JP2007146481A - Sediment dredging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for dredging sediment with excellent working efficiency without needing to pull up the apparatus onto the water even when sediment includes sunk wood, boulders, and the like. <P>SOLUTION: This sediment dredging apparatus comprises a buoyant body 11 formed to be movable on the water; a track 12 laid on the buoyant body; a base machine 20 traveling along the track; a horizontal multishaft rotating type cutter 30 hung down to the water bottom 40 from the base machine and liftably supported to cut the sediment; and a pump 31 for sucking and discharging the sediment cut by the horizontal multishft rotating type cutter. The horizontal multishaft rotating type cutter is provided with a contact cutter protecting means 36 for separating the cutter from a concrete structure or the like to prevent contact. A winch 14 mounted onto the buoyant body, and a wire 16 stretched with its intermediate part wound around the winch, are provided as means for moving the buoyant body on the water. The horizontal multishaft rotating type cutter is provided with an inclinometer 37c. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for trapping sediment accumulated on the bottom of a closed water area such as a dam.

In the dam, sediment and muddy water flow into the reservoir from the upstream, and sediment such as mud and sediment accumulates on the bottom of the water. The dam is designed after the capacity of such deposits is calculated in advance. However, due to factors such as unexpected changes in the natural environment, the capacity of sediments may exceed the expected level. The effects of such sediments are generally pointed out such as a decrease in reservoir capacity, an increase in the upstream riverbed, a decrease in the downstream riverbed, a receding coastline, and an impact on the biological environment.
Therefore, as measures against sediment at the bottom of the dam, measures are taken to prevent sediment inflow into the reservoir, such as sand storage dams, sand bypass, and mountain conservation measures, and measures to promote sediment discharge from reservoirs such as excavation, dredging, slewing, and flushing. ing.

  Among the various measures described above, dredging has the advantage of being able to be constructed while maintaining the water level in the reservoir. For dredging construction, dredgers with grab buckets and dredgers with pumps are used. A dredger with a grab bucket is for excavating deposits such as earth and sand by grab buckets and lifting them, and the deposits are conveyed by a transport ship or a pressure pump. While this dredger can be dredged even at deep water, if the sediment contains relatively large sediments, cobblestones, etc., a device for sorting and removing on the ship will be required, resulting in excessive facilities. There is a drawback. Another disadvantage is that the cycle time required for vertical movement and turning when the sediment is lifted by the grab bucket becomes longer, and the construction efficiency is lowered.

In order to suppress such a decrease in construction efficiency due to the vertical movement of the grab bucket, for example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-42392), a sand pump and a mud feed hose are communicated with the grab bucket. The dredger with attached is described. In this grab bucket, the earth and sand are sucked with a sand pump and discharged onto the water to shorten the cycle time. However, in the case where the deposit includes relatively large settled trees, cobblestones, etc., it is necessary to lift the grab bucket onto the water, and there is a disadvantage that the construction efficiency is lowered.
JP 2005-42392 A

  In view of the current situation as described above, the problem of the present invention is that even if the deposit includes a sinkwood, cobblestone, or the like, it is not necessary to lift the apparatus to the water, and the deposit is dredged with good construction efficiency. To provide an apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is an apparatus for dredging sediment accumulated on the bottom of a closed water area such as a dam, and is a buoyant body that floats on water by buoyancy and is formed so as to be movable on the water. And a track laid on the buoyant body, a base machine provided so as to be able to travel along the track, and suspended from the base machine and supported so as to be movable up and down, and cuts the deposit A horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter and a pump for sucking and discharging deposits cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is driven at different rotational speeds for each axis There is provided a scissor device that can be formed and can be laterally moved in a predetermined direction by driving each shaft at different rotational speeds.

In a dredge apparatus having such a configuration, when a horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is suspended near the bottom of the water and each axis of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is driven at a different rotational speed, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is rotated on the axis side that rotates at high speed. The deposit is cut while moving laterally. At this time, the base machine also travels on the buoyant body in the same direction as the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter at the same speed. Thereby, the deposit is cut into a line in the traveling direction of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter, sucked up by the pump, and discharged. When the base machine is moved from one end to the other end of the entire length of the track on the buoyancy body, the base machine and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter are temporarily stopped, and the buoyancy body is moved by the width cut in a linear shape. Next, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is moved laterally in the reverse direction to cut the deposit, and the base machine is moved in the reverse direction at the same speed from one end to the other end of the track on the buoyant body.
As described above, by repeating the horizontal movement of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter, the traveling movement of the base machine, and the water movement of the buoyant body, the deposit is continuously dredged in a planar shape with a predetermined thickness. Is possible. In other words, in the present invention, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is merely moved continuously in the lateral direction, and it is not necessary to lift or swivel the water as in the conventional device, resulting in a time loss. Therefore, dredging is possible with extremely good construction efficiency.

  The dredge apparatus according to the present invention is preferably provided with a cutter protection means for separating from a non-glazing object such as a concrete structure so that the horizontal position of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter can be controlled. To do.

  In the dredge apparatus of the present invention, as means for enabling the buoyancy body to move on the water, it is possible to provide a winch attached on the buoyancy body and a wire in which an intermediate portion is wound around the winch and stretched. is there. Wires can be stretched by attaching dredging members to the ends and setting the dredging members at predetermined positions on the bottom of the water, or by fixing the dredging member to the ground part that sandwiches the water area. Can do.

  In the dredge apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable to provide an inclinometer in the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter, and if the position of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter with respect to the base machine is corrected from the value obtained by the inclinometer, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is corrected. It becomes possible to maintain the axial rotary cutter suspended from the base machine substantially vertically. The correction of the relative position between the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter and the base machine is performed by adjusting the rotational speed of each axis of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter, or the traveling direction and speed of the base machine itself are adjusted. Or after the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter and the base machine are stopped, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is raised by the base machine to return to the vertically suspended state.

  According to the present invention, even if cobblestones and sediments are contained in the deposit, these are cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter and discharged by the pump, so the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter can be lifted on the water. There is no need to do so, and it is possible to dred the deposit continuously in a planar shape with a predetermined thickness simply by laterally moving near the bottom of the water. In addition, there is no need for a process or device for sorting or removing cobblestones or sinking trees on the ship, so that much better facility efficiency and construction efficiency can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the dredge device 10 of the present invention includes a rail 12 laid on a buoyant body 11, and a base machine 20 provided so as to be movable along the rail 12. A horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is suspended from the water bottom 40 and supported so as to be movable up and down, and a discharge pump 31 for sucking and discharging deposits cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 (see FIG. 4). It has.

  Here, as the buoyant body 11, a plurality of floats 11a each having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape are connected, and the buoyancy body 11 is assembled so that the planar shape is substantially rectangular as shown in FIG. A rail 12 is laid substantially parallel to the long side of the buoyancy body 11, and wheel stops 13 are provided at both ends of the rail 12. The buoyancy body 11 is provided with a winch 14 and a pulley 15. The winch 14 has an encoder. A wire 16 wound around the winch 14 is engaged with the pulley 15. (Not shown) is fixed, and the wire 16 is stretched by sinking these anchor members at predetermined positions on the bottom of the water.

In particular, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the base machine 20 and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30, and the adjustable guide 36 is partially removed to show the inside of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30.
As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is suspended to the bottom 40 by a suspension wire 21a extending from the wire drum 21 of the base machine 20, and is lifted by the entrainment of the suspension wire 21a. It descends by unwinding. In the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30, a plurality of cutter wheels 32a, 32b are pivotally attached to the lower end of the main body 33 by a plurality of rotation shafts (not shown), and each cutter wheel 32a, 32b is shown by an arrow in FIG. In the R1 and R2 directions, rotation control is possible at different rotation speeds or at the same rotation speed. A cutter bit 34 corresponding to the hardness and properties of the deposit is attached to each cutter wheel 32a, 32b, and even when the deposit includes cobblestones or sunken wood, it is configured to be able to cut them.
As shown in FIG. 4, the workpiece suction nozzle 35 is disposed between the plurality of cutter wheels 32 a and 32 b and between the main body portion 33, and the deposit and water cut by the cutter bit 34 are used as the cutting object. Suction is performed through the suction nozzle 35. In other words, each cutter wheel 32a, 32b is rotated so that the cutter bit 34 entrains the cut object and raises it from below in the intermediate area, whereby the cut object is disposed above the intermediate area. It is guided to the suction nozzle 35 and discharged from here by the discharge pump 31.

The main body 33 of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is provided with an adjustable guide 36 (cutter protection means) on each of four surfaces via cylinders (not shown). The adjustable guide 36 functions as a spacer for preventing the cutter bit 34 from contacting a concrete structure such as a dam dam body. That is, the cutter bit 34 is separated from the dam dam by extending the cylinder and projecting the adjustable guide 36 outward from the cutter bit 34 and bringing the adjustable guide 36 into contact with the dam dam.
In addition, a discharge pump 31, a plurality of hydraulic gauges (not shown), a plurality of tachometers 37a and 37b, and an inclinometer 37c are provided in the main body 33 of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30. The adjustable guide cylinders (not shown), the cutter wheels 32a and 32b, and the discharge pump 31 are driven by oil pressure, and each oil pressure is measured by a plurality of oil pressure gauges. The tachometers 37a and 37b measure the number of rotations of the discharge pump 31 and the cutter wheels 32a and 32b. The inclinometer 37c measures the inclination angle of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 itself, and the position with respect to the base machine 20 is calculated based on this inclination angle.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the base machine 20 and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 as seen from a direction orthogonal to FIG.
The base machine 20 includes a wire drum 21, a hydraulic hose drum 22, a discharge hose drum 23, and an operation chamber 29. The base machine 20 is provided on a gantry 27 together with a generator 25 and a hydraulic control device 26. A wheel 27a is provided, and an encoder 27b and a drive motor 27c are attached to the predetermined wheel 27a.
An encoder 21 b is attached to the wire drum 21, and a suspension wire 21 a that suspends the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is wound around the wire drum 21. The unwinding length of the suspension wire 21a is obtained from the number of rotations of the wire drum 21 measured by the encoder 21b, and thereby the depth of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 in water is calculated.
A bundle of hydraulic cables 22 a is wound around the hydraulic hose drum 22, and the oil fed from the hydraulic control device 26 is supplied to the main body 33 of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 via these hydraulic cables 22 a. The The cylinder of the adjustable guide 36, the discharge pump 31, and the cutter wheels 32a and 32b are driven by this hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic hose drum 22 is adjusted so that the length of the hydraulic cable 22a is appropriate according to the unwinding length and unwinding length of the suspension wire 21a.
A hose 23 a is wound around the discharge hose drum 23, and one end of the hose 23 a extends to the horizontal multiaxial rotary cutter 30 and is connected to a discharge pump 31 in the main body, and the other end of the hose 23 a is connected to the base machine 20. Are connected to the electromagnetic flow meter 28. The electromagnetic flow meter 28 is connected to a pipe 28a extending to a sediment classification plant (not shown) provided on land. In the electromagnetic flow meter 28, the flow rate of the mixture of the cut material and water pumped by the discharge pump 31 is measured. The discharge hose drum 23 is adjusted so that the length of the hose 23a is appropriate according to the unwinding length and unwinding length of the suspension wire 21a.

The operation room 29 is for an operator to board and operate the saddle device 10 and includes a cutting control computer, a monitor, an operation panel, and the like, although not particularly illustrated.
Measurement data obtained by each measuring instrument is sent to the cutting control computer, and these measurement data are displayed on a monitor. These measurement data are processed by the control program installed in the cutting control computer and sent as control data to each drive unit, or the operator confirms the measurement data on the monitor and manually operates the operation panel. It is possible to send control data to each drive unit via a cutting control computer. The above measurement data and control data are transmitted to the management computer and stored or analyzed.
Here, the following measurement data is sent to the cutting control computer.
(1) Number of rotations of cutter wheels 32a and 32b obtained by tachometer 37a (2) Number of rotations of discharge pump 31 obtained by tachometer 37b (3) Inclination of horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 obtained by inclinometer 37c Angle (4) Hydraulic data of the discharge pump 31 obtained by the hydraulic gauge (5) Hydraulic data of the cutter wheels 32a and 32b obtained by the hydraulic gauge (6) Hydraulic data of the cylinder of the adjustable guide 36 obtained by the hydraulic gauge (7) Measurement data obtained by the encoder of the winch 14 of the buoyancy body 11 (8) Measurement data obtained by the encoder 27b of the wheel 27a (9) Measurement data obtained by the encoder 21b of the wire drum 21 (10) Obtained by the electromagnetic flow meter 28 Next, from the cutting control computer, the following devices Control data is sent.
(A) Hydraulic motor of discharge pump 31 (b) Hydraulic motor of cutter wheels 32a and 32b (c) Cylinder of adjustable guide 36 (d) Winch 14 of buoyancy body 11
(E) Drive motor 27c for wheel 27a
(F) Wire drum 21
(G) Hydraulic hose drum 22
(H) Discharge hose drum 23

Next, a construction method using the dredge apparatus 10 having the above configuration will be described.
First, the dredging device 10 is floated on the dam reservoir and moved to a place where the deposit 41 is removed. At this time, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 suspended from the base machine 20 is suspended at a height that does not contact the deposit 41. Then, the wire 16 wound around the winch 14 of the buoyancy body 11 is unwound, and a hook member provided at the tip of the wire 16 is sunk at a predetermined position, and the wire 16 is unwound and stretched. Thereby, the buoyancy body 11 of the dredger device 10 is fixed at a predetermined position in the dam reservoir.
Next, after moving the base machine 20 to one end of the rail 12, the suspension wire 21a is unwound from the wire drum 21 of the base machine 20, and the height of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is adjusted to contact the deposit surface. Let

As described above, when the dredger device 10 is placed at a predetermined position, the dredging process is started.
First, the cutter wheels 32a and 32b of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 are driven at the same rotational speed, and the vertical direction to the height at which the cutter wheels 32a and 32b are buried in the deposit 41 as shown in FIG. Dig into. Then, by rotating the right cutter wheel 32b in FIG. 1 at a relatively higher speed than the left cutter wheel 32a, the horizontal multiaxial rotary cutter 30 cuts the deposit 41 in the direction of arrow A in FIG. move on. At this time, the wheels 27a of the base machine 20 are rotationally driven on the buoyant body 11 by the drive motor 27c and travel and move in the same direction (arrow B direction) as the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 at the same speed. The deposit 41 cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is sucked from the cut object suction nozzle 35 by the discharge pump 31, passes through the electromagnetic flow meter 28 through the hose 23a, and is provided on land via the pipe 28a. It is pumped to the sediment classification plant.
Even if the deposit 41 contains cobblestones or sinking trees, they are cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 and sucked by the discharge pump 31, so that the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 can be lifted on the water. There is no need to do so, and the deposit can be continuously dredged at a predetermined thickness by simply moving it in the vicinity of the bottom of the water.

In the above dredging process, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is controlled so as to be arranged at the same plane position as the base machine 20, but when both plane positions are shifted, the horizontal multi-axis rotation cutter 30 is rotated. An inclination is generated in the expression cutter 30, and this is detected by the inclinometer 37c. For example, there are the following three methods for correcting the deviation of the planar position.
(1) If the cutter wheels 32a and 32b of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 are stopped, the hanging wire 21a is wound up, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is lifted, and the contact state with the deposit 41 is released, the horizontal multi The shaft-rotating cutter 30 returns to the vertical position due to gravity and the inclination is corrected. Then, if the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is suspended and brought into contact with the deposit 41, the planar positions of both can be made to coincide.
(2) The horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is temporarily stopped, and the base machine 20 is moved and moved in accordance with the position of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 so that the plane positions of the two coincide with each other and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is inclined. It is possible to correct.
(3) The traveling of the base machine 20 is temporarily stopped and the relative rotational speeds of the cutter wheels 32a and 32b of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 are adjusted, that is, one speed of the cutter wheels 32a and 32b. By increasing / decreasing the speed with respect to the other speed, it is possible to correct a delay or an excessive advance with respect to the base machine 20, and to correct the inclination of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 by matching the plane positions of both. .

  When the base machine 20 is moved over the entire length of the rail 12 while being synchronized with the cutting movement of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30, the base machine 20 and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 are temporarily stopped, and the base machine 20 The position of the buoyancy body 11 is slightly moved in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction (the axial direction of the rail 12). That is, a single cutting groove 42 is formed on the deposit 41 as a locus cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30, and the width of the cutting groove 42, that is, the width of the cutter wheels 32a and 32b. Is moved in the orthogonal direction by the amount corresponding to. The buoyancy body 11 is moved by unwinding and winding the wire 16 by the winch 14.

After slightly moving the buoyancy body 11 in the orthogonal direction, the base machine 20 and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 are moved over the entire length of the rail 12 in the direction opposite to the above-described movement direction. Referring to FIG. 1, by rotating the left cutter wheel 32a at a relatively higher speed than the right cutter wheel 32b, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 cuts the deposit 41 and moves the arrow. It is possible to proceed in the opposite direction of A. At this time, the base machine 20 can also run at the same speed in the reverse direction of the arrow B by rotating the wheel 27a in the reverse direction. The deposit 41 cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is similarly pumped by a discharge pump 31 to a deposit classification plant provided on land.
The horizontal movement of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 as described above, the traveling movement of the base machine 20, and the water movement in the orthogonal direction of the buoyant body 11 are indicated by arrows X1 to X8 and arrows Y1 to Y7 in FIG. And so on. That is, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 advances by that distance in the direction of the arrow X1, and cuts one cutting groove 42 on the deposit with a width W1. After that, when the buoyancy body 11 is moved by the width W1 in the direction of the arrow Y1, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is moved by that distance in the direction of the arrow X2, so that the cutting groove 42 having the width W1 is cut again on the deposit. . As described above, the movements of the arrows X1 to X8 and the arrows Y1 to Y7 are sequentially repeated, so that the plane on the deposit covering the width of (length L) × (width W) is the horizontal multiaxial rotary cutter 30. It is cut and discharged.
As described above, the dredge device 10 continuously moves the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 in the lateral direction to cut and remove the deposit 41 in a flat shape. Even if cobblestones and sunken trees are included in the slab, these are cut by the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 and sucked by the discharge pump 31, so that the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 30 is lifted to the water as in the conventional apparatus. There is no need to turn or turn, and there is no time loss for that, and it is possible to proceed the dredging process with extremely high construction efficiency.

It is the figure which looked at the scissors apparatus concerning this invention from the side. It is the figure which looked at the scissors apparatus concerning this invention from the front. It is a top view of the dredge apparatus concerning this invention. It is the figure which expanded the base machine of the dredge apparatus and a horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter. It is the enlarged view seen from the direction different from FIG. It is the figure which showed the locus | trajectory to which a horizontal multiaxial rotary cutter moves.

Explanation of symbols

10 浚 渫 Device 11 Buoyant Body 12 Rail (Track)
14 Winch 16 Wire 20 Base machine 30 Horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter 31 Discharge pump 36 Contact cutter protection means 37c Inclinometer 40 Water bottom

Claims (4)

  An apparatus for dredging sediment accumulated in the bottom of a closed water area such as a dam, which floats on the water by buoyancy and is formed to be movable on the water, and a track laid on the buoyancy body A base machine provided so as to be able to travel along the track, a horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter that is suspended from the base machine and supported so as to be movable up and down, and cuts the deposit, and the horizontal multi-axis And a pump for sucking and discharging deposits cut by the rotary cutter, the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is formed such that each axis can be driven at different rotational speeds, and each axis is driven at different rotational speeds. A scissor device that can be laterally moved in a predetermined direction by driving.   Cutter protection means for controlling a horizontal position of the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter so that the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is not separated from a non-glazed object such as a concrete structure and is not in contact with the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter. The scissor device according to claim 1.   The means for enabling the buoyancy body to move on the water comprises a winch attached on the buoyancy body and a wire having an intermediate portion wound around the winch and stretched. Dredge equipment. The horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is provided with an inclinometer, and the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter is positioned with respect to the base machine according to the value obtained by the inclinometer in order to suspend the horizontal multi-axis rotary cutter substantially vertically from the base machine. The dredge apparatus according to claim 1, which corrects

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