JP2007195420A - Spiral leaf-removing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral leaf-removing machine eliminating the need of removing operation, etc., of impurities such as sand or earth and sand sticking to a roller and having excellent maintainability and durability. <P>SOLUTION: The spiral leaf-removing apparatus 10 is composed of: a pair of spiral rollers 11 extended and arranged side by side with a prescribed interval kept in the transportation direction to feed slender harvests having branches, leaves, sand or mud; a roller bearing part 12 rotatably freely axially supporting one base end part 11a of each of the spiral rollers 11 as a free end and the other base end part 11b as a driving end; and a base part having a rotation driving part 13 for transporting the harvests from the driving end side to the free end side by rotating the rotating shafts of the pair of spiral rollers 11 cantilevered with the roller bearing part 12 in the opposite directions, respectively while nipping the leaves H of the harvests S and the sand N fed from the upper side between the roller shafts and carrying out removal and discharge. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a spiral leaf removal machine that removes leaves, sand, mud and the like adhering to a harvest such as sugar millet.

Conventionally, as a device for defoliating harvested sugar millet etc. and supplying raw materials for extraction equipment such as sugar, it is possible to squeeze the leaves of sugar millet between a pair of left and right rollers and tear the leaves from the stem A defoliation device is used. In such a leaf removal device, the stem as a raw material is bitten between the rollers and discharged together with the leaves, so the yield is poor, and when the torn leaves are wound around the rollers, The removal work is complicated. For example, the following has been proposed in connection with the improvement of such a leaf removal apparatus.
In Patent Document 1, a pair of left and right spiral rollers extending in the front-rear direction, which is a conveyance direction of a crop such as sugar millet, is horizontally mounted with a gap in the left-right width direction, and both spiral rollers are opposite to each other. The pair of left and right spiral rollers can be spirally connected to each other so that the spiral ridges can be fitted to each other and close to each other so that the tip of the brush and the tip of the ridge interfere with each other. An apparatus for removing deposits such as sugar milling, characterized by a large friction angle formed between the upper parts of the body is described.
Japanese Patent No. 2666739

However, the conventional apparatus for removing deposits such as sugar mill described in the above-mentioned patent document has the following problems.
(1) Since both ends of the shaft of the spiral roller are fixed, the central portion of the spiral roller bends and swells when a foreign matter such as sand or mud adhering to the harvest is sandwiched. The foreign matter sandwiched between these rollers is fed to the tip by the spiral feeding action, but the tip is fixed and does not flex, so the foreign matter is stacked and resistance increases, stopping the machine. Needed to be cleaned.
(2) The fixed bearing at the tip of the spiral roller shaft has a strong friction due to the sugar-carrying water and the earth and sand carried by the water. For this reason, the contaminants sent one after the other are compressed at the tip, resulting in a pressure that increases the gauge, and the life of the bearing is significantly shortened.
(3) Since the harvested product that has been defoliated and moves on the roller stops and accumulates at the fixed bearing portion at the roller end, the discharge speed is not constant, and the workability is poor.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and eliminates the need to remove foreign substances such as sand and earth and sand adhering to the rollers, thereby eliminating the need for maintenance, durability, and workability. The purpose is to provide.

(1) The spiral leaf removal machine of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, has a predetermined interval in the conveying direction in which elongated crops having branches and leaves, sand and mud are supplied, and is extended in parallel. A pair of spiral rollers, a roller bearing portion rotatably supported with one base end portion of the spiral roller as a free end and the other base end portion as a drive end, and cantilevered by the roller bearing portion While rotating the rotating shafts of the supported spiral rollers in opposite directions, the harvested leaves, sand, and mud supplied from above are sandwiched between the roller shafts to be removed and discharged from the drive end side. And a base portion having a rotation drive portion that conveys to the free end side.

(2) In the spiral leaf removal machine of the present invention, in (1), the roller bearing portion that cantilever-supports the drive end of the spiral roller is fixed at a predetermined angle with respect to the base portion. It has the feature also in having an inclination angle adjustment part.

(3) In the spiral leafer of the present invention, in (1) or (2), the spiral roller is provided with a coating layer made of a synthetic resin brush or elastic rubber on the peripheral wall surface of the roller body. The protrusions are formed spirally in the respective coating layers, and the twisting directions of both protrusions are opposite to each other.

  According to the present invention, the tip end portions of a pair of spiral rollers arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval are used as free ends and the other base end portion is rotatably supported as a drive end. The shaft bends so as to open toward the discharge portion at the tip when a foreign object is sandwiched, and is discharged without resistance. By such a self-cleaning action of the machine itself, it is possible to continuously operate safely without requiring manual labor for cleaning. Moreover, since the spiral shaft front end side is an open free end, it is possible to reduce the friction and corrosion on the roller surface due to the acidified water of sugar millet and the earth and sand carried by the water, thereby enhancing durability.

  The spiral leaf removal machine according to the present embodiment includes a pair of spiral rollers that are stretched in parallel at a predetermined interval in the conveyance direction to which a long and narrow crop having branches, sand, and mud is supplied, and one of the spiral rollers. A roller bearing portion that is rotatably supported with the base end portion of the first end being a free end and the other base end portion being a drive end, and the rotation shaft of the spiral roller that is cantilevered by the roller bearing portion, respectively, in opposite directions A rotation driving unit that conveys the harvested product from the driving end side to the free end side while sandwiching and removing the branches, sand, and mud of the harvested product that are supplied from above by being rotated between the roller shafts And a base portion. As a result, it is possible to provide a spiral leaf remover that is excellent in maintainability and durability by preventing troubles caused by dust and dirt adhering to the roller adhering and accumulating on the tip side of the spiral roller. .

For example, when removing sand and mud adhering to sugar millet, put sugar millet cut to a certain length between a pair of left and right spiral rollers and rotate both rollers in opposite directions. , Squeezing sugar millet leaves between the roller body and the spiral ridges that are attached to the peripheral wall of the roller body of each roller opposite to each other, and pulling the leaves away from the stem , And sand and mud adhering to the stem of sugar cane can be scraped off by the ridges.
At this time, when the tip of the ridge and the peripheral wall of the opposing roller body are arranged as close as possible, the leaves are securely held and deflated, and a stem is formed between the roller bodies. It is possible to prevent dropping from the gap.

  In addition, even when sugar millet leaves are wound around the outer peripheral surface of the roller body, the leaves are pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the roller body by the ridges of the opposing rollers, and repeatedly receive a tearing action. Since it is peeled off from the free end of the main body, the outer peripheral surface of the roller main body is not wound in a laminated state, and the outer peripheral surface of the roller main body can always be kept clean. It is possible to prevent the increase of the rotation resistance, and to ensure a good defoliation and washing function of the harvest.

  And, while removing the sugar millet with leaves and removing the adhering mud, etc., between the spiral ridges whose twist directions are opposite to each other, it is possible to convey in the longitudinal direction of both rollers. It can be smoothly transferred to the next process without providing it. Also, since the ridge can be formed with a synthetic resin or metal brush planted on the roller body, the ridge with elasticity and flexibility can damage the stem of sugar millet etc. In addition, defoliation and removal of deposits can be performed to ensure good commercial value of sugar millet.

  The spiral roller is a pair of rollers arranged in parallel with each other at a predetermined interval along the conveying direction in which an elongated crop such as sugar millet is supplied. The peripheral surface of the spiral roller body is formed with spiral ridges, and the left and right rotating ridges grip and tear the portion that becomes the branches and leaves of the harvested product. It can be scraped off. The protruding portion can be formed in a spiral shape by providing a step on the surface of the brush planted on the roller body, for example. In addition, it is preferable that the roller center space | interval D of each spiral roller arrange | positioned adjacent to left-right pair shall be the range of 2d +/- (1/10) d with respect to the largest outer radius d of each spiral roller. That is, when the roller center distance D is narrower than 2d- (1/10) d, the biting between the protrusions becomes deep, and the harmful effect of damaging the harvested product and deteriorating the commercial value becomes significant. . Conversely, when the roller center distance D is increased beyond 2d + (1/10) d, the contact angle between the elongated crop and the roller deviates from the appropriate range, and the stems such as sugar millet are taken in between the rollers. This is not preferable because it is discharged to the bottom and causes a decrease in yield.

  The roller bearing portion is a member that is rotatably supported with one base end portion of the spiral roller as a free end and the other base end portion as a drive end, and is fixed to an upper portion of the base portion. . Each spiral roller cantilevered by such a roller bearing is rotated in the opposite direction when the power of a rotary drive such as an electric motor is transmitted through pulleys, gears, belts, chains, etc. It has become so.

  The base part is a housing part provided with a roller bearing part that cantilever-supports a pair of left and right spiral rollers and a rotation drive part that transmits power to the spiral rollers, and is cut to a predetermined length from the upper part of the opening. Elongated crops such as sugar millet are supplied, and the processed crops are removed from the spiral roller while sandwiching and removing the leaves, sand, and mud of the crop between the roller shafts of the spiral rollers that rotate in reverse. It can be transported toward the free end.

The spiral leaf removal machine according to the present embodiment includes an inclination angle adjusting unit that inclines and fixes the roller bearing portion that cantileverally supports the drive end of the spiral roller with respect to the base portion at a predetermined angle. It can also be.
By providing an inclination angle adjustment unit, it becomes possible to adjust the inclination angle of the spiral roller to which the crop is supplied to an appropriate angle according to the type and shape of the harvest, the work mode, the supply speed, etc. It is possible to efficiently perform processing operations for crops such as millet. For example, when the supply rate of the harvested product to the spiral leaf removal machine becomes excessive and the amount of deflection of the spiral roller or the load of the rotation drive unit increases, the inclination angle of the spiral roller is changed to It is also possible to continue the stable operation by controlling the load within a predetermined range.
For example, the inclination angle adjusting unit supports the apparatus body of the spiral leaf removal machine by the front support body and the rear support body, and adjusts the inclination with the rear side of the apparatus body as the axis by the hydraulic cylinder provided on the front support body. It is possible to use a mechanism that can change the apparatus main body to a desired inclined posture. In addition to tilting the entire apparatus as described above, a roller bearing portion that cantilever-supports the spiral roller may be attached to be tiltable at a predetermined angle with respect to the base portion.

In the spiral leaf removal machine of the present embodiment, the spiral roller is provided with a coating layer made of a synthetic resin brush or elastic rubber on the peripheral wall surface of the roller body, and the protruding portion is spiral in each coating layer. In addition, it is also possible to configure so that the directions of twisting of both protrusions are opposite to each other.
By providing the ridges formed in this way, sugar can be removed and adhering removed without damaging stems such as sugar millet by softening the contact between the harvest and the spiral roller. Good product value for millet can be secured.

Example 1
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a spiral leaf removal machine according to the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows AA and BB in FIG.
1 and 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a spiral leaf removal machine according to the first embodiment, 11 denotes a predetermined roller center distance D in the conveying direction in which a harvest S such as sugar millet having branches, sand, and mud is supplied. A spiral roller 12 comprising a pair of left and right rollers R and L, which are arranged in parallel, is rotatably supported with one base end 11a of the spiral roller 11 as a free end and the other base end 11b as a drive end. A roller bearing portion for rotating the roller R and L supported in a cantilevered manner by the roller bearing portion 12, and a rotational drive portion 14 for rotating the roller R and L in opposite directions, and a base end portion 11 b of the spiral roller 11. It is the base part formed in the frame shape where the roller bearing part 12 and the rotation drive part 13 which cantilever-support are installed.

As shown in the figure, three sets of spiral rollers 11 each consisting of a pair of rollers R and L are arranged in parallel, but a predetermined number of sets, for example, depending on the form of the harvest to be processed, the supply speed, etc. Four to ten sets of spiral rollers 11 can be appropriately arranged.
On the peripheral surface of the roller body 11c of each of the rollers R and L, a synthetic resin wire is planted to form a brush-like covering layer 11d, and on the surface thereof, a spiral protruding portion 11e is reversed. It is provided to become. Therefore, by rotating the roller R and the roller L in opposite directions, the harvested product S supplied between the roller shafts can be moved toward the base end portion 11a which is the free end of the spiral roller 11. At the same time, the leaves H of the harvested product S and the sand N attached to the surface of the harvested S are bitten between the protruding portions 11e, and the leaves H are torn and discharged to the lower portion through the gap between the roller shafts. be able to.

The roller bearing portion 12 is fixedly disposed on the upper portion of the base portion 14, and has a predetermined rigidity and structural strength capable of cantilevering the weight of each of the three sets of spiral rollers 11 to which the harvested product S to be processed is supplied. is doing.
The rotation drive unit 13 is a device serving as a power source for rotating the rotation shafts of the rollers R and L, which are cantilevered by the roller bearing unit 12, in the opposite directions, and includes a belt 13a, a pulley 13b, a gear 13c, and a gear. The power is transmitted to the spiral roller 11 through the box 13d, and the rotation speed can be controlled through a control unit (not shown).
The base portion 14 is formed in a frame shape from steel or stainless steel having a predetermined rigidity and strength, and the roller bearing portion 12 and the rotation driving portion 13 are attached to the base portion 14. In this way, the harvest S such as sugar millet cut in the sugar mill field is quantitatively supplied from the opening formed in the upper part of the frame via a transport conveyor or the like, and the leaf S of the harvest S is made. It is like that.

  Next, the leaf removal process of the harvested product S in the spiral leaf removal machine 10 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. As shown in the schematic view showing the leaf removal mechanism by the spiral roller in FIG. 4, the elongated harvested product S supplied from the opening at the upper part of the base portion 14 has an axis parallel to the axis of the spiral roller 11. They are aligned and sandwiched between the upper portions of the rollers R and L so as to move toward the base end portion 11a as the free end. At this time, the leaves H and sand N of the harvest S are drawn and removed between the protruding ridges 11e that rotate oppositely so as to bite each other, and are discharged downward from between the roller shafts. At this time, the spiral roller 11 on the base end portion 11b side serving as the driving end is fixed by the roller bearing portion 12 so that the roller center distance D between the rollers R and L is as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the base end portion 11a side that is the free end is bent by the elasticity of the spiral roller 11, so that the roller center distance D can be increased.

  For this reason, the load applied to the base end portion 11a that is the free end of the spiral roller 11 due to the excessive supply of the harvested product S to the spiral leafer 10 can be effectively released by such deflection of the roller shaft. The durability can be increased. Further, since a portion that becomes a fixed bearing is not provided at the tip of the spiral shaft unlike the conventional spiral leaf remover, the free end side (base end portion 11a) of each roller shaft faces the discharge portion when the foreign matter is sandwiched between them. It can be flexed to open and discharged without resistance, and the self-cleaning action of the machine itself can save time and effort for cleaning without requiring manual labor. In addition, when a fixed bearing is installed on the tip side where the harvested product of the spiral roller is discharged, the wear amount of this part increases due to the acidic water of sugar millet and the earth and sand carried by the water, resulting in a decrease in durability. However, these problems can be avoided by making the discharge side of the spiral roller 11 a free end.

(Example 2)
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a sugar milling intensive leaf removal facility configured using the spiral leaf remover 10 described above.
As shown in FIG. 5, in addition to the spiral leaf mill 10, the sugar mill intensive defoliation facility 20 includes a plurality of conveyors 21 for transporting sugar millet and processed products thereof, and sand N attached to the harvest S. And a blower 22 for blowing away the removed leaves H and the like, and a scraping device 23 for dropping the processed material staying at the end of the conveyor 21. A crop S such as sugar millet cut in a sugar milling field is placed on the conveyor 21 of the first blower separator and scraped off by a scraper 23 at the end of the conveyor 21. At this time, the blower 22 provided below the end of the transport conveyor 21 blows air to the harvested product S, and collects contaminants such as adhering sand, mud, and naturally fallen leaves via the transport conveyor 21 of the defoliation collector. To do. On the other hand, the scraped sugar mill stalk is repeatedly subjected to the above washing process through the second and third air separation devices similar to the second air separation device, and then the spiral leaf remover 10. To be supplied to.

  Thus, in the sugar milling intensive leaf removal facility 20, a large amount of leaf-free leaves are fed to the start end side of the conveyor 21 when the long-stem-free leaf-free sugar mill is supplied to the spiral leaf removal machine 10 as the subsequent facility. When the long-stem sugar millet is supplied, the scraping device 23 transports the long-stem sugar millet to the terminal end side, and scrapes a certain amount of long-stem sugar millet from the scraping port formed at the terminal end of the conveyor 21. In addition, it can be continuously supplied to the spiral leaf remover 10 and stable operation can be performed.

  At this time, a staying upper limit detection sensor is disposed in the staying space of the long sugar cane formed on the transporting conveyor 21, and the transporting conveyor is driven until this sensor detects the staying upper limit of the long sugar cane millet. By driving the section at a high speed, it is possible to efficiently perform a constant supply of long-stem sugar millet to the spiral leaf removal machine 10. When the scraping device 23 is pushed by the long sugar cane and pushed upward, and the tilt angle detection sensor detects that the posture has been changed to a tilt angle of a certain level or more, a control unit (not shown) is provided. For example, the scraping device 23 can be returned to the original inclined posture by controlling the drive unit of the transport conveyor 21 to be driven at a medium speed, for example.

  Further, when the staying upper limit detection sensor detects the staying upper limit position of the long sugar cane, for example, the driving unit of the conveyor 21 is stopped and the driving unit of the scraping device 23 is lowered via the control unit. You may make it reduce the residence amount of long-stem sugar millet by controlling to drive at a speed | rate.

(Example 3)
FIG. 6 is a front view of the spiral leaf removal machine according to the third embodiment.
In FIG. 6, 30 is a spiral leaf removal machine of the third embodiment, 31 is a frame portion on which the roller bearing portion 12 and the rotation driving portion 13 for cantilevering the base end portion 11b of the spiral roller 11 are installed, and 32 is a frame portion. The base part 34 supports the whole frame part 31 in a tiltable manner with the turning shaft part 33 provided on 31 as a turning axis, and both ends of the base part 34 are the other turning shaft part 35 and the base part of the frame part 31, respectively. An inclination angle adjustment unit composed of a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like that is connected to the support shaft 36 of the unit 32 and extends as a whole to adjust and fix the frame unit 31 to the base unit 32 at a predetermined inclination angle θ. is there. The spiral leaf removal machine 30 of the third embodiment is different from the spiral leaf removal machine 10 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the base part, but the other configurations are substantially the same, and thus the same as in the first embodiment. Those having the above functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The spiral leaf removal machine 30 supports the frame portion 31 by a rear rotation shaft portion 33 and a front rotation shaft portion 35 which is a harvested product discharge side, and between the rotation shaft portion 35 and the support shaft 36. By extending by an angle adjusting unit 34 such as a hydraulic cylinder, the inclination angle θ of the frame part 31 with respect to the base part 32 can be adjusted, and the axis of the spiral roller 11 can be changed to a desired inclination posture. ing. Thereby, the inclination angle of the spiral roller 11 can be adjusted to an appropriate angle according to the supply speed of the crop supplied via the conveyor 21 and the work environment, and the processing operation of the crop such as sugar millet can be performed. Can be done efficiently.

  In addition, the pair of left and right spiral rollers 11 is formed by implanting a linear strip of synthetic resin or the like having a certain length on the peripheral wall of the roller body in a brush shape, and further extending a part of the brush shape outward. The projecting ridges 11e are formed in a spiral shape, and the opposing projecting ridges 11e are twisted in directions opposite to each other, and the pair of left and right spiral rollers are connected to each other in a spiral fashion. In addition, the friction angle formed between the upper portions of the ridges can be made large by arranging them close to each other so that the tips of the brushes and the tips of the ridges interfere with each other. Thus, while transporting the crop such as sugar millet between the pair of left and right spiral rollers in the extending direction of both rollers, the leaves of the crop such as sugar millet are pressed down between the tips of the opposing ridges while moving downward. Can be pulled and defoliated. Thus, it is possible to satisfactorily ensure the harvesting efficiency and the defoliation efficiency.

  As described above, the spiral leaf removal machine of the present invention is rotatably supported with the distal ends of a pair of spiral rollers arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval as the free ends and the other base end as the drive end. Thus, the gist is to reduce the load applied to the free end side, and the corresponding one belongs to the scope of the right of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, an example in which a ridge portion made of synthetic resin is formed as a spiral roller has been described. However, the spiral ridge portion is integrally formed of the same material on the peripheral wall of the roller body 11c of the spiral roller 11. You can also. As a material of the spiral roller, a synthetic resin material and wood can be used in addition to a metal material.

It is a front view of the spiral leaf removal machine of Example 1. It is a top view of the spiral leaf removal machine. It is sectional drawing of arrow AA and arrow BB in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the leaf removal mechanism by a spiral roller. It is a flowchart of the sugar mill concentration defoliation equipment of Example 2. It is a front view of the spiral leaf removal machine of Example 3.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Spiral leaf remover of Example 1 11 Spiral roller 11a Free end side base end part 11b Drive end side base end part 11c Roller body 11d Cover layer 11e Projection part 12 Roller bearing part 13 Rotation drive part 13a Belt 13b Pulley 13c Gear 13d Gear box 14 Base part 20 Sugar milling concentrated leaf removal equipment 21 Conveyor 22 Blower 23 Scraping device 30 Spiral leaf remover of Example 3 31 Frame part 32 Base part 33 Rotating shaft part 34 Inclination angle adjustment Part 35 Rotating shaft part 36 Support shaft

Claims (3)

A pair of spiral rollers that are stretched in parallel at a predetermined interval in the conveying direction in which elongated crops having branches, sand, and mud are supplied;
A roller bearing that rotatably supports the spiral roller with one base end as a free end and the other base end as a drive end;
While rotating the rotating shafts of the spiral rollers that are cantilevered by the roller bearing portions in the opposite directions, the leaves, sand, and mud of the harvest that are supplied from above are sandwiched between the roller shafts to be removed and discharged. A spiral leaf removal machine comprising: a base portion having a rotation drive portion for conveying a harvested product from a drive end side to a free end side.   2. The spiral disengagement unit according to claim 1, further comprising an inclination angle adjustment unit configured to incline and fix the roller bearing unit that cantileverally supports the driving end of the spiral roller with respect to the base unit. Leaf machine.   The spiral roller is provided with a covering layer made of a synthetic resin brush or elastic rubber on the peripheral wall surface of the roller body, and a protruding portion is formed in a spiral shape on each covering layer. The spiral leaf removal machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein twist directions are opposite to each other.

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