JP2007196272A - Method for removing residual slag from aluminum extruding die and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for removing residual slag from an aluminum extruding die by which the residual slag is easily removed from the extruding die without requiring a great deal of time, processes and labors, and when heating sodium hydroxide, no gas nor sludge nor waste liquor are produced, and hence cost for treating them is not generated and environment is not adversely affected, and by which the residual slag of aluminum can be recoverd and reused without being discarded, and to provide an apparatus therefor. <P>SOLUTION: By this method, the residual slag of aluminum or an aluminum alloy is separated and removed from the extruding die by heating the extruding die to which the residual slag of the aluminum or the aluminum alloy has been stuck up to 600-800°C by a heating means. The apparatus is provided with an approximately hermetically sealed heating chamber, the heating means for raising the temperature inside the heating chamber up to 600-800°C, a die arranging part for arranging the die inside the heating chamber and a residual slag recovering part for recovering the residual slag. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for removing aluminum residue adhering to an aluminum extrusion mold.

  When an aluminum billet is extruded, aluminum residue is attached to the extrusion mold. To extrude again using this extrusion mold, the aluminum residue attached to the extrusion mold is removed. There is a need to. Therefore, conventionally, an extrusion mold to which aluminum residues are adhered is immersed in an aluminum solution to remove the residues.

  In this conventional method, for example, when a caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) solution is used as an aluminum solution, a 30 to 40% by weight caustic soda aqueous solution is heated to about 100 ° C. by a heating means such as an electric furnace, The extrusion mold with the aluminum residue adhered in the caustic soda solution is immersed for a long time (for example, 5 hours to 8 hours), and after the residue is almost dissolved in the solution, the extrusion mold is taken out and washed with water. Polishing was performed by shot blasting, and then final cleaning was performed manually.

  In addition, the caustic soda solution in which the waste liquid, that is, the aluminum residue is dissolved, is treated as industrial waste or neutralized with sulfuric acid to obtain a neutralized liquid (PH is about 7 to 8), and then applied to a filter press. Then, the solid content was squeezed out and removed as sludge, and the waste liquid after sludge removal was treated by a specialist, and the sludge was treated as industrial waste.

In such a conventional method, much time, process, labor, and cost are required to remove the residue of the extrusion mold, and further, gas is generated to heat the caustic soda solution. Furthermore, since sludge and waste liquid are generated, the processing cost is generated and the environment is adversely affected. Further, the remaining aluminum is discarded as sludge and cannot be recovered and reused. there were.
JP-A-9-87863

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to easily remove the residue of the extrusion mold without requiring a great amount of time, steps and labor. Furthermore, no gas is generated when heating the caustic soda solution, no sludge and waste liquid are generated, no processing costs are generated, the environment is not adversely affected, and the remaining aluminum is not discarded. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold that can be recovered and reused.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the method for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold according to claim 1 is used to heat the extrusion mold to which aluminum or aluminum alloy residue has adhered to 600 to 800 ° C. by a heating means. Thus, the aluminum or aluminum alloy residue is separated and removed from the extrusion mold.

  Since the melting point of aluminum is 660 ° C. and the melting point of the alloy is usually in the range of several tens of degrees centigrade in the vicinity of 660 ° C., the extrusion mold with the residue attached is heated to 600 to 800 ° C. as described above. By making the residue into a molten state or semi-molten state, the residue can be easily removed from the extrusion mold. A normal extrusion mold made of die steel SKD61 or the like does not become dull at 900 ° C. or lower. Therefore, the higher the temperature is within this range, the easier it is to separate and remove the residue, but a large amount of heat is required. Since the economy is poor, the upper limit is set to 800 ° C., which is considered practically sufficient. Further, at 600 ° C. or lower, the residue remains as a solid in the extrusion mold and is not separated.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein when the mold is heated, the mold is vibrated or shocked by the vibration applying means or the impact applying means, or is rubbed with a brush or the like. A flame spraying means for rubbing the residue adhering to the mold by a rubbing means capable of blowing, blowing air to the residue by a spraying means for blowing air such as high-pressure gas, or blowing a flame such as a burner By spraying a flame on the residue, the separation of the residue from the mold is promoted.

  By adopting such a method, the separation of the residue from the mold is promoted, and the residue can be removed more reliably.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold, a heating chamber that is substantially sealed, heating means that raises the temperature in the heating chamber to 600 to 800 ° C., and a mold that is disposed in the heating chamber. And a residue collecting part for collecting the residue.

  By adopting such a configuration, the extrusion mold with the aluminum or aluminum alloy residue adhered is placed in the mold arrangement part and heated in the heating chamber, and the residue is made into a semi-molten state, thereby forming the extrusion mold. It can be separated from the mold and collected by the residue collecting unit, and the residue can be easily removed from the extrusion mold and the residue can be reused.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold, a heating chamber that is substantially sealed, a door opening / closing means that opens and closes a door provided on a side wall of the heating chamber, and a temperature in the heating chamber of 600 to 600. A heating means for raising the temperature to 800 ° C., a mold supporting part for supporting the mold, a mold placing part having a residue collecting part for collecting the separated residue, and a mold placing part in and out of the heating chamber through the door. And a placement means for placing the mold on the mold placement section and removing the mold from the mold placement section.

  By adopting such a configuration, it becomes possible to perform the separation process of the residue from a plurality of extrusion molds semi-continuously, and the residue can be efficiently removed.

  Further, the invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the vibration applying means or the impact applying means for applying vibration or impact to the mold when the mold is heated, or the mold is applied with a brush or the like. Separation of the residue comprising rubbing means for rubbing the residue adhering to the mold, blowing means for blowing air such as high pressure gas to the residue, or flame blowing means for blowing a flame such as a burner to the residue It is characterized by providing separation promoting means for promoting.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to promote the separation of the residue from the mold by the separation promoting means, thereby further reliably removing the residue.

  In the present invention, it is possible to easily separate and remove aluminum or aluminum alloy residues adhering to the extrusion mold by heating the extrusion mold, so that the conventional caustic soda can be separated and removed. Less time, process, labor, and cost to remove residue compared to the method of immersing in solution, etc. Furthermore, no gas is generated during the removal process, and no sludge or waste liquid is generated. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain an effect that the remaining aluminum or aluminum alloy can be recovered and reused.

  The method for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold according to the present invention will be described below. First, the extrusion mold will be described.

  An extrusion mold (hereinafter simply referred to as a mold) is a die in which a die hole through which a billet made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy passes is formed at the center, and has a shape of, for example, a diameter of 6 inches, 7 inches, 8 inches, etc. The disc shape of the inch standard is often used, but other shapes and dimensions are not particularly limited. Moreover, although the thickness of a metal mold | die is 20-100 mm normally, it is a design matter which considered the pressing force from a billet, etc., and is not specifically limited. The die material is usually die steel such as SKD61 and SKD62, which are die materials defined in JIS, but may be other die materials and is not particularly limited. However, it does not melt at 660 ° C., which is the melting point of aluminum, and it is necessary that no structural changes such as quenching or annealing occur. In this respect, SKD61 and SKD62 are preferable.

  A die hole having a cross-sectional shape of the molded product is formed in the mold, and an aluminum molded product having a long and constant cross section such as a curtain rail or a sash is formed by extruding a billet through the die hole. However, the molded product may be hollow or solid, and therefore the mold is not particularly limited, such as a holrodice or a solid die. And when a billet is extruded and shape | molded from the die hole of a metal mold | die, a part of billet adheres to a metal mold | die as a residue.

  Extrusion molding is not particularly limited, such as a direct extrusion method, an indirect extrusion method, or an isostatic extrusion method, but in any method, a certain amount of billet is filled in a container and the billet or die is pressed with a stem. By doing so, the billet is pressed relative to the die and formed by passing through the die hole, and is not a continuous extrusion method like the conform method. For this reason, when the billet filled in the container is extruded and the extrusion of the lot is finished, when the next lot is extruded, the mold is filled with the billet and the billet residue is adhered to the mold. Since it is necessary to replace the mold with a non-adhered mold and the mold with the remaining residue is used again, the residue is removed by the residue removing method of the present invention described below.

  The billet may be either a single aluminum or an aluminum alloy. However, since the billet is formed by extrusion, the billet needs to be an aluminum-based alloy. Usually (about 80% of aluminum billets used in Japan) is JIS6063 which is an Al-Mg-Si extruded alloy, but it is not particularly limited thereto. The melting point of single aluminum is 660 ° C., and in the case of an alloy mainly composed of aluminum, although the melting point is increased, it is 800 ° C. or lower.

  Most of this billet is pressed against the die by the press of the stem and passes through the die hole, but the billet is sandwiched between the die surface around the die hole and the stem or the bottom of the container and adheres to the die surface, What remains in the die hole becomes a residue. Therefore, by heating the mold to which the aluminum or aluminum alloy residue adheres to 600 to 800 ° C. by the heating means, the residue can be separated from the mold in a semi-molten state and can be easily removed. It becomes. In addition, since die steel (SKD61 etc.) does not become dull at 900 ° C. or lower, the residue is easily separated and removed as the temperature rises within the range of 900 ° C. or lower. The upper limit is set to 800 ° C., which is considered to be sufficient for practical use because of poor properties. Further, at 600 ° C. or lower, the residue remains as a solid in the extrusion mold and is not separated.

  By adopting the residue removal method of the present invention as described above, the time, process, labor, and cost for removing the residue are reduced compared to a method of dissolving the residue by immersing in a conventional caustic soda solution or the like. In addition, no gas is generated during the removal process, and no sludge or waste liquid is generated. Therefore, it is environmentally friendly, and the remaining aluminum can be recovered and reused. .

  Further, in the above-described residue removal method, when the mold is heated to the vicinity of the melting point of the residue, vibration or impact is applied to the mold by vibration applying means or impact applying means, or by rubbing means that can be rubbed with a brush or the like. Rub the residue adhering to the mold, blow air to the residue by blowing means that blows air such as high-pressure gas, or blow flame to the residue by flame blowing means that blows flame such as a burner By using together with the separation promoting means for promoting the separation of the residue from the mold as in the above, the separation of the residue from the mold can be performed more reliably.

  In addition, heating to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the residual aluminum or aluminum alloy (for example, a temperature higher by 10 ° C. to 20 ° C. than the melting point) slightly increases the energy required for heating, but the residual melts from the mold. Since it melts down, it can be completely separated, and the residue from the mold can be reliably separated without using the above-described separation promoting means in combination.

  The inventor has also invented an apparatus that exclusively removes residues by this method. An embodiment of the apparatus will be described below, and an experiment for removing residues actually performed using the apparatus will be described. Will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes a heating chamber 1 that is substantially sealed, heating means 2 that heats the temperature in the heating chamber 1 to near the melting point of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a mold 8 in the heating chamber 1. The main body is composed of the mold placement unit 3 for placing the waste and the residue collection unit 4 for collecting the residue 9.

  The dimensions and shape are not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, the heating chamber 1 is a substantially enclosed space of vertical and horizontal 1210 × 1050 mm and height of 970 mm surrounded by a fireproof and heat insulating brick 11 having a thickness of 250 mm. In part, an outlet 12 and a door 13 are provided. A gas burner as a heating means 2 is provided through the side wall of the heating chamber 1. A total of four gas burners with an output of 50 kW are installed at intervals at the lower end of each side wall on the long side (portion from the floor to a height of 270 mm). Such a combustor and other means can be used as the heating means 2. A surface plate is installed at a height of 270 mm from the floor surface above the heating means 2 in the heating chamber 1, and two mold placement portions 3 each consisting of a pair of platforms are installed on the upper surface of the surface plate. is there. The mold 8 is placed and arranged so as to be installed on the upper surface of a pair of mold arrangement parts 3. At this time, the upper surface of the surface plate becomes the residue collection part 4. The stand and the surface plate that become the mold placement unit 3 are formed of a refractory material such as a refractory brick, but may be other members.

  An experiment of residue removal performed using this apparatus will be described.

  An experiment was conducted on two types of molds 8 (8a, 8b) to which the residue 9 was adhered. As shown in FIG. 2, each of the molds 8a and 8b is made of die steel and has a diameter of 170 mm. One mold 8a has a thickness of 25 mm as shown in FIGS. The other mold 8b has a thickness of 75 mm as shown in FIGS. Each die 8a, 8b is formed with a die hole 81 having a substantially U-shape at the center.

  The molds 8a and 8b are attached with the residue 9 when used for extrusion molding of billets made of aluminum. In the thin mold 8a, the residue 9 is clogged in the die hole 81, and the residue 9 having a thickness of 40 mm is attached to the entire surface pressed by the stem. In the thicker mold 8 b, the residue 9 is clogged in the die hole 81.

  These molds 8a and 8b were placed in the two mold placement sections 3, respectively, and the inside of the heating chamber 1 was heated to a high temperature by the heating means 2. And the atmospheric temperature in the heating chamber 1 at this time, the temperature of metal mold | die 8a, 8b, and the temperature of the residue 9 adhering to metal mold | die 8a, 8b were measured with temperature measurement means, such as a thermocouple.

  FIG. 3A shows a graph of the temperature change with time, and FIG. Here, the temperature plotted every 5 minutes is shown. Each temperature at the start of the experiment was 25 ° C., which was room temperature, and after 10 minutes from the start of the experiment, the ambient temperature reached the set value of 600 ° C., but the temperatures of the molds 8a and 8b and the residue 9 were still about 200 ° C. Met. The temperature of the molds 8a and 8b and the residue 9 reached around 600 ° C around 100 minutes after the start of the experiment, but since the temperature rise slowed, the set value of the ambient temperature was changed to 700 ° C after 115 minutes. Then, the heating means 2 further heated. After 120 minutes from the start of the experiment, the ambient temperature reached about 700 ° C, and after 150 minutes, the temperatures of the molds 8a and 8b reached 680 ° C to 700 ° C and the temperature of the residue 9 reached around 660 ° C, At the time of 155 minutes of the next measurement, the temperature of the residue 9 rapidly increased to around 680 ° C.

  And when heating was stopped and the inside of the heating chamber 1 was confirmed, the residue 9 melted away from the molds 8a and 8b and accumulated on the upper surface of the surface plate which is the residue collection part 4. It is considered that the residue 9 was separated from the molds 8a and 8b when the temperature indicated by the temperature measuring means increased rapidly from around 660 ° C. to around 680 ° C. That is, the ambient temperature is about 700 ° C., which is higher than the temperatures of the molds 8a and 8b and the residue 9, and the temperature of the residue 9 indicated by the temperature measuring means has been slow to rise, but the residue 9 being measured has melted. It is thought that the measured temperature suddenly approached the ambient temperature because it dropped and disappeared. This experiment confirmed the effectiveness of the residue removal method of the present invention.

  Next, another embodiment of the apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

  The apparatus of this embodiment is not a batch type like the apparatus of the above embodiment, but a semi-continuous type (tact batch type). Although the heating chamber 1 and the heating means 2 are the same as those in the above embodiment, the mold arrangement unit 3 and the residue collection unit 4 are different in form, and further convey the mold 8 that is not provided in the above embodiment. The conveyance means 5, the placing means 6 for placing the mold 8 on the conveyance means 5, and the impact applying means 7 as separation promoting means for promoting separation of the residue 9 from the mold 8 are provided.

  An extraction port 12 is formed on each of a pair of opposing side walls not provided with the heating means 2 of the heating chamber 1 so as to face each other, and an openable / closable door 13 is provided at the extraction port 12. Above the door 13, a lifting device 14 that lifts the door 13 with a wire, a chain, or the like is provided, and a door opening / closing means that can automatically open and close the door 13 by the lifting device 14 is formed. However, the door 13 has a slight gap 15 formed at the lower end portion of the door 13 even when the outlet 13 is closed. You can go in and out.

  The transport means 5 is for transporting the mold 8 into and out of the heating chamber 1, and in the present embodiment, is composed of a chain drive type device. This is because the sprocket 51 is arranged on both sides of the take-out port 12 of the heating chamber 1 and the auxiliary sprocket 52 is arranged so that one of the sprockets 51 is driven by the motor 53, and the chain 54 as the carrier is taken out. The sprockets 51 and 52 are stretched in a state of passing through the heating chamber 1 through the gap 15 of the mouth 12, and two sets of such sprockets 51 and 52 and a chain 54 are juxtaposed. A rail member 16 that supports the chain 54 is provided at a lower portion of the conveyance path in the heating chamber 1 of the chain 54. A plurality of support portions 55 in the form of plates or rods are installed at equal intervals between both chains 54, and the mold placement portion 3 is fixed to the support portions 55.

  The mold arrangement part 3 according to the present embodiment is made of a bowl-shaped metal, ceramics or other heat-resistant material. A mold support part 31 is formed on the peripheral edge and the bottom part inside is a residue collection part 4. It becomes. The mold placement unit 3 is fixed to the chain 54 so that the internal residue collection unit 4 faces upward when in the heating chamber 1, and exits the heating chamber 1 and passes through the sprocket 51. When the sprocket 51 is rotated, the residue collecting portion 4 is inclined downward and the contents residue 9 is dropped. The mold support part 31 includes a substantially horizontal placement part 32 on which the mold 8 is placed, and a vertical piece 33 which is formed outside the mold 8 and surrounds the outer periphery of the mold 8. Is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the mold 8 so that the mold 8 is fitted.

  A plurality of types of the mold placement sections 3 are prepared according to the sizes of various molds 8. For example, a mold support section 31 according to an inch-standard mold having a diameter of 6 inches, 7 inches, 8 inches, or the like. The inner diameter of the vertical piece 33 may be approximately 6 inches, 7 inches, 8 inches, etc., but the shape and dimensions are not limited. This mold arrangement | positioning part 3 is fixed to the support part 55 of the chain 54 so that replacement is possible.

  The placing means 6 for placing the mold 8 on the conveying means 5 is composed of a manipulator device in this embodiment, and includes a turning arm 62 that turns horizontally around a turning shaft 61, and a turning arm. And a hand 63 that is provided at the tip of 62 so as to be movable up and down and clamps the mold 8. The mounting means 6 is installed one by one on the upstream side and the downstream side in the transport direction from the heating chamber 1 of the chain 54 of the transport means 5, and the upstream one is the mold placement portion of the transport means 5. 3 for mounting on the downstream side and for downstream from the mold placement unit 3. The hand 63 reciprocates between a position overlapping the mold placement section 3 and a position removed from the mold placement section 3 in plan view by the rotation of the turning arm 62. The placement hand 63 is lowered at a position disengaged from the mold placement unit 3, sandwiches and lifts the unprocessed mold 8 to which the residue 9 is attached, and the rotating arm 62 moves the mold placement unit 3. Rotate to a position and lower and place on the mold support 31. The recovery hand 63 is lowered at the position of the mold placement unit 3 to lift the processed mold 8 from which the residue 9 has been removed, and is lifted from the mold placement unit 3 by the rotating arm 62. It is rotated to a position and lowered, and is placed on the place where the processed mold 8 is placed.

  The impact applying means 7 applies impact by causing the impact weight 71 to collide with the mold 8. In this embodiment, the impact applying means 7 forms a through hole 17 penetrating vertically in the ceiling portion of the heating chamber 1, and A lifting device 72 for lifting the impact weight 71 with a wire or the like is provided on the upper surface, and the impact weight 71 lifted by the lifting device 72 is dropped into the mold 8 in the heating chamber 1 through the through hole 72. It is.

  The removal of the residue 9 by this apparatus will be described. The unprocessed mold 8 with the residue 9 attached is placed at a predetermined position, the mold 8 is placed on the mold placement section 3 of the transport means 5 by the placing means 6, and the heating chamber 1 is placed by the transport means 5. Carry in. At this time, placement of the mold 8 by the placing means 6, transportation by the transportation means 5, and opening / closing of the door 13 when being carried into the heating chamber 1 can be performed automatically. The heating chamber 1 is raised to the vicinity of the melting point of aluminum or aluminum alloy by the heating means 2, and the residue 9 is separated from the mold 8 and removed. The time required for one mold 8 to be carried into the heating chamber 1, remove the residue 9 and carry it out of the heating chamber 1 depends on the size of the mold 8, for example, the above 6-8 inch mold. In the case of a mold, it is about 15 minutes to 1 hour. The separated residue 9 is collected in the residue collection unit 4 of the mold placement unit 3. Then, the mold 8 from which the residue 9 has been removed is carried out of the heating chamber 1 by the conveying means 5 and recovered by the mounting means 6 for recovery. The residue 9 collected in the residue collection unit 4 is dropped and collected when the mold placement unit 3 is inclined when passing through the sprocket 51 as described above, and is reused.

  With this apparatus, the processing time for one mold 8 is only the heating time and the conveying time in the heating chamber 1, and the lead time is greatly reduced compared with the conventional method of immersing in a caustic soda solution or the like. I get out. If the heating time in the heating chamber 1 (that is, the cycle time) is 30 minutes or 1 hour, for example, it is possible to process 16 or 8 molds 8 by operating for about 8 hours a day. Residues can be efficiently removed by increasing the number of treatments compared to the conventional method.

One Embodiment of the apparatus of this invention is shown, (a) is a plane sectional view, (b) is a sectional side view. FIGS. 2A and 2B show a mold with a residue attached, and FIGS. 2A and 2B are a plan sectional view and a side sectional view of a thinner mold, respectively, and FIGS. It is sectional drawing. The graph of the temperature-time of the experiment which removes a residue is shown, (a) is a general view, (b) is a partially enlarged view of (a). The other embodiment of the apparatus of this invention is shown, (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a top view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating chamber 12 Outlet 13 Door 2 Heating means 3 Mold arrangement | positioning part 4 Residue collection | recovery part 5 Conveyance means 6 Mounting means 7 Impact applying means 8 Die 81 Die hole 9 Residue

Claims (5)

  It is characterized in that the aluminum or aluminum alloy residue is separated and removed from the extrusion mold by heating the extrusion mold to which aluminum or aluminum alloy residue adheres to 600 to 800 ° C. with a heating means. A method for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold.   When the mold is heated, vibration or impact is applied to the mold by vibration applying means or impact applying means, or the residue attached to the mold is rubbed by rubbing means that can be rubbed with a brush or the like, Alternatively, the residue can be separated from the mold by blowing air to the residue with a blowing means that blows air such as high-pressure gas, or by blowing a flame onto the residue with a flame blowing means that blows a flame such as a burner. The method for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold according to claim 1, wherein:   A heating chamber that is substantially sealed, a heating means that raises the temperature in the heating chamber to 600 to 800 ° C., a mold placement unit that places a mold in the heating chamber, and a residue collection unit that collects residue A device for removing residues from an aluminum extrusion mold, characterized by comprising:   A heating chamber that is substantially sealed; a door opening / closing means that opens and closes a door provided on the side wall of the heating chamber; a heating means that raises the temperature in the heating chamber to 600 to 800 ° C .; a mold support that supports the mold; A mold placement part having a residue collection part for collecting the separated residue, a conveying means for carrying the mold placement part into and out of the heating chamber through a door, and a mold placed on the mold placement part and a mold An apparatus for removing residues from an extrusion mold for aluminum, comprising: mounting means for removing the mold from the placement portion.   Vibration applying means or impact applying means for applying vibration or impact to the mold when the mold is heated, rubbing means for rubbing the residue adhering to the mold with a brush, or air such as high pressure gas 5. A separation promoting means for promoting the separation of the residue comprising a spraying means for spraying the residue on the residue or a flame spraying means for blowing a flame such as a burner on the residue. An apparatus for removing residue from an aluminum extrusion mold as described.

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