JP2000065312A - High temperature steam generator, treating apparatus using high temperature steam and method for dechlorinating organic chlorine-containing material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To raise steam to an ultra-high temperature range of a specific temperature of higher by installing a plurality of heaters for heating by an electromagnetic induction in a passage of a nonmagnetic material, and forming a rearmost stage heater of the heaters of a heater containing carbon. SOLUTION: An electromagnetic induction heating means 3 has a first electromagnetic induction heater 5 for heating steam to a superheating region, and a second electromagnetic induction heater 6 for further superheating steam of the superheating region to an ultra-high temperature superheating region. The heaters 5, 6 form a fluid passage 12 of a plurality of pipes 7 made of nonmagnetic material connected between a steam generating means 2 and a treating means 4, and a plurality of heating materials 8 to 11 made of a conductive material are installed in the passage 12. The materials 9 to 11 of the heater 6 are formed of a carbon and ceramic composite material containing about 60% of carbon, about 30% of silicon carbide and about 10% of boron carbide.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-temperature steam generator that raises steam to an extremely high temperature range by using a heating element that generates heat by electromagnetic induction, a processing apparatus using high-temperature steam, and an organic chlorine-containing material. It relates to the dechlorination method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a technique for raising the temperature of water vapor, there is a technique using electromagnetic induction heating as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-135903. The schematic configuration is such that a metal body is immersed in water in an evaporation chamber in which a coil is wound, and water is turned into water vapor by flowing an alternating current through the coil to generate heat. Subsequently, the steam is heated by passing through a metal foam that generates heat by electromagnetic induction. As another technique, there is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-241732. The schematic configuration is a superheated steam generator that evaporates water with a steam boiler and further heats the evaporated steam by burning fuel.

[0003]

Meanwhile, as awareness of environmental issues has increased in recent years, recycling of waste and countermeasures for environmental pollution such as odors have been carried out using superheated steam of a predetermined component in an ultra-high temperature range of 500 ° C. or more. Things to do are being considered. However, in the conventional electromagnetic induction heating technology, the application is used for thawing food for home or business use, cooking or food processing such as bread, and it is sufficient if the temperature rise of steam is at most about 300 ° C. is there. Therefore,
If a heating element for raising the temperature of steam is made of metal, steam at a temperature suitable for the intended use can be obtained. However, even if a metal foam that generates heat by electromagnetic induction is applied to a material that raises the temperature of water vapor to an extremely high temperature range of, for example, 500 ° C. or more, the temperature can be raised only to a temperature determined by the magnetic properties of the metal. In the technology of raising the temperature of steam by fuel combustion, the temperature can be increased to an ultra-high temperature range of 500 ° C. or higher by heating the steam under a predetermined pressure. In addition, the size of the apparatus itself increases, and the combustion of fuel has an adverse effect on the environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to address the above-described problems, and has been made in view of the above circumstances. A high-temperature steam generator capable of raising the temperature of a steam to an ultra-high temperature range of 500 ° C. or more by a heating element heated by electromagnetic induction, It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing apparatus used and a method for dechlorinating organic chlorine-containing substances.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-temperature steam generating apparatus comprising: a steam generating means; and an electromagnetic induction heating means for providing a plurality of heating elements which generate heat by electromagnetic induction in a passage of a non-magnetic material. At least the last stage is a heating element containing carbon. The electromagnetic induction heating means is provided with a metal heating element that generates heat by electromagnetic induction in the passage,
A first electromagnetic induction heating unit for heating the steam from the steam heating unit and a heating element containing carbon that generates heat by electromagnetic induction are installed in the passage, and the steam from the first electromagnetic induction heating unit is further heated. The second electromagnetic induction portion is provided (claim 2). Further, the first electromagnetic induction heating section can heat the heating element to a temperature determined by the magnetic properties of the metal, and the second electromagnetic induction heating section can heat the heating element to 500 ° C. or higher ( Claim 3). If the heating element of at least the last stage or the second electromagnetic induction section of the electromagnetic induction heating means is made of carbon, the heating element can generate heat up to 1200 ° C. at atmospheric pressure. Therefore, it is possible to raise the temperature of the steam stepwise by the plurality of heating elements to an extremely high temperature range exceeding 1200 ° C.

As the carbon-containing heating element, conductivity, heat resistance, electric resistivity of about 800 to 3500 μΩcm,
A special carbon composite material with oxidation resistance, for example,
It is formed of a carbon-ceramic composite material having an electrical resistivity of 2400 μΩcm, about 60% carbon, about 30% silicon carbide, and about 10% boron carbide. Carbon is electrically conductive and can be subjected to electromagnetic induction heating up to a high temperature range, but it burns and disappears when oxygen is present. When steam is heated to a high temperature range of 500 ° C. or higher, it is expected that the molecular structure will be in an activated state in which the molecular structure is partially cut, and carbon may be oxidized and consumed by the high-temperature steam. Therefore, carbon composite material with conductivity, heat resistance, and oxidation resistance is obtained by composite such as covering carbon with ceramics having heat resistance and oxidation resistance. Steam can be heated up to high temperatures. However, if it is a carbon composite material that can be used at present, it can be heated to about 1200 ° C., so that the vapor is heated by a metal heating element, and then gradually heated to about 1200 ° C. by a carbon-containing heating element. it can. Particularly, in the first electromagnetic induction heating section, when the temperature of water vapor is raised to a temperature determined by the magnetic properties of the metal, the heat transfer area can be increased, and rapid heating becomes possible.
The second electromagnetic induction heating section including the carbon-containing heating element heats the steam beyond the temperature rising limit (for example, 500 ° C.) of the first electromagnetic induction heating section including the metal heating element. In this way, when steam in a high temperature range of 500 ° C. or higher is heated by electromagnetic induction in a short period of time, rapid superheating and the action of a high-frequency magnetic field are expected to significantly add the fineness and mobility of steam particles to an activated state. In addition, a reduction action and a carbonization action are exhibited, and various processes can be performed more efficiently than a normal gas body.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing apparatus using high temperature steam, comprising: a steam generating means for converting water into steam;
A first electromagnetic induction heating unit that arranges a metal heating element that generates heat by electromagnetic induction in a passage formed of a nonmagnetic material so that the water vapor passes therethrough, and heats the water vapor from the water vapor generation means; A heating element containing carbon that generates heat by electromagnetic induction is installed therein, a second electromagnetic induction heating section for further heating the steam from the first electromagnetic induction heating section, and a steam heated by the second electromagnetic induction heating section. And a processing means for exposing the object to an object to be processed. The heating element containing carbon is formed of the carbon-ceramic composite material described above. After the steam is rapidly heated by the first electromagnetic induction heating means, the steam is heated to an ultrahigh temperature range exceeding 1200 ° C. by the second electromagnetic induction heating unit. In particular, due to the effects of rapid overheating and high-frequency magnetic fields,
It is expected that refining and mobility of the steam particles will be remarkably added, and they exhibit a reducing action and a carbonizing action. By exposing the steam in the ultra-high temperature range to the object to be processed, various processes such as decomposition, carbonization, drying, and washing can be performed quickly and efficiently.

[0008] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing apparatus using high-temperature steam, comprising: a steam generating means for converting water into steam;
Gas introducing means for introducing the gas to be treated, and a metal heating element which generates heat by electromagnetic induction in a passage formed of a non-magnetic material so that the water vapor passes therethrough, wherein the water vapor generating means and the gas introducing means A first electromagnetic induction heating unit for heating a mixed gas of water vapor and the gas to be processed from the air, and a heating element containing carbon generating heat by electromagnetic induction in the passage, and heated by the first electromagnetic induction heating unit A second electromagnetic induction heating unit for further heating the mixed gas. The heating element containing carbon is formed of the carbon-ceramic composite material described above. By mixing the gas to be treated with the water vapor, the water vapor is used as a carrier for carrying the gas to be treated from the gas introduction section to each electromagnetic induction heating section. By heating a mixed gas of a gas to be treated such as an off-flavor gas and water vapor with each electromagnetic induction heating unit, a specific component of the gas to be treated such as an off-flavor gas can be decomposed to perform a process such as deodorization. In particular, it is expected that the rapid heating and the action of the high-frequency magnetic field will significantly reduce the size and mobility of the steam particles, exhibit a reducing action and a carbonizing action, and by using this steam as a carrier,
Decomposition processing of the gas to be processed is efficiently performed.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method for dechlorinating an organic chlorine-containing substance, the organic chlorine-containing substance is subjected to a dechlorination treatment by exposing the organic chlorine-containing substance to high-temperature steam of 500 ° C. or higher in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Things. By heating the organic chlorine-containing substance to 500 ° C. or higher in an oxygen-free atmosphere, chlorine in the organic chlorine-containing substance can be decomposed and volatilized, and dechlorination can be performed efficiently. In particular, when the organic chlorine-containing substance is heated to 700 ° C. or higher using high-temperature steam of 700 ° C. or higher, chlorine can be almost completely removed (claim 7).

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A high-temperature steam generator, a processing apparatus using high-temperature steam and a method for dechlorinating organic chlorine-containing substances according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The high-temperature steam generator or processing apparatus 1 shown in FIG.
Is composed of steam generating means 2 for converting water into steam, electromagnetic induction heating means 3 for heating steam in a stepwise manner, and processing means 4 for treating the workpiece 20 with steam. The steam generating means 2 heats water by electromagnetic induction heating to generate steam, and also generates steam by various heating means such as a boiler.

As shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic induction heating means 3 includes a first electromagnetic induction heating section 5 for heating steam to a superheated region (about 100 to 500 ° C.), and a superheated superheated steam for superheated region. And a second electromagnetic induction heating unit 6 for heating up to a temperature range (about 500 to 1200 ° C., in some cases 1200 ° C. or more). Each of the electromagnetic induction heating units 5 and 6 is provided with a steam generating means 2.
And a plurality of non-magnetic pipes 7 connected between the processing means 4
A fluid passage 12 is formed in the fluid passage 12, and a plurality of heating elements 8 to 11 made of a conductive material are provided in the fluid passage 12. Each pipe 7
The coil 13 is wound around the outer periphery of the heater and at a position facing the heating elements 8 to 11. Further, since each pipe 7 holds the coil 13, partitions the fluid passage 12, and installs the heating elements 8 to 11 in the fluid passage 12, corrosion resistance, heat resistance,
It is made of a non-magnetic material having pressure resistance. Specifically, an inorganic material such as ceramics, a resin material such as FRP (fiber reinforced plastic), a fluorine resin, a non-magnetic metal such as stainless steel, or the like is used as a pipe material. Coil 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes a twisted litz wire with low loss or the like, which is connected to the inverter control circuit 14. The inverter control circuit 14 receives power from the AC power supply and applies a desired high-frequency current to the coil 13. As shown in FIG. 2, a heat insulating material 21 is interposed between each pipe 7 of the second electromagnetic induction heating unit 6 and the coil 13. In addition, since the coil 13 used for the second electromagnetic induction heating unit 6 is heated to 1200 ° C., it is preferable to use a pipe-shaped copper coil that can actually circulate cooling water.

The heating element 8 of the first electromagnetic induction heating section 5 is provided in a fluid passage 12 in the pipe 7 so as to pass the steam sent from the steam generating means 2. This heating element 8
As shown in FIG. 3, the first metal plate 31 and the flat second metal plate 32 bent in a zigzag mountain shape are alternately laminated as shown in FIG. 3 to form a cylindrical laminate as a whole. It is. The material of each of the metal plates 31 and 32 is SUS44
Martensitic stainless steel such as 7J1 is used.

As shown in FIG. 4, the heating element 8 has a peak (or valley) 33 of the first metal plate 31 at an angle α with respect to a central axis 34.
And the peaks (or valleys) 33 of the first metal plates 31 adjacent to each other across the second metal plate 32 are disposed so as to intersect. Then, at the intersection of the peaks (or valleys) 33 of the adjacent first metal plates 31, the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are welded by spot welding and joined to be electrically conductive.

Thus, between the outermost first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32, the first small flow path 35 inclined by the angle α is provided.
Is formed, and a second small flow path 36 inclined by an angle -α is formed between the next second metal plate 32 and the first metal plate 31,
The first small flow path 35 and the second small flow path 36 intersect at an angle of 2 × α. In addition, the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32
Hole 3 as third small channel for generating turbulent flow of fluid
7 are formed. Further, the surfaces of the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 are not smooth, and are provided with minute unevenness 38 by matte finish or embossing. This unevenness 38
Is negligibly small compared to the height of the peak (or valley) 33 (see FIG. 4).

With this configuration, when a high-frequency current is applied to the coil 13 to apply a high-frequency magnetic field to the heating element 8, the entirety of the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 that are obliquely arranged to cross the lines of magnetic force is formed. An eddy current is generated in the heating element 8 to generate heat. At this time, the temperature distribution is in the shape of an eyeball extending in the longitudinal direction of the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32. Heat is generated in the central portion from the outer peripheral portion, and the steam is heated in the central portion. Has become advantageous. Further, the heating element 8 is formed of each metal plate 3.
It is possible to generate heat up to a temperature (about 600 ° C.) determined by magnetic characteristics (Curie point) of SUS447J1 or the like forming the first and the second 32.

Also, as shown in FIG.
Water vapor is diffused between the peripheral portion and the central portion in the small flow passage 35 and the second small flow passage 36. In addition, the presence of the hole 37 serving as the third small flow passage causes the first small flow passage 35 and the second small flow passage 36 to diffuse. Diffusion in the thickness direction between the flow paths 36 is also performed. Therefore, each of the small channels 35, 36, 3
7, macroscopic diffusion, emission and volatilization of water vapor over the entire heating element 8 are generated, and fine irregularities 3 on the surface.
8 also causes micro diffusion, emission and volatilization. As a result, the steam passing through the heating element 8 becomes a substantially uniform flow, and a uniform opportunity of contact between the first metal plate 31 and the second metal plate 32 and the steam is provided, and uniform heating is ensured.
The temperature is raised to about 0 to 500 ° C.

In the heating element 8, the thickness of each of the metal plates 31, 32 is 30 μm or more and 1 mm or less, and the frequency of the high-frequency current by the inverter control circuit 14 is 15 μm.
It is preferable to set the range to 150 KHz. When the thickness of each of the metal plates 31 and 32 is 30 μm or more and 1 mm or less, electric power is easily applied, and a large heat transfer area can be obtained, so that it is easy to secure the small flow paths 35 and 36 by processing a waveform or the like. When the frequency is in the range of 15 to 150 KHz, the loss of the coil 7 and the loss of the switching element can be reduced.
In particular, the frequency band in which the loss is small is 20 to 70 KHz. Further, it is preferable that the heat transfer area per cubic centimeter of the heating element 8 be 2.5 square centimeters or more. When the metal plates 31 and 32 are stacked such that the surface area per cubic centimeter of the heating element 8 is 2.5 square centimeters or more, particularly 5 square centimeters or more, the efficiency of heat exchange can be increased. It is preferable that the amount of water vapor to be heated per square centimeter of the surface area of the heating element 8 is 0.4 cubic centimeter or less. When the fluid amount per square centimeter of the surface area of the heating element 8 is 0.4 cubic centimeter or less, particularly 0.1 cubic centimeter or less, rapid response of heat transfer to water vapor can be obtained. In the heating by the heating element 8 having the above-described configuration, it has been confirmed that the conversion efficiency from electric energy to heat energy is as high as 92%.
For example, a diameter of 100 mm, a length of 200 mm, and a surface area of 2.2 to
When the heating element 8 of 6.2 m ² is used, the thickness of the fluid (1 c
(the amount of water film per m ³ ) is extremely thin, 0.5 to 0.2 mm, and the metal plates 31 and 32 constituting the heating element 8 are also thin, so that the temperature difference is extremely small and heat transfer is quickly promoted. it can. The structure of the heating element 8 is not limited to this, but may be any as long as it can raise the temperature of steam to an appropriate temperature (about 500 ° C.).

Heating elements 9 to 11 of the second electromagnetic induction heating section 6
Is made of a material that can be heated to a high temperature by electromagnetic induction heating and can maintain its shape, and has an electrical resistivity of 800 to 3
It is formed in a columnar shape with a special ceramic of about 500 μΩcm, for example, a carbon / ceramic composite material having an electric resistivity of 2400 μΩcm, about 60% carbon, about 30% silicon carbide, and about 10% boron carbide. As shown in FIG. 5, the heating elements 9 to 11 are formed with a large number of passage holes 15 through which the water vapor heated by the heating element 8 of the first electromagnetic induction section 5 passes. The heating elements 9 and 10 are connected to each other and installed in a fluid passage 12 in the pipe 7 so as to allow water vapor to pass from the heating element 9. The heating element 11 is provided in a fluid passage 12 in the pipe 7 so as to allow the steam heated by the heating elements 9 and 10 to pass therethrough.

In order to sufficiently heat the steam,
It is preferable that the outer periphery of each of the heating elements 9 to 11 is fitted and installed in each of the pipes 7 so that the water vapor passes through each of the passage holes 15 and makes sufficient contact with each of the heating elements 9 to 11. The structure of the heating elements 9 to 11 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 5, but a plate-like body having a predetermined thickness and different sizes may be spaced apart along the axial direction of the fluid passage 12. A plurality of cylindrical or prismatic members are provided along the axial direction of the fluid passage 12, a plurality of cylindrical or prismatic members are provided in the fluid passage 12 with a chip of a conductive material stored in a non-magnetic container, and A plurality of cylinders are installed at an interval, and a cylindrical one is
2 may be installed along the axial direction.

With this configuration, when a high-frequency current is applied to the coil 13 to apply a high-frequency magnetic field to the heating elements 9 to 11, an eddy current is generated, and the heating elements 9 to 11 generate heat. Each of the heating elements 9 to 11 can be heated up to about 1200 ° C. and has excellent heat resistance, so that it hardly deteriorates even in the air. Then, the steam heated by the heating element 8 of the first electromagnetic induction section 5 is sufficiently heated while passing through the passage holes 15 of the heating elements 9 to 11 and reaches an arbitrary temperature up to a predetermined temperature exceeding 1200 ° C. The temperature is raised to reach the processing section 4. Further, the electrical resistivity of each of the heating elements 9 to 11 may be different from the number of the passage holes 15. Specifically, the heating element 9 has an electrical specific resistance of 1400 μΩcm and the number of passage holes 15 is 21. Each of the heating elements 10 and 11 has an electrical specific resistance of 2400 μΩcm and the number of passage holes 15 is 25. Thus, the first electromagnetic induction heating unit 5
The steam from the heating element 8 can be heated stepwise to a temperature exceeding 1200 ° C. by the heating elements 9 to 11.

The temperature of the steam heated by the heating elements 8 to 11 is controlled based on temperature detection by a plurality of temperature sensors 17 to 19. Each of the temperature sensors 17 to 19 is disposed between the heating elements 8 and 9, between the heating elements 10 and 11, and between the heating element 10 and the processing unit 4, and detects the temperature of steam flowing out of each of the heating elements 8, 10 and 11. To detect. And each sensor 1
By controlling the high-frequency current to the coil 13 of each of the heating elements 8 to 11 by the inverter control circuit 14 based on the detection results of 7 to 19, the heating temperature of the steam is appropriately controlled.

As described above, according to the high-temperature steam generator 1 of the present invention, the steam is cooled to an arbitrary temperature of 500 ° C. to 1200 ° C. under 1.0 to 1.5 atm close to the atmospheric pressure (normal pressure). Since the temperature can be raised, the processing apparatus using the high-temperature steam can process the workpiece 20 to be processed. As specific examples of the temperature of the steam for processing each treatment and the object to be treated 20, the following aspects (1) to (4) can be considered.

Waste plastic dechlorination treatment: In order to recycle chlorine-containing waste plastic, dechlorination and volume reduction treatment are performed. The temperature of the water vapor exposed to the waste plastic as the object 20 is 650 to 800 ° C. Food residue treatment: Drying and carbonization treatment including deodorization of food residue and waste. The temperature of the steam exposed to the food residue, which is the object to be processed 20, is 500 to 800 ° C. PET and fluororesin residue treatment: Performs reductive decomposition and carbonization treatment of PET and fluororesin residues. The temperature of water vapor exposed to PET or the like to be processed 20 is 800 to
900 ° C. Stone cleaning process: Cleaning stone outer walls. The water vapor temperature exposed to the stone as the object to be processed 20 is 400 to 6
00 ° C. Carbonization treatment: Plants such as flowers and bamboo, plastic coated paper cups, dust paper, etc., C (carbon), H
Carbonization is performed while maintaining the shape of any organic substance mainly composed of (hydrogen) and O (oxygen). The temperature of water vapor exposed to the organic matter as the object to be processed 20 is 300 to 500 ° C. At this time, ceramic heating elements 9 to 11 were used.
This can be done without using carbon (only carbon).

After the object 20 is accommodated in the processing means 4, the steam in the ultrahigh temperature range, which has been heated to a temperature corresponding to each of the above-mentioned processes by the electromagnetic induction heating means 3, is applied to the object 20. When exposed (sprayed), various processes can be executed by the carbonizing action, the reducing action, and the like by the high-temperature steam. In addition, since the time required for the steam in the ultra-high temperature region to rise to the temperature is extremely short, it is expected that the mobility of the steam particles will be significantly reduced by the action of the rapid superheating and the high-frequency magnetic field. The above processes (1) to (4) are efficiently performed using such steam. Particularly, in recent years, with increasing awareness of environmental issues, it can be applied to applications related to energy saving, resource saving, recycling, and measures against environmental pollution. Further, since the temperature of steam can be raised to about 1100 ° C. under environmental conditions of about 1 to 1.5 atm, which is a pressure close to atmospheric pressure (normal pressure), a compact device can be provided.

In addition to performing various treatments using the high-temperature steam raised in the high-temperature steam apparatus 1, as shown in FIG. The deodorizing treatment may be performed by heating in step 3. 6 differs from FIG. 1 in that a gas introducing means 25 for introducing an off-flavor gas or the like is connected to the pipe 7 between the steam generating means 2 and the first electromagnetic induction heating unit 5, and the processing means 4 is not provided. Is a point. The off-flavor gas introduced from the gas introducing means 25 into the pipe 7 is mixed with the steam from the steam generating means 2 and is carried to the electromagnetic induction heating means 3 using the steam as a carrier. Then, a mixed gas of steam and odorous gas is supplied to each heating element 8.
11 to deodorize by decomposing odor components of the malodorous gas, such as ammonia, phenol, and aniline. The breath component of the odorous gas is 650 to
Since it is decomposed at 700 ° C., the temperature rise of the mixed gas by each of the heating elements 8 to 11 is maintained at 750 ° C. or more. The deodorized mixed gas is exhausted from the pipe 7 into the atmosphere or the like. Even in this case, since the mixed gas containing water vapor has a very short time until the temperature rises, the rapid heating and the action of the high-frequency magnetic field significantly reduce the mobility of the vapor particles. It is expected that it exhibits a reducing action and a carbonizing action, and the deodorizing treatment is efficiently performed using such steam.

Further, in the second electromagnetic induction heating section 6, the case where the number of the heating elements 9 to 11 is three has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. You may. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, the plurality of heating elements are provided in order to ensure that steam has a temperature corresponding to each of the above-mentioned processes or deodorizing treatment. The steam can be heated up to 1100 ° C. only by the body 9. In addition, steam at 1100 ° C
However, the present invention is not limited to this. By changing the electrical specific resistance of each of the heating elements 9 to 11, the content ratio of carbon, silicon carbide, and boron carbide, the temperature can be increased to 1100 ° C. or more. It is also possible to raise the temperature to a high temperature range.

Further, as the steam generating means 2, water may be converted into steam by using a heating element 8 similar to the first electromagnetic induction heating section 5.

Although steam has been described as a medium to be heated by each of the heating elements 8 to 11 of the electromagnetic induction means 3, it is not limited to this, and a mixed gas of steam and nitrogen gas, an inert gas, etc. It may be heated and then subjected to the above-mentioned treatments and deodorization treatment.

The method for dechlorinating an organic chlorine-containing substance according to the present invention will be described. The dechlorination method according to the present invention is a method in which an organic chlorine compound such as PCB, organic chlorinated substances such as incineration ash containing dioxin and dioxin, and waste plastic are converted into an oxygen-free atmosphere using high-temperature steam of 500 ° C. or higher (superheat (Steam) to dechlorinate. The higher the temperature, the higher the processing efficiency, so that the temperature is 700 ° C or higher, 800 ° C or higher, 900 ° C or higher, 1000 ° C or higher,
Preferably, the temperature is as high as 100 ° C. or higher. Note that the oxygen-free atmosphere includes a case in which an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon is used in addition to a state without oxygen. In order to realize this dechlorination method, high-temperature steam of 500 ° C. or more is generated by the high-temperature steam device 1 shown in FIGS. It is preferable to subject the chlorine-containing substance to high-temperature steam in an oxygen-free atmosphere in the processing means 4 to perform a dechlorination treatment. However, the high-temperature steam of 500 ° C. or more is not limited to the one generated by the high-temperature steam device of FIGS. 1 to 7, and may be generated by various heating means such as a boiler in addition to conventional electromagnetic induction heating. Is also good. In addition, it is preferable that the method of exposure to high-temperature steam is different for each phase (fixed, liquid, powder, etc.) of the organic chlorine-containing substance. For solids, it is placed on a plate in the processor 4 and exposed to high-temperature steam. For the liquid phase, an organic chlorine-containing liquid is placed in a container, and high-temperature steam is introduced into the liquid. And placed high temperature steam from below the screen.

[0031]

Next, Experimental Examples 1 and 2 in which an organic chlorine-containing substance was subjected to dechlorination by the dechlorination method according to the present invention will be described.

A: Experimental Example 1 The conditions of Experimental Example 1 were as follows.
g (about 50 mm) divided into two parts was used. High temperature steam (processing temperature) for hard vinyl chloride
Were set to 300 ° C., 500 ° C., and 700 ° C., respectively. 180 seconds processing time for hard PVC pipe,
The conditions were 600 seconds and 1200 seconds. In Experimental Example 1, the amount of chlorine remaining in the treated hard vinyl chloride was measured and analyzed by a bomb potentiometric titration method, and the results are shown in FIG. 8A. FIG. 8 (a)
The dechlorination ratio in the medium is a ratio of a value obtained by subtracting the residual chlorine amount g after the treatment from the chlorine amount g of the hard vinyl chloride tube (blank) before the treatment to the blank chlorine amount g. FIG.
In (a), it is found that the tendency of the dechlorination rate is more remarkable as the temperature of the high-temperature steam with respect to the hard vinyl chloride is higher, and the dechlorination rate is lower at 300 ° C. or lower. Looking at the treatment at 700 ° C.,
Although there is a clear difference in the dechlorination rate between 0 and 600 seconds, there is almost no difference between 600 and 1200 seconds. From this, it is predicted that there is a limit in the dechlorination rate (dechlorination treatment) for each temperature range. For example, in a treatment at 700 ° C., the limit is a treatment time of 600 seconds or less.

B: Experimental Example 2 The conditions of Experimental Example 2 were such that a 30 g (about 50 mm) hard vinyl chloride pipe divided into two was used as an organic chlorine-containing substance (object to be processed). 300 ℃ of high temperature steam for hard vinyl chloride,
The conditions were 500 ° C. and 700 ° C. The processing time for the hard vinyl chloride tube was 165 seconds. In Experimental Example 2, the volatile gas being processed was sampled for 60 seconds, and the amount of chlorine with respect to the volatile gas was measured according to JIS K.
0106 "Chlorine analysis in exhaust gas-O-tolidine absorption spectrophotometry" was measured and analyzed, and the amount of chlorine remaining in the treated hard vinyl chloride was measured and analyzed by a bomb potentiometric titration method. It is shown in FIG. FIG.
The dechlorination ratio in (b) is a ratio of a value obtained by subtracting the residual chlorine amount g after the treatment from the chlorine amount g of the rigid vinyl chloride tube (blank) before the treatment to the blank chlorine amount g. In FIG. 8 (b), the tendency of the dechlorination rate is more remarkable as the temperature of the high-temperature steam with respect to the hard vinyl chloride is higher, and the dechlorination rate is lower at 300 ° C. or lower. Further, the chlorine amount with respect to the volatile gas becomes remarkable in the treatment at 700 ° C.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the dechlorination rate (%) and the treatment temperature (° C.), which are the experimental results of Experimental Examples 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. 9, every processing time for hard vinyl chloride, for example, 165 seconds, 60
Every 0 seconds, the relationship between the dechlorination rate (%) and the treatment temperature (° C.) can be approximated to linear equations (proportional lines) a and b. This is the same as in Experimental Example 1 and 30 in Experimental Example 1.
The dechlorination rate (%) at temperatures other than 0 ° C., 500 ° C. and 700 ° C. can be made predictable. If the processing time for hard vinyl chloride is the same, the higher the processing temperature, the higher the dechlorination rate (%).

From the results of Experimental Examples 1 and 2, dechlorination of hard vinyl chloride can be efficiently performed by exposing the hard vinyl chloride to high-temperature steam of 500 ° C. or higher in an oxygen-free atmosphere. In particular, when hard vinyl chloride is treated at a temperature of 700 ° C., chlorine can be almost completely removed from the hard vinyl chloride. In addition, the coating material containing organic chlorine, which covers electric wires (copper wires), etc., may be affected by oxidation of copper wires etc. by exposing it to high-temperature steam in an oxygen-free atmosphere after making it into a fine powder. In addition, dechlorination can be reliably performed. Therefore,
In the dechlorination method of the present invention, dechlorination of an organic chlorine-containing substance can efficiently remove chlorine compounds. It is effective to use a high-temperature steam having a temperature of 500 ° C. or higher, preferably 700 ° C. Also, 700 ° C or higher, 800 ° C or higher, 900 ° C or higher,
In an ultra-high temperature range such as 1000 ° C. or higher, it is expected that the treatment time will be further shortened and the dechlorination treatment will be surely performed.

[0036]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when at least the last heating element of the electromagnetic induction heating means is made of carbon, heat can be generated to an ultrahigh temperature range exceeding 1200 ° C. at atmospheric pressure. Therefore, it is possible to raise the temperature of the steam stepwise by a plurality of heating elements to rapidly exceed 1200 ° C. In addition, it is possible to easily control high-temperature steam components such as overheating of pure steam alone and addition of a predetermined amount of additional gas, and easily obtain high-temperature steam having a temperature and components suitable for processing. As described above, since the steam can be heated to 1200 ° C. at atmospheric pressure or at a low pressure within 1.5 atm, it is possible to reduce the size of the entire apparatus and easily obtain high-temperature steam which was not easily obtained conventionally. Various processes using this high-temperature steam become possible.

According to the second or third aspect of the present invention, the first electromagnetic induction heating means using a metal heating element rapidly heats the steam to near the cucumber point, and the second electromagnetic induction heating means uses a carbon-containing heating element. With the electromagnetic induction heating means, the steam can be heated to a temperature exceeding the limit of the metal heating element, and as a whole, the steam can be rapidly heated while being exposed to a high-frequency magnetic field.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the time until the temperature rises is extremely short, and the rapid superheating and the action of the high-frequency magnetic field significantly reduce the mobility of the vapor particles, thereby reducing By exerting a carbonizing action, the activated steam is guided to the processing means, and the object to be processed can be efficiently processed to an extent that cannot be compared with conventional ones.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the vapor and the gas to be treated are mixed to form a mixed gas, and the vapor is used as a carrier. Is significantly added in motility, exerts a reducing action and a carbonizing action, and the activated gas carrier enables the gas to be treated to be efficiently decomposed to an extent that cannot be compared with conventional ones.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the organic chlorine-containing substance is heated to 500 ° C. or more in an oxygen-free atmosphere, whereby the chlorine in the organic chlorine-containing substance can be decomposed and volatilized, and the dechlorination treatment can be performed efficiently. Is given. In particular, when the organic chlorine-containing substance is heated to 700 ° C. or higher using high-temperature steam of 700 ° C. or higher, chlorine can be almost completely removed. Therefore, the chlorine compound can be efficiently removed from the organic chlorine-containing substance to make it harmless, and the subsequent handling becomes much easier.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing a high-temperature steam generator.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a specific configuration of the electromagnetic induction heating means.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a heating element of a first electromagnetic induction heating unit.

FIG. 4 is a structural view of the heating element of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a heating element of a second electromagnetic induction heating unit.

FIG. 6 is an overall view showing a processing apparatus using high-temperature steam.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a modification of the electromagnetic induction heating means.

FIG. 8 is a table showing the results of an experiment in which an organic chlorine-containing substance was subjected to a dechlorination treatment.

9 is a graph showing the relationship between the dechlorination rate and the processing time in the experimental results of FIG.

[Description of Signs] 1 High-temperature steam generator 2 Steam generating means 3 Electromagnetic induction heating means 4 Processing means 5 First electromagnetic induction heating unit 6 Second electromagnetic induction heating unit 7 Pipes 8-11 Heating element 12 Passage 13 Coil 14 Inverter control Circuit 15 passage hole

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Go Yamanaka 3--12 Kanbei-cho, Otsu-ku, Himeji-shi, Hyogo Niji-Tech Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshitaka Uchibori 19-21 Misawa-cho, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka Pref.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A steam generating means for converting water into steam, and a plurality of heating elements which generate heat by electromagnetic induction in a passage made of a non-magnetic material so that the steam passes therethrough. A high-temperature steam generating apparatus comprising: an induction heating means, wherein the electromagnetic induction heating means has at least a last stage of the plurality of stages of heating elements containing carbon. 2. The electromagnetic induction heating means includes: a first electromagnetic induction heating unit configured to install a metal heating element that generates heat by electromagnetic induction in the passage, and to heat steam from the steam heat generation unit; 2. The high-temperature steam generator according to claim 1, wherein a heating element including carbon that generates heat by electromagnetic induction is provided therein, and the second electromagnetic induction section further heats the steam from the first electromagnetic induction heating section. 3. 3. The first electromagnetic induction heating section is capable of heating the heating element to a temperature determined by magnetic properties of a metal, and the second electromagnetic induction heating section is capable of heating the heating element to 500 ° C. or more. The high-temperature steam generator according to claim 2, wherein 4. A steam generating means for converting water into steam, and a metal heating element which generates heat by electromagnetic induction in a passage formed of a non-magnetic material so that the steam passes therethrough, wherein A first electromagnetic induction heating section for heating water vapor, and a heating element containing carbon which generates heat by electromagnetic induction in the passage, and further heats the water vapor from the first electromagnetic induction heating section. And a processing unit for exposing the steam heated by the second electromagnetic induction heating unit to an object to be processed. 5. A steam generating means for converting water into steam, a gas introducing means for introducing a gas to be treated, and a metal made of heat generated by electromagnetic induction in a passage formed of a non-magnetic material so that the steam passes therethrough. A first electromagnetic induction heating section for disposing a heating element, heating a mixed gas of the steam and the gas to be processed from the steam generating means and the gas introducing means, and a heating element including carbon which generates heat by electromagnetic induction in the passage; And a second heater for further heating the mixed gas heated by the first electromagnetic induction heating unit.
A processing device using high-temperature steam, comprising: an electromagnetic induction heating unit. 6. A method for dechlorinating an organic chlorine-containing substance, wherein the organic chlorine-containing substance is placed in an oxygen-free atmosphere at 500 ° C.
A method for dechlorinating an organic chlorine-containing substance, which is subjected to a dechlorination treatment by exposing it to high-temperature steam as described above. 7. The method for dechlorinating an organic chlorine-containing material according to claim 6, wherein the organic chlorine-containing material is exposed to high-temperature steam at 700 ° C.