow sense of hanging a load only by the boom 21, and as shown in FIG. 13, a luffing jib 22 is attached to the tip of the boom 21, Although the luffing work form in a narrow sense in which a load is hung by the luffing jib 22 is described, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to other tower work forms.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 13, the crane 10 includes a crane main body 11 and an attachment 12 attached to the crane main body 11. The crane body 11 includes a crawler type lower traveling body 14 and an upper revolving body 15 mounted on the lower traveling body 14 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis (swivel axis). The lower traveling body 14 is provided with a traveling motor 19 that individually drives the left and right crawlers 17.

  In the crane configuration, the attachment 12 includes the boom 21 supported by the upper swing body 15 so as to be able to undulate around the horizontal axis (the undulation axis). Various sheaves 23 are attached to the tip of the boom 21. A sensor 47 detects the working angle α of the boom 21.

  In the luffing configuration, the luffing jib 22 is attached to the tip of the boom 21. A sensor 51 detects the working angle β of the luffing jib 22. As these sensors 47 and 51, an encoder and a potentiometer are used, for example.

  The upper swing body 15 is provided with a boom hoisting winch 24 for raising and lowering the boom 21 and the like, and a boom hoisting rope 25 is drawn from the winch 24. The boom 21 and the like are raised and lowered by feeding and retracting the boom raising and lowering rope 25.

  The upper swing body 15 is equipped with a hoisting device for raising and lowering the hook 26. This hoisting device raises and lowers a hook (hanging portion) 26 by feeding and retracting a hoisting rope 29 from a hoisting winch 27. In addition, 49 is a sensor which detects the suspension load W by the hook 26 (detection means), As this sensor 49, a load cell is used, for example. Strictly speaking, since various weight components are included in the suspension load W, the actual load is obtained by subtracting the weight component. However, in the present embodiment, the suspension load W is suspended for simplification of explanation. The load W is approximately equal to the actual load.

  Reference numeral 33 denotes an operation lever for the operator to operate the winches 24 and 27 via a control valve (not shown) in the cab 31. The boom is determined from an output signal of a limit switch (not shown) attached to the operation lever 33. The work time by 21 is detected (detection means). Even if the engine is on, the time during which the operator does not operate the operation lever 33 is not included in the work time by the boom 21 or the like, and the operation lever 33 is not operated. However, depending on the item of evaluation, appropriate measurement shall be made.

  The controller 45 receives signals output from the sensors 47, 49, 51 and the operation lever 33, respectively. The controller 45 includes a storage unit 45b that stores these input signals in association with measurement times, an operation control unit 45a that executes control related to various operations of the crane 10 based on these input signals, and a winch 24. , 27 and an overload prevention device 45e for preventing overload, and the operation control unit 45a outputs predetermined control signals to the control valves of the winches 24, 27, respectively.

In the case of the crane configuration described above, the overload prevention device 45e includes the working angle α of the boom 21, the boom length L previously stored in the storage unit 45b, and the turning of the upper swing body 15 on the lower traveling body 14. The working radius R is calculated based on the distance _R0 from the shaft to the undulation shaft of the boom 21 (functions as a working radius detection means). This arithmetic expression is as follows.

R = L · cos (α) + R ₀ (1)
On the other hand, in the case of the luffing configuration, the overload prevention device 45e includes the working angle α of the boom 21 and the boom length L stored in the storage unit 45b in advance, the working angle β of the luffing jib 22 and the storage unit in advance. Work is performed based on the jib length L ′ stored in 45b and the distance _R0 from the swing axis of the upper swing body 15 to the hoisting axis of the boom 21 on the lower traveling body 14 previously stored in the storage unit 45b. The radius R ′ is calculated (functions as a working radius detection means). This arithmetic expression is as follows.

R ′ = L · cos (α) + L ′ · sin (β) + R ₀ (1 ′)
Further, the controller 45 is provided with a communication control unit 45c, and can communicate with the management center 5. Various data stored in the storage unit 45b (the operation mode of the crane 10 set in the field). Data including whether the crane type is the crane type or the luffing type, for example, the serial number of the crane 10 (for example, No. 1, No. 2, No. 2, etc.), model name, etc. At the same time, it is transmitted to the management center 5 at a predetermined timing.

  The controller 45 includes an unillustrated CPU and the like, and the operation control unit 45a, the communication control unit 45c, and the overload prevention device 45e are stored in advance in a specific storage area of the storage unit 45b, for example. These various programs are constructed by reading them into the CPU and executing them.

  The work evaluation apparatus 1 is for evaluating the work history of the crane 10. In this embodiment, the work evaluation apparatus 1 is provided in the management center 5. The management center 5 means a center having an organization capable of crane maintenance, such as a service department of a crane manufacturer, a crane sales company, or the like.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the work evaluation apparatus 1 includes a communication unit 55, a storage unit 56, an evaluation unit 57, a report unit 58, and a display unit 59.

  The work evaluation apparatus 1 also includes a CPU (not shown). The communication means 55, the evaluation means 57, the reporting means 58, and the display means 59 are, for example, specific storage areas of the storage means 56. Are constructed by reading various programs stored in advance in the CPU and executing them.

  In addition, the work evaluation apparatus 1 uses the input unit 60 that is a soft switch displayed on the menu screen of the output unit 61 such as a CRT, for example, to perform a predetermined operation on the menu screen, whereby the crane 10 It is configured to start the evaluation of the work history.

  The communication means 55 is configured to perform wireless communication with the communication control unit 45c of the crane 10 via the communication antenna 45d and the communication antenna 55a. Thereby, the work evaluation device 1 arranged in the management center 5 can exchange data with the first machine, the second machine,... Of the crane 10 at each work site.

  The storage means 56 divides the various data transmitted from the plurality of cranes 10 at a predetermined timing into the first machine, the second machine, etc., according to the machine serial number and the model name data. Is accumulated and memorized. It is assumed that various initial setting values, user registration data input in advance, M / L (overload prevention device) code, user data, and the like are stored in the storage unit 56.

  The evaluation unit 57 evaluates the work history of the crane 10 and includes a calculation unit 57a that performs various calculations for the evaluation.

In the case of the crane work mode, the calculation means 57a is configured to obtain a moment time MT obtained by multiplying the moment M, which is the product of the work radius R and the suspension load W, by the work time T, or a power of the moment M. In addition, a moment power time M ⁿ T obtained by further multiplying the work time T is obtained. This arithmetic expression is as follows.

MT = R · W · T (2)
M ⁿ T = (R · W) ⁿ · T (2 ′)
However, n = 1, 2,...
On the other hand, in the case of the luffing work mode, the calculation means 57a calculates the work radius R in the equations (2) and (2 ′) by replacing it with the work radius R ′ calculated in the equation (1 ′). (Hereinafter, such replacement is expressed as a working radius R (R ′), for example).

The evaluation means 57 can evaluate the work history of the crane 10 based on the work time T, the moment time MT, or the moment power time M ⁿ T.

  The reporting means 58 reports information related to the work history evaluation of the crane 10 at a predetermined timing. This predetermined timing includes every day (in the case of a daily report form), every week (in the case of a weekly report form), every arbitrary period (in the case of a period form), and the like.

The display means 59 displays the work radius R (R ′) and the suspension load W in a two-dimensional graphic for each work form of the crane 10, and further displays the work time T and moment time MT in the two-dimensional graphic display. Alternatively, the display of the moment exponentiation time M ⁿ T is added, and the crane 10 can be aggregated for each model, individual, customer, service range, period, etc.

  FIG. 3 is an image diagram of a daily report form. This daily report form is created after the previous day's data is transmitted from the crane 10 to the work evaluation apparatus 1 in the management center 5, and can be created by the morning of the next day. For example, data is pasted into a spreadsheet template file displayed on the screen of the output means 61 with one button by the input means 60 of the work evaluation apparatus 1, and a daily report form is automatically created.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the daily report form has a three-stage configuration of an upper stage (1), a middle stage (2), and a lower stage (3), and the upper stage (1) displays machine properties. For example, in the column (1-1), the location in the final state of the day, customer name, etc. (user registration data), agency name, etc. (user registration data), model name (user registration data), machine serial number (user registration) Data). In the (1-2) column, the current M / L code, work mode and work mode, the number of each winch, the engine type (user data), and the engine number (user data) are displayed. In (1-3) column, boom length and jib length based on M / L code, main winding winch (M), auxiliary winding winch (A), auxiliary winding winch (R), boom winch (B) and jib winch (J) line pull rating, delivery date (user data), main location (user data), IT communication terminal No. Is displayed.

  The middle row (2) is a record of the various operating hours of the day. For example, in the column (2-1), the various types of time separation display (in minutes), percentage display, graph display, end hour meter (hour) and today's The total operating time (hours, minutes) is displayed. In the (2-2) column, a band graph display of engine on / off status is performed. Note that the black portion in the band graph indicates that the engine is on.

  The lower row (3) is today's crane work record, and the usage status can be grasped collectively by M / L and T / C (control controller) distribution display. The winch load distribution is also displayed, and the safety of work is displayed by the number of overloads, etc. in order to grasp the safe work state. In order to grasp the alarm / failure status, the occurrence status including the fault / alarm that has disappeared or whether there is any abnormality in the machine status is displayed. For example, in the (3-1) column, a display for evaluating the work amount as the crane 10, that is, the number of suspension work, moment time, maximum load factor, and maximum actual load are displayed. In the (3-2) column, display of today's overload prevention device record (number of times / time relationship), that is, a record regarding the number of operations and release of overload prevention device related to the day is displayed. In the (3-3) column, today's M / L and T / C related failures, alarm occurrences and release states are displayed separately. In the (3-4) column, the current number of alarms / failure occurrences of M / L and T / C, that is, the latest failure / alarm occurrence status is displayed separately. In the (3-5) column, today's communication status confirmation and the latest communication status display, that is, today's GSM / DOPA (digital mobile phone) communication status are displayed. In the (3-6) column, today's position information, restriction range status, and the like are displayed, that is, today's GPS (Global Positioning System) signal acquisition status is displayed. (3-7) column displays the customer reason entry.

  The (3-8) column is one of the features of the present invention. In this column, a graph display that can be used to confirm the working status of the cranes of all the working radii and the actual load monitor is displayed side by side. Do. In FIG. 3, the work form is in a luffing state, and the vertical axis represents the actual load, the horizontal axis represents the work radius, and the color and the time existing in that area (work time) ) Etc. are also used to display the frequency. In addition to this display, various operations may be collected into one numerical data using the center value of the distribution threshold value. As will be described in detail later, it is preferable to use moment time or its square instead of this work time.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the weekly report form has a three-stage configuration of an upper stage (1), a middle stage (2), and a lower stage (3), and the upper stage (1) displays the same machine properties as the daily report form. .

  The middle row (2) is a record of the various operating hours of the week. For example, in the (2-1) column, various time classification display (hour / minute unit) and percentage value display, graph display, end hour meter (hour) Displays the total operating hours (hours, minutes) of this week. In the (2-2) column, the weekly engine operating status is displayed, that is, a band graph of the engine on / off status for one week is displayed. Note that the black portion in the band graph indicates that the engine is on.

  The lower row (3) is a weekly crane work record. For example, in the (3-1) column, a display for evaluating the work amount of the crane 10 for one week, that is, the number of suspension work, moment time, maximum load The rate, the maximum actual load, the GPS signal communication state, the latest communication state, the scheduled transmission count every time, and the transmission count each time are displayed. In the (3-2) column, the current M / L code, M / L code change count, assembly / disassembly mode count, latest work mode change, and work mode change count are displayed. The overload history set is displayed in the (3-3) column. In the (3-4) column, display of the weekly overload prevention device record, that is, a record of the number of operations related to overload prevention device for one week and release thereof is displayed. In the (3-5) column, the breakdown of the weekly M / L and T / C relations, the generation of the alarm, and the release state are displayed separately. In the (3-6) column, the number of current M / L and T / C alarms / failure occurrences, that is, the latest failure / alarm occurrence status is displayed separately.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the period form has a three-stage configuration of an upper stage (1), a middle stage (2), and a lower stage (3), and the upper stage (1) displays the same machine properties as the daily report form. .

  The middle row (2) is a record of various operating hours during an arbitrary period, with various types of time display (hour / minute unit) and percentage display, graph display, end hour meter (hours), and total operating time ( Hour, minute).

  The lower row (3) is a crane work record during an arbitrary period. For example, in the column (3-1), an overload prevention device-related display is performed. As the number of safety index evaluations related to the overload prevention device is smaller, it can be evaluated that the vehicle is operating safely. Further, the display of alarm / fault occurrence frequency, that is, the M / L relation and T / C relation fault, and the alarm generation and release states are displayed separately. Further, communication / GPS-related display, that is, the number of occurrences of abnormality in the GPS communication state and the GSM communication state, the abnormality occurrence frequency, and the like are displayed. In the (3-2) column, the same current M / L code as the weekly report form is displayed. Also, the number of working days is displayed. Furthermore, the line pull rating value is displayed for defining the load factor of each winch.

  The columns (3-3) and (3-4) are also one of the features of the present invention. In these columns, a display for evaluating the work amount and the like according to various work modes is displayed. Do. For example, in the column (3-3), travel time in crane form, suspended load travel time, turning time, crane operation time, no operation time, total time, maximum actual load, number of suspension operations, moment time, average moment and the above Similar to the daily report form, working radius-actual load monitor The usage status of all cranes 10 is displayed side by side in a graph display that can be confirmed. In (3-4) column, the travel time in luffing form, suspended load travel time, turning time, crane operation time, no operation time, total time, maximum actual load, number of suspension work, moment time, average moment and the above daily report Work radius similar to the form-actual load monitor A graph display that allows confirmation of the usage status of all cranes 10 side by side is displayed.

  Hereinafter, the operation | movement regarding evaluation of the work log | history of the crane 10 and the work evaluation apparatus 1 which comprises this system is each demonstrated. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the related operation of the crane 10, and FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the evaluation operation of the work evaluation apparatus in the management center 5.

  In FIG. 11, while operating the crane 10 in the form of a crane, for example, the operation signal of the operation lever 33 is input to the controller 45 (step ST11), and the winch 24, 27 etc. are driven.

  On the other hand, when the boom 21 of the crane 10 is moved by the operation, the working angle α is detected by the sensor 47 attached to the boom 21 and input to the overload prevention device 45e of the controller 45. Then, the working radius R is calculated by substituting the working angle α of the boom 21 and the boom length L into the above equation (1) by the overload prevention device 45e. This working radius R is input to the operation control unit 45a. Further, the suspension load W is detected by measuring a change in the tension of the wire hanging the load by the sensor 49, the time T of the suspension work by the boom 21 is detected from the operation state of the operation lever 33, and the controller Various data including those detection data are input to the operation controller 45a of 45 (step ST12).

  At this time, in the operation control unit 45a, the data of the configuration of the boom 21 (crane form), the work radius R, and the work time T exist. Furthermore, actual load data obtained by subtracting various weight components from the suspension load W by the sensor 49 also exist.

  These data are associated with each sampling time, accumulated in the storage unit 45b of the controller 45 (step ST13), and transmitted to the communication control unit 45c at regular intervals (step ST14). The communication control unit 45c transmits data to the management center 5 side via the communication antenna 45d with the combination of the working radius R of the boom 21 and the working time T at a determined time.

  The data transmitted from each crane 10 is received by the communication means 55 of the work evaluation apparatus 1 provided in the management center 5 via the communication antenna 55a as shown in FIG. 12 (step ST51). This received data is temporarily stored in the storage means 56 (step ST52). At the time of storage, the received data is stored separately for each of the first, second,...

The accumulated data is transmitted to the evaluation means 57 and used for evaluation of the work history of the crane 10 (step ST53). That is, the calculating means 57a uses the above equations (2) and (2 ′) to obtain a moment time MT obtained by further multiplying the moment M, which is the product of the working radius R and the suspension load W, by the working time T, or A moment power time M ⁿ T obtained by multiplying the power of the moment M by the work time T is obtained. Here, it is assumed that n = 2 is adopted for reasons described later. Then, using the reporting means 58 and the display means 59, the work history of the crane 10 is evaluated based on the moment time MT or the moment square time M ² T.

That is, the report means 58 creates a daily report form or the like that reports the work time T, moment time MT or moment square time M ² T at a predetermined timing as information related to the work history evaluation of the crane 10. (Step ST54).

At that time, the display means 59 displays the work radius R and the suspension load W in a two-dimensional graphic for each work form of the crane 10, and further displays the work time T and moment time MT. Alternatively, a display of the moment square time M ² T is added (step ST55).

In the present embodiment, the reason why the moment time MT or the moment square time M ² T is adopted as the evaluation standard of the work history of the crane 10 instead of the work time T will be described. Unlike a form or the like, a case where the working radius R, the suspension load W, and the moment time MT or the moment square time M ² T are drawn in a three-dimensional graphic will be described.

  For example, FIG. 6 shows the data of the first unit of the crane 10 operating mainly on the basic civil engineering work in three-dimensional graphics. In the figure, the X axis indicates the work radius R, the Y axis indicates the actual load W, and the Z axis indicates the work time T, and the work time T is accumulated thereon. On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows the data of the second machine of the crane 10 operating in the construction work center, drawn in a three-dimensional graphic as described above.

  6 and 7, the values obtained by accumulating the moment M by the work time T are substantially the same, but the work history of the crane 10 for each work form is drawn by drawing in three-dimensional graphics in this way. Is visualized and its evaluation becomes easy.

  That is, in the work mode of FIG. 6, repetitive work with a relatively short work radius R and a relatively heavy load W is the center, and in the work form of FIG. 7, a relatively light load W with a relatively long work radius R. It can be evaluated that the repetitive work is the center.

Next, an evaluation analysis method by processing after data accumulation in the work evaluation apparatus 1 on the management center 5 side will be described. As a premise, (1) heavy load center low frequency and (2) light load center high frequency will be explained so as to compare data of two cranes 10 having different work applications. . 8 is a comparative example at the working time T, FIG. 9 is a comparative example at the moment time MT, FIG. 10 is a comparative example at the moment square time M ² T, and FIG. (B) shows the case of the light load center.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the work time T, even when the time of light load high frequency is overwhelmingly large, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the moment time MT and the moment square time M ² T If the operation of is entered, the magnitude relationship is reversed. Accordingly, it can be understood that it is not appropriate to evaluate with the simple work time T, and it is appropriate to evaluate with the moment time MT and the moment square time M ² T. Therefore, if the work history of the crane 10 using the moment time MT and the moment square time M ² T is grasped, the individual value of the crane 10 can be easily determined. At this time, not only the work time T, the moment time MT and the moment square time M ² T but also an appropriate index according to the evaluation purpose is used. For example, even if the work time T is short, if it is considered that the fatigue strength and wear are greatly affected, the replacement of the consumables is promoted at an earlier timing than the originally scheduled exchange time, whereby the crane 10 It is possible to prevent the occurrence of unexpected troubles during the operation time.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the suspension work is performed in the form of a crane, the work radius R, the suspension load W, and the work time T of the boom 21 are detected, while the suspension work is performed. When the luffing is performed, the working radius R ′, the hanging load W, and the working time T when the boom 21 is attached to the luffing jib 22 are detected, and the working radius R (R ′) and the suspension are detected. A moment time MT obtained by further multiplying the moment M, which is the product of the load W and the work time T, or a moment square time M ² T obtained by multiplying the square of the moment M by the work time T is obtained. The work history of the crane 10 is evaluated based on the moment time MT or the moment square time M ² T.

  Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, if the moment time MT, the suspension load W, and the working radius R (R ′) are drawn in a three-dimensional graphic, the suspension load W is large and the working radius R (R′R) ) When the work is short, and when the suspension load W is small and the work radius R (R ′) is long, the ratio of the moment time MT is larger in the former, and therefore the former is larger than the latter. Therefore, it is determined that the individual value of the crane 10 is low. Thereby, the work history of the crane 10 can be appropriately evaluated.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, if the moment square time M ² T, the suspension load W, and the working radius R (R ′) are drawn in a three-dimensional graphic, the suspension load W is large and the working radius is large. The ratio of the moment square time M ² T is much larger in the former when R (R ′) is short and when the suspension load W is small and the working radius R (R ′) is long. Therefore, it is determined that the former has a much lower solid value of the crane 10 than the latter. Thereby, more appropriate evaluation of the work history of the crane 10 can be performed.

Therefore, if the work history of the crane 10 using the moment time MT and the moment square time M ² T is grasped, the individual value of the crane 10 can be easily determined. Further, for example, even if the work time T is short, if it is considered that the fatigue strength and wear are greatly affected, the exchange of the consumables is promoted at an earlier timing than the originally scheduled exchange time, so that the crane 10 The occurrence of unexpected trouble during operation hours can be prevented.

In the present embodiment, the work time T, the moment time MT, or the moment square time M ² T is reported at a predetermined timing as information related to the work history evaluation of the crane 10. Becomes easy.

In the above report, the working radius R (R ′), the suspension load W, and the working time T, moment time MT, or moment square time M ² T are displayed in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphic. The work history of the crane 10 is visualized, and the evaluation becomes easier.

  In addition, since the management center 5 capable of communicating with the crane 10 is provided and the work evaluation apparatus 1 is provided in the management center 5, for example, work histories of a plurality of cranes 10 performing field work are stored in the management center 5. Can be comprehensively grasped and the evaluation becomes easy.

  In the above-described embodiment, data is temporarily stored in the storage unit 45b in the controller 45 of the crane 10 and is transmitted to the work evaluation apparatus 1 at a predetermined timing. It is desirable that safety-related data such as load history is transmitted from the controller 45 of the crane 10 to the work evaluation device 1 of the management center 5 in real time. This is because a timely response on the management center 5 side can be expected.

In the above embodiment, the case where the sensors 47, 49, 51 and the operation lever 33 are provided on the crane 10 side and the work evaluation apparatus 1 is provided on the management center 5 side has been described. You may provide all or one part in the crane 10 side. When the entire work evaluation device 1 is provided on the crane 10 side, communication means between the crane 10 and the work evaluation device 1 becomes unnecessary, and a timely response on the crane 10 side can be expected. In addition, when the calculation means 57a for calculating the moment time MT or the moment square time M ² T is provided on the crane 10 side as a part of the work evaluation device 1, the amount of communication data is reduced, and accordingly. Communication costs can be saved.

  Moreover, although the crawler crane (LBCC) provided with the boom 21 of the so-called lattice structure and the luffing jib 22 was demonstrated as the crane 10 in the said embodiment, the application range of this invention is not limited to this, This invention Of course, for example, a wheel crane provided with a telescopic boom having a box structure can be applied in the same manner as described above. However, in the case of a wheel crane, it is particularly necessary to consider the working mode using an outrigger.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the crane 10 and the management center 5 can be communicated wirelessly. However, this is a crawler crane or the like that rarely returns to the management center 5 from the site because the moving speed is slow. This is because it is assumed that a wheel crane or the like having a high moving speed may exchange data with a card or the like every time the site returns to the management center 5 from the site.

In the above-described embodiment, the moment time MT or the moment square time M ² T is adopted as the evaluation standard of the work history of the crane 10. However, the moment power time obtained by multiplying the moment M 3 to the cube of the work time T is used. M ⁿ T may be adopted. Even in that case, as described above, higher evaluation accuracy can be obtained as compared with the case where only the work time T is adopted as the evaluation standard of the work history of the crane 10.

  In the above embodiment, the daily report form, the weekly report form, and the period form form have been described, but it goes without saying that a monthly report form, an annual report form, etc. may be output as necessary.

It is a functional block diagram of the work evaluation system of the crane concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the crane in a crane form. It is an image figure of a daily report form. It is an image figure of a weekly report form. It is an image figure of a period form. This is a three-dimensional graphic display of the data of the first crane operated mainly for basic civil engineering work. This is a three-dimensional graphic display of the data of Unit 2 of the crane operating at the construction work center. It is explanatory drawing which shows the comparative example in work time, Comprising: (a) shows the case of heavy load center, (b) shows the case of light load center, respectively. It is explanatory drawing which shows the comparative example in moment time, Comprising: (a) shows the case of heavy load center, (b) shows the case of light load center, respectively. It is explanatory drawing which shows the comparative example in moment square time, Comprising: (a) shows the case of heavy load center, (b) shows the case of light load center, respectively. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement regarding the work history evaluation by the side of a crane. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the work evaluation apparatus in a management center. It is a side view which shows the whole structure of the crane in a luffing form.

Explanation of symbols

14 Lower traveling body 15 Upper revolving body 21 Boom 22 Luffing jib 24 Boom hoisting winch 26 Hook (hanging part)
27 Winding winch 33 Operation lever (detection means)
45 Controller 45a Operation control unit 45b Storage unit 45c Communication control unit 45d Communication antenna 45e Overload prevention device (detection means)
47, 51 sensor 49 sensor (detection means)
55a Communication antenna 55 Communication means 56 Storage means 57 Evaluation means 57a Calculation means 58 Reporting means 59 Display means α, β Working angle L Boom length L 'Jib length R, R' Working radius W Lifting load

Claims (7)

It is a method for evaluating the work history of a crane having a crane work form in which a suspension work suspended from at least a boom tip is performed,
A first step of detecting the boom working radius, suspension load, and working time;
A second step of obtaining a moment time obtained by multiplying a moment, which is a product of the working radius and the suspension load, by a work time, or a moment power time obtained by further multiplying the power of the moment by a work time;
A crane work evaluation method comprising: a third step of evaluating a work history of the crane based on the moment time or a moment power time. A crane having at least a crane work form in which a suspension is suspended from a boom tip and a luffing work form in which a suspension is suspended from a luffing jib tip attached to the boom. A method for evaluating history,
When the suspension work is performed in a crane work form, the boom working radius, suspension load, and work time are detected, while when the suspension work is performed in a luffing work form, a luffing jib is attached to the boom. A first step of detecting a work radius, a suspension load, and a work time in a state;
A second step of obtaining a moment time obtained by multiplying a moment, which is a product of the working radius and the suspension load, by a work time, or a moment power time obtained by further multiplying the power of the moment by a work time;
A crane work evaluation method comprising: a third step of evaluating a work history of the crane based on the moment time or a moment power time. Work history of a crane having a crane work form in which the work is suspended at least by a suspension part suspended from the tip of the boom, and a detection means for detecting the work radius of the boom, the suspension load, and the work time. A device for evaluating
A calculating means for obtaining a moment time obtained by multiplying a moment that is a product of the working radius and the suspension load by a work time, or a moment power time obtained by further multiplying a power of the moment by a work time;
A crane work evaluation apparatus, comprising: an evaluation unit that evaluates the work history of the crane based on the moment time or the moment exponentiation time. At least a crane work form in which the suspension work is suspended from the tip of the boom and a luffing work form in which the suspension work is suspended from the suspension part suspended from the tip of the luffing jib attached to the boom. When the crane work mode is used, the boom working radius, the suspension load and the work time are detected. About a crane equipped with a detecting means for detecting a radius, a suspension load, and a work time, an apparatus for evaluating the work history,
A calculating means for obtaining a moment time obtained by multiplying a moment, which is a product of the working radius and the suspension load, by a work time, or a moment power time obtained by further multiplying the power of the moment by a work time;
A crane work evaluation apparatus, comprising: an evaluation unit that evaluates the work history of the crane based on the moment time or the moment exponentiation time.   The said evaluation means is provided with the report means which reports the said working time, moment time, or moment exponentiation time at predetermined timing as information regarding evaluation of the work history of the said crane. Crane work evaluation device.   The reporting means includes display means for displaying the working radius, the suspension load, and the working time, moment time, or moment power time in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional graphic. The crane work evaluation apparatus according to claim 5.   A crane work history evaluation system comprising a crane and a management center capable of communicating with the crane, wherein the work evaluation device according to any one of claims 3 to 6 is arranged in the management center.

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