JP2007147401A - Anomaly monitoring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anomaly monitoring apparatus capable of being shared by vibration sensors of different output types and directly connecting the vibration sensors without having to externally attaching a separate constitution. <P>SOLUTION: The anomaly monitoring apparatus 1 has a connection part 13 connected to a vibration sensor 2 for detecting vibrations of an apparatus. The anomaly monitoring apparatus 1 has both a charge amplifier circuit 11a adapted to a charge-output-type vibration sensor 2 and a constant current circuit 11b adapted to a voltage-output-type vibration sensor 2. Mechanical contact selection means 14a and 14b are used to select whether to connect the charge amplifier circuit 11a or the constant current circuit 11b between the connection part 13 and an amplification circuit 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an abnormality monitoring apparatus that is connected to a vibration sensor that detects vibration of a device such as a rotating device and constantly monitors the output of the vibration sensor.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an apparatus or facility including equipment such as rotating equipment, an abnormality monitoring apparatus has been used for the purpose of detecting signs such as failure, breakage, and burn-in as abnormality and performing preventive maintenance of the apparatus and equipment. As this type of abnormality monitoring device, one that monitors the operation of a device by determining the output characteristics of a vibration sensor that detects the vibration of the device is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). That is, as shown in FIG. 11, the vibration sensor 2 is attached to the device 3, and the output of the vibration sensor 2 is monitored by the abnormality monitoring device 1. When the abnormality monitoring device 1 detects an abnormality, the indicator lamp 4 is turned on. Or notify the user through the mobile telephone 5. In the abnormality monitoring device 1, for example, the output of the vibration sensor 2 during normal operation is accumulated, the deviation of the output of the vibration sensor 2 during normal operation is obtained as an allowable range, and the output of the vibration sensor 2 is within the allowable range. When exceeding, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the device 3.

  By the way, the two-wire type of the vibration sensor 2 that monitors the vibration of the device 3 includes two types of output types, that is, a charge output type and a voltage output type. When the vibration sensor detects vibration with a piezo element, the charge output type vibration sensor outputs the charge output generated by the piezo element, and the voltage output type vibration sensor converts the charge output of the piezo element into a voltage output. And output.

  The charge output type vibration sensor is generally robust and can be used up to a high temperature. However, since the output impedance is high, the noise resistance is low. In order to use a charge output type vibration sensor, it is necessary to convert the impedance to a low impedance. Therefore, a charge amplifier circuit having a high input impedance and a low output impedance with an inverting amplifier equipped with a feedback capacitor is required. is there.

  On the other hand, the voltage output type vibration sensor is generally less expensive and has a lower output impedance than the charge output type, but the operating temperature range is often lower than that of the charge output type. In order to use the voltage output type vibration sensor, it is necessary to apply a constant current to convert the charge output into the voltage output, and a constant current circuit incorporating a constant current power source and an amplifier is required.

  In other words, the charge output type and the voltage output type have different usable environments, and therefore it is necessary to use the charge output type and the voltage output type properly according to the intended use.

  When the charge output type vibration sensor 2a is used, a charge amplifier circuit 11a for performing current-voltage conversion is provided before the output of the vibration sensor 2a is supplied to the amplifier circuit 12, as shown in FIG. When the voltage output type vibration sensor 2b is used, it is necessary to connect the vibration sensor 2b to the constant current circuit 11b as shown in FIG. That is, it is necessary to use different circuits depending on the output type of the vibration sensors 2a and 2b.

  When a circuit corresponding to each of the vibration sensors 2a and 2b is incorporated in the abnormality monitoring device 1, a circuit including a charge amplifier circuit 11a as shown in FIG. 12A and a constant current circuit 11b as shown in FIG. It is conceivable to use one of the abnormality monitoring devices 1 depending on the type of output type of the vibration sensors 2a and 2b to be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13A, a charge amplifier circuit 11a is externally attached to the abnormality monitoring device 1, and as shown in FIG. 13B, a constant current circuit 11b is attached to the abnormality monitoring device 1. It is also possible to attach externally.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-29264

  By the way, in the configuration shown in FIG. 12, the abnormality monitoring device 1 having a different configuration is required for each type of output type of the vibration sensors 2 a and 2 b, and thus the abnormality monitoring device 1 provided for the existing device 3. Is diverted to other equipment, there is a problem that it can be used only for the equipment 3 to which the vibration sensors 2a and 2b of the same type as the vibration sensors 2a and 2b attached to the existing equipment 3 are attached.

  Further, in applications where vibration sensors 2a and 2b are attached to a plurality of locations of one device 3 and the outputs of the plurality of vibration sensors 2a and 2b are monitored by one abnormality monitoring device 1, each vibration sensor 2a, A configuration in which the output 2b is sequentially input to the abnormality monitoring apparatus 1 is conceivable. In this case, there is a problem that the types of output types of the vibration sensors 2a and 2b to be used have to be unified, and the vibration sensors 2a and 2b cannot be selected so as to suit the mounting location. Furthermore, two types of abnormality monitoring devices 1 are necessary, and there is a possibility that the combination of the vibration sensors 2a and 2b and the abnormality monitoring device 1 is wrong.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13, when a configuration in which a charge amplifier circuit 11 a and a constant current circuit 11 b are externally attached to the abnormality monitoring device 1, there is only one type of abnormality monitoring device 1. 1 is facilitated, and one of the charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b is combined in accordance with the output type of the vibration sensors 2a and 2b, so that the possibility of erroneous connection is reduced. It is done.

  However, when the charge amplifier circuit 11a or the constant current circuit 11b is externally attached to the vibration sensors 2a and 2b, the charge amplifier circuit 11a or the constant current circuit 11b is connected to the vibration sensors 2a and 2b by the sensor line Ls. Since it is necessary to connect and connect with the abnormality monitoring apparatus 1 by the monitoring line Lt, two electric wires of the sensor line Ls and the monitoring line Lt are required, and it takes time and labor to connect. The problem arises. In addition to the abnormality monitoring device 1 and the vibration sensors 2a and 2b, the charge amplifier circuit 11a or the constant current circuit 11b is separately required, so that there is a problem that the space occupied by the structure for abnormality monitoring increases. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned reasons, and the object thereof can be shared by different output type vibration sensors, and the vibration sensors can be directly connected without separately attaching a configuration. An object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality monitoring apparatus.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an abnormality monitoring device for detecting a feature of an output of a vibration sensor connected to a vibration sensor for detecting the vibration of the device and monitoring the operation of the device, and a circuit for detecting a feature of the output of the vibration sensor. The pre-circuit unit is provided with a pre-circuit unit, and the pre-circuit unit can select a plurality of types of circuit functions respectively suitable for a plurality of types of vibration sensors having different output types.

  According to this configuration, since the circuit function of the front circuit unit can be selected according to the output type of the vibration sensor, it is possible to share a plurality of types of vibration sensors without attaching a separate configuration. . Moreover, since it does not depend on the type of output type of the vibration sensor to be used, it can be diverted to a different output type vibration sensor.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the vibration sensor includes a memory storing at least data for specifying the type of the output type, and the pre-circuit unit is connected when the vibration sensor is connected. An interface circuit that acquires an output type by reading data from a memory, and a selection control circuit that selects the circuit function based on the output type read by the interface circuit.

  According to this configuration, if the vibration sensor is connected, the output type of the vibration sensor can be automatically acquired by the interface circuit, and the circuit function of the front circuit unit is automatically selected based on the acquired output type. Therefore, it is not necessary to manually set the circuit function of the front circuit unit according to the output type of the vibration sensor.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the pre-circuit unit includes a programmable device whose circuit function is selected by a program, and selects a circuit function suitable for the output type of the vibration sensor. The program to perform is given to a programmable device.

  According to this configuration, since the circuit function of the pre-circuit unit is selected by a program given to the programmable device, it is possible to cope with the output type of the vibration sensor by the program, and specifications other than the output type of the vibration sensor. It is possible to cope with the difference.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, since the circuit function of the front circuit unit can be selected according to the output type of the vibration sensor, it can be shared by a plurality of types of vibration sensors without attaching a separate configuration. Has the advantage of becoming.

(Embodiment 1)
The abnormality monitoring device of the present embodiment can connect both a charge output type vibration sensor and a voltage output type vibration sensor. As shown in FIG. 1, the abnormality monitoring device 1 includes a charge amplifier circuit 11 a that performs current-voltage conversion of the output of the vibration sensor 2 when the vibration sensor 2 is a charge output type, and the vibration sensor 2 is a voltage output type. In some cases, a constant current is supplied to the vibration sensor 2 and a constant current circuit 11b for detecting a voltage output is incorporated.

  The vibration sensor 2 is connected via a sensor line Ls. The connection part 13 to which the sensor line Ls is connected is provided with at least one of a connector to which a connector provided at one end of the sensor line Ls is inserted and removed and a terminal to which one end part of the connection line Ls is directly connected.

  The charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b are alternatively connected to the connection unit 13 via the selection unit 14a. Further, the charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b are alternatively connected to the amplifier circuit 12 built in the abnormality monitoring apparatus 1 via the selection means 14b. Both the selection means 14a and 14b are interlocked, and the charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b are alternatively provided between the connection unit 13 and the amplifier circuit 12 in accordance with the switching position of the selection means 14a and 14b. To be inserted.

  Here, the configuration between the connection unit 13 and the amplifier circuit 12 functions as a pre-circuit unit. A circuit that detects the output characteristics of the vibration sensor 2 and monitors the operation of the device is provided downstream from the amplifier circuit 12 including the amplifier circuit 12. Also in each configuration described below, a circuit configuration that is provided between the vibration sensor 2 and the amplifier circuit 12 and is provided in front of the amplifier circuit 12 is referred to as a pre-circuit unit. In the pre-circuit portion, one of the charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b is selected by the selection means 14a and 14b, and therefore the circuit function of the pre-circuit portion is selected by the selection means 14a and 14b.

  As the selection means 14a and 14b, a contact point of a mechanical switch or a contact point of a mechanical relay is used. When the switch contacts are used for the selection means 14a and 14b, the switching operation is performed manually. Moreover, when using the contact of a relay for the selection means 14a and 14b, what is necessary is just to give the signal for switching a contact from the outside of the abnormality monitoring apparatus 1 with respect to a relay.

  In the configuration example described above, selection means 14a and 14b using contact points of a mechanical switch or a mechanical relay are provided for selection between the charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b, but as shown in FIG. Instead of the mechanical contact selection means 14a and 14b, contactless selection means 15a and 15b may be used. Analog switches or multiplexers are used for the selection means 15a and 15b. The abnormality monitoring device 1 is provided with a control terminal 16a for connecting an external device so that a switching signal can be given to the selection means 15a, 15b from an external device (not shown). As for the control terminal 16a, either the connector or the terminal for connection may be adopted as in the connection portion 13.

  By the way, when using the selection means 15a and 15b, as shown in FIG. 3, communication which performs data communication between the external device and the external device connected to the communication terminal 16b between the selection means 15a and 15b. The part 17 may be inserted. The communication unit 17 can be realized as a partial function of a microcomputer built in the abnormality monitoring apparatus 1. Here, in the illustrated example, the transmission path for performing data communication between the communication unit 17 and the external device is assumed to be wired, but a wireless transmission path may be employed.

  FIG. 4 shows an operation in which the communication unit 17 gives a switching signal to the selection means 15a and 15b by communication with an external device. In the operation shown in FIG. 4, when the communication unit 17 receives some data from the external device (S1), it determines whether the data is normal data (S2). The instruction content is taken out from (S3). If the instruction content is a charge output type selection, a switching signal for selecting the charge amplifier circuit 11a is given to the selection means 15a, 15b (S4). If the instruction content is a voltage output type selection, a switching signal for selecting the constant current circuit 11b is given to the selection means 15a, 15b (S5). When it is determined in step S3 that the data given to the communication unit 17 is not normal data, appropriate error processing such as notification of an error to an external device is performed (S6).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the charge amplifier is used as the circuit function of the pre-circuit unit by using any of the selection units 14a and 14b, the selection units 15a and 15b, the selection units 15a and 15b, and the communication unit 17. One circuit function of the circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b can be selected. Therefore, it is possible to share one abnormality monitoring device 1 for the vibration sensors 2 of different output types without attaching a separate configuration.

(Embodiment 2)
In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which a vibration sensor 2 equipped with TEDS (Transducer Electronic Data Sheet) which is the IEEE 1451.4 standard is used. TEDS stores sensor-specific identification information, sensitivity / calibration data, etc. in a memory consisting of EEPROM. By using a vibration sensor equipped with TEDS, the setting of vibration sensor parameters can be automated. Calibration is also performed automatically. This type of sensor is called a plug and play sensor.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the abnormality monitoring device 1 using this type of vibration sensor 2 includes a microcomputer (CPU) 10 and an interface circuit 18 instead of the communication unit 17 having the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3. It has an added configuration. Since the communication unit 17 in the first embodiment uses a partial function of the microcomputer, the configuration of the present embodiment is substantially the configuration in which the interface circuit 18 is added. The interface circuit 18 can acquire TEDS built in the vibration sensor 2, and the microcomputer 10 generates a switching signal to be given to the selection means 15a and 15b according to the content of the read TEDS. That is, using the output type of the vibration sensor 2 read by the interface circuit 18, the selection control circuit including the microcomputer 10 and the selection means 15a and 15b selects the circuit function of the pre-circuit unit.

  Here, the interface circuit 18 needs to be connected to the vibration sensor 2 in order to read TEDS built in the vibration sensor 2. Further, TEDS can be read through the signal line Ls in the same manner as the output of the vibration sensor 2. Therefore, the interface circuit 18 is connected to the connection portion 13 to which the vibration sensor 2 is connected via the selection means 15a. When the microcomputer 10 reads TEDS from the vibration sensor 2, the microcomputer 10 generates a switching signal so that the selection unit 15 a selects a state in which the connection unit 13 is connected to the interface circuit 18. At this time, the selection means 15b connected to the amplifier circuit 12 may be in any state, but selects a state where the amplifier circuit 12 is not exclusively used by either the charge amplifier circuit 11a or the constant current circuit 11b. Is desirable.

  In the present embodiment, the operation of the microcomputer 10 is as shown in FIG. That is, the microcomputer 10 detects that the vibration sensor 2 is connected to the connection unit 13 and then instructs the selection unit 15a to connect the interface circuit 18 to the connection unit 13 (S11). Read the TEDS installed in. When the reading of the TEDS is completed (S12), the output type of the vibration sensor 2 is extracted by the read TEDS (S13), and the selection means 15a, 15b is selected depending on whether the vibration sensor 2 is a charge output type or a voltage output type. Switch signal is generated (S14, S15).

  The process shown in FIG. 6 is executed every time the vibration sensor 2 is connected to the connection unit 13. Therefore, when the vibration sensor 2 connected to the connection unit 13 is replaced, the charge amplifier circuit 11a and the constant current circuit 11b are automatically selected. Needless to say, since the vibration sensor 2 includes the TEDS, the offset and the amplification factor are automatically adjusted. In this embodiment, the vibration sensor 2 equipped with TEDS is used. However, if the vibration sensor 2 includes a memory storing at least data for specifying the output type, this embodiment can be realized. It is. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3)
In the first and second embodiments, the charge amplifier circuit 11a required when using the charge output type vibration sensor 2 and the constant current circuit 11b required when using the voltage output type vibration sensor 2 are individually configured. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a logic circuit or an analog circuit such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or a field programmable analog array (FPAA) is designed by a user program as shown in FIG. The programmable device 11 can be used to write a program from the microcomputer 10 to select whether the programmable device 11 functions as the charge amplifier circuit 11a or the constant current power source 11b. Therefore, the microcomputer 10, the programmable device 11, and the selection means 15a and 15b constitute a pre-circuit unit. However, the circuit shown in FIG. 7 has a configuration corresponding to that of the first embodiment, and is intended for the vibration sensor 2 that is not equipped with TDES.

  In the configuration example shown in FIG. 7, the microcomputer 10 has a function of generating a switching signal for the selection units 15 a and 15 b and a function of writing a program to the programmable device 11. The switching signal to be applied to the selection means 15a, 15b and the type of program to be written to the programmable device 11 are selected by turning on / off the switch SW connected to the microcomputer 10.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the microcomputer 10 reads the on / off state of the switch SW (S21), and generates a switching signal for the selection means 15a, 15b in response to the on / off state of the switch SW (S22). The selection means 15a and 15b are switched according to whether the switching signal is a charge output type or a voltage output type (S23, S24), and further, a program is written from the microcomputer 10 to the programmable device 11 (S25). When the writing of the program is completed (S26), the operation for the type of vibration sensor 2 selected by the switch SW becomes possible. Here, as in the first embodiment, instead of the mechanical switch SW, a configuration in which an electronic switch equivalent to the switch SW is turned on / off by a signal or data communication from an external device may be adopted.

  The circuit shown in FIG. 9 corresponds to the second embodiment, and is a configuration suitable for the case where the vibration sensor 2 is a plug-and-play sensor equipped with a TDES, and instead of the switch SW in the configuration shown in FIG. An interface circuit 18 is provided, TDES is acquired from the vibration sensor 2 through the interface circuit 18, and the selection means 15a and 15b are switched and a program is written to the programmable device based on the TDES. In this configuration, the microcomputer 10, the programmable device 11, the selection means 15a and 15b, and the interface circuit 18 constitute a pre-circuit unit.

  In the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIG. 10, first, in the microcomputer 10, after detecting that the vibration sensor 2 is connected to the connecting portion 13, the interface circuit 18 is connected to the selecting means 15a. (S31), and reads the TEDS mounted on the vibration sensor 2. When the reading of the TEDS is completed (S32), the output type of the vibration sensor 2 is extracted by the read TEDS and a switching signal is generated (S33). Further, the selection means 15a and 15b are switched depending on whether the vibration sensor 2 is a charge output type or a voltage output type (S34, S35), and further, a program is written from the microcomputer 10 to the programmable device 11 ( If the writing of the program is completed (S37), the operation according to the output type of the vibration sensor 2 becomes possible.

  In this embodiment, since the circuit function of the pre-circuit unit is selected according to the program given to the programmable device 11, the difference in specifications other than the output type of the vibration sensor 2 can be handled only by changing the program without changing the circuit. Therefore, it is easy to handle the vibration sensor 2 having various specifications. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.

  In the configuration example described above, an example in which one vibration sensor 2 is connected to one abnormality monitoring apparatus 1 is shown. However, a plurality of vibration sensors 2 are connected to one abnormality monitoring apparatus 1. As described above, when a plurality of connection portions 13 are provided, the charge output type and voltage output type vibration sensors 2 can be mixed and connected to one abnormality monitoring device 1 with the above-described configuration. Compared to the case where two abnormality monitoring devices 1 are used, the space is saved. It is also possible to connect a plurality of vibration sensors 2 to one connecting portion 13 via a selector, and in this case, it is linked with a switching signal given to the selection means 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b. Switch the selector.

It is a block diagram which shows Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the other structural example same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the other structural example same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the other structural example same as the above. FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory diagram of the configuration example shown in FIG. 9. It is a block diagram which shows the usage example of an abnormality monitoring apparatus. A conventional structure is shown, (a) is a block diagram when a charge output type vibration sensor is used, and (b) is a block diagram when a voltage output type vibration sensor is used. FIG. 4A shows another conventional configuration, in which FIG. 4A is a block diagram when a charge output type vibration sensor is used, and FIG. 4B is a block diagram when a voltage output type vibration sensor is used.

Explanation of symbols

1 Abnormality monitoring device 2 Vibration sensor 2a Vibration sensor (charge output type)
2b Vibration sensor (voltage output type)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Apparatus 11 Programmable device 11a Charge amplifier circuit 11b Constant current circuit 12 Amplifier circuit 13 Connection part 14a, 14b Selection means 15a, 15b Selection means 16a Control terminal 16b Communication terminal 17 Communication part 10 Microcomputer 18 Interface circuit

Claims (3)

  An abnormality monitoring device that is connected to a vibration sensor that detects vibrations of a device, detects an output characteristic of the vibration sensor, and monitors the operation of the device, and is provided in front of a circuit that detects the output characteristic of the vibration sensor. An abnormality monitoring apparatus comprising a pre-circuit unit, wherein the pre-circuit unit is capable of selecting a plurality of types of circuit functions that respectively match a plurality of types of vibration sensors having different output types.   The vibration sensor includes a memory storing at least data specifying the type of output type, and the front circuit unit acquires an output type by reading data from the memory when the vibration sensor is connected. And a selection control circuit for selecting the circuit function according to the output type read by the interface circuit.   The said front circuit part is provided with the programmable device from which a circuit function is selected by a program, and gives the program which selects the circuit function suitable for the output type of the said vibration sensor to a programmable device. 2. The abnormality monitoring device according to 2.

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