JP2021076292A - Heat exchanger and reformation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a heat exchanger which can improve heat exchange efficiency of medium flowing in three flow parts while easily forming the three flow parts through which the medium flows.SOLUTION: A reformer 4 includes: a cylindrical housing 25; partitioning walls 41-43 spirally provided inside the housing 25 and partitioning a heating part 8, reforming part 9, and a combustion part 10; a first introduction pipe 26 provided on one end of the housing 25 and introducing ammonia gas to the heating part 8; a first discharge pipe 27 provided on the other end of the housing 25 and discharging ammonia gas flown in the heating part 8; a second introduction pipe 28 provided on the other end of the housing 25 and introducing ammonia gas to the reforming part 9; a second discharge pipe 29 provided on one end of the housing 25 and discharging ammonia gas flown in the reforming part 9; an introduction port 48 provided on the other end of the housing 25 and introducing ammonia gas and air to the combustion part 10; and a discharge port 49 provided on one end of the housing 25 and discharging the combusted gas flown in the combustion part 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to heat exchangers and reforming systems.

As a conventional heat exchanger, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, three types of heat exchangers that perform heat exchange are known. The heat exchanger described in Patent Document 1 includes a first cooling plate, a second cooling plate, a third cooling plate, and a top plate arranged on the first cooling plate at the top, which are laminated in order from the upper side. It has a bottom plate arranged under the second cooling plate at the bottom. A first flow path is formed between the third cooling plate and the first cooling plate. A second flow path is formed between the first cooling plate and the second cooling plate. A third flow path is formed between the second cooling plate and the third cooling plate. The plurality of first flow paths are communicated with each other in the stacking direction via the first communication passage. The plurality of second flow paths are communicated with each other in the stacking direction via the second communication passage. The plurality of third flow paths are communicated with each other in the stacking direction via the third communication passage. The top plate is provided with a plurality of entrance / exit pipes via the entrance / exit portion. The plurality of entrance / exit pipes communicate with the first communication passage, the second communication passage, and the third communication passage through the entrance / exit portion.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-151141

However, in the above-mentioned prior art, since the structure is such that the first cooling plate, the second cooling plate, and the third cooling plate are laminated in this order, the first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path through which the three media flow are used. It takes time to form the road. Further, in a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between three media as in the above-mentioned prior art, it is desired to further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the media flowing through the first flow path, the second flow path, and the third flow path. ing.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger and a reforming system capable of improving the heat exchange efficiency of a medium circulating through the three distribution sections while easily forming three distribution sections through which the medium circulates. Is.

The heat exchanger according to one aspect of the present invention is arranged in a cylindrical housing and in a spiral shape inside the housing, and forms a partition between a first distribution unit, a second distribution unit, and a third distribution unit. One partition wall, a first introduction section provided on one end side of the housing and introducing a medium into the first distribution section, and a medium provided on the other end side of the housing and circulated through the first distribution section are derived. A first lead-out unit, a second introduction unit provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing, and a second introduction unit for introducing a medium into the second distribution unit, and a second introduction unit provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing. 2 A second out-licensing unit for deriving the medium circulated through the distribution unit, a third introduction unit provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing, and a third introduction unit for introducing the medium into the third distribution unit, one end of the housing, and the other. It is provided on the other side of the other end and includes a third out-licensing part for leading out the medium circulated through the third distribution part, and the first distribution part, the second distribution part and the third distribution part are in the radial direction of the housing. They are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the first distribution portion, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the second distribution portion, and the outer peripheral side region and the inner circumference side region of the third distribution portion. The peripheral region communicates with the housing in the radial direction.

In such a heat exchanger, the first distribution unit, the second distribution unit, and the third distribution unit are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing. Therefore, the medium that circulates in the first distribution section, the medium that circulates in the second distribution section, and the medium that circulates in the third distribution section exchange heat. Further, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the first distribution portion, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the second distribution portion, and the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the third distribution portion are the diameters of the housing. Communicate in the direction. Therefore, the media circulating in the first distribution section, the second distribution section, and the third distribution section all flow smoothly in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the medium circulating in the first distribution section, the second distribution section, and the third distribution section is improved. Further, the three partition walls forming the first distribution section, the second distribution section and the third distribution section are arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing. Therefore, the partition wall can be formed by winding a flat plate-shaped member in a roll shape. As a result, the first distribution unit, the second distribution unit, and the third distribution unit can be easily formed.

The first introduction unit is a first introduction pipe that is attached to one end side of the housing and introduces the medium into the outermost peripheral region of the first distribution unit in the radial direction of the housing, and the first lead-out unit is the housing. It is a first outlet pipe that is attached to the other end side and leads the medium that has passed through the first distribution section from the outermost peripheral region of the first distribution section in the radial direction of the housing, and the second introduction section is one end of the housing. A second introduction pipe that is attached to one side of the other end and introduces the medium into the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution portion in the radial direction of the housing, and the second lead-out portion is one end and the other end of the housing. It is a second outlet pipe that is attached to the other side and leads the medium that has circulated through the second distribution section from the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution section in the radial direction of the housing. An introduction port formed at one end of the other end and introducing a medium into the third distribution unit in the axial direction of the housing, and the third outlet is one end of the housing and the other end of the other end. It may be an outlet which is formed in the unit and leads the medium that has circulated through the third distribution unit from the third distribution unit in the axial direction of the housing.

In such a configuration, the medium introduced from the first introduction pipe to the outermost peripheral region of the first distribution portion flows in the radial direction of the housing from the outer peripheral side region to the inner peripheral side region of the first distribution portion. , Flows in the axial direction of the housing toward the first lead-out pipe. The medium circulated through the first distribution section flows in the radial direction of the housing from the inner peripheral side region of the first distribution section toward the outer peripheral side region, and is led out from the outermost outer peripheral region of the first distribution section to the first outlet pipe. Will be done. The medium introduced from the second introduction pipe to the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution portion flows in the radial direction of the housing from the outer peripheral side region to the inner peripheral side region of the second distribution portion, and also flows into the second outlet pipe. It flows in the axial direction of the housing. The medium circulated through the second distribution section flows in the radial direction of the housing from the inner peripheral side region of the second distribution section toward the outer peripheral side region, and is led out from the outermost outer peripheral region of the second distribution section to the second outlet pipe. Will be done. The medium introduced into the third distribution section from the introduction port flows in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing toward the outlet. The medium distributed through the third distribution unit is derived from the outlet. Therefore, heat exchange of the medium flowing through the first distribution section, the second distribution section, and the third distribution section is efficiently performed.

An annular first introduction header that guides the medium introduced into the first distribution section in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided on one end side of the housing, and the first distribution section is provided on the other end side of the housing. An annular first derivation header that guides the medium derived from the housing in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided, and the medium introduced into the second distribution section is mounted on one end and the other end of the housing. An annular second introduction header is provided to guide the medium in the circumferential direction of the housing, and on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing, an annular first header that guides the medium derived from the second distribution unit in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided. Two lead-out headers are provided, the first lead-in pipe is attached to the first lead-in header, the first lead-out pipe is attached to the first lead-out header, and the second lead-in pipe is attached to the second lead-in pipe. It is attached to the header, the second lead-out pipe is attached to the second lead-out header, and the inside of the first introduction header and the first lead-out header communicates with the outermost outer peripheral region of the first distribution section. The inside of the second introduction header and the second derivation header may communicate with the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution section.

In such a configuration, the medium from the first introduction pipe flows all around the inside of the first introduction header and is introduced into the first distribution section. The medium that has circulated through the first distribution section flows all around the inside of the first out-licensing header and is led out to the first out-licensing pipe. The medium from the second introduction pipe flows all around the inside of the second introduction header and is introduced into the second distribution section. The medium that has circulated through the second distribution section flows all around the inside of the second out-licensing header and is led out to the second out-licensing pipe. Therefore, the medium smoothly flows through the first distribution section and the second distribution section in the entire radial direction of the housing.

On one end side of the housing, an annular first ring that guides the medium introduced into the first distribution section and the medium introduced into the second distribution section or the medium derived from the second distribution section in the circumferential direction of the housing. A header is provided, and on the other end side of the housing, a medium derived from the first distribution unit and a medium derived from the second distribution unit or a medium introduced into the second distribution unit are mounted on the housing. An annular second header that guides in the circumferential direction is provided, and the first introduction pipe and the second introduction pipe or the second lead-out pipe are attached to the first header, and the first lead-out pipe and the second lead-out pipe are attached. Alternatively, the second introduction pipe is attached to the second header, and inside the first header, the inside of the first distribution area and the inside of the second introduction pipe or the second outlet pipe communicating with the inside of the first introduction pipe. A first partition wall that separates the second distribution area that communicates with the inside is arranged, and inside the second header, a third distribution area that communicates with the inside of the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe or the second introduction pipe are introduced. A second partition wall that separates the inside of the pipe from the fourth distribution area is arranged, and the first distribution area and the third distribution area communicate with the outermost outermost area of the first distribution section, and the second The distribution area and the fourth distribution area may communicate with the outermost area of the second distribution section.

In such a configuration, the medium from the first introduction pipe flows through the first introduction region portion inside the first header and is introduced into the first distribution portion. The medium that has circulated through the first distribution section flows through the third out-licensing region inside the second header and is led out to the first out-licensing pipe. The medium from the second introduction pipe flows through the second introduction area inside the first header or the fourth introduction area inside the second header and is introduced into the second distribution section. The medium that has circulated through the second distribution section flows through the fourth introduction region inside the second header or the second lead-out region inside the first header, and is led out to the second lead-out pipe. The number of headers used in this way may be two, the first header and the second header. Therefore, the heat exchanger can be miniaturized in the axial direction of the housing.

The three partition walls may be joined so as to close the first distribution portion and the second distribution portion at both ends of the housing. With such a configuration, it is possible to form a closed structure of the first distribution portion and the second distribution portion inside the housing while facilitating the joining work such as welding at both ends of the housing.

The heat exchanger may further include a plurality of joints in which some regions of the three partition walls are joined to each other, and the joints may be provided with through holes penetrating in the radial direction of the housing. In such a configuration, a simple structure is used without using special parts, and the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the first circulation portion, the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the second circulation portion, and the first 3 The outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the distribution portion can be communicated with each other in the radial direction of the housing.

The partition wall may be provided with a plurality of protrusions protruding in the radial direction of the housing. In such a configuration, when the medium is distributed through the first distribution unit, the medium is scattered by the plurality of protrusions, so that the flow rate of the medium in the first distribution unit is equalized. When the medium is distributed through the second distribution unit, the medium is scattered by the plurality of protrusions, so that the flow rate of the medium in the second distribution unit is equalized. When the medium is distributed through the third distribution unit, the medium is scattered by the plurality of protrusions, so that the flow rate of the medium in the third distribution unit is equalized. Further, by providing a plurality of protrusions on the partition wall, the surface area of the partition wall is increased. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the medium circulating in the first distribution section, the second distribution section, and the third distribution section is further improved.

The reforming system according to another aspect of the present invention uses the heat generated by burning the fuel gas with the oxidizing gas to reform the fuel gas, and supplies the fuel gas to the reformer. It is provided with a fuel gas supply unit and an oxidizing gas supply unit that supplies an oxidizing gas to the reformer, and the reformer is arranged in a cylindrical housing and in a spiral shape inside the housing. On one end side of the housing and three partition walls that form a partition between the first distribution section where the fuel gas flows, the second distribution section where the fuel gas flows, and the third distribution section where the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas flow. A first introduction section that is provided and introduces fuel gas into the first distribution section, a first lead-out section that is provided on the other end side of the housing and leads out the gas that has flowed through the first distribution section, and one end of the housing. And a second introduction section provided on one side of the other end to introduce the fuel gas into the second flow section, and a gas provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing to derive the gas flowing through the second flow section. A second lead-out unit, a third introduction unit provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing, and a third introduction unit for introducing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas into the third distribution unit, and the other end and the other end of the housing. It is provided on the side and includes a third out-drawing unit that draws out the gas that has flowed through the third distribution part. The first distribution part is a heating part that heats the fuel gas, and the second distribution part is heated by the heating part. It is a reforming unit that reforms the produced fuel gas to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen, and the third distribution unit is a combustion unit that burns the fuel gas heated by the heating unit to generate combustion gas. The heating portion, the reforming portion, and the combustion portion are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing, and the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion and the outer peripheral side of the reforming portion are arranged. The region and the inner peripheral side region and the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the combustion portion communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing.

In such a reforming system, fuel gas is introduced into the heating section (first distribution section) of the reformer, and the heated fuel gas is derived from the heating section. Fuel gas is introduced into the reforming section (second distribution section) of the reformer, and the reforming gas is derived from the reforming section. Fuel gas and oxidizing gas are introduced into the combustion section (third distribution section) of the reformer, and the combustion gas is derived from the combustion section. Here, the heating unit, the reforming unit, and the combustion unit are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing. Therefore, heat is exchanged between the gas flowing through the heating section, the gas flowing through the reforming section, and the gas flowing through the combustion section. Further, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the reforming portion, and the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the combustion portion communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing. There is. Therefore, the gas flowing through the heating unit, the reforming unit, and the combustion unit all smoothly flows in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the gas flowing through the heating unit, the reforming unit, and the combustion unit is improved. Further, the three partition walls forming the heating portion, the reforming portion and the combustion portion are arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing. Therefore, the partition wall can be formed by winding a flat plate-shaped member in a roll shape. Thereby, the heating part, the reforming part and the combustion part can be easily formed.

The first introduction portion is a first introduction pipe that is attached to one end side of the housing and introduces fuel gas into the outermost peripheral region of the heating portion in the radial direction of the housing, and the first lead-out portion is other than the housing. It is a first lead-out pipe that is attached to the end side and leads out the fuel gas that has passed through the heating part from the outermost peripheral region of the heating part in the radial direction of the housing, and the second introduction part is one end and the other end of the housing. It is a second introduction pipe that is attached to one side and introduces the fuel gas that has passed through the heating part to the outermost peripheral region of the reforming part in the radial direction of the housing, and the second outlet part is one end and the other end of the housing. It is a second outlet pipe that is attached to the other side of the housing and leads the reforming gas that has passed through the reforming portion from the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion in the radial direction of the housing, and the third introduction portion is one end of the housing. It is an introduction port formed at one end of the other end and passing through the heating part to the combustion part, and introduces the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas in the axial direction of the housing. It may be an outlet which is formed at one end and the other end of the other end and leads out the combustion gas flowing through the combustion part from the combustion part in the axial direction of the housing.

In such a configuration, the fuel gas introduced from the first introduction pipe into the outermost peripheral region of the heating portion flows in the radial direction of the housing from the outer peripheral side region to the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion, and the first It flows in the axial direction of the housing toward the outlet pipe. The fuel gas flowing through the heating portion flows in the radial direction of the housing from the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion toward the outer peripheral side region, and is led out from the outermost outer peripheral region of the heating portion to the first outlet pipe. The fuel gas introduced from the second introduction pipe to the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion flows in the radial direction of the housing from the outer peripheral side region to the inner peripheral side region of the reforming portion and toward the second outlet pipe. Flows in the axial direction of the housing. The reformed gas that has flowed through the reformed portion flows in the radial direction of the housing from the inner peripheral side region of the reformed portion to the outer peripheral side region, and is led out from the outermost peripheral region of the reformed portion to the second outlet pipe. To. The fuel gas and the oxidizing gas introduced into the combustion portion from the introduction port flow in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing toward the outlet. The combustion gas that has passed through the combustion section is led out from the outlet. Therefore, heat exchange of the gas flowing through the heating unit, the reforming unit, and the combustion unit is efficiently performed.

The fuel gas supply unit has a vaporizer that vaporizes liquid fuel with a heating medium to generate fuel gas, and a circulation path that supplies the heating medium to the vaporizer. The reformer is a heating unit and a reforming unit. A heat exchange unit for reforming having a combustion unit and a heat exchange unit for vaporization that is integrated with the heat exchange unit for reforming so as to be arranged on one end side of the heat exchange unit for reforming and heats the heating medium. The heat exchange unit for vaporization is arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing, and is provided on the housing and two partition walls forming a partition between the combustion unit and the fourth distribution unit through which the heating medium flows. The combustion unit and the fourth distribution unit have a fourth introduction unit that introduces a heating medium into the fourth distribution unit and a fourth extraction unit that is provided in the housing and derives the heating medium from the fourth distribution unit. , The outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the fourth flow portion are communicated with each other in the radial direction of the housing, and the first introduction pipe is arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing. , The first lead-out pipe is attached to the other end side of the housing of the heat exchange part for reforming, and the second introduction pipe is attached to the other end side of the housing of the heat exchange part for reforming. The second outlet tube is attached to one end and the other end of the housing of the reforming heat exchange part, and the second outlet tube is attached to the other side of the housing of the reforming heat exchange part. The fourth introduction section is a third introduction tube that is attached to one end side of the housing of the heat exchange section for vaporization and introduces a heating medium into the outermost peripheral region of the fourth distribution section in the radial direction of the housing. The fourth outlet may be a third outlet tube that is attached to the other side of the housing of the heat exchange unit for vaporization and leads the heating medium from the outermost peripheral region of the fourth flow unit in the radial direction of the housing. ..

In such a configuration, in the reforming heat exchange section, the heat exchange of the medium flowing through the heating section, the reforming section, and the combustion section described above is performed. In the heat exchange section for vaporization, the combustion section and the fourth distribution section are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing. Therefore, heat is exchanged between the gas flowing through the combustion section and the heating medium flowing through the fourth distribution section. Further, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the fourth distribution portion communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing. Therefore, the heating medium flowing through the fourth distribution section smoothly flows in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the heating medium flowing through the fourth distribution unit is improved. Further, by integrating the reforming heat exchange unit and the vaporization heat exchange unit, a part of the reformer can be effectively used as a heat source of the vaporizer. Therefore, during the normal operation of the reformer, it is not necessary to heat the vaporizer with a heater or the like, so that power saving can be achieved.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the medium circulating through the three distribution sections while easily forming the three distribution sections through which the medium circulates.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the reforming system provided with the heat exchanger which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the appearance of the reformer which is the heat exchanger which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the reformer shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. It is an enlarged perspective view of the joint part of the partition wall shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the appearance of the reformer which is the heat exchanger which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the appearance of the modification of the reformer shown in FIG. 7. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the reforming system provided with the heat exchanger which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the appearance of the reformer which is the heat exchanger which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the reformer shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIV-XIV of FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the modification of the reformer shown in FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the other modification of the reformer shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the appearance of the modification of the reformer shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a reforming system including a heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the reforming system 1 includes an ammonia gas supply source 2, an air supply source 3, and a reformer 4 which is a heat exchanger of the present embodiment.

Ammonia gas source 2 generates ammonia gas (NH ₃ gas) as a fuel gas. The ammonia gas supply source 2 includes an ammonia tank 5 that stores ammonia in a liquid state, a vaporizer 6 that vaporizes the liquid ammonia (liquid fuel) stored in the ammonia tank 5, and generates ammonia gas, and this vaporizer. It has an electric heater 7 for heating 6. The liquid ammonia is vaporized by heating the vaporizer 6 by the electric heater 7. A flow rate adjusting valve 12 for adjusting the flow rate of the liquid ammonia supplied to the vaporizer 6 is arranged between the ammonia tank 5 and the vaporizer 6.

The air supply source 3 generates air, which is an oxidizing gas. As the air supply source 3, for example, a blower or the like is used.

The reformer 4 is a heat exchange type reformer that reforms ammonia gas by utilizing the heat generated by burning ammonia gas with air. The specific structure of the reformer 4 will be described in detail later. The reformer 4 has a heating unit 8, a reforming unit 9, and a combustion unit 10.

The heating unit 8 heats the ammonia gas generated by the vaporizer 6. The heating unit 8 is connected to the vaporizer 6 via an ammonia gas flow path 11. The ammonia gas flow path 11 is a flow path through which the ammonia gas vaporized by the vaporizer 6 flows.

The reforming unit 9 reforms the ammonia gas heated by the heating unit 8 to generate a hydrogen-containing reforming gas. The reforming unit 9 has a reforming catalyst 9a that decomposes ammonia gas into hydrogen. As the reforming catalyst 9a, for example, ruthenium (Ru) or rhodium (Rh) or the like is used. The reforming unit 9 is connected to the heating unit 8 via an ammonia gas flow path 13. The ammonia gas flow path 13 is a flow path through which the ammonia gas heated by the heating unit 8 flows. The ammonia gas flow path 13 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 55 that adjusts the flow rate of the ammonia gas supplied to the reforming unit 9.

The combustion unit 10 burns the ammonia gas heated by the heating unit 8 with air to generate a combustion gas. The combustion unit 10 has a combustion catalyst 10a that burns ammonia gas. As the combustion catalyst 10a, for example, platinum (Pt) or rhodium (Rh) or the like is used.

The combustion unit 10 is connected to the heating unit 8 via the ammonia gas flow path 14, and is also connected to the air supply source 3 via the air flow path 15. The ammonia gas flow path 14 is a flow path through which the ammonia gas heated by the heating unit 8 flows. The ammonia gas flow path 14 is connected to the ammonia gas flow path 13. The ammonia gas flow path 14 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 56 that adjusts the flow rate of the ammonia gas supplied to the combustion unit 10. The air flow path 15 is a flow path through which air from the air supply source 3 flows. The air flow path 15 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 16 that adjusts the flow rate of the air supplied to the combustion unit 10.

The ammonia gas supply source 2 and the ammonia gas flow path 11 constitute an ammonia gas supply unit 17 (fuel gas supply unit) that supplies ammonia gas to the reformer 4. The air supply source 3, the air flow path 15, and the flow rate adjusting valve 16 constitute an air supply unit 18 (oxidizing gas supply unit) that supplies air to the reformer 4.

A hydrogen utilization device 20 is connected to the reforming section 9 of the reformer 4 via a reforming gas flow path 19. The reformed gas flow path 19 is a flow path through which the reformed gas generated by the reforming unit 9 flows. The hydrogen utilization device 20 is an apparatus that utilizes hydrogen contained in the reforming gas. Examples of the hydrogen utilization device 20 include a combustion device such as an ammonia engine or an ammonia gas turbine using ammonia as fuel, a fuel cell that generates power by chemically reacting hydrogen with oxygen in the air, and the like.

A combustion gas flow path 21 is connected to the combustion unit 10 of the reformer 4. The combustion gas flow path 21 is a flow path through which the combustion gas generated by the combustion unit 10 flows.

In such a reforming system 1, ammonia gas from the ammonia gas supply unit 17 is supplied to the heating unit 8 of the reformer 4. Ammonia gas from the heating unit 8 is supplied to the reforming unit 9 of the reformer 4 through the flow rate adjusting valve 55. Ammonia gas from the heating unit 8 is supplied to the combustion unit 10 of the reformer 4 through the flow rate adjusting valve 56, and air from the air supply unit 18 is supplied through the flow rate adjusting valve 16.

The ammonia gas supplied to the heating unit 8 is heated by heat exchange with the gas flowing through the combustion unit 10. When the reformer 4 is started, the ammonia gas vaporized by the vaporizer 6 may be heated by an electric heater or the like (not shown) in order to quickly heat the ammonia gas.

When the ammonia gas and air warmed by the heating unit 8 are supplied to the combustion unit 10, the ammonia gas is burned by the combustion catalyst 10a. Specifically, as shown in the following formula, a part of ammonia and oxygen in the air chemically react with each other, and combustion heat is generated by the oxidation reaction of ammonia (exothermic reaction). By such an exothermic reaction, a combustion gas containing nitrogen and water vapor (moisture) is generated. The combustion gas flows through the combustion gas flow path 21 and is released into the atmosphere.
NH ₃ + 3/4O ₂ → 1 / 2N ₂ + 3 / 2H ₂ O

When the ammonia gas warmed by the heating unit 8 is supplied to the reforming unit 9, the ammonia gas is reformed by the reforming catalyst 9a and decomposed into hydrogen and nitrogen. Specifically, as shown in the following formula, the decomposition reaction of ammonia occurs by heat exchange between the ammonia gas and the high-temperature gas flowing through the combustion unit 10 (endothermic reaction), and a reformed gas in a hydrogen-rich state is generated. To. The reformed gas flows through the reformed gas flow path 19 and is supplied to the hydrogen utilization device 20.
NH ₃ → 3 / 2H ₂ + 1 / 2N ₂

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the reformer, which is the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the reformer shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG.

In FIGS. 2 to 5, the reformer 4 is provided on the cylindrical housing 25, the first introduction pipe 26 provided on one end side of the housing 25, and the other end side of the housing 25. The first lead-out pipe 27, the second introduction pipe 28 provided on the other end side (first lead-out pipe 27 side) of the housing 25, and one end side (first introduction pipe 26 side) of the housing 25. It also includes a second lead-out pipe 29.

The housing 25 includes a tubular portion 31, a tubular portion 32 arranged on one end side of the tubular portion 31, a tubular portion 33 arranged on the other end side of the tubular portion 31, and a tubular portion. The second lead-out header 34 arranged between 31 and 32, the second introduction header 35 arranged between the tubular portions 31 and 33, and the second lead-out header 34 arranged on the opposite side of the tubular portion 32 with respect to the tubular portion 32. It has a first introduction header 36, and a first derivation header 37 arranged on the opposite side of the second introduction header 35 with respect to the tubular portion 33. That is, the housing 25 has a first introduction header 36, a tubular portion 32, a second lead-out header 34, a tubular portion 31, a second introduction header 35, a tubular portion 33, and a second from one end side to the other end side. 1 Derived headers 37 are arranged in this order.

The first introduction header 36 is arranged at one end of the housing 25. The first derived header 37 is arranged at the other end of the housing 25. The first introduction header 36 is fixed to the tubular portion 32. The first derived header 37 is fixed to the tubular portion 33. The second introduction header 35 is fixed to the tubular portions 31 and 33. The second derived header 34 is fixed to the tubular portions 31 and 32. The inner peripheral surfaces of the tubular portions 31 to 33 are in agreement.

Inside the housing 25, a partition wall 40 and three partition walls 41 to 43 are arranged. The partition wall 40 has a cylindrical shape and is arranged so as to come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the housing 25. The partition walls 41 to 43 are arranged in a spiral shape when viewed from the axial direction of the housing 25. The partition walls 40 to 43 partition the heating section 8, the modification section 9, and the combustion section 10.

The space between the partition wall 41 and the partition wall 42 forms the heating portion 8. The heating unit 8 is a first distribution unit through which the first medium is distributed. The first medium is ammonia gas. The space between the partition wall 42 and the partition wall 43 forms the reforming portion 9. The reforming unit 9 is a second distribution unit through which the second medium is distributed. The second medium is ammonia gas. The space between the partition wall 41 and the partition walls 40 and 43 forms the combustion portion 10. The combustion unit 10 is a third distribution unit through which the third medium is distributed. The third medium is ammonia gas and air.

The space between the partition wall 40 and the partition wall 41 forms the outermost peripheral region of the combustion portion 10. The heating unit 8, the modifying unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 are arranged in order so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing 25 from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side (center side) of the housing 25. .. The partition walls 40 to 43 are made of a metal material (for example, stainless steel) having corrosion resistance to ammonia gas.

The reforming catalyst 9a described above is provided in the region of the partition walls 42 and 43 corresponding to the reforming portion 9. The reforming catalyst 9a may be filled in a pellet shape in the space between the partition walls 42 and 43, may be coated on the surface of the partition walls 42 and 43, or the partition walls 42 and 43 themselves may be coated. It may have a foil catalyst structure. The above-mentioned combustion catalyst 10a is provided in the region of the partition walls 40, 41, 43 corresponding to the combustion portion 10. The combustion catalyst 10a may be a filling, coating or foil catalyst as in the reforming catalyst 9a.

The partition wall 40 is joined to the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portions 31 to 33. The partition walls 41 to 43 are formed by winding a flat plate-shaped member in a roll shape. As a result, the heating unit 8, the modifying unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 can be easily formed inside the housing 25. At this time, the radial outer end of the partition wall 43 is joined to the partition wall 40. The radial outer ends of the partition walls 41 and 42 are joined to the partition walls 43. The radial inner ends of the partition walls 41 to 43 are joined at the radial center of the housing 25.

Further, spiral lid wall portions 44 that close the openings of the heating portion 8 and the modifying portion 9 are arranged at both ends of the housing 25, respectively. The lid wall portion 44 is joined to both ends in the axial direction of the partition walls 41 to 43. Therefore, the heating unit 8 and the modifying unit 9 have a structure that is closed in the axial direction of the housing 25. The joining of the lid wall portion 44 and the partition walls 41 to 43 is performed by, for example, welding or a brazing material. As a result, the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 do not communicate with each other, so that the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the gas flowing through the reforming unit 9, and the gas flowing through the combustion unit 10 are mixed. There is no such thing.

The partition walls 41 to 43 are provided with a plurality of joint portions 45, a plurality of joint portions 46, and a plurality of joint portions 47. The joint portions 45 to 47 have a structure in which a part of the partition walls 41 to 43 adjacent to each other in the radial direction of the housing 25 is joined to each other. Part of the partition walls 41 to 43 are joined by welding or brazing material, for example.

As shown in FIG. 6, the joint portion 45 is one of the partition walls 41 to 43 in a state where a part of the partition walls 41 and 42 is bent with respect to the partition wall 43 so as to sandwich the partition wall 43. The parts are joined together. The joint portion 45 is provided with a through hole 45a that penetrates the partition walls 41 to 43 in the radial direction of the housing 25. As a result, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion 8 communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing 25.

In the joint portion 46, a part of the partition walls 41 to 43 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition walls 42 and 43 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41 so as to sandwich the partition wall 41. The joint portion 46 is provided with a through hole 46a that penetrates the partition walls 41 to 43 in the radial direction of the housing 25. As a result, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the reforming portion 9 communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing 25.

In the joint portion 47, a part of the partition walls 41 to 43 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition walls 41 and 43 is bent with respect to the partition wall 42 so as to sandwich the partition wall 42. The joint portion 47 is provided with a through hole 47a that penetrates the partition walls 41 to 43 in the radial direction of the housing 25. As a result, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the combustion portion 10 communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing 25.

The first introduction pipe 26 is attached to the first introduction header 36. The first introduction pipe 26 introduces ammonia gas into the outermost peripheral region of the heating portion 8 in the radial direction of the housing 25. The first introduction pipe 26 is provided on one end side of the housing 25 and constitutes a first introduction portion for introducing ammonia gas into the heating portion 8. The ammonia gas here is the first medium. The first introduction pipe 26 is connected to the above-mentioned ammonia gas flow path 11 (see FIG. 1).

The first lead-out pipe 27 is attached to the first lead-out header 37. The first lead-out pipe 27 is arranged on the same side as the first introduction pipe 26 with respect to the central axis of the housing 25. The first outlet pipe 27 derives ammonia gas from the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8 in the radial direction of the housing 25. The first lead-out pipe 27 is provided on the other end side of the housing 25, and constitutes a first lead-out section for leading out the ammonia gas flowing through the heating section 8. The ammonia gas here is the first related medium related to the first medium, and is the ammonia gas heated in the heating unit 8. The first related medium is a medium produced by the first medium itself or a chemical reaction of the first medium. The first outlet pipe 27 is connected to one end of the ammonia gas flow path 13 (see FIG. 1).

The second introduction pipe 28 is attached to the second introduction header 35. The second introduction pipe 28 is arranged on the same side as the first introduction pipe 26 with respect to the central axis of the housing 25. The second introduction pipe 28 introduces ammonia gas into the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion 9 in the radial direction of the housing 25. The second introduction pipe 28 is provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing 25, and constitutes a second introduction portion for introducing ammonia gas into the reforming portion 9. Ammonia gas here is a second medium. The second introduction pipe 28 is connected to the other end of the ammonia gas flow path 13 (see FIG. 1).

The second lead-out pipe 29 is attached to the second lead-out header 34. The second lead-out pipe 29 is arranged on the same side as the second introduction pipe 28 with respect to the central axis of the housing 25. The second lead-out pipe 29 leads out the reforming gas in the radial direction of the housing 25 from the outermost peripheral region of the reforming section 9. The second lead-out pipe 29 is provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing 25, and constitutes a second lead-out section for leading out the reformed gas that has passed through the reformer section 9. The reforming gas is a second related medium related to the second medium, and is obtained by reforming the ammonia gas in the reforming unit 9. The second related medium is a medium produced by the second medium itself or a chemical reaction of the second medium. The second lead-out pipe 29 is connected to the reformed gas flow path 19 (see FIG. 1).

At the end of the housing 25 on the side of the first lead-out header 37, an introduction port 48 for introducing ammonia gas and air into the combustion unit 10 in the axial direction of the housing 25 is formed. The introduction port 48 communicates with the combustion unit 10 on each circumference. The introduction port 48 is provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing 25, and constitutes a third introduction portion for introducing ammonia gas and air into the combustion portion 10. Ammonia gas and air are the third medium. The introduction port 48 is connected to the ammonia gas flow path 14 and the air flow path 15 (see FIG. 1) via a pipe (not shown).

At the end of the housing 25 on the side of the first introduction header 36, an outlet 49 for leading out the combustion gas from the combustion unit 10 in the axial direction of the housing 25 is formed. The outlet 49 communicates with the combustion unit 10 on each circumference. The outlet 49 is provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing 25, and constitutes a third outlet unit that derives the combustion gas that has flowed through the combustion unit 10. The combustion gas is a third related medium related to the third medium, and is obtained by burning ammonia gas in the combustion unit 10. The third related medium is a medium produced by the third medium itself or a chemical reaction of the third medium. The outlet 49 is connected to the combustion gas flow path 21 (see FIG. 1) via a pipe (not shown).

The first introduction header 36 is an annular member that guides the ammonia gas introduced into the heating unit 8 in the circumferential direction of the housing 25. The first lead-out header 37 is an annular member that guides the ammonia gas led out from the heating unit 8 in the circumferential direction of the housing 25. The insides of the first introduction header 36 and the first lead-out header 37 communicate with the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8.

Specifically, a plurality of joints 51 are provided at positions corresponding to the first introduction header 36 and the first lead-out header 37 on the partition walls 40 and 41. In the joint portion 51, a part of the partition walls 40 and 41 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition wall 40 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41. The joint portion 51 is provided with a through hole 51a that penetrates the partition walls 40 and 41 in the radial direction of the housing 25.

The second introduction header 35 is an annular member that guides the ammonia gas introduced into the reforming portion 9 in the circumferential direction of the housing 25. The second lead-out header 34 is an annular member that guides the reformer gas led out from the reformer 9 in the circumferential direction of the housing 25. The insides of the second introduction header 35 and the second lead-out header 34 communicate with the outermost peripheral region of the reforming section 9.

Specifically, a plurality of joints 52 are provided at positions corresponding to the second introduction header 35 and the second lead-out header 34 on the partition walls 40 to 42. In the joint portion 52, a part of the partition walls 40 to 42 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition walls 40 and 42 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41 so as to sandwich the partition wall 41. The joint portion 52 is provided with a through hole 52a that penetrates the partition walls 40 to 42 in the radial direction of the housing 25.

In the reformer 4 as described above, the ammonia gas introduced from the first introduction pipe 26 through the inside of the first introduction header 36 to the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8 passes through the plurality of through holes 51a and 45a. It flows toward the inner peripheral side of the housing 25 and flows through the heating unit 8 toward the first lead-out header 37 side.

Ammonia gas introduced from the second introduction pipe 28 through the inside of the second introduction header 35 to the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion 9 passes through the plurality of through holes 52a and 46a to the inner peripheral side of the housing 25. Along with flowing toward, the reforming section 9 flows toward the second lead-out header 34 side. The ammonia gas flowing through the reforming section 9 flows on the opposite side of the housing 25 in the axial direction from the ammonia gas flowing through the heating section 8.

Ammonia gas and air introduced from the introduction port 48 of the housing 25 into the combustion section 10 on each circumference flow through the combustion section 10 toward the outlet port 49 and pass through the plurality of through holes 47a to make the diameter of the housing 25. Flow in the direction. Ammonia gas and air flowing through the combustion unit 10 flow on the same side in the axial direction of the housing 25 as the ammonia gas flowing in the reforming unit 9, and are opposite to the ammonia gas flowing in the heating unit 8 in the axial direction of the housing 25. Flow to the side.

At this time, heat exchange is performed between the heating unit 8 and the combustion unit 10, so that the ammonia gas flowing through the heating unit 8 is warmed. Then, the warmed ammonia gas flows through the heating unit 8 toward the first lead-out header 37 side, and also flows toward the outer peripheral side of the housing 25 through the plurality of through holes 45a and 51a, and the warmed ammonia gas flows through the heating unit 8 toward the outer peripheral side of the housing 25. It is led out from the outermost peripheral region to the first lead-out pipe 27 through the inside of the first lead-out header 37. Then, the warmed ammonia gas is supplied to the reforming unit 9 and the combustion unit 10.

When ammonia gas and air warmed above the combustible temperature are introduced into the combustion unit 10, combustion of the ammonia gas is started by the combustion catalyst 10a, combustion gas is generated, and the temperature of the combustion unit 10 rises. Then, the high-temperature combustion heat generated in the combustion unit 10 is transmitted to the reforming unit 9, and the combustion heat raises the temperature of the reforming unit 9. That is, heat exchange is performed between the combustion unit 10 and the reforming unit 9. Then, when the temperature of the ammonia gas flowing through the reforming section 9 becomes equal to or higher than the reforming start temperature, the reforming catalyst 9a starts reforming the ammonia gas to generate the reformed gas.

The reformed gas flows through the reformed portion 9 toward the second lead-out header 34 side, and also flows toward the outer peripheral side of the housing 25 through the plurality of through holes 46a and 52a, and flows toward the outer peripheral side of the housing 25, and is the outermost periphery of the reformed portion 9. It is led out from the region to the second lead-out pipe 29 through the inside of the second lead-out header 34. The combustion gas flows through the combustion unit 10 toward the outlet 49 side, and also flows in the radial direction of the housing 25 through the plurality of through holes 47a, and is led out from the outlet 49.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ammonia gas is introduced into the heating unit 8 of the reformer 4, and the heated ammonia gas is derived from the heating unit 8. Ammonia gas is introduced into the reforming section 9 of the reformer 4, and the reforming gas is led out from the reforming section 9. Ammonia gas and air are introduced into the combustion unit 10 of the reformer 4, and the combustion gas is led out from the combustion unit 10. Here, the heating unit 8, the modifying unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing 25. Therefore, the gas flowing through the heating unit 8 (ammonia gas), the gas flowing through the reforming unit 9 (ammonia gas and reforming gas), and the gas flowing through the combustion unit 10 (ammonia gas, air and combustion gas) are separated. Heat is exchanged. Further, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion 8, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the reforming portion 9, and the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the combustion portion 10 are in the radial direction of the housing 25. It communicates with. Therefore, the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 all smoothly flows in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing 25. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 is improved. Further, the three partition walls 41 to 43 that partition the heating portion 8, the reforming portion 9, and the combustion portion 10 are arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing 25. Therefore, the partition walls 41 to 43 can be formed by winding a flat plate-shaped member in a roll shape. As a result, the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 can be easily formed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the ammonia gas introduced from the first introduction pipe 26 into the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8 is in the radial direction of the housing 25 from the outer peripheral side region to the inner peripheral side region of the heating portion 8. Along with the flow, it flows in the axial direction of the housing 25 toward the first outlet pipe 27. Ammonia gas flowing through the heating unit 8 flows in the radial direction of the housing 25 from the inner peripheral side region of the heating unit 8 toward the outer peripheral side region, and is led out from the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8 to the first outlet pipe 27. Will be done. Ammonia gas introduced from the second introduction pipe 28 into the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion 9 flows in the radial direction of the housing 25 from the outer peripheral side region to the inner peripheral side region of the reforming portion 9, and the second It flows in the axial direction of the housing 25 toward the lead-out pipe 29. The reforming gas flowing through the reforming section 9 flows in the radial direction of the housing 25 from the inner peripheral side region of the reforming section 9 toward the outer peripheral side region, and is secondly derived from the outermost peripheral region of the reforming section 9. It is led out to the pipe 29. Ammonia gas and air introduced into the combustion unit 10 from the introduction port 48 flow in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing 25 toward the outlet port 49. The combustion gas that has passed through the combustion unit 10 is led out from the outlet 49. Therefore, heat exchange of the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 is efficiently performed.

Further, in the present embodiment, the ammonia gas from the first introduction pipe 26 flows through the inside of the first introduction header 36 over the entire circumference and is introduced into the heating unit 8. The ammonia gas flowing through the heating unit 8 flows through the inside of the first lead-out header 37 over the entire circumference and is led out to the first lead-out pipe 27. Ammonia gas from the second introduction pipe 28 flows through the inside of the second introduction header 35 over the entire circumference and is introduced into the reforming section 9. The reformed gas that has passed through the reforming unit 9 flows through the inside of the second lead-out header 34 over the entire circumference and is led out to the second lead-out pipe 29. Therefore, the ammonia gas smoothly flows through the heating portion 8 in the entire radial direction of the housing 25. Ammonia gas and reformed gas flow smoothly through the reformed portion 9 in the entire radial direction of the housing 25.

Further, in the present embodiment, the reformer 4 includes joint portions 45 to 47 in which some regions of the partition walls 41 to 43 are joined to each other, and the joint portions 45 to 47 are formed in the radial direction of the housing 25. Through-through holes 45a to 47a are provided, respectively. Therefore, even if no special parts are used, the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the heating portion 8, the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the reforming portion 9, and the outer peripheral side of the combustion portion 10 can be constructed with a simple structure. The region and the inner peripheral region can be communicated with each other in the radial direction of the housing 25.

Further, in the present embodiment, the first introduction pipe 26, the first lead-out pipe 27, the second introduction pipe 28, and the second lead-out pipe 29 are arranged on the same side with respect to the central axis of the housing 25. Therefore, the physique of the reformer 4 can be miniaturized in the radial direction of the housing 25.

The ammonia gas flowing through the heating unit 8 flows to the same axial direction as the ammonia gas flowing through the reforming unit 9, and the ammonia gas and air flowing through the combustion unit 10 have the same axial direction as the housing 25. It may flow to the side. The ammonia gas flowing through the reforming section 9 may flow on the opposite side of the housing 25 in the axial direction from the ammonia gas flowing through the combustion section 10 and the air.

Further, the first introduction pipe 26 and the first lead-out pipe 27 and the second introduction pipe 28 and the second lead-out pipe 29 may be arranged on opposite sides with respect to the central axis of the housing 25. The first introduction pipe 26 and the first lead-out pipe 27 may be arranged on opposite sides with respect to the central axis of the housing 25. The second introduction pipe 28 and the second lead-out pipe 29 may be arranged on opposite sides with respect to the central axis of the housing 25.

Further, the number of the first introduction pipe 26, the first lead-out pipe 27, the second introduction pipe 28, and the second lead-out pipe 29 may be plural.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the reformer, which is the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. In FIGS. 7 to 9, the reformer 4A, which is the heat exchanger of the present embodiment, has a cylindrical housing 61, the first introduction pipe 26, the first outlet pipe 27, and the above. The second introduction pipe 28 and the above-mentioned second lead-out pipe 29 are provided.

The housing 61 has a tubular portion 62, a first header 63 arranged on one end side of the tubular portion 62, and a second header 64 arranged on the other end side of the tubular portion 62. There is. That is, the housing 61 is arranged in the order of the first header 63, the tubular portion 62, and the second header 64 from one end side to the other end side. Similar to the first embodiment, the partition walls 40 to 43 that partition the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 are arranged inside the housing 61. The introduction port 48 is formed at the end of the housing 61 on the second header 64 side. The above-mentioned outlet 49 is formed at the end of the housing 61 on the first header 63 side.

The first introduction pipe 26 and the second lead-out pipe 29 are attached to the first header 63. The first lead-out pipe 27 and the second introduction pipe 28 are attached to the second header 64. The first introduction pipe 26 and the first lead-out pipe 27 are arranged on the same side with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. The second introduction pipe 28 and the second lead-out pipe 29 are arranged on the same side with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. The second introduction pipe 28 and the second lead-out pipe 29 are arranged on opposite sides of the first introduction pipe 26 and the first lead-out pipe 27 with respect to the central axis of the housing 61.

The first header 63 is an annular member that guides the ammonia gas introduced into the heating unit 8 and the reformed gas derived from the reforming unit 9 in the circumferential direction of the housing 61. Inside the first header 63, two first partition walls 67 partitioning a first distribution area 65 communicating with the inside of the first introduction pipe 26 and a second distribution area 66 communicating with the inside of the second outlet pipe 29. Is placed.

The first distribution area 65 is arranged on the side of the first introduction pipe 26 inside the first header 63. The second distribution area 66 is arranged on the second lead-out pipe 29 side inside the first header 63.

The first distribution region 65 communicates with the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8. Specifically, a plurality of joints 68 are provided at positions of the partition walls 40 and 41 corresponding to the first introduction pipe 26 side of the first header 63. In the joint portion 68, a part of the partition walls 40 and 41 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition wall 40 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41. The joint portion 68 is provided with a through hole 68a that penetrates the partition walls 40 and 41 in the radial direction of the housing 61.

The second distribution region 66 communicates with the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion 9. Specifically, a plurality of joints 69 are provided at positions corresponding to the second lead-out pipe 29 side of the first header 63 on the partition walls 40 to 42. In the joint portion 69, a part of the partition walls 40 to 42 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition walls 40 and 42 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41 so as to sandwich the partition wall 41. The joint portion 69 is provided with a through hole 69a that penetrates the partition walls 40 to 42 in the radial direction of the housing 61.

The first partition wall 67 is fixed to the first header 63 and the partition wall 40 so that the volumes of the first distribution area 65 and the second distribution area 66 are equal. Therefore, both the ammonia gas introduced from the first introduction pipe 26 and the reformed gas led out to the second outlet pipe 29 flow only half a circumference inside the first header 63.

The second header 64 is an annular member that guides the ammonia gas led out from the heating unit 8 and the ammonia gas introduced into the reforming unit 9 in the circumferential direction of the housing 61. Inside the second header 64, two second partition walls 72 partitioning a third distribution area 70 communicating with the inside of the first outlet pipe 27 and a fourth distribution area 71 communicating with the inside of the second introduction pipe 28. Is placed.

The third distribution area 70 is arranged on the side of the first lead-out pipe 27 inside the second header 64. The fourth distribution area 71 is arranged on the second introduction pipe 28 side inside the second header 64.

The third distribution region 70 communicates with the outermost peripheral region of the heating unit 8. Specifically, a plurality of joints 73 are provided at positions corresponding to the first lead-out pipe 27 side of the second header 64 on the partition walls 40 and 41. In the joint portion 73, a part of the partition walls 40 and 41 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition wall 40 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41. The joint portion 73 is provided with a through hole 73a that penetrates the partition walls 40 and 41 in the radial direction of the housing 61.

The fourth distribution area 71 communicates with the outermost peripheral area of the reforming section 9. Specifically, a plurality of joints 74 are provided at positions corresponding to the second introduction pipe 28 side of the second header 64 on the partition walls 40 to 42. In the joint portion 74, a part of the partition walls 40 to 42 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition walls 40 and 42 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41 so as to sandwich the partition wall 41. The joint portion 74 is provided with a through hole 74a that penetrates the partition walls 40 to 42 in the radial direction of the housing 61.

The second partition wall 72 is fixed to the second header 64 and the partition wall 40 so that the volumes of the third distribution area 70 and the fourth distribution area 71 are equal. Therefore, both the ammonia gas led out to the first outlet pipe 27 and the ammonia gas introduced from the second introduction pipe 28 flow only half a circumference inside the second header 64.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the ammonia gas from the first introduction pipe 26 flows through the first distribution region 65 inside the first header 63 and is introduced into the heating unit 8. The ammonia gas that has passed through the heating unit 8 flows through the third distribution region 70 inside the second header 64 and is led out to the first outlet pipe 27. Ammonia gas from the second introduction pipe 28 flows through the fourth distribution region 71 inside the second header 64 and is introduced into the reforming unit 9. The reformed gas that has flowed through the reforming unit 9 flows through the second distribution region 66 inside the first header 63 and is led out to the second outlet pipe 29. The number of headers used in this way may be two, that is, the first header 63 and the second header 64. Therefore, the reformer 4A can be miniaturized in the axial direction of the housing 61.

In the present embodiment, the ammonia gas flowing through the reforming section 9 flows on the opposite side of the housing 25 in the axial direction from the ammonia gas flowing through the heating section 8, but the embodiment is not particularly limited. The ammonia gas flowing through the reforming section 9 may flow to the same side in the axial direction of the housing 25 as the ammonia gas flowing through the heating section 8. In this case, the ammonia gas from the second introduction pipe 28 flows through the second distribution region 66 inside the first header 63 and is introduced into the reforming unit 9. The reformed gas that has flowed through the reforming unit 9 flows through the fourth distribution region 71 inside the second header 64 and is led out to the second outlet pipe 29.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a modified example of the reformer 4A shown in FIG. 7. In FIG. 10, in the reformer 4A of the present modification, the first lead-out pipe 27 is arranged on the opposite side of the first introduction pipe 26 with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. The second lead-out pipe 29 is arranged on the opposite side of the second introduction pipe 28 with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. That is, the first introduction pipe 26 and the second introduction pipe 28 are arranged on the same side with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. The first lead-out pipe 27 and the second lead-out pipe 29 are arranged on the same side with respect to the central axis of the housing 61.

In such a modified example, the first introduction pipe 26 and the first lead-out pipe 27 are arranged in a cross shape with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. Therefore, the flow of gas flowing through the heating unit 8 is disturbed. Further, the second introduction pipe 28 and the second lead-out pipe 29 are arranged in a cross shape with respect to the central axis of the housing 61. Therefore, the flow of gas flowing through the reforming unit 9 is disturbed. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 is further improved.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a reforming system including a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11, the reforming system 1B includes a reformer 4B, which is a heat exchanger of the present embodiment, in place of the reformer 4 of the first embodiment described above.

The reformer 4B has a heat source unit 80 in addition to the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 described above. The heat source unit 80 is connected to the vaporizer 6 via circulation paths 81 and 82. The circulation paths 81 and 82 are paths for supplying hot water to the vaporizer 6 by circulating hot water as a heating medium in cooperation with the heat source unit 80. A pump 83 for circulating hot water is provided in the circulation path 82. The heat source unit 80 generates hot water from the combustion heat generated by the combustion unit 10.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the reformer, which is the heat exchanger according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the reformer shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV of FIG.

In FIGS. 12 to 14, the reformer 4B has a reforming heat exchange unit 85, a vaporization heat exchange unit 86 arranged on one end side of the reforming heat exchange unit 85, and a reforming heat exchange unit. It has a cylindrical connecting portion 87 arranged between the portion 85 and the vaporization heat exchange portion 86. The reforming heat exchange section 85 and the vaporization heat exchange section 86 are integrated via the connecting section 87.

The reforming heat exchange unit 85 is the same as the reformer 4 in the first embodiment described above, that is, the cylindrical housing 25, the first introduction pipe 26, the first outlet pipe 27, the second introduction pipe 28, and the second. 2 The lead-out pipe 29 is provided. Inside the housing 25, partition walls 40 to 43 that partition the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 are arranged.

In the connecting portion 87, the end portion of the partition wall 42 is joined to the partition wall 43. Therefore, the modified portion 9 is closed at the connecting portion 87. Further, a spiral partition wall 89 that closes the heating portion 8 is arranged at the boundary portion of the connecting portion 87 with the heat exchange portion 86 for vaporization. The partition wall 89 is arranged so as to connect the partition wall 41 and the partition wall 43.

The vaporization heat exchange unit 86 is arranged on the first introduction pipe 26 side of the reforming heat exchange unit 85 with the connecting portion 87 interposed therebetween. The vaporization heat exchange unit 86 heats hot water which is a heating medium. The vaporization heat exchange unit 86 has a cylindrical housing 90, a third introduction pipe 91, and a third outlet pipe 92. The housing 90 constitutes the housing 93 of the reformer 4B as a whole in cooperation with the housing 25 and the connecting portion 87 of the reforming heat exchange unit 85.

The housing 90 is arranged on the opposite side of the tubular portion 94, the third introduction header 95 arranged on the connecting portion 87 side of the tubular portion 94, and the third introduction header 95. It has a third derived header 96 that has been created. That is, the housing 90 is arranged in the order of the third introduction header 95, the tubular portion 94, and the third lead-out header 96 from the connecting portion 87 side. The third introduction header 95 is fixed to the connecting portion 87 and the tubular portion 94. The third derived header 96 is fixed to the tubular portion 94. The inner surface of the tubular portion 94 coincides with the inner surfaces of the tubular portions 31 to 33 and the connecting portion 87.

The introduction port 48 is formed at the end of the housing 93 on the side of the first lead-out header 37. The lead-out port 49 is formed at the end of the housing 93 on the third lead-out header 96 side.

A partition wall 40 and two partition walls 41 and 43 are arranged inside the housing 90. These partition walls 40, 41, 43 partition the combustion unit 10 and the heat source unit 80. The heat source unit 80 is a fourth distribution unit through which hot water, which is a heating medium, flows. The partition wall 89 partitions the heating unit 8 and the heat source unit 80.

The combustion unit 10 and the heat source unit 80 are alternately arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing 90 from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side (center side) of the housing 90. At the end of the housing 90 on the side of the third lead-out header 96, a spiral lid wall portion 97 that closes the opening of the heat source portion 80 is arranged. The lid wall portion 97 is joined to one end of the partition walls 41 and 43 in the axial direction. Therefore, the heat source unit 80 has a structure that is closed in the axial direction of the housing 90. As a result, the combustion unit 10 and the heat source unit 80 do not communicate with each other, so that the gas flowing through the combustion unit 10 and the hot water flowing through the heat source unit 80 do not mix with each other.

The outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the heat source portion 80 communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing 90. Specifically, the partition walls 41 and 43 are provided with a plurality of joints 98. In the joint portion 98, a part of the partition walls 41 and 43 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition wall 43 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41. The joint portion 98 is provided with a through hole 98a that penetrates the partition walls 41 and 43 in the radial direction of the housing 90.

The third introduction pipe 91 is attached to the third introduction header 95. The third introduction pipe 91 is arranged on the same side as the first introduction pipe 26 and the like with respect to the central axis of the housing 90. The third introduction pipe 91 introduces hot water into the outermost peripheral region of the heat source portion 80 in the radial direction of the housing 90. The third introduction pipe 91 is provided on one end side of the heat exchange section 86 for vaporization, and constitutes a fourth introduction section for introducing hot water into the heat source section 80. The third introduction pipe 91 is connected to the circulation path 81 described above.

The third lead-out pipe 92 is attached to the third lead-out header 96. The third lead-out pipe 92 is arranged on the same side as the third introduction pipe 91 with respect to the central axis of the housing 90. The third outlet pipe 92 derives hot water from the outermost peripheral region of the heat source portion 80 in the radial direction of the housing 90. The third lead-out pipe 92 is provided on the other end side of the vaporization heat exchange section 86, and constitutes a fourth lead-out section for leading out hot water from the heat source section 80. The third lead-out pipe 92 is connected to the circulation path 82 described above.

The third introduction header 95 and the third lead-out header 96 are annular members that guide hot water in the circumferential direction of the housing 90. The inside of the third introduction header 95 and the third lead-out header 96 communicates with the outermost peripheral region of the heat source portion 80.

Specifically, the partition walls 40 and 41 are provided with a plurality of joints 99. In the joint portion 99, a part of the partition walls 40 and 41 is joined to each other in a state where a part of the partition wall 40 is bent with respect to the partition wall 41. The joint portion 99 is provided with a through hole 99a that penetrates the partition walls 40 and 41 in the radial direction of the housing 90.

In the reforming system 1B as described above, when the reformer 4B is started, the vaporizer 6 is heated by the electric heater 7, so that ammonia gas is generated in the vaporizer 6. In addition, the pump 83 circulates hot water in the circulation paths 81 and 82. At this time, in the vaporization heat exchange section 86 of the reformer 4B, the hot water is heated by heat exchange between the gas flowing through the combustion section 10 and the hot water flowing through the heat source section 80. Then, when the reformer 4B operates normally and the temperature of the hot water rises to a predetermined temperature, the electric heater 7 is turned off, and the vaporizer 6 is heated by the warmed water, so that the ammonia gas is released in the vaporizer 6. Will be generated.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the reforming heat exchange unit 85 of the reformer 4B performs heat exchange of the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 described above. In the vaporization heat exchange section 86 of the reformer 4B, the combustion section 10 and the heat source section 80 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing 90. Therefore, the gas flowing through the combustion unit 10 and the hot water flowing through the heat source unit 80 exchange heat. Further, the outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the heat source portion 80 communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing 90. Therefore, the hot water flowing through the heat source unit 80 smoothly flows in the axial direction and the radial direction of the housing 90. Therefore, the heat exchange efficiency of the hot water flowing through the heat source unit 80 is improved. Further, by integrating the reforming heat exchange unit 85 and the vaporization heat exchange unit 86, a part of the reformer 4B can be effectively used as a heat source of the vaporizer 6. Therefore, it is not necessary to heat the vaporizer 6 by the electric heater 7 during the normal operation of the reformer 4B, so that power saving can be achieved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the partition walls 41 and 43 forming the section between the combustion section 10 and the heat source section 80 in the vaporization heat exchange section 86 are the heating section 8 and the reforming section 9 in the reforming heat exchange section 85. It is also used as the same plate-shaped member as the partition walls 41 to 43 that partition the combustion portion 10. Therefore, the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, the combustion unit 10, and the heat source unit 80 can be easily formed.

The vaporization heat exchange section 86 divides the combustion section 10 and the heat source section 80 into two partition walls, and the reforming heat exchange section 85 partitions the heating section 8, the reforming section 9, and the combustion section 10. The three partition walls to be formed may be composed of different plate-shaped members. In this case, between the reforming heat exchange section 85 and the vaporization heat exchange section 86, the partition wall forming the section between the combustion section 10 and the heat source section 80, and the heating section 8 and the reforming section 9 and combustion. It is connected to a partition wall that partitions the portion 10.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be variously modified.

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the reformer 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 15, in the reformer 4 of the present modification, the joint portions 101 in which the partition walls 41 to 43 are joined to each other at both ends of the housing 25 and the partition walls 41 and 42 are joined to each other at both ends of the housing 25. It has a joined portion 102 that is joined. In the joint portion 101, the partition walls 41 to 43 are joined to each other by welding or the like so as to close the heating portion 8 and the reforming portion 9. Specifically, in the joint portion 101, the partition walls 41 to 43 are joined to each other in a state where both ends of the partition walls 41 and 43 are bent with respect to the partition wall 42. In the joint portion 102, the partition walls 41 and 42 are joined to each other by welding or the like so as to close the heating portion 8 and the reforming portion 9. Specifically, in the joint portion 102, the partition walls 41 and 42 are joined to each other with both ends of the partition walls 41 and 42 bent. Further, both ends of the housing 25 are provided with tubular portions 103 fixed to the first introduction header 36 and the first lead-out header 37, respectively.

In this modified example, a closed structure of the heating portion 8 and the modifying portion 9 can be formed inside the housing 25 while facilitating joining work such as welding at both ends of the housing 25.

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another modification of the reformer 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, in the reformer 4 of the present modification, a plurality of protrusions 111 protruding in the radial direction of the housing 25 are provided on the partition wall 41, and a plurality of protrusions 111 protruding in the radial direction of the housing 25 are provided on the partition wall 42. The protrusions 112 are provided, and a plurality of protrusions 113 protruding in the radial direction of the housing 25 are provided on the partition wall 43. The tip of the protrusion 111 is in contact with the partition walls 40 and 43. The tip of the protrusion 112 is in contact with the partition wall 41. The tip of the protrusion 113 is in contact with the partition wall 42. As a result, the radial pitches of the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 can be made uniform.

In this modification, when the gas flows through the heating unit 8, the gas is scattered by the plurality of protrusions 112, so that the flow rate of the gas in the heating unit 8 is equalized. Further, when the gas flows through the reforming section 9, the gas is scattered by the plurality of protrusions 113, so that the flow rate of the gas in the reforming section 9 is equalized. Further, when the gas flows through the combustion unit 10, the gas is scattered by the plurality of protrusions 111, so that the flow rate of the gas in the combustion unit 10 is equalized. Further, by providing the plurality of protrusions 111 to 113 on the partition walls 41 to 43, the surface area of the partition walls 41 to 43 is increased. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency of the gas flowing through the heating unit 8, the reforming unit 9, and the combustion unit 10 is further improved.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a modified example of the reformer 4 shown in FIG. In FIG. 17, the reformer 4 of the present modification further includes an additional introduction pipe 121 that additionally introduces ammonia gas and air in the radial direction of the housing 25 in the outermost peripheral region of the combustion unit 10. The housing 25 has tubular portions 122 and 123 instead of the tubular portion 31 described above. An additional introduction header 124 is arranged between the tubular portions 122 and 123. The additional introduction pipe 121 is attached to the additional introduction header 124. By additionally introducing ammonia gas and air into the combustion unit 10 and burning the combustion unit 10 in this way, it becomes possible to additionally supply heat to the reforming unit 9 downstream of the additional introduction pipe 121. The reforming rate of part 9 is improved.

Further, in the above embodiment, ammonia gas and air are introduced into the combustion unit 10 from the introduction port 48, combustion gas is led out from the outlet port 49, and ammonia gas is derived from the second introduction pipe 28 into the outermost peripheral region of the reforming unit 9. Is introduced, and the reforming gas is led out from the outermost peripheral region of the reforming section 9 to the second outlet pipe 29, but the form is not particularly limited. For example, ammonia gas and air are introduced from the second introduction pipe 28 into the outermost region of the combustion unit 10, the combustion gas is led out from the outermost region of the combustion unit 10 to the second outlet pipe 29, and the reforming unit is introduced from the introduction port 48. Ammonia gas may be introduced into 9, and the reforming gas may be derived from the outlet 49.

Further, in the above embodiment, the introduction port 48 which is the third introduction part is provided at one end of one end and the other end of the housing, and the outlet 49 which is the third outlet is one end of the housing and the other Although it is provided at the other end of the end, the form is not particularly limited, and the third introduction portion is an introduction pipe attached to one end and the other end of the housing, and is a third lead-out. The portion may be a lead-out pipe attached to one end of the housing and the other side of the other end.

Further, in the above embodiment, ammonia gas is used as the fuel gas, but the present invention can also be applied to a reforming system using a hydrocarbon gas or the like as the fuel gas.

Further, in the above embodiment, air is used as the oxidizing gas, but the present invention can also be applied to a reforming system using oxygen as the oxidizing gas.

Further, the above embodiment is a reforming system including a reformer which is a heat exchanger, but the heat exchanger of the present invention has a first distribution unit, a second distribution unit, and a third distribution unit. If so, it can be applied to other than reformers. Examples of such a heat exchanger include a device that exchanges heat between exhaust gas, engine cooling water, and engine oil.

1,1B ... reforming system, 4,4A, 4B ... reformer (heat exchanger), 6 ... vaporizer, 8 ... heating section (first distribution section), 9 ... reformer (second distribution section) 10, ... combustion unit (third distribution unit), 17 ... ammonia gas supply unit (fuel gas supply unit), 18 ... air supply unit (oxidizing gas supply unit), 25 ... housing, 26 ... first introduction pipe ( 1st introduction section), 27 ... 1st lead-out tube (1st lead-out section), 28 ... 2nd introduction tube (2nd introduction section), 29 ... 2nd lead-out tube (2nd lead-out section), 34 ... 2nd lead-out section Header, 35 ... 2nd introduction header, 36 ... 1st introduction header, 37 ... 1st derivation header, 40 ... partition wall, 41-43 ... partition wall, 45-47 ... joint, 45a-47a ... through hole, 48 ... Introduction port (third introduction part), 49 ... Outlet port (third out-out part), 61 ... Housing, 63 ... First header, 64 ... Second header, 65 ... First distribution area, 66 ... Second distribution Area, 67 ... 1st partition wall, 70 ... 3rd distribution area, 71 ... 4th distribution area, 72 ... 2nd partition wall, 80 ... heat source section (4th distribution section), 81, 82 ... circulation path, 85 ... Heat exchange section for reforming, 86 ... Heat exchange section for vaporization, 91 ... 3rd introduction pipe (4th introduction section), 92 ... 3rd lead-out pipe (4th lead-out section), 101, 102 ... Joint section, 111- 113 ... The protrusion.

Claims (10)

Cylindrical housing and
Three partition walls that are arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing and that partition the first distribution section, the second distribution section, and the third distribution section.
A first introduction section provided on one end side of the housing and introducing a medium into the first distribution section,
A first out-drawing unit provided on the other end side of the housing and leading out the medium circulated through the first distribution unit,
A second introduction section provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing and introducing a medium into the second distribution section.
A second out-licensing unit provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing and leading out the medium circulated through the second distribution unit.
A third introduction section provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing and introducing a medium into the third distribution section.
It is provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing, and includes a third lead-out unit for deriving the medium circulated through the third distribution unit.
The first distribution unit, the second distribution unit, and the third distribution unit are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing.
The outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the first distribution portion, the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the second distribution portion, and the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the third distribution portion are the housing. A heat exchanger that communicates in the radial direction of. The first introduction section is a first introduction tube attached to one end side of the housing and introducing a medium into the outermost peripheral region of the first distribution section in the radial direction of the housing.
The first derivation unit is attached to the other end side of the housing, and the first derivation unit that leads the medium that has circulated through the first distribution unit from the outermost peripheral region of the first distribution unit in the radial direction of the housing. Is a tube
The second introduction section is a second introduction tube attached to one end and the other end of the housing and introducing a medium into the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution section in the radial direction of the housing.
The second lead-out unit is attached to the other side of one end and the other end of the housing, and the medium circulated through the second distribution unit is led out from the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution unit in the radial direction of the housing. It is the second lead-out pipe to
The third introduction portion is an introduction port formed at one end of the housing and one end of the other end, and introduces a medium into the third distribution portion in the axial direction of the housing.
The third lead-out portion is formed at one end of the housing and the other end of the other end, and the medium circulated through the third distribution section is led out from the third distribution section in the axial direction of the housing. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, which is an outlet. An annular first introduction header that guides the medium introduced into the first distribution section in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided on one end side of the housing.
On the other end side of the housing, an annular first derivation header that guides the medium led out from the first distribution unit in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided.
An annular second introduction header that guides the medium introduced into the second distribution section in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing.
On the other side of one end and the other end of the housing, an annular second derivation header that guides the medium led out from the second distribution unit in the circumferential direction of the housing is provided.
The first introduction pipe is attached to the first introduction header, and is attached to the first introduction header.
The first lead-out pipe is attached to the first lead-out header.
The second introduction pipe is attached to the second introduction header, and is attached to the second introduction header.
The second lead-out pipe is attached to the second lead-out header.
The inside of the first introduction header and the first derivation header communicates with the outermost peripheral region of the first distribution unit.
The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the inside of the second introduction header and the second lead-out header communicates with the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution section. On one end side of the housing, a medium introduced into the first distribution section and a medium introduced into the second distribution section or a medium derived from the second distribution section are placed in the circumferential direction of the housing. An annular first header is provided to guide
On the other end side of the housing, a medium derived from the first distribution unit and a medium derived from the second distribution unit or a medium introduced into the second distribution unit are placed in the circumferential direction of the housing. There is a ring-shaped second header that leads to
The first introduction pipe and the second introduction pipe or the second outlet pipe are attached to the first header.
The first lead-out pipe and the second lead-out pipe or the second introduction pipe are attached to the second header.
Inside the first header, there is a first partition that separates a first distribution area that communicates with the inside of the first introduction pipe and a second distribution area that communicates with the inside of the second introduction pipe or the second outlet pipe. The walls are arranged and
Inside the second header, there is a second partition that separates a third distribution region that communicates with the inside of the first outlet pipe and a fourth distribution region that communicates with the inside of the second outlet pipe or the second introduction pipe. The walls are arranged and
The first distribution area and the third distribution area communicate with the outermost peripheral area of the first distribution section.
The heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein the second distribution region and the fourth distribution region communicate with the outermost peripheral region of the second distribution unit. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the three partition walls are joined so as to close the first distribution section and the second distribution section at both ends of the housing. Further provided with a plurality of joints in which some areas of the three partition walls are joined to each other.
The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the joint portion is provided with a through hole penetrating in the radial direction of the housing. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the partition wall is provided with a plurality of protrusions protruding in the radial direction of the housing. A reformer that reforms the fuel gas by using the heat generated by burning the fuel gas with the oxidizing gas.
A fuel gas supply unit that supplies the fuel gas to the reformer, and
The reformer is provided with an oxidizing gas supply unit that supplies the oxidizing gas.
The reformer
Cylindrical housing and
A first distribution section where the fuel gas flows, a second distribution section where the fuel gas flows, and a third distribution section where the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas flow, which are arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing. And the three compartment walls that form the compartment
A first introduction section provided on one end side of the housing and introducing the fuel gas into the first distribution section,
A first out-drawing unit provided on the other end side of the housing and leading out the gas flowing through the first distribution unit,
A second introduction section provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing and introducing the fuel gas into the second distribution section.
A second outlet that is provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing and that derives the gas that has flowed through the second distribution unit.
A third introduction section provided on one side of one end and the other end of the housing and introducing the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas into the third distribution section.
It is provided on the other side of one end and the other end of the housing, and includes a third lead-out unit for leading out the gas flowing through the third flow-out unit.
The first distribution unit is a heating unit that heats the fuel gas.
The second distribution unit is a reforming unit that reforms the fuel gas heated by the heating unit to generate a reformed gas containing hydrogen.
The third distribution unit is a combustion unit that burns the fuel gas heated by the heating unit to generate combustion gas.
The heating unit, the reforming unit, and the combustion unit are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing.
The outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the heating portion, the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the modified portion, and the outer peripheral side region and inner peripheral side region of the combustion portion communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing. Remodeling system. The first introduction portion is a first introduction pipe attached to one end side of the housing and introducing the fuel gas into the outermost peripheral region of the heating portion in the radial direction of the housing.
The first outlet is a first outlet pipe attached to the other end side of the housing and leading the fuel gas flowing through the heating portion from the outermost peripheral region of the heating portion in the radial direction of the housing. Yes,
The second introduction portion is attached to one side of one end and the other end of the housing, and the fuel gas that has passed through the heating portion is introduced into the outermost peripheral region of the reforming portion in the radial direction of the housing. It is the second introduction pipe,
The second lead-out portion is attached to the other side of one end and the other end of the housing, and the reformed gas that has passed through the reformed portion is passed from the outermost peripheral region of the reformed portion in the radial direction of the housing. It is the second lead-out pipe to be derived,
The third introduction portion is formed at one end of the housing and one end of the other end, and the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas that have passed through the heating portion are passed through the combustion portion in the axial direction of the housing. It is an introduction port to be introduced in
The third outlet is formed at one end of the housing and the other end of the other end, and the third outlet is a lead port for guiding the combustion gas flowing through the combustion portion from the combustion portion in the axial direction of the housing. The reforming system according to claim 8. The fuel gas supply unit has a vaporizer that vaporizes liquid fuel with a heating medium to generate the fuel gas, and a circulation path that supplies the heating medium to the vaporizer.
The reformer has the heating section, the reforming section, and the reforming heat exchange section having the combustion section, and the reforming heat exchange so as to be arranged on one end side of the reforming heat exchange section. It has a heat exchange part for vaporization that is integrated with the part and heats the heating medium.
The vaporization heat exchange unit is provided in the housing and two partition walls that are arranged in a spiral shape inside the housing and that partition the combustion unit and the fourth distribution unit through which the heating medium flows. It has a fourth introduction section for introducing the heating medium into the fourth distribution section, and a fourth lead-out section provided in the housing for leading out the heating medium from the fourth distribution section.
The combustion unit and the fourth distribution unit are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other along the radial direction of the housing.
The outer peripheral side region and the inner peripheral side region of the fourth distribution portion communicate with each other in the radial direction of the housing.
The first introduction pipe is attached to one end side of the housing of the reforming heat exchange section.
The first lead-out pipe is attached to the other end side of the housing of the reforming heat exchange portion.
The second introduction pipe is attached to one end and the other end of the housing of the reforming heat exchange section.
The second lead-out pipe is attached to one end and the other end of the housing of the reforming heat exchange portion.
The fourth introduction section is attached to one end side of the housing of the heat exchange section for vaporization, and the heating medium is introduced into the outermost peripheral region of the fourth distribution section in the radial direction of the housing. Is a tube
The fourth lead-out unit is attached to the other side of the housing of the vaporization heat exchange unit, and the third lead-out unit leads the heating medium from the outermost peripheral region of the fourth distribution unit in the radial direction of the housing. The reforming system according to claim 9, which is a pipe.

Images