JP2007136416A - High water content organic waste treatment method - Google Patents
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- JP2007136416A JP2007136416A JP2005336922A JP2005336922A JP2007136416A JP 2007136416 A JP2007136416 A JP 2007136416A JP 2005336922 A JP2005336922 A JP 2005336922A JP 2005336922 A JP2005336922 A JP 2005336922A JP 2007136416 A JP2007136416 A JP 2007136416A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Abstract
Description
本発明は、高含水有機廃棄物の処理方法に関する。特に、発酵副生廃液である蒸留酒廃液、アルコール発酵廃液、さらには、青果市場や食品工場から発生する含水率の高い生ゴミ(例えば野菜屑)を処理するのに好適な高含水有機廃棄物の処理方法に係る発明である。 The present invention relates to a method for treating high water content organic waste. In particular, high-moisture organic waste suitable for processing high-water-content garbage (eg vegetable waste) generated from the fermentation liquor waste liquor, alcohol fermentation waste liquor, and fruit and vegetable markets and food factories. It is invention which concerns on this processing method.
なお、本発明の処理方法が適用可能な高含水有機廃棄物には、上記のものに限られず、あらゆる動植物残渣(魚粗、動物死骸等)も含まれる。 The high water content organic waste to which the treatment method of the present invention can be applied is not limited to the above, but also includes all animal and plant residues (fish coarse, animal carcasses, etc.).
従来、発酵副生廃液や生ゴミは、そのまま保管放置しておくと、腐敗し易く、1〜2日で異臭が発生する。 Conventionally, when fermentation by-product waste liquid and garbage are stored and left as they are, they easily rot and generate a strange odor in 1 to 2 days.
しかし、高含水であるため、そのままの却処分等には適さず、また、未処理で海洋投棄等することは、環境関連法の規制上、困難となっている。 However, since it has a high water content, it is not suitable for disposal as it is, and it is difficult to dispose of it unprocessed in the ocean due to regulations of environment-related laws.
このため、発酵廃液の場合は、乾燥処理(濃縮乾燥)することも考えられるが、蒸発のための大量の熱エネルギーを必要としたり又は時間がかかったりする。このため、固液分離することが望ましい。 For this reason, in the case of fermentation waste liquid, drying treatment (concentration drying) may be considered, but a large amount of heat energy for evaporation is required or time is required. For this reason, it is desirable to perform solid-liquid separation.
しかし、固液分離した場合、液相側に相当な有機質が多量に含まれていることが多く、液肥化は可能であるものの(特許文献1参照)、固液分離した液体をそのまま廃棄することは、河川や湖沼における水中BODを増大させるため望ましくない。 However, in the case of solid-liquid separation, the liquid phase side often contains a large amount of substantial organic matter, and liquid fertilization is possible (see Patent Document 1), but the liquid separated by solid-liquid separation is discarded as it is. Is undesirable because it increases underwater BOD in rivers and lakes.
したがって、液相を限外ろ過さらには逆浸透操作などで精製して、自然環境に排出するのに適した状態にして廃棄する必要があった(特許文献2第10〜11頁参照)。 Therefore, it was necessary to purify the liquid phase by ultrafiltration or reverse osmosis, and to dispose it in a state suitable for discharge to the natural environment (see Patent Document 2, pages 10 to 11).
なお、本発明の新規性又は進歩性に影響を与えるものではないが、本発明と同様に高含水有機廃棄物を固液分離せず堆肥化(有機肥料化)することができる方法が記載された先行技術文献として、たとえば、特許文献3・4等が存在する。
本発明は、上記にかんがみて、高含水有機廃棄物であっても、そのまま、乾燥工程や固液分離工程等の水分調節をせずに、かつ、異臭を発生させずに処理でき、しかも、処理物は長期間保管可能で、堆肥や土壌改良材の素材として好適な一次発酵品を調製することができる新規な高含水有機廃棄物の処理方法を提供することを目的(課題)とする。 In view of the above, the present invention, even if it is a highly water-containing organic waste, can be processed as it is without adjusting the moisture in the drying process or solid-liquid separation process, and without generating off-flavors, It is an object (problem) to provide a novel high water content organic waste treatment method that can store a treated product for a long period of time and can prepare a primary fermented product suitable as a material for compost and soil improvement materials.
本発明の高含水有機廃棄物の処理方法は、上記課題を下記構成により解決するものである。 The processing method of the high water content organic waste of this invention solves the said subject by the following structure.
液状の又は液状化させた高含水有機廃棄物(以下「液状有機物」という。)の処理方法であって、
木質炭素資材に対して、微生物資材及び窒素資材を添加混合して炭素率(C/N比)100以上、かつ、当初水分35〜50%に調節した堆積培地体に、前記液状有機物を前記堆積培地体に散布して水分を調節するとともに、切り返しを行って、堆積培地体を最高発酵温度が55℃以上を示す状態に維持して一次発酵品を調製することを特徴とする。
A method for treating liquid or liquefied highly water-containing organic waste (hereinafter referred to as “liquid organic matter”),
The liquid organic matter is deposited on a deposition medium body that is adjusted to a carbon ratio (C / N ratio) of 100 or more and an initial moisture of 35 to 50% by adding and mixing a microbial material and a nitrogen material to a woody carbon material. It is characterized in that the primary fermentation product is prepared by controlling the water content by spraying on the medium body and by turning it over to maintain the deposition medium body in a state where the maximum fermentation temperature is 55 ° C. or higher.
木質炭素資材を主体とする堆積培地体に、液状有機物で水分を調節しながら、堆積培地体の最高発酵温度が55℃以上を示す状態に維持することにより、異臭の原因となる腐敗がほとんど進行せず、かつ、発酵熱により水分を蒸発させることができる。このため、水分蒸発に大量のエネルギーを必要とせず、また、木質炭素資材が主体であるため、たとえ、異臭が発生しても、木質炭素資材に吸収される。 By maintaining the maximum fermentation temperature of the sedimented medium body at 55 ° C or higher while adjusting the moisture with a liquid organic substance to the sedimented medium body mainly composed of woody carbon material, the decay that causes the off-flavor is almost advanced. In addition, moisture can be evaporated by fermentation heat. For this reason, a large amount of energy is not required for water evaporation, and the wood carbon material is the main component, so even if a strange odor is generated, it is absorbed by the wood carbon material.
こうして調製した一次発酵品は、適宜、窒素資材等を添加する(炭素率が二次発酵に適した状態に達していない場合)ことにより、汎用の方法で二次発酵させて、堆肥とすることができる。また、他の土壌固化材に混ぜて、法面緑化材等の土壌改良材としても使用できる。 The primary fermented product thus prepared is appropriately fermented with a general-purpose method by adding nitrogen materials, etc. (when the carbon content has not reached a state suitable for secondary fermentation), and composting it. Can do. Moreover, it can be mixed with other soil-solidifying materials and used as a soil improving material such as a slope greening material.
さらに、木質炭素資材は、森林から大量の発生する剪定枝のチップや、製材工場で発生するオガクズ等の産業廃棄物の有効利用につながり、本発明は、バイオマス循環にも多大に寄与する。 Furthermore, the woody carbon material leads to effective use of pruned branch chips generated in large quantities from the forest and industrial waste such as sawdust generated in a lumber mill, and the present invention greatly contributes to biomass circulation.
以下、本発明における高含水有機廃棄物の処理方法の望ましい形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, the desirable form of the processing method of the high water content organic waste in this invention is demonstrated.
本発明を処理対象物である高含水有機廃棄物には、前述の如く、蒸留酒廃液、アルコール発酵廃液のような液状物ばかりでなく、粉砕物としたとき液状となる野菜屑、魚粗、動物死骸等の動植物残渣も含まれるものである。 As described above, the high water content organic waste that is a treatment object of the present invention includes not only liquids such as distilled liquor waste liquor and alcohol fermentation waste liquor, but also vegetable waste, fish coarse, Animal and plant residues such as animal carcasses are also included.
そして、本発明は、液状有機物(液状の又は液状化させた高含水有機廃棄物)を散布する堆積培地体は、木質炭素資材を、特に、針葉樹起源の木質炭素資材を含有させることに最大の特徴を有する。すなわち、従来の堆肥化する場合の堆積培地体とは異質のものである。すなわち、仕込み(初期)炭素率(C/N比)が、100〜300以上と、従来の、堆肥化における仕込み時の炭素率25〜50(望ましくは30〜40)を想定していない。また、木質炭素資材はセルロース、リグニンを含み分解が困難とされ、その中でも、針葉樹起源の木質炭素資材はリグニンをより多量に含み、より発酵分解が困難である。このため、針葉樹起源の炭素資材を多量に含む堆積培地体は、堆肥化に際して今まで試みられた例はない。 And this invention is the largest in the sedimentation culture medium body which spread | spreads liquid organic substance (a liquid or liquefied highly water-containing organic waste) contains wood carbon material, especially wood carbon material of conifer origin. Has characteristics. That is, it is different from the conventional deposition medium body for composting. That is, the charged (initial) carbon rate (C / N ratio) is 100 to 300 or higher, and the conventional carbon rate of 25 to 50 (preferably 30 to 40) at the time of charging in composting is not assumed. In addition, woody carbon materials contain cellulose and lignin and are difficult to decompose. Among them, woody carbon materials derived from conifers contain a larger amount of lignin and are more difficult to decompose by fermentation. For this reason, there has been no example of a deposition medium body containing a large amount of carbon material derived from conifers until composting.
しかし、本発明者らは、針葉樹起源のものを主体とした堆積培地体(30%以上、針葉樹の種類によっては100%)であっても、適当な微生物資材(複合菌体)を使用するとともに、窒素資材を少量混合し、液状有機物で水分調節して、切り返しを頻繁に(例えば、1日1回平均)、行って空気と接触させれば、所定温度以上の発酵温度が維持でき、余分なエネルギーを使用せずに、水分蒸発と共に、一次発酵品の調製ができることを知見(発見)したものである。さらに、針葉樹起源の炭素質素材は、殺菌ないし滅菌作用があり、異臭の原因となる腐敗を抑制する作用も期待できる。 However, the present inventors use an appropriate microbial material (complex fungus body) even if it is a deposition medium body (30% or more, depending on the kind of coniferous tree) mainly composed of coniferous origin. Mixing a small amount of nitrogen material, adjusting the moisture with liquid organic matter, and switching frequently (for example, once a day), and if it is performed and contacted with air, the fermentation temperature above the predetermined temperature can be maintained, and extra It was discovered (discovered) that primary fermented products can be prepared together with water evaporation without using extra energy. Furthermore, the carbonaceous material derived from conifers has a bactericidal or sterilizing action, and can be expected to have an action of suppressing spoilage that causes a strange odor.
針葉樹起源の炭素資材としては、モミ、杉、松、ヒノキ等のチップ材(剪定枝)またはオガクズを使用する。これらは、通常、産業廃棄物として発生するため、バイオマスの有効利用につながる。なお、炭素資材として、広葉樹(剪定枝)のチップ材やオガクズ、さらには、水分調節用として、モミガラ、細断稲藁等を適宜使用できる。なお、チップ材は、長さ約50mm以下で厚み5mm以下、さらには、長さ30mm以下で厚み3mm以下のものが望ましい。チップ材が大きすぎると、発酵分解に時間がかかり、一次発酵品の用途が限定される。 Chip materials (pruned branches) such as fir, cedar, pine, hinoki or sawdust are used as the carbon material derived from conifers. Since these are usually generated as industrial waste, they lead to effective use of biomass. As carbon materials, hardwood (pruned branch) chip materials and sawdust, and for controlling moisture, rice straw, shredded rice straw and the like can be used as appropriate. The chip material is preferably about 50 mm or less in length and 5 mm or less in thickness, and more preferably 30 mm or less in length and 3 mm or less in thickness. If the chip material is too large, fermentation decomposition takes time, and the use of the primary fermentation product is limited.
ここで窒素資材とは、炭素率50未満のもの、望ましくは炭素率20以下のものをいい、例えば、コメヌカ(22)、おから(10.3)、油カス(5.6)、焼酎カス(8.1)等の植物性のものや、鶏糞(6)、牛糞(15)、豚糞(8)等の蓄糞を好適に使用できる。 Here, the nitrogen material means a material having a carbon content of less than 50, preferably a material having a carbon content of 20 or less. For example, rice bran (22), okara (10.3), oil residue (5.6), shochu residue Plants such as (8.1) and stored feces such as chicken dung (6), cow dung (15), and pig dung (8) can be suitably used.
なお、針葉樹バークは172、オガ屑は340〜1258である。アルコール廃液は、19.4、野菜屑は、43である。 Conifer bark is 172 and sawdust is 340 to 1258. Alcohol waste liquid is 19.4 and vegetable waste is 43.
上記微生物資材としては、培養可能な細菌、放線菌及び糸状菌を含む複合菌体が好ましい。針葉樹起源の炭素質に含まれるセルロースやリグニンの分解のために放線菌や糸状菌が効果的なためである。さらには、細菌は好気性菌、通性嫌気性菌、嫌気性菌の嫌気性菌と好気性菌の双方を含むものが望ましい。本発明では、好気性発酵とともに高含水下での嫌気性発酵も予定し、さらに、二次発酵の際してリグニン分解が主として嫌気性下で行われるためである。 The microbial material is preferably a complex microbial cell containing culturable bacteria, actinomycetes and filamentous fungi. This is because actinomycetes and filamentous fungi are effective for degrading cellulose and lignin contained in the carbonaceous material of coniferous origin. Furthermore, the bacteria preferably include aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. In the present invention, anaerobic fermentation under high water content is planned together with aerobic fermentation, and further, lignin decomposition is mainly performed under anaerobic conditions in the secondary fermentation.
複合菌体を構成する菌体には、細菌(光合成細菌、独立栄養細菌(水素酸化菌、イオウ酸化菌、鉄酸化菌、アンモニア酸化菌、亜硝酸酸化菌)、硫酸還元菌等)、放線菌、及び、糸状菌(カビ類)、酵母、キノコ菌、さらには酵素も含まれる。 Bacteria (photosynthetic bacteria, autotrophic bacteria (hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, iron-oxidizing bacteria, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, etc.), sulfate-reducing bacteria), actinomycetes And filamentous fungi (molds), yeast, mushrooms and even enzymes.
複合菌体中に上記独立栄養菌を含ませることにより、異臭の原因となるアンモニア、メルカプタン、硫化水素、ブタノール等の分解が促進されて、異臭が抑制されるとともに、分解反応の平衡移動により分解が促進される。また、通常、種菌資材は、市販の微生物資材を使用してもよいが、一次・二次発酵処理品を調製後は、一次・二次発酵処理品を前記微生物資材の全部または大部分(7〜8割以上)として使用する。 By including the above-mentioned autotrophic bacteria in complex cells, decomposition of ammonia, mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, butanol, etc., which cause off-flavors, is promoted, and off-flavors are suppressed and decomposed by equilibrium transfer of the decomposition reaction. Is promoted. In general, commercially available microbial material may be used as the inoculum material, but after preparing the primary / secondary fermentation treatment product, the primary / secondary fermentation treatment product is used in the whole or most of the microbial material (7 ~ 80% or more).
複合菌体は、上記要件を満たす市販品又は自家調製品(一次・二次発酵処理品)のうちから、適宜、選択でき、また、上記各種菌を適宜混合して、調製してもよい。 The complex cells can be appropriately selected from commercially available products or self-prepared products (primary / secondary fermentation processed products) satisfying the above requirements, and may be prepared by appropriately mixing the various bacteria.
ここで、炭素率の所望値は、高含水有機廃棄物の種類により異なるが、100〜200以上、さらには250以上が望ましい。炭素率が低すぎては、本発明の場合、一時的には、高含水状態となり、かつ、窒素分が多くなるため、異臭が発生するおそれがある。 Here, the desired value of the carbon ratio varies depending on the type of high water content organic waste, but is preferably 100 to 200 or more, more preferably 250 or more. If the carbon ratio is too low, in the case of the present invention, the water content is temporarily high and the nitrogen content increases, so there is a possibility that a bad odor may be generated.
炭素率の上限は、鶏糞、油粕、おから等の炭素率略20以下の窒素資材が含まれており、発酵により最高発酵温度が、55℃以上、望ましくは60℃以上の、更に望ましくは、70℃以上の維持可能であれば、特に限定されない。炭素率が、余り高過ぎると、相対的に窒素量が少なくなり、発酵分解の進行が遅くなるため、通常、炭素率800以下が望ましい。 The upper limit of the carbon rate includes nitrogen materials such as chicken manure, oil cake, okara, etc., and the maximum fermentation temperature is 55 ° C. or higher, preferably 60 ° C. or higher, more preferably, by fermentation. If it can maintain 70 degreeC or more, it will not specifically limit. If the carbon rate is too high, the amount of nitrogen is relatively reduced and the progress of fermentation decomposition is slowed. Therefore, a carbon rate of 800 or less is usually desirable.
発酵温度が、55℃以上、望ましくは60〜70℃以上を示すことにより、水分の蒸発が促進されて、液状有機物の単位期間処理量を増大させることができるとともに、雑菌が死滅して、通常の保管環境では腐敗し難いものとなる。 When the fermentation temperature is 55 ° C. or higher, desirably 60 to 70 ° C. or higher, the evaporation of water is promoted, the liquid organic matter can be processed for a unit period, and various bacteria are killed. It will be difficult to rot in the storage environment.
また、当初水分(全量基準)の所望値は、液状有機物(高含水有機廃棄物)の種類により異なるが、30〜50%が、さらには40〜50%が望ましい。水分が低過ぎては、液状有機物の散布による発酵可能な状態の水分調節が困難となり、発酵分解が進行し難い。すなわち、木質炭素資材は、特に、チップは、水をはじき易く、発酵に必要な水分を堆積培地体が保持し難くなる。逆に高すぎては、液状有機物の一回当たりの処理能が小さくなる。 Further, the desired value of the initial moisture (based on the total amount) varies depending on the type of liquid organic matter (highly water-containing organic waste), but is preferably 30 to 50%, and more preferably 40 to 50%. If the moisture is too low, it becomes difficult to adjust the moisture in a fermentable state by spraying the liquid organic matter, and the fermentation decomposition is difficult to proceed. That is, the woody carbon material, in particular, the chip easily repels water, and it becomes difficult for the deposition medium body to retain water necessary for fermentation. On the other hand, if it is too high, the processing ability per time of the liquid organic material will be small.
そして、本発明の処理方法は、上記のように調製した堆積培地体に、液状有機廃物を散布して、発酵に必要な水分に調節する。 And the processing method of this invention disperse | distributes a liquid organic waste to the deposition culture medium body prepared as mentioned above, and adjusts it to the water | moisture content required for fermentation.
ここで、発酵に必要な水分(全体量基準)とは、通常、50〜80%、望ましくは、60〜70%とする。木質炭素資材が多いため、通常の堆肥化の一次発酵に際しての水分50〜60%より多くても、腐敗が進行するようなことはない。 Here, the moisture necessary for fermentation (based on the total amount) is usually 50 to 80%, preferably 60 to 70%. Since there are many woody carbon materials, even if it is more than 50-60% of the water | moisture content at the time of the primary fermentation of normal composting, decay does not advance.
このとき、堆積培地体12の形状は、通常の堆肥を製造する場合のように、底面円形又は矩形の山形でもよいが、図1に示すような山形断面を畦状にしたものを、複数列設けることが望ましい。
At this time, the shape of the
攪拌スクリュー14が、図例ように、右ねじスクリュー14aと左ねじスクリュー14bとを備え中央部へ寄せながら攪拌する自走式堆肥用切り返し機(コンポストターナー)を使用できるためである。具体的には、緑産株式会社から「コンポターンRT3000」の商品名で上市されているものが使用できる。この攪拌方式であると、攪拌に際して、底部両側から新鮮な空気が堆積培地体の中心部に向って導入され、発酵が促進され、水分や発酵反応で生成する炭酸ガスが上部へ円滑に揮散する(一点鎖線参照)。
This is because, as shown in the figure, the stirring
また、散布は、焼酎廃液のような液状のものは、工場内で処理するときには、ピットから直接ポンプで、又は、工場外で処理するときには、タンクローリに移し替えタンクローリから散布する。野菜屑のような固形物の場合は、ミキサー機を通して粉砕して、液状化したものをポンプ等で散布する。 In addition, in the case of spraying, liquids such as shochu waste liquid are transferred directly from the pit with a pump when processing in the factory, or transferred to the tank truck and sprayed from the tank truck when processing outside the factory. In the case of solids such as vegetable scraps, they are pulverized through a mixer and liquefied with a pump or the like.
上記コンポストターナーを使用する場合は、畝状の堆積培地体12は、例えば、底辺幅:3.5m、高さ:1.5mで、コンポストターナーを運転可能な余裕を残して、敷地の大きさに合わせて一列又は複数列設置する。
In the case of using the above compost turner, the bowl-shaped deposition
なお、畝状の堆積培地体を設置する敷地的余裕がないときは、図2〜3に示すようなベルトコンベヤ式攪拌機(切り返し機)16を備えた発酵槽ピット17を用いて箱状の堆積培地体12Aを形成してもよい。該攪拌機16は、無端ベルト16aの外側面に所定ピッチで攪拌羽根16bが取付けられ、無端ベルト16aはベルト伝動18により回転するようになっている。そして、攪拌機16は、縦方向に移動する走行台車20上に左右方向にする移動台車22を介して左右・前後に移動可能に設置されている。なお、図例中、24は走行レールであり、26は昇降モータである。
In addition, when there is no site margin to install the bowl-shaped deposition medium body, box-shaped deposition is performed using a
この場合は、切り返し時にエアを培地山内へ曝気が困難なため、別に、床面に多数の曝気管28を一面に設けるとともに、周壁にも曝気(図示せず)を適宜設ける。曝気管28は、分配配管30を介してブロアー32と接続されている(図3参照)。
In this case, since it is difficult to aerate the air into the culture medium at the time of switching, separately, a large number of
大きさは、例えば、幅:15m、長さ:40m、高さ:1〜1.5mとする。容量は、900m3となる。 The size is, for example, width: 15 m, length: 40 m, and height: 1 to 1.5 m. The capacity is 900 m 3 .
そして、液状有機物の堆積培地体12に対する1回当たり散布量は、前記発酵を維持可能な水分であれば、特に限定されないが、例えば、100m3当たり1〜4m3(1〜4t)とする。通常、底部から滲出しない量とするが、滲出する場合は、樋で受けて、循環散布してもよい。
The amount of application of the liquid organic material to the
この液状有機物の散布後、曝気(空気流入)を伴う切り返しを行うが、該切り返しの前に、培地山に表面に針葉樹起源の炭素資材で表面全面を覆うことが望ましい。 After the spraying of the liquid organic matter, turning with aeration (air inflow) is performed. Before the turning, it is desirable to cover the entire surface with a carbon material derived from conifers on the surface of the medium mountain.
木質炭素資材(特に、針葉樹起源のものが主体の)で表面全面を覆った状態で切り返しを行うことにより、表層側が針葉樹炭素資材の比率が高くなり、表面が側における腐敗抑制・脱臭促進作用が増大して、異臭の発生がさらに抑制される。 By cutting back with the entire surface covered with woody carbon materials (especially those of coniferous origin), the surface layer has a higher proportion of coniferous carbon materials, and the surface is on the side to prevent decay and promote deodorization. The generation of off-flavor is further suppressed.
そして、堆肥素材とする場合において、液状有機物に含まれる有機質の炭素率が高いときは、適宜、窒素資材を添加する。 And when it is set as a compost material, when the organic carbon rate contained in a liquid organic substance is high, nitrogen material is added suitably.
こうして、調製した一次発酵品は、一次発酵における発熱により滅菌ないし殺菌され、腐敗し難く、また、針葉樹起源の木質炭素資材(腐敗菌に対する殺菌ないし滅菌作用を有する。)を含むため、異臭の発生もほとんどなく、長期保管可能である。 Thus, the prepared primary fermented product is sterilized or sterilized by the heat generated in the primary fermentation, hardly perishes, and contains a woody carbon material of coniferous origin (having a sterilizing or sterilizing action against spoilage bacteria), so that an off-flavor is generated. It can be stored for a long time.
そして、この一次発酵品を二次発酵させて堆肥化する場合は、水分を通常の堆肥化の際における最適含水率50〜60%に調節しながら、1ケ月に1回程度切り返しを行い、培地山が昇温しなくなるまで続けて、二次発酵を完了して、完熟堆肥とする。 And, when this primary fermented product is subjected to secondary fermentation and composted, it is turned around once a month while adjusting the moisture content to 50-60% at the time of normal composting. Continue until the mountain no longer heats up and complete the secondary fermentation to complete ripe compost.
なお、土壌改良材(固化材)として使用するときは、高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、パルプ灰、リサイクル石膏等の無機系産業廃棄物を適宜混ぜて、法面緑化材等の土壌改良材として使用可能である。 In addition, when used as a soil improvement material (solidification material), inorganic industrial waste such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, pulp ash, and recycled gypsum can be mixed as appropriate, and used as a soil improvement material such as slope planting material. It is.
本発明を実施例に基づいて、更に、詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be described in more detail based on examples.
以下に、一次発酵品を組成処方の一例を示す。 Below, an example of a composition prescription is shown for a primary fermented product.
市販複合微生物資材 0.125m3
一次発酵品(複合微生物資材) 25m3
米ぬか 1.75m3
発酵米ぬか(複合微生物資材)0.25m3
油粕 1m3
乾燥鶏糞 5m3
針葉樹チップ(剪定枝) 100m3
水分 40〜45%
ここで、剪定枝チップ(オガクズの最小炭素率を引用:340)とし、微生物資材(複合菌体)は全て「10」と仮定して、炭素率を求めると、約260となる。この数値は、通常の堆肥における一次発酵時の炭素率50〜60とは、異質の数字である。
Commercial composite microbial materials 0.125m 3
Primary fermented product (composite microbial material) 25m 3
Rice bran 1.75m 3
Fermented rice bran (composite microbial material) 0.25m 3
Oil bottle 1m 3
Dried chicken manure 5m 3
Softwood chip (pruned branch) 100m 3
Moisture 40-45%
Here, it is assumed that the pruned branch chip (the minimum carbon rate of sawdust is quoted: 340), all the microbial materials (composite cells) are “10”, and the carbon rate is about 260. This numerical value is different from the carbon ratio of 50 to 60 at the time of primary fermentation in normal compost.
そして、上記組成で合計50m3の培地を用いて、表1に示すスキームに従って、焼酎廃液を散布しながら、一次発酵品を調製した。 A primary fermentation product was prepared using a medium having a total composition of 50 m 3 and spraying the shochu liquor according to the scheme shown in Table 1.
そして、培地山における上中下の三箇所で温度を測定した。表1に示す温度測定結果から、本実施例の培地山は、発酵分解が進んでいることが分かる。すなわち、最高発酵温度は、当初(1日目)から55℃以上を、4日目以降は70℃以上を維持して、良好な発酵が進んでいることが分かる。 And temperature was measured in three places, upper, middle, and lower in a culture medium mountain. From the temperature measurement results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the culture pile in this example is undergoing fermentation decomposition. That is, the maximum fermentation temperature is maintained at 55 ° C. or higher from the beginning (the first day) and maintained at 70 ° C. or higher after the fourth day, and it can be seen that favorable fermentation proceeds.
12、12A 堆積培地体
14 スクリュー式攪拌機(切り返し機)
16 ベルトコンベヤ式攪拌機(切り返し機)
17 発酵槽ピット
12, 12A Accumulation
16 Belt conveyor type stirrer
17 Fermenter pit
Claims (8)
木質炭素資材に対して、微生物資材及び窒素資材を添加混合して炭素率(C/N比)100以上、かつ、当初水分35〜50%に調節した堆積培地体に、前記液状有機物を前記堆積培地体に散布して水分を調節するとともに、切り返しを行って、堆積培地体を最高発酵温度が55℃以上を示す状態に維持して一次発酵品を調製することを特徴とする高含水有機廃棄物の処理方法。 A method for treating liquid or liquefied highly water-containing organic waste (hereinafter referred to as “liquid organic matter”),
The liquid organic matter is deposited on a deposition medium body that is adjusted to a carbon ratio (C / N ratio) of 100 or more and an initial moisture of 35 to 50% by adding and mixing a microbial material and a nitrogen material to a woody carbon material. Highly water-containing organic waste, characterized in that it is sprayed on the medium body to control moisture, and is turned over to maintain the sedimented medium body at a state where the maximum fermentation temperature is 55 ° C. or higher to prepare a primary fermentation product. How to handle things.
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JP2010188290A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Method of removing odor component using fungus hypha |
CN103265339A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-28 | 石河子大学 | Organic matrix for vegetable soilless seedling, and preparation method thereof |
CN105084693A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 吴永忠 | Biological high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology of sludge |
JP2018030777A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-03-01 | 株式会社テクノマックス南日本 | Method of producing fully mature fertilizer with high humic acid content |
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JPH10287485A (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1998-10-27 | Toshiaki Aranaka | Odorless fermentation treatment of 'shouchu' (distilled japanese sake) liquid waste |
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JP2008114130A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-22 | Masayoshi Kitamichi | Treatment method for high moisture content waste such as shochu lees and animal and plant broth, and its treatment apparatus |
JP2010188290A (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-02 | Institute Of National Colleges Of Technology Japan | Method of removing odor component using fungus hypha |
CN103265339A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-08-28 | 石河子大学 | Organic matrix for vegetable soilless seedling, and preparation method thereof |
CN105084693A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 吴永忠 | Biological high-temperature aerobic fermentation technology of sludge |
JP2018030777A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-03-01 | 株式会社テクノマックス南日本 | Method of producing fully mature fertilizer with high humic acid content |
JP7021430B2 (en) | 2016-08-18 | 2022-02-17 | 株式会社テクノマックス南日本 | How to produce ripe fertilizer with high humic acid content |
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