JP2007139404A - Heat exchanger and manufacturing method for it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simply-constructed heat exchanger and a manufacturing method for it capable of efficient heating. <P>SOLUTION: An evaporator 10 serving as the heat exchanger heating water 2 by exhaust combustion gas 6 for vaporizing it is provided with a heating cylinder, which has a flow passage 10a axially formed spirally for passing flow of the exhaust combustion gas 6 on the inner circumferential face side and for passing flow of the water 2 in the circumference direction. The heating cylinder is provided with a cylindrical body 11, an outside spiral wavy tube 12 attached coaxially to the outer circumference of the cylindrical body 11 and provided with a rugged shape axially formed spirally, and a guide cylinder 13 arranged coaxially inside the cylindrical body 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a manufacturing method thereof.

  For example, FIG. 14 shows a conventional example of a water evaporator used to reform fuel gas supplied to a fuel cell main body in a fuel cell power generation system.

  As shown in FIG. 14, a conventional evaporator 210 has a tube 212 spirally wound around an outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical body 211 in which a guide cylinder 213 is coaxially arranged inside. While circulating the heated gas 6 between the cylindrical body 211 and supplying the fuel gas 1 such as city gas made of hydrocarbon gas and water 2 into the tube 212, the cylindrical body 211 and the tube 212 are passed through. The water 2 can be heated and supplied as steam 2a together with the fuel gas 1 to a fuel reforming catalyst disposed on the downstream side with a simple structure.

JP-A-8-3131177

  However, in the conventional evaporator 210 as described above, when the water 2 is heated with the heating gas 6, it is difficult to heat efficiently because the tube 212 is only in line contact with the cylindrical body 211. .

  Such a problem is not limited to the above-described evaporator 210 used in the fuel cell power generation system, but can be caused in the same manner as described above as long as it is an evaporator that heats and vaporizes a liquid with a heated gas. Of course, even a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the first fluid and the second fluid can occur in the same manner as described above.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that can be efficiently heated while having a simple structure, and a method for manufacturing the same.

  A heat exchanger according to a first invention for solving the above-described problem is a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a first fluid and a second fluid, and is arranged on the inner peripheral surface side. A heat exchange cylinder is provided, in which a flow passage for circulating the first fluid and circulating the second fluid along the circumferential direction is formed in a spiral shape in the axial direction.

  A heat exchanger according to a second invention is the heat exchanger according to the first invention, wherein the heat exchange tube is formed with a groove-shaped flow passage spiraling in the axial direction along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface. And a lid cylinder that is coaxially fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body so as to close the opening of the flow passage of the cylindrical body.

  A heat exchanger according to a third invention is the heat exchanger according to the first invention, wherein the heat exchange cylinder is attached to a cylindrical body and an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body coaxially and spirals in the axial direction. And an outer spiral corrugated tube formed with unevenness.

  A heat exchanger according to a fourth aspect is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange cylinder is attached to a cylindrical body and an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body coaxially and spirals in an axial direction. And an inner spiral corrugated tube formed with irregularities forming a shape.

  A heat exchanger according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the heat exchanger according to the first aspect, wherein the heat exchange tube has an inner spiral corrugated tube in which irregularities forming a spiral shape in the axial direction are formed, and toward the axial direction. An outer side formed coaxially on the outer surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube so as to form the spiral flow path in the axial direction between the inner spiral corrugated tube and a spiral irregularity formed And a spiral corrugated tube.

  The heat exchanger according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the heat exchanger according to the third aspect, wherein the heat exchanger is attached coaxially to the inside of the heat exchange tube so as to contact the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body of the heat exchange tube. It has a guide spiral corrugated tube formed with irregularities spiraling in the axial direction.

  A heat exchanger according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the fourth or fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the heat exchanger is coaxially arranged inside the heat exchange tube so as to contact the inner spiral corrugated tube of the heat exchange tube. It is provided with a provided guide tube.

  A heat exchanger according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the heat exchanger according to the seventh aspect, wherein the guide tube is formed with concavities and convexities that spiral in the axial direction, and the inner spiral corrugated tube of the heat exchange tube The guide spiral corrugated tube is coaxially attached to the inner surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube so as to form a spiral flow passage in the axial direction therebetween.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the heat exchanger which concerns on 9th invention for solving the subject mentioned above is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger which concerns on 2nd invention, Comprising: The said flow path was formed The lid cylinder is shrink-fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to a tenth aspect of the invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the second aspect of the invention, in which a plate material is circumferentially disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body in which the flow passage is formed. The lid cylinder is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body by welding and joining the end portions of the plate material.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to a tenth invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the second invention, wherein the cylindrical body in which the flow passage is formed is inserted inside a tubular member. Thus, the cover cylinder is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body by forming a weld bead on the cylindrical material and contracting the circumferential length of the cylindrical material.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to a twelfth aspect of the invention is any one of the ninth to tenth aspects of the invention, wherein the heat exchanger is rotated while supporting both ends of the cylindrical tube, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube is rotated. It is characterized in that the cylindrical body is manufactured by cutting by moving it in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing the cutting tool.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to a thirteenth invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the third invention, wherein the outer spiral corrugated tube is shrink-fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. It is characterized by.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to a fourteenth aspect of the invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the third aspect of the invention, in which the cylindrical body having a smaller diameter than the outer spiral corrugated tube is used as the outer spiral corrugation. It is characterized by being inserted into a pipe and expanding the diameter of the cylindrical body so as to be uniformly plastically deformed in the radial direction.

  In the fifteenth or fourteenth invention, the heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the fifteenth invention is rotated while pressing and supporting both end sides of the cylindrical tube, and the outer surface of the cylindrical tube is rotated. The outer spiral corrugated tube is manufactured by performing a spinning process by feeding and moving in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing a spherical body.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the sixteenth invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the fourth invention, wherein the cylindrical body is shrink-fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube. It is characterized by.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the seventeenth invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the fourth invention, wherein a plate material is provided along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube. The cylindrical body is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube by welding and joining the ends of the plate members.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to an eighteenth aspect of the invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect of the invention, in which the inner spiral corrugated tube is inserted into the inner side of a cylindrical member, and the tube The cylindrical body is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube by forming a weld bead on the material and contracting the circumferential length of the cylindrical member.

  According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchanger manufacturing method as defined in any one of the sixteenth to eighteenth aspects of the invention, wherein the both ends of the cylindrical tube are rotated while being pressed and supported. The inner spiral corrugated tube is manufactured by performing a spinning process by feeding and moving in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing a spherical body on the outer peripheral surface.

  A heat exchanger manufacturing method according to a twentieth invention is a heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the fifth invention, wherein the outer spiral corrugated tube is shrink-fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube. It is characterized by doing.

  The heat exchanger manufacturing method according to the twentieth aspect of the invention is the twentieth aspect of the invention, wherein the two ends of the cylindrical tube are rotated while being pressed and supported, and the sphere is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. The inner spiral corrugated tube and the inner spiral corrugated tube are respectively manufactured by performing a feeding process in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube and spinning.

  The twenty-second invention is an evaporator using any one of the heat exchangers of the first to eighth inventions, wherein a heating gas is circulated as the first fluid, and By circulating a liquid as the second fluid, the liquid is heated and vaporized with the heated gas.

  The twenty-third invention includes an evaporator according to the twenty-second invention, and a heating gas supply means for supplying a heating gas to the inner peripheral surface side of the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator. Water supply means for supplying water to the flow passage of the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator, and fuel gas supply means for supplying fuel gas composed of hydrocarbons to the flow passage of the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator; A fuel reforming means for generating a fuel gas containing hydrogen gas by steam reforming the fuel gas together with the steam delivered from the evaporator; and the fuel gas reformed by the fuel reforming means is a fuel. A fuel cell power generation system comprising: a fuel cell main body fed to the electrode side; and an oxidizing gas supply means for supplying an oxidizing gas containing oxygen to the oxidation electrode side of the fuel cell main body. .

  According to a twenty-fourth invention, in the twenty-third invention, the heated gas supply means is disposed inside the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator and discharged from the fuel cell main body. A fuel cell power generation system, characterized by being a combustion burner that combusts fuel gas and delivers combustion exhaust gas.

  According to the heat exchanger according to the present invention, the heating gas and the liquid come into surface contact via the heat exchange cylinder, so that the heating can be efficiently performed even with a simple structure.

  Embodiments of a heat exchanger and a manufacturing method thereof according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited only to the embodiments described below with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
A first embodiment in which the heat exchanger according to the present invention is used in an evaporator will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main part of an evaporator, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell power generation system using the evaporator of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the evaporator according to the present embodiment is an evaporator 10 that heats and vaporizes water 2 that is liquid with combustion exhaust gas 6 that is heating gas, and has a first on the inner peripheral surface side. A heating cylinder, which is a heat exchange cylinder in which a flow passage 10a for circulating the combustion exhaust gas 6 as a fluid and the water 2 as a second fluid along the circumferential direction is formed in a spiral shape in the axial direction, is provided. The heating cylinder includes a cylindrical body 11, and an outer spiral corrugated tube 12 that is coaxially attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11 and has an irregular shape that spirals in the axial direction. Is provided. Further, the evaporator 10 includes a guide cylinder 13 disposed coaxially inside the cylindrical body 11.

  In the evaporator 10 according to the present embodiment, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is rotated while pressing and supporting both ends of the cylindrical tube, and the cylindrical tube is pressed while pressing a spherical pressing roller against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. It can be easily manufactured by carrying out a spinning process by feeding it in the axial direction of the tube.

  Then, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is shrink-fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11, or the cylindrical body 11 having a smaller diameter than the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is inserted into the outer spiral corrugated tube 12, and then the cylinder. A diameter expanding jig capable of expanding and contracting in the radial direction is inserted into the body 11 to expand the diameter of the cylindrical body 11 and uniformly plastically deform in the radial direction, or the cylindrical body 11 having a smaller diameter than the outer spiral corrugated tube 12. Is inserted into the outer spiral corrugated tube 12, and then a plug having an outer diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is fitted into the cylindrical body 11 and pulled out to be uniformly plastically deformed in the radial direction. Thus, the evaporator 10 according to the present embodiment can be easily manufactured.

  In the evaporator 10 according to the present embodiment that can be produced in this manner, water 2 is supplied from above into the spiral flow passage 10 a formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11 and the outer spiral corrugated tube 12. When the flue gas 6 is circulated from the lower side between the cylindrical body 11 and the guide tube 13 while being supplied, the heat of the flue gas 6 passes through the cylindrical body 11. It is transmitted to the water 2 flowing through the flow passage 10a, and the water 2 is heated to become water vapor 2a and is sent from below.

  At this time, the combustion exhaust gas 6 is in surface contact with the cylindrical body 11, and the water 2 is also in surface contact with the cylindrical body 11, so that the heating efficiency is increased.

  Therefore, according to the evaporator 10 which concerns on this embodiment, although it is a simple structure, it can heat efficiently.

  Next, a fuel cell power generation system using the evaporator 10 according to the above-described embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment is configured to supply the above-described evaporator 10 and the combustion gas 6 that is the heating gas to the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical body 11 of the evaporator 10. Combustion burner 111 serving as gas supply means, water supply source 122 serving as water supply means for supplying water 2 to the flow passage 10a of the evaporator 10, and hydrocarbon gas to the flow passage 10a of the evaporator 10 A fuel gas supply source 121 that is a fuel gas supply means for supplying a fuel gas 1 such as a city gas and a fuel containing hydrogen gas by steam reforming the fuel gas 1 together with the steam 2a sent from the evaporator 10 Fuel reforming means 131, CO shift catalytic converter 132, PROX catalyst 133, which are fuel reforming means for generating gas 1, and the fuel gas 1 reformed by these fuel reforming means 131-133 are used as fuel. Extreme side A fuel cell main body 141 to be fed, and a blower fan 123 is an oxide gas supply means for supplying air 3 is an oxidizing gas containing oxygen to the oxidizing electrode of the fuel cell main body 141.

  In the evaporator 10, the base end side of the cylindrical body 11, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12, and the guide tube 13 is supported by the support plate 14, and the distal end side of the cylindrical body 11 is closed by the lid plate 15. A gap is formed between the distal end side of the guide tube 13 and the cover plate 15.

  The combustion burner 111 is supported by the support plate 14 so as to be coaxial with the inner side of the cylindrical body 11 of the evaporator 10, and is used for combustion from the supply air 112 and the fuel gas supply source 113. By burning the fuel gas 1 discharged from the fuel cell main body 141 together with the fuel gas 5 such as the city gas, the fuel gas 1 is burned through the gap between the tip end side of the guide tube 13 and the lid plate 15. The exhaust gas 6 can be circulated between the cylindrical body 11 of the evaporator 10 and the guide tube 13.

The fuel reforming catalyst 131 reacts the fuel gas 1 sent from the flow passage 10a of the evaporator 10 and the water vapor 2a to reform to carbon monoxide and hydrogen (CH ₄ + H). ₂ O → CO + 3H ₂ ), which is disposed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11 constituting the evaporator 10 in the circumferential direction, and when performing the steam reforming reaction, the combustion burner 111 The heat of the combustion exhaust gas 6 from is used.

The CO shift catalytic converter 132 reacts with the carbon monoxide fed from the fuel reformer 131 and the water vapor 2a to convert it into carbon dioxide and hydrogen (CO shift) reaction (CO + H ₂ O → CO ₂ + H ₂ ).

The PROX catalyst 133 performs a selective oxidation reaction (CO + 1 / 2O ₂ → CO ₂ ) on carbon dioxide by reacting carbon monoxide and oxygen delivered from the CO shift catalyst 132.

  The fuel cell main body 141 can generate electricity by electrochemically reacting the hydrogen gas in the reformed fuel gas 1 from the PROX catalyst 133 and the air 3 from the blower fan 123. is there.

  In the fuel cell power generation system according to this embodiment, the combustion air 4 and the fuel gas 5 are supplied from the feed fan 112 and the fuel gas supply source 113 to the combustion burner 111, and a flame is generated from the combustion burner 111. When the combustion exhaust gas 6 is generated and the fuel gas 1 and water 2 are supplied from the fuel supply source 121 and the water supply source 122 to the flow passage 10a of the evaporator 10 from above, the combustion exhaust gas 6 is supplied to the evaporator 10. The inside of the guide tube 13 flows downward and flows between the cylindrical body 11 and the guide tube 13 through the gap between the front end side of the guide tube 13 and the cover plate 15 and rises between the two. The fuel gas 1 and the water 2 flow down spirally in the axial direction along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11 of the evaporator 10 and are heated by the heat from the combustion exhaust gas 6 flowing between the above, and the water 2 is Water vapor 2a It is fed to the fuel reforming catalyst 131 together with the fuel gas 1. The combustion exhaust gas 6 that has circulated between the above is discharged to the outside from an exhaust port (not shown).

  As described above, the fuel gas 1 and the water vapor 2a supplied to the fuel reforming catalyst 131 are reformed into carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and then supplied to the CO shift catalytic converter 132. After the carbon oxide and the water vapor 2a are converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen, the carbon dioxide and oxygen are selectively oxidized to carbon dioxide after being supplied to the PROX catalyst 133, and then on the fuel electrode side of the fuel cell main body 141. The hydrogen gas generated by the above reforming reaction is electrochemically reacted with oxygen in the air 3 supplied from the blower fan 123 to the oxidation electrode side of the fuel cell main body 141 to generate electric power. .

  The fuel gas 1 used for power generation in the fuel cell main body 141 is fed to the combustion burner 111 and burned together with the combustion air 4 and the fuel gas 5 from the feed fan 112 and the fuel gas supply source 113. On the other hand, the air 3 used for power generation in the fuel cell main body 141 is discharged to the outside.

  In such a fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment, since the evaporator 10 that can be efficiently heated is used while having a simple structure, the combustion exhaust gas 6 from the combustion burner 111 is reduced. Since the amount of heat can be reduced, the consumption of fuel gas 5 for combustion can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the fuel cell power generation system according to the present embodiment, the running cost can be reduced.

  For example, when the evaporator 10 is applied to a 1 kW class fuel cell power generation system, the temperature on the inlet side of the evaporator 10 is 400 to 600 ° C. in the combustion exhaust gas 6, and the water 2 and the fuel gas 1 are mixed. The flow rate of the fluid flowing through the evaporator 10 at room temperature to 200 ° C. is 5-30 NL / min for the combustion exhaust gas 6, 1-20 g / min for the water 2, 0-5 NL / min for the fuel gas 1. Then, the tube diameter D, tube length L, and heat transfer area A (= πDL) of the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 of the heating cylinder of the evaporator 10 are set.

  In order to increase the heat transfer efficiency, the corrugated pitch P of the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is made as small as possible, that is, the cross-sectional area S of the flow passage 10a is set as small as possible. On the other hand, since the phase change in which the water 2 becomes the water vapor 2a occurs, the lower limit value of the cross-sectional area S of the flow passage 10a is set so as to sufficiently cope with the phase change. The various values described above are set in consideration of such various conditions. For this reason, depending on conditions, for example, it may be more preferable to decrease the pitch P sequentially from the upper side to the lower side, or increase the pitch P sequentially from the upper side to the lower side.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment when the heat exchanger according to the present invention is used in an evaporator will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main part of the evaporator. In addition, about the part similar to the case of 1st embodiment mentioned above, the code | symbol similar to the code | symbol used in description of 1st embodiment mentioned above is used also in this embodiment, and 1st mentioned above. Description overlapping with that in the second embodiment is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the evaporator according to the present embodiment is an evaporator 20 that heats and vaporizes water 2 that is liquid with combustion exhaust gas 6 that is heating gas, and has a first on the inner peripheral surface side. It has a heating cylinder that is a heat exchange cylinder in which a flow passage 20a that circulates the combustion exhaust gas 6 as a fluid and circulates the water 2 as a second fluid along the circumferential direction is formed in a spiral shape in the axial direction. This heating cylinder is attached to the cylindrical body 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 22 coaxially, and an inner spiral corrugated tube 21 formed with concavities and convexities spiraling in the axial direction. Is provided. Further, the evaporator 20 includes a guide cylinder 13 disposed coaxially inside the cylindrical body 22.

  In the evaporator 20 according to this embodiment, the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 is easily manufactured from a cylindrical tube in the same manner as the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 of the first embodiment described above. be able to.

  And the evaporator 20 which concerns on this embodiment is produced easily by shrink-fitting the cylindrical body 22 to the outer peripheral surface of the said inner side spiral corrugated tube 21 similarly to the case of 1st embodiment mentioned above. be able to.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the plate member 22 a is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 so as to be curved along the circumferential direction, and the end portions of the plate member 22 a are welded together, The edge of the plate member 22a is welded and joined to the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 so that the cylindrical body 22 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 so as to be tightened in the circumferential direction. The evaporator 20 can be easily manufactured.

  According to such a method as shown in FIG. 4, there is a slight error between the circumferential length of the plate member 22 a and the radial size of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, or the trueness of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21. Even when the circularity is not high, the cylindrical body 22 can be easily brought into close contact with the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, which is very preferable.

  Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of (two in FIG. 4) plate members 22b are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, and the ends of the plate members 22b are welded together. In addition, the present embodiment can also be implemented by attaching the cylindrical body 22 to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 in a circumferential direction by welding the edge of the plate member 22b to the inner spiral corrugated tube 21. The evaporator 20 which concerns on a form can be produced easily.

  According to such a method as shown in FIG. 5, as in the case shown in FIG. 4 described above, there is an error in the circumferential length of the plate member 22 b and the radial size of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21. Of course, the cylindrical body 22 can be easily brought into close contact with the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 even when the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 is not high in roundness. Since there are a plurality of locations (2 locations in FIG. 4) between the end portions of the welded portion 22b, the adhesion (tightening degree) of the cylindrical body 22 to the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 can be easily made uniform in the circumferential direction. Therefore, it is more preferable.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 is inserted inside the cylindrical member 22c, and a weld bead 22ca is formed on the cylindrical member 22c so that the circumferential length of the cylindrical member 22c is increased. Also by shrinking and attaching the cylindrical body 22 to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 in a circumferential direction by welding the edge of the cylindrical member 22c to the inner spiral corrugated tube 21. The evaporator 20 according to the present embodiment can be easily manufactured.

  In the evaporator 20 according to the present embodiment that can be produced in this manner, it is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 22 and the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 as in the case of the first embodiment described above. The water 2 is supplied to the spiral flow passage 20a from above, and the combustion exhaust gas 6 from below is provided between the inner peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, that is, between the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 and the guide tube 13. , The heat of the combustion exhaust gas 6 is transmitted to the water 2 flowing through the flow passage 20a through the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, and the water 2 is heated to become water vapor 2a and sent from below. The

  At this time, the combustion exhaust gas 6 is in surface contact with the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, and the water 2 is also in surface contact with the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, so that the heating efficiency is increased.

  That is, in the first embodiment described above, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11 to form a heating cylinder, but in this embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 22 is formed. The inner spiral corrugated tube 21 is attached to form a heating cylinder.

  Therefore, according to the evaporator 20 according to the present embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, it is possible to heat efficiently while having a simple structure. Since the heat of the combustion exhaust gas 6 is transmitted to the water 2 via the spiral corrugated tube 21, the heat transfer area can be further increased as compared with the case of the first embodiment described above. Heating can be performed more efficiently than in the case of the embodiment. In addition, since the spiral corrugated tube 21 has higher accuracy on the outer peripheral surface side than on the inner peripheral surface side, the cylindrical body 22 is attached to the outer peripheral surface, so that the circulation is greater than in the case of the first embodiment described above. The accuracy of the path 20a can be increased.

  Similarly to the evaporator 10 of the first embodiment described above, the evaporator 20 according to the present embodiment can also be used in the fuel cell power generation system. The same effect as the case can be obtained.

[Third embodiment]
A third embodiment when the heat exchanger according to the present invention is used in an evaporator will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main part of the evaporator. For the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments described above, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first and second embodiments described above are used in this embodiment. Descriptions overlapping with those described in the first and second embodiments are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the evaporator according to the present embodiment is an evaporator 30 that heats and vaporizes water 2 that is liquid with combustion exhaust gas 6 that is heating gas, and has a first on the inner peripheral surface side. A heating cylinder which is a heat exchange cylinder in which a flow passage 30a for circulating the combustion exhaust gas 6 as a fluid and circulating the water 2 as a second fluid along the circumferential direction is formed in a spiral shape in the axial direction is provided. The heating cylinder has an inner spiral corrugated tube 21 formed with irregularities spiraling in the axial direction, and an inner spiral corrugated tube formed with irregularities spiraling in the axial direction. The outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is coaxially attached to the outer surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 so as to form the spiral flow passage 30a in the axial direction between the outer spiral corrugated tube 21 and the outer spiral corrugated tube 21. . Further, the evaporator 30 includes a guide tube 13 disposed coaxially inside the cylindrical body 11.

  The evaporator 30 according to this embodiment can easily produce the spiral corrugated tubes 12 and 21 from the cylindrical tube, respectively, in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments described above. As in the case of the first embodiment, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 can be easily manufactured by shrink fitting the outer spiral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 or the like.

  In the evaporator 30 according to the present embodiment that can be produced in this manner, the inner peripheral surface of the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 and the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 are similar to the first and second embodiments described above. Water 2 is supplied from above to the spiral flow passage 30a formed between the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, that is, between the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 and the guide tube 13. When the combustion exhaust gas 6 is circulated from below, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas 6 is transmitted to the water 2 flowing through the flow passage 30a via the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, and the water 2 is heated to steam 2a. And sent from below.

  At this time, the combustion exhaust gas 6 is in surface contact with the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, and the water 2 is also in surface contact with the inner spiral corrugated tube 21, so that the heating efficiency is increased.

  That is, in the first embodiment described above, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 11 to form a heating cylinder, and in the second embodiment described above, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 22. However, in this embodiment, the outer spiral corrugated tube 12 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 to constitute the heating tube. is there.

  Therefore, according to the evaporator 30 which concerns on this embodiment, it can heat efficiently, although it is a simple structure similarly to the case of the 1st, 2nd embodiment mentioned above.

  Similarly to the case of the evaporators 10 and 20 of the first and second embodiments described above, the evaporator 30 according to the present embodiment can also be used in the fuel cell power generation system. The same effects as those of the second embodiment can be obtained.

[Other Embodiments]
In the second and third embodiments described above, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the guide tube 13 is disposed so that a gap is formed between the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 and the guide tube 13. However, as another embodiment, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the guide tube 43 is coaxially formed inside the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 so as to contact the inner spiral corrugated tube 21. The evaporators 40 and 50 are heat exchangers that are arranged and formed with a flow passage 40b spiraling in the axial direction between the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 and the guide tube 43, and the combustion exhaust gas 6 is the above-described It is also possible to further increase the heating efficiency of the water 2 by the combustion exhaust gas 6 by flowing through the flow passage 40b and spirally flowing from below to the axial direction.

  Further, in place of the guide tube 43 formed of a cylindrical tube, for example, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, an unevenness that forms a spiral shape in the axial direction is formed so that the cylindrical body 11 and the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 By arranging the guide spiral corrugated tube 63 coaxially with the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 or the inner spiral corrugated tube 21 so as to form spiral flow passages 60b and 70b in the axial direction therebetween, It is also possible to constitute the evaporators 60, 70 and 80 which are heat exchangers.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the spiral corrugated tube is formed in the axial direction using the spiral corrugated tube formed with the concave and convex portions that spiral in the axial direction. As an embodiment of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, a heating cylinder, which is a heat exchange cylinder, is formed with a groove-shaped flow passage 90 a spiraling in the axial direction along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface. Evaporation, which is a heat exchanger, includes a cylindrical body 91 and a lid cylinder 92 that is coaxially fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 91 so as to close the opening of the flow passage 90a of the cylindrical body 91. It is also possible to configure the device 90.

  The evaporator 90 is rotated while supporting both ends of the cylindrical tube, and is cut by performing a feed movement in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing a cutting tool against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. As in the case of the second embodiment described above, the cover cylinder 92 is shrink-fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 91, or the plate material is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 91. Are provided so as to be curved along the circumferential direction, and the end portions of the plate members are welded to each other, and the edge of the plate member is welded to the cylindrical body 91, whereby the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 91 is bonded. The lid cylinder 92 is attached so as to be tightened in the circumferential direction, or the cylindrical body 91 is inserted inside the cylinder, and a weld bead is formed on the cylinder to shrink the circumferential length of the cylinder. The edge of the cylinder By welding the cylindrical body 91, by such mounting as tightening the cover cylinder 92 on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 91 in the circumferential direction, can be easily manufactured.

  Since the heat exchanger according to the present invention can be efficiently heated while having a simple structure, for example, if used in an evaporator of a fuel cell power generation system, the running cost can be reduced. It can be used extremely beneficially in industry.

It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of 1st embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the fuel cell power generation system using the evaporator of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of 2nd embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is explanatory drawing of an example of the manufacturing method of the evaporator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the other example of the manufacturing method of the evaporator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the further another example of the manufacturing method of the evaporator of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of 3rd embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of other embodiment at the time of utilizing the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention for an evaporator. It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of an example of the conventional evaporator.

Explanation of symbols

1 Fuel gas 2 Water 2a Water vapor 3 Air 4 Air (for combustion)
5 Fuel gas (for combustion)
6 Combustion exhaust gas 10 Evaporator 10a Flow path 11 Cylindrical body 12 Outer spiral corrugated pipe 13 Guide tube 14 Support plate 15 Cover plate 20 Evaporator 20a Flow path 21 Inner spiral corrugated pipe 22 Cylindrical body 22a-22c Plate material 22ca Weld bead 30 Evaporator 30a Flow path 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 Evaporator 40b, 60b, 70b Flow path 90 Evaporator 90a Flow path 91 Cylindrical body 92 Lid cylinder 111 Combustion burner 112 Blower fan (for combustion)
113 Fuel gas supply source (for combustion)
121 Fuel gas supply source 122 Water supply source 123 Blower fan 131 Fuel reforming catalyst device 132 CO shift catalyst device 133 PROX catalyst device 141 Fuel cell main body

Claims (24)

A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a first fluid and a second fluid,
A heat exchange cylinder in which the first fluid is circulated on the inner peripheral surface side, and a flow passage that circulates the second fluid along the circumferential direction is formed in a spiral shape in the axial direction. Features heat exchanger. In claim 1,
The heat exchange tube is
A cylindrical body formed with a groove-shaped flow passage spiraling in the axial direction along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface;
A heat exchanger comprising: a lid cylinder that is coaxially fitted to an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body so as to close an opening of the flow passage of the cylindrical body. In claim 1,
The heat exchange tube is
A cylinder,
A heat exchanger comprising: an outer spiral corrugated tube that is attached coaxially to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body and has an unevenness that spirals in the axial direction. In claim 1,
The heat exchange tube is
A cylinder,
A heat exchanger comprising: an inner spiral corrugated tube that is coaxially attached to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body and has an unevenness that spirals in an axial direction. In claim 1,
The heat exchange tube is
An inner spiral corrugated tube formed with irregularities spiraling in the axial direction;
The outer spiral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube is coaxial with the inner spiral corrugated tube so as to form an axial spiral passage between the inner spiral corrugated tube and the inner spiral corrugated tube. And an outer spiral corrugated tube attached thereto. In claim 3,
A guide spiral corrugated tube that is coaxially attached to the inside of the heat exchange tube so as to be in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body of the heat exchange tube, and is formed with irregularities that spiral in the axial direction. A heat exchanger characterized by comprising. In claim 4 or claim 5,
A heat exchanger comprising: a guide tube arranged coaxially inside the heat exchange tube so as to contact the inner spiral corrugated tube of the heat exchange tube. In claim 7,
The guide tube is formed with irregularities that form a spiral shape in the axial direction so as to form a spiral flow passage in the axial direction between the guide tube and the inner spiral corrugated tube of the heat exchange tube. A heat exchanger characterized in that it is a guide spiral corrugated tube attached coaxially to the inner surface of the spiral corrugated tube. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 2, Comprising:
The method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein the cover cylinder is shrink-fitted on an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder formed with the flow passage. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 2, Comprising:
The cover cylinder is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body by providing a plate material along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body in which the flow path is formed and welding the end portions of the plate material to each other. The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger characterized by these. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 2, Comprising:
The outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body is formed by inserting the cylindrical body in which the flow path is formed inside the cylindrical material, forming a weld bead on the cylindrical material, and contracting the circumferential length of the cylindrical material. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein the lid cylinder is attached to a heat exchanger. In any one of Claims 9-11,
The cylindrical body is manufactured by rotating while supporting both ends of the cylindrical tube, and cutting by moving the cylindrical tube by feeding it in the axial direction while pressing a cutting tool against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. A method for manufacturing a heat exchanger. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 3, Comprising:
The outer spiral corrugated tube is shrink-fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein: It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 3, Comprising:
A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein the cylindrical body having a smaller diameter than the outer spiral corrugated tube is inserted into the outer spiral corrugated tube, and the cylindrical body is expanded in diameter and uniformly plastically deformed in a radial direction. In claim 13 or claim 14,
The outer spiral corrugated tube is produced by rotating while pressing and supporting both end sides of the cylindrical tube, and performing a spinning process by feeding and moving in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing a sphere against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger characterized by these. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 4, Comprising:
The method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, wherein the cylindrical body is shrink-fitted on an outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 4, Comprising:
The cylindrical body is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube by providing a plate member along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube and welding the end portions of the plate member together. Manufacturing method of heat exchanger. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 4, Comprising:
The inner spiral corrugated tube is inserted into the inner side of the tubular member, and a weld bead is formed on the tubular member to shrink the circumferential length of the tubular member, thereby the outer spiral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, characterized by attaching a body. In any one of Claims 16-18,
The inner spiral corrugated tube is manufactured by rotating while pressing and supporting both ends of the cylindrical tube, and by performing a spinning process by feeding and moving in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing a sphere against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. The manufacturing method of the heat exchanger characterized by these. It is a manufacturing method of the heat exchanger of Claim 5, Comprising:
The outer spiral corrugated tube is shrink-fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the inner spiral corrugated tube. In claim 20,
The inner spiral corrugated tube and the inner spiral are rotated by pressing and supporting both end sides of the cylindrical tube, and by performing a spinning process by feeding it in the axial direction of the cylindrical tube while pressing a sphere against the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube. A method of manufacturing a heat exchanger, characterized by producing each corrugated tube. An evaporator using the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
An evaporator, wherein a heating gas is circulated as the first fluid and a liquid is circulated as the second fluid, whereby the liquid is heated and vaporized with the heating gas. The evaporator of claim 22;
Heating gas feeding means for feeding a heating gas to the inner peripheral surface side of the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator;
Water supply means for supplying water to the flow passage of the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator;
Fuel gas supply means for supplying a fuel gas composed of hydrocarbons to the flow passage of the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator;
Fuel reforming means for steam reforming the fuel gas together with the steam delivered from the evaporator to produce a fuel gas containing hydrogen gas;
A fuel cell body in which the fuel gas reformed by the fuel reforming means is fed to the fuel electrode side;
An oxidizing gas supply means for supplying an oxidizing gas containing oxygen to the oxidation electrode side of the fuel cell main body. In claim 23,
The heating gas feeding means is
A fuel cell power generation system, characterized in that it is a combustion burner that is disposed inside the heat exchange cylinder of the evaporator and combusts fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell main body to send out combustion exhaust gas.

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