JP2007130562A - Filter frame and filter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reusable filter frame having excellent UV resistance. <P>SOLUTION: The filter frame has a frame body composed of metal-made plates in the form of a rectangular frame of a predetermined height and wire materials for supporting of the filter material which are arranged in parallel across a pair of opposite plates in a freely removable way. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reusable filter frame and a filter.

The filter is used for various purposes. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-113319 discloses a filter used for an air cleaner. This filter has a structure in which a filter material is sandwiched and held between two resin mesh frames.
JP 2002-113319 A

Incidentally, some filter materials carry a titanium oxide catalyst. When such a filter material is used, the filter material is used by irradiating the filter material with ultraviolet rays. However, as described above, when a resin filter frame is used, the resin filter frame is deteriorated by ultraviolet rays. There is also a problem that it is difficult to reuse the filter frame.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a filter frame and a filter that are excellent in ultraviolet resistance and can be reused.

  The filter frame according to the present invention includes a metal plate that is formed in a rectangular frame shape having a predetermined height and a pair of opposing plates of the frame. It comprises a wire material for supporting a filter material, which is detachably attached to the plate body and is attached in parallel to each other.

  Further, a through hole for inserting an end portion of each wire material is formed at a required position at a position where the pair of plate bodies facing each other of the frame are opposed to each other, and the wire material is positioned slightly inside from both ends thereof. The wire member has a large diameter portion that cannot pass through the through hole, and the wire material is elastically deformed and curved, and both ends are inserted into the through holes of the pair of plate bodies from the inside, and then elastically deformed. It is characterized by being attached between both plate bodies in a state in which both end portions are inserted into both through holes by releasing the straight line.

The large diameter portion is formed by crushing a wire material.
The wire material is attached to the frame body by alternately changing the height position, so that the filter material can be supported in a wave shape.

  In the filter according to the present invention, a sheet-like filter material is supported on the wire material so that the outer surface is in contact with the wire material, and both ends are opposed to the other of the frame body. It is stretched by being fixed to the plate.

Titanium oxide is supported on the filter material.
Further, the filter material carries a metal phthalocyanine derivative.
Moreover, platinum is supported on the filter material.

The filter material is characterized by comprising a silk fired body obtained by firing and carbonizing a silk material at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or lower.
The silk fired body contains 15 wt% or less of nitrogen element.
Further, the silk fired body is activated to form a large number of fine holes on the surface.

According to the filter frame of the present invention, since it is made of metal, it is excellent in UV resistance, and since the wire material is detachable, it can be easily reused.
Moreover, it is excellent in antimicrobial property by using the silk baking body which baked the silk raw material for the filter material. In addition, by supporting a catalyst such as titanium oxide or platinum on the filter material or by supporting a continuous phthalocinine derivative, adsorption, decomposition, and deodorization of harmful substances such as bad odor, exhaust gas, dioxin, VOC, and harmful air pollutants Excellent function.
In particular, by firing a silk material at a low temperature, flexibility is maintained, and the filter material can correspond to various shapes.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a filter frame and a filter according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a metal frame 10, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a wire material 12, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a structure for attaching a filter material 14 to the frame 10.

  The metal frame 10 is formed in a rectangular frame shape by a metal plate having a predetermined width made of SUS or the like. The frame 10 may be formed by abutting and welding four metal plates, or by bending one plate into a rectangular shape and then welding the ends. May be. In this manner, the frame body 10 having a height corresponding to the width of the plate body is formed.

A plurality of through-holes 20a and 20b penetrating the plate body are provided in the opposing pair of plate bodies 10a and 10b on one side of the frame body 10.
The pair of through holes 20 a and 20 b facing each other are formed by alternately changing the height position with respect to the frame body 10 with the pair of adjacent through holes 20 a and 20 b. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the through holes are provided in a staggered manner in each plate. Note that the present invention is not necessarily limited to those provided in a staggered pattern.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the wire material 12 has large-diameter portions 12 a and 12 b sized so as not to pass through the through holes 20 a and 20 b at positions slightly inside from both ends. The large diameter portions 12 a and 12 b can be easily formed by crushing the wire material 12. Of course, it may be formed by a method other than crushing, for example, a brazing material.

  The wire material 12 is elastically deformed and curved, and both end portions are inserted through the through holes 20a and 20b of the pair of plate bodies 10a and 10b from the inside, and then the elastic deformation is released to extend both straight lines. It is attached between both plate bodies in a state where both ends are inserted into the through holes 20a and 20b. As a result, both large diameter portions 12a, 12b are in a position where they substantially contact the inner wall surfaces of the plates 10a, 10b, and the large diameter portions 12a, 12b cannot be removed from the through holes 20a, 20b. It is held between both plate bodies 10a and 10b.

In order to remove the wire material 12 from the frame body 10, the wire material 12 may be bent to shorten its length, and its end portion may be removed from the through holes 20a and 20b.
In this way, the wire material 12 can be easily attached to and detached from the frame body 10 with one touch. In addition, after attaching the wire material 12 to the frame body 10, the wire material 12 may be fixed to the frame body 10 with, for example, an instantaneous adhesive. When removing, the instantaneous adhesive may be destroyed.

  In addition, the structure which makes the wire material 12 detachable with respect to the frame 10 by one touch is not restricted above. For example, a slit (not shown) having a required depth may be formed on the upper and lower edges of the frame body 10, and the end of the wire material 12 may be pushed into the slit so as to be detachably fixed with one touch.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a state in which the sheet-like filter material 14 is attached to the frame body 10.
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a metal pressing piece 22 that holds the filter material 14.
The filter material 14 is alternately wound around the wire material 12 so that the outer surface is in contact with the wire material 12 from the outside, and both ends are fixed to the other pair of plates 10c and 10d of the frame body 10. As a result, the frame 10 is stretched.

As shown in FIG. 5, the pressing piece 22 is fixed to the frame body 10 along the inner side of the one plate body 10 a, 10 b of the frame body 10 and presses the filter material 14.
That is, the pressing piece 22 has an L-shaped cross section including an outer pressing portion 22a and a fixing portion 22b in the cross section in the width direction, and both end portions in the longitudinal direction are bent to form the inner pressing portion 22c. ing.

  The pressing piece 22 is fixed to the respective plate bodies 10a and 10b by screws 24 in the fixing portion 22b (FIG. 3). At this time, the filter member 14 is pressed against the wire material 12 by the outer pressing portion 22a, and the wave shape is changed. The formed filter material 14 is prevented from shifting. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixing | fixed part 22b is notched suitably so that it may not become a spatial obstruction with respect to the filter material 14 and the wire material 14. FIG.

On the other hand, when the pressing piece 22 is fixed to the frame body 10 in this way, the inner pressing portion 22c presses the end portion of the filter material 14 against the inner wall surface of the other plate body 10c, 10d. . The end portion of the filter material 14 is adhered and fixed to the inner wall surface of the other plate 10c, 10d by an adhesive, but is reliably held and prevented from peeling by being pressed by the inner pressing portion 22c.
Note that the pressing piece 22 is not necessarily provided as a filter frame.

Next, although the material of the filter material 14 is not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a silk fired body obtained by firing and carbonizing a silk material at a temperature of 1000 ° C. or less.
In addition, it is preferable to use a filter material 14 that carries one or more catalysts such as titanium oxide and platinum.
Alternatively, it is preferable to use a filter material 14 that carries a metal phthalocyanine derivative together with or separately from these catalysts.
The filter according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the filter is formed.

Hereinafter, the silk fired body will be described.
The silk fired body is obtained by firing a silk material at a relatively low temperature of 1000 ° C. or lower.
Here, the silk material is a general term for woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, powders, cotton, yarns, and the like made of rabbits or wild silkworms. These are fired alone or in combination. When used as a filter material, it is preferable that a silk material made of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric in a sheet shape can be baked and used as it is.

  It is important that the firing temperature is 1000 ° C. or lower. The firing atmosphere is performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon gas or in a vacuum to prevent the silk material from burning and ashing.

The firing conditions are such that rapid firing is avoided and the firing is performed in a plurality of stages.
For example, in an inert gas atmosphere, the temperature is raised at a moderate temperature increase rate of 100 ° C./hour, preferably 50 ° C./hour or less until the first firing temperature (for example, 500 ° C.). Hold for several hours and perform primary firing. Next, after cooling to room temperature, the temperature is gradually raised to a secondary firing temperature (for example, 700 ° C.) at a moderate temperature increase rate of 100 ° C. or less, preferably 50 ° C. or less per hour. The secondary firing is performed for several hours. Then it is cooled. In addition, you may transfer to a secondary baking process continuously as it is, without cooling to normal temperature after primary baking, ie, continuously.
The firing conditions are not limited to the above, and can be appropriately changed depending on the type of silk material, the desired function of the silk fired body, and the like.

As described above, the baking is performed in a plurality of stages, the temperature is increased at a moderate temperature increase rate, and the baking is performed at a low temperature of 1000 ° C. or less. It has been found that rapid degradation of protein higher-order structures in which crystalline structures and crystalline structures are complicated is avoided, and various functions are produced particularly when a large amount of nitrogen components remain.
Moreover, by baking at a low temperature of 500 ° C. to 1000 ° C. or less, it is not graphitized, and a black glossy flexible (flexible) silk fired body is obtained.

FIG. 6 is a Raman spectrum diagram of a fired product when coarse-grained silk is fired at a high temperature of 2000 ° C. 2681cm ^-1, 1570cm ^-1, it is understood that graphitized since the peak at 1335cm ^-1 are observed.

  FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are Raman spectrum diagrams of fired products when coarse-grained silk is fired at 700 ° C., 1000 ° C., and 1400 ° C., respectively. When the firing temperature is 1400 ° C., the peak value is low, but the peaks at the three locations are seen. In the case of a calcination temperature of 1000 ° C. or less, since the above-mentioned remarkable peak is not seen, it is considered that almost no graphitization has occurred.

Table 1 shows the results of combustion / melting type elemental analysis of the fired silk of fired silk at 500 ° C. A large amount of nitrogen component remains at 13.7 wt%. If firing at a low temperature of about 400 ° C., a large amount of nitrogen component of 15.0 wt% or more remains.

Table 2 shows the results of combustion / melting type elemental analysis of a product obtained by activating silk fired body obtained by firing silkworm silk at 500 ° C. with steam at 750 ° C. Table 3 shows the results of combustion / melting type elemental analysis of a product obtained by activating silk fired body fired from rabbit silk at 500 ° C. with steam at 850 ° C.

In any case, the nitrogen component decreases by the activation treatment, but does not disappear. It is preferable that the nitrogen component remains about 15 wt% from the viewpoint of developing antibacterial properties, but even if 1 wt% remains, antibacterial properties occur.
Thus, in order for a nitrogen component to remain | survive, it is suitable to make the baking temperature of a silk raw material into the temperature range of 400 to 1000 degreeC as mentioned above.
In addition, the activation process of a silk baked body can be performed by exposing a silk baked body to high temperature water vapor | steam.
Alternatively, chemical activation such as KOH can be performed. Alternatively, the silk fired body may be activated by microwave treatment. This microwave treatment is performed by irradiating the silk fired body with microwaves (frequency: 2.45 GHz) for several minutes. When irradiating microwaves, it is advisable to sandwich the carbon material with an unglazed plate or the like in order to prevent the carbon material from burning and ashing. In the present invention, the activation treatment is not always necessary.

Table 4 shows the results of combustion / melting type elemental analysis of the fired silk of fired silkworm silk at 2000 ° C. The residual amount of nitrogen component became zero.

FIG. 10 is an FE-SEM photograph when the silk material is fired at 700 ° C. On the surface, there is a thin film that appears to be due to baking residues derived from amino acids such as elemental nitrogen.
On the other hand, FIG. 11 is an FE-SEM photograph when the silk material is fired at a high temperature of 2000 ° C., but the surface is clean and the presence of the film as described above is not recognized.

Table 5 shows the antibacterial test results of the fired product obtained by firing the rabbit woven fabric at 700 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere.
The test was conducted according to a JIS L 1902 quantitative test (unified test method).
Standard cotton cloth is used for unprocessed cloth. In the table, the number of unprocessed cloth bacteria indicates the number of bacteria grown by inoculating on unfired cloth.
In the table, for example, 2.2E + 04 is 2.2 × 10 ⁴ , and 4.3 is the logarithmic value thereof.

As is clear from Table 5, in the case of the unprocessed cloth, the bacteria greatly proliferated, but in the case of the baked sample cloth, it was found that all the bacteria were greatly reduced and had antibacterial action.
Thus, having an antibacterial action is due to the fact that a large amount of nitrogen derived from amino acids remains, particularly as described above, due to baking in multiple stages, a slow heating rate, and low temperature baking at 1000 ° C. or lower. I guess that.
Thus, since it has an antibacterial action, it can be suitably used as a mask material or the like.

As the filter material 14, it is preferable that a catalyst is further supported on the silk fired body obtained as described above.
As the catalyst, platinum, metal phthalocyanine derivatives, and titanium oxide are suitable.
This catalyst loading method can be carried out in a normal process.
For example, a silk fired body is immersed in a nitric acid solution or hydrogen peroxide water, pretreated and dried, and then a chloroplatinic acid solution is applied to the silk fired body, or the silk fired body is immersed in the solution to obtain silk. Platinum is supported on the fired body. Similarly, a metal phthalocyanine derivative or titanium oxide is sprayed on the surface of the silk fired body by spraying the pre-treated silk fired body with a metal phthalocyanine solution or a titanium oxide solution or immersing the silk fired body in these solutions. It is supported.
Moreover, before carrying | supporting these catalysts, the adsorption | suction function of a harmful | toxic substance can be exhibited more by activating a silk fired body surface, forming an unevenness | corrugation on the surface, and increasing a surface area. In addition, when the amount of adsorption normally becomes saturated, its adsorption ability will hardly be exhibited, but harmful substances adsorbed by the supported catalyst will be decomposed, so this adsorption function can be maintained semipermanently. It becomes.

The harmful substance decomposition function and the like of these catalysts are known. For example, in the case of platinum, the catalyst function is exhibited by heating to 100 ° C. or more, and almost all harmful substances are decomposed and deodorized. . In particular, it is effective for decomposing ammonia, trimethylamine, skatole, indoles, nicotine, acetaldehyde, phenols and the like.
In order to heat the filter material 14 carrying platinum, electrodes (not shown) are attached to both ends of the filter material 14 and the filter material 14 itself is heated by energizing through the electrodes. This is preferable.

As described above, the fired silk body obtained by firing at a low temperature of 1000 ° C. or lower is not graphitized as described above and has conductivity, but the conductivity is lower than that of graphite. Therefore, when energized, the resistance component generates heat by itself and the temperature rises.
According to the experiment, although it depends on the applied voltage, it rises instantaneously to about 120 ° C. in 1 to 2 seconds and rises to about 200 ° C. in about 7 seconds and stabilizes. Thus, there is an advantage of excellent thermal response.
In addition, even in the case of a silk fired body obtained by firing at a low temperature as described above, it has heat resistance up to a temperature of about 420 ° C., and does not decompose and become crumbly.

  For example, in the case of a fan heater that uses kerosene, it usually takes several seconds until the ignition after turning on the switch. During that time, an unpleasant odor due to fuel gas is emitted. If the filter equipped with 14 is placed in the exhaust gas passage of the fan heater and the filter is energized as soon as the fan heater is turned on, the temperature rises instantaneously and the catalytic function is exerted, and the odor of the fuel gas Ingredients are decomposed and deodorized.

Next, when a metal phthalocyanine derivative is supported as a catalyst, it exhibits a catalytic action at room temperature. In the case of a metal phthalocyanine derivative, it is particularly suitable for decomposing sulfur compounds, and is suitable for decomposing and deodorizing methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, disulfide, skatole, nicotine, acetaldehyde, phenols and the like.
Further, when titanium oxide is used as a catalyst, almost all harmful substances are decomposed and deodorized in the presence of ultraviolet rays, as is well known. In particular, it is effective for decomposing and deodorizing methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, skatole, ammonia, trimethylamine, disulfide, nicotine and the like. When titanium oxide is used, it is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. However, as described above, by using a metal filter frame, it is not deteriorated by ultraviolet irradiation and can be reused.

The silk material is heated in a nitrogen gas atmosphere to a primary firing temperature (450 ° C.) at a moderate temperature increase rate of about 50 ° C. per hour, and kept at this primary firing temperature for 5 hours to perform the primary. Baked. Next, after cooling to room temperature, the temperature is raised to a secondary firing temperature (700 ° C.) in a nitrogen gas atmosphere at a moderate temperature increase rate of about 50 ° C. per hour. Secondary firing was performed for 5 hours. Subsequently, it was cooled to obtain a silk fired body shown in FIG.
When this silk fired body was exposed to water vapor at 850 ° C. and activated, many fine holes (diameter of about 0.1 nm to several tens of nm) were formed on the surface of the silk fired body, and the surface area was increased about 1000 times. I was able to.
After the silk fired body is immersed in a nitric acid solution or hydrogen peroxide solution and pretreated, as described above, a chloroplatinic acid solution, a metal phthalocyanine solution, or a titanium oxide solution is applied to the silk fired body, The filter material carrying these catalysts was obtained by spraying or immersing the silk fired body in these containers and drying.
All of these filter materials exhibited the functions of adsorbing, decomposing and deodorizing harmful substances.

Tobacco spear (tar component) was attached to the calcined silk body in which platinum was supported as a catalyst as described above and the calcined silk body in which no catalyst was supported.
In the experiment, cigarettes were burned in a sealed box, and the cigarette dust adhered to each of the silk fired bodies (platinum not supported, platinum 3 wt% supported, platinum 0.3 wt% supported) placed in the box together I let you. Then, the silk fired body to which this sprinkle is attached is housed in another bag, and an electric heating jig (not shown) is mounted and heated, and the gas generated thereby is analyzed by gas chromatography. .
12 shows a case of a silk fired body not carrying platinum, FIG. 13 shows a case of a silk fired body carrying 3 wt% platinum, and FIG. 14 shows a case of a silk fired body carrying 0.3 wt% platinum. In the case where platinum is not supported (FIG. 12), the dust adhering to the silk fired body is generated as a gas by heating. That is, Yani is not decomposed. On the other hand, in the case of carrying platinum, especially in the case of carrying 3 wt%, it can be seen that the platinum catalyst exhibits catalytic activity by heating, the crack is decomposed, and almost no gas is generated (FIG. 13). .

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the hydrogen sulfide gas adsorption concentration curve by the silk fired body supporting the metal phthalocyanine derivative as a catalyst and the silk fired body not supporting the catalyst as described above.
In this experiment, a very small amount of a silk fired body was put in a 5-liter test bag, a predetermined concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas was introduced into the bag, and the change in the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas after a lapse of a predetermined time was examined. .
As can be seen from FIG. 15, the silk fired body supporting phthalocyanine has a higher hydrogen sulfide gas adsorption and decomposition rate than the silk fired body not supporting phthalocyanine. Further, when the hydrogen sulfide gas is again introduced into the bag when the concentration reaches 0 ppm, the silk calcined body carrying phthalocyanine maintains a state where the adsorption and decomposition rate of hydrogen sulfide gas is faster. I found out.

It is a perspective view of a metal frame. It is explanatory drawing of a wire material. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the attachment structure of the filter material to a frame. It is a fragmentary perspective view of a pressing piece. It is a top view of a metal frame. It is a Raman spectrum figure of a baked material at the time of baking coarse grain silk at the high temperature of 2000 degreeC. It is a Raman spectrum figure of a baked material at the time of baking coarse grain silk at the high temperature of 700 degreeC. It is a Raman spectrum figure of a baked product at the time of baking coarse grain silk at the high temperature of 1000 degreeC. It is a Raman spectrum figure of a baked product at the time of baking coarse grain silk at the high temperature of 1400 degreeC. It is a FE-SEM photograph figure at the time of baking a silk raw material at 700 degreeC. It is a FE-SEM photograph figure at the time of baking a silk raw material at 2000 degreeC. The gas chromatography of the gas component which generate | occur | produces from the cigarette smoke is shown (in the case of the silk unsupported silk calcined body). The gas chromatography of the gas component which generate | occur | produces from the cigarette of a tobacco is shown (in the case of the silk sintered body carrying | supporting platinum 3wt%). The gas chromatography of the gas component which generate | occur | produces from the cigarette smoke is shown (in the case of the silk calcined body carrying | supporting 0.3 wt% of platinum). It is a graph which shows hydrogen sulfide gas adsorption | suction and a decomposition characteristic with and without carrying | supporting a phthalocyanine on the silk baking body.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Frame 12 Wire material 12a, 12b Large diameter part 14 Filter material 20 Through-hole 22 Pressing piece

Claims (11)

A metal plate that is formed into a rectangular frame having a predetermined height; and
A wire material for supporting a filter material, which is detachably attached to the plate body in parallel with each other across a pair of opposing plate bodies of the frame body, is provided. Filter frame. A through hole for inserting an end portion of each wire material is formed at a required position at a position where the pair of plate bodies opposed to the frame body are opposed to each other,
The wire material has a large-diameter portion of a size that cannot pass through the through hole at a position slightly inward from both ends thereof, the wire material is elastically deformed and curved, and both ends are paired with the pair of plate bodies. After being inserted into the through-hole from the inside, the elastic deformation is released to form a straight line, and the both end portions are inserted into both the through-holes so as to be attached between the two plate bodies. The filter frame according to 1.   The filter frame according to claim 2, wherein the large-diameter portion is formed by crushing a wire material.   The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wire material is attached to the frame body by alternately changing the height position so that the filter material can be supported in a wave shape. frame.   The filter frame according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sheet-like filter material is supported by the wire material such that an outer surface is in contact with the wire material, and both ends are opposed to the other of the frame body. A filter that is stretched by being fixed to a pair of plates.   The filter according to claim 5, wherein titanium oxide is supported on the filter material.   The filter according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a metal phthalocyanine derivative is supported on the filter material.   The filter according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein platinum is supported on the filter material.   The filter according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the filter material comprises a silk fired body obtained by firing and carbonizing a silk material at a temperature of 1000 ° C or lower.   The filter according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the silk fired body contains 15 wt% or less of nitrogen element.   The filter according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the fired silk body is subjected to an activation treatment to form a number of fine holes on a surface thereof.