JP2007108012A - Earthquake disaster prevention system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly prevent damage by a continent type or plate type earthquake, or an epicentral earthquake, and to improve reliability by improving prediction accuracy of a main shock. <P>SOLUTION: When an emergency earthquake flash report 2 including S-wave arrival prediction time and a predicted seismic intensity by earthquake occurrence is sent, a reception system 10 receives the flash report 2, and decides whether the predicted seismic intensity exceeds a set seismic intensity or not. A P-wave detection system 20 has P-wave seismometers 21-23 each detecting a P wave arriving by the earthquake occurrence, decides the kind of an arrival-scheduled earthquake, predicts and decides a seismic intensity of an arrival-scheduled S wave on the basis of detection results of the seismometers 21-23, and outputs a second decision result. A decision means 30 confirms and decides whether a predicted seismic intensity of the arrival-scheduled S wave exceeds a set seismic intensity or not on the basis of the first and second decision results, and sends a trigger signal 31 when exceeding the set value. A control system 40 starts when receiving the signal 31, and controls operation or a stop of various kinds of devices or the like that are protection targets before the S wave arrives. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an earthquake disaster prevention system that uses earthquake early warnings to prevent earthquake damage by shutting off the supply of gas, chemicals and the like in a plant such as a semiconductor factory before the arrival of the earthquake.

  Conventionally, as a technique related to an earthquake disaster prevention system, for example, there are those described in the following documents.

JP-A-6-160541 JP-A-6-324160 JP 2001-134865 A JP 2003-66152 A

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a general seismic waveform described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG.
Patent Document 1 describes a technology of a gas shut-off device that detects the occurrence of an earthquake at an early stage and quickly shuts off the gas supply. As shown in FIG. 4, the seismic wave is pitched (primary wave, which is referred to as “P wave”), which is the initial fine movement, and rolls (secondary wave, which is referred to as “S wave”), which is the main vibration. ). The P wave has a high propagation speed of 5 to 7 Km / S, whereas the S wave has a slow propagation speed of 3 to 4 Km / S but causes a large fluctuation, and from the generation of the P wave to the arrival of the S wave. The time difference is often around 10 seconds (sec). The relationship between the acceleration of the vertical component Pv of the P wave and the acceleration of the horizontal component Sh of the S wave is almost proportional, and in order to prevent damage due to the earthquake, the P wave is detected instead of the S wave. May be. Therefore, in the technique of Patent Document 1, whether or not the earthquake should be cut off by detecting the pitch of the earthquake with a P-wave seismometer, extracting the feature value from the output by the feature value extraction unit, and cutting off the gas supply. Is fuzzy inferred by the fuzzy inference section, and the gas is shut off according to the inference result.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a seismic intensity prediction system technology for predicting an appropriate seismic intensity corresponding to the distance from the epicenter before the arrival of the S wave of the seismic wave, and facilitating recognition of the magnitude of the main ground motion at the predicted point. Is described. In this seismic intensity prediction system, the seismic intensity at the observation point, the epicenter distance of the observation point, the epicenter distance of the target prediction point, and the seismic intensity at the observation point from the initial motion partial waveform from the arrival of the P wave to the S wave at the observation point near the hypocenter. The seismic intensity at the predicted point is predicted by using a regression equation of distance attenuation from these calculated values before reaching the predicted point of the seismic wave.

  Patent Document 3 describes the technology of an earthquake warning system that detects the initial motion of a P wave of an earthquake, performs an optimal earthquake countermeasure process in various operating facilities, and facilitates recovery after the earthquake. . In this earthquake warning system, a P-wave is constantly monitored by an earthquake observation device, and when a P-wave is detected, various detection signals are output to the analysis device. The first estimation unit of the analysis device receives the detection signal from the earthquake observation device, and sends estimation data such as the location and size of the earthquake to the second determination unit. Based on the estimated data, the second determination unit selects an operation facility for performing an alarm, creates earthquake alarm data for the operation facility, and sends the earthquake alarm data to the alarm device together with the address of the operation facility. Send it out. In the alarm device, the earthquake alarm data is sent to the operation facility via the communication line. The operating facility that has received the earthquake warning data performs a predetermined earthquake countermeasure operation in accordance with the received earthquake warning data.

  Patent Document 4 describes the technology of an earthquake prediction immediate notification system for notifying earthquake prediction strength and predicted arrival time (time), assisting in preparing for the earthquake, and preventing disasters. Yes. Seismic observation networks for observing and transmitting seismic waveforms are installed in earthquake observation areas throughout Japan. The information sent from the seismic network is real-time information about the earthquake including the original data. The types of this information include national data from national agencies such as the Japan Meteorological Agency, regional data from prefectures, municipalities, etc., large-scale facilities, etc. Have local data that they create. As real-time information about earthquakes, there are earthquake parameters such as original data and strength and arrival time that can be used for disaster prevention.

  The technology of Patent Literature 4 is an earthquake prediction immediate notification system that predicts and notifies an incoming seismic wave based on real-time information about an earthquake, and includes first and second receiving means for receiving real-time information about an earthquake, First prediction means for determining necessity of notification based on real-time information received by the second reception means, and prediction of seismic waves reaching a specific location based on real-time information received by the first and second reception means Prediction calculation means for performing calculation and first and second notification means for notifying arrival of the seismic wave predicted and calculated by the prediction calculation means. Then, the seismic parameters determined by the seismic network are transmitted earlier than the seismic wave reaches the point, and the necessary information is immediately calculated in consideration of the location and seismological characteristics of the point. It is supposed to be displayed.

  Conventionally, for example, an earthquake disaster prevention system in a semiconductor factory, which is a super-precision industry, has the following problems.

  Semiconductor factories built all over Japan handle many special hazardous gases and chemicals, which can cause damage due to shaking and even fires. In particular, a semiconductor factory requires a clean room called a clean room, and this clean room is usually installed on the second floor or higher, so the response acceleration to shaking is also high. Since the production equipment installed in the clean room is also very expensive and precise, it can be broken by a strong shaking or requires a lot of cost and time for repair. Furthermore, since the factory is usually operated for 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, the suspension of operations due to an earthquake often leads to a great loss. For this reason, various structures have been constructed as earthquake disaster prevention systems for semiconductor factories, but there has not yet been a highly reliable system.

  Here, as the configuration of the earthquake disaster prevention system for improving the reliability, the following can be considered. For example, when an S-wave seismometer is installed in the premises of a semiconductor factory and this S-wave seismometer detects a shake, if this size exceeds a threshold of 100 to 200 gal (seismic intensity 5 to 6), an emergency A trigger signal is transmitted by automatic control of the disaster prevention system, the control system is activated, a sound alarm is issued to ensure human safety, and a dangerous gas / chemical shutoff valve is activated to prevent secondary disasters. To do.

  However, in the case of such an earthquake disaster prevention system, it operates in an actual large shake, that is, it operates after the arrival of the mainshock, so failure of the nitrogen (N2) gas supply equipment for starting the shut-off valve, damage to the piping There is a possibility that the system may not operate due to a failure of a shut-off device or a power failure, and there is a problem in terms of system reliability because there is a concern that it can be shut off reliably.

  In order to solve this problem, for example, it is conceivable to construct the following earthquake disaster prevention system using the technique of Document 4 among Patent Documents 2 to 4, in particular.

  The earthquake prediction immediate notification system of Patent Document 4 is configured to use real-time information about an earthquake and predict and notify an incoming seismic wave based on this information. When building an earthquake disaster prevention system for a semiconductor factory using this technology, as the real-time information, for example, the Japan Meteorological Agency or a secondary distribution organization (for example, (Non-Profit Organization) Real-time Earthquake Information Utilization Council, hereinafter referred to as “REIC”. It is possible to use the earthquake occurrence information service of the emergency earthquake warning transmitted from.

  The Earthquake Early Warning is information on the seismic center, the mainshock predicted seismic intensity in the area receiving the breaking news, the grace time until the arrival of the S wave (main shock) from the epicenter to the area receiving the breaking news, and the initial motion of the P wave detected near the epicenter The epicenter information obtained using the data is instantly transmitted to each breaking news reception area, so that the estimated arrival time of the delayed S wave and the predicted seismic intensity are notified in advance. Depending on the distance from the epicenter, the time difference from the detection of the P wave to the arrival of the S wave is close to several seconds to several tens of seconds in the breaking news reception area. When the wave size exceeds a preset threshold, before the arrival of the S wave, a trigger signal is transmitted by automatic control of the emergency disaster prevention system, the control system is activated, a voice alarm is issued, and a dangerous By constructing an earthquake disaster prevention system that operates gas and chemical shut-off valves, many secondary disasters can be prevented.

However, in this earthquake disaster prevention system, emergency earthquake warnings are used to implement disaster prevention measures before the earthquake arrives, but there is a large error in the predicted value of emergency earthquake warnings due to differences in environmental conditions such as the ground in the disaster prevention area. That there is a risk of occurrence of a large amount of damage in the event of a false alarm or unnecessary shutdown due to such an error in the predicted value or an error in the set threshold, or an emergency earthquake in the case of a direct earthquake There is a problem in terms of reliability because there is a risk that an earthquake will occur before receiving the bulletin and disaster prevention measures cannot be implemented, causing serious damage.
The above problems also occur in various plants other than semiconductor factories.

  In the earthquake disaster prevention system of the present invention, when an emergency earthquake warning including an S wave arrival prediction time and a predicted seismic intensity due to the occurrence of an earthquake is sent, whether or not the predicted earthquake intensity exceeds a set seismic intensity by receiving the emergency earthquake warning And receiving means for outputting a first determination result and a P-wave seismometer for detecting a P-wave that arrives due to the occurrence of the earthquake, and an earthquake that is scheduled to arrive based on the detection result of the P-wave seismometer P wave detection means for determining the type of the S wave and predicting and determining the seismic intensity of the S wave scheduled to arrive and outputting the second determination result, and based on the first and second determination results, the S wave scheduled to arrive To determine whether or not the predicted seismic intensity exceeds a set value, and when the trigger signal is received, a determination means for transmitting a trigger signal when the set seismic intensity is exceeded, and activation when receiving the trigger signal to protect before the arrival of the S wave Control that controls the operation or stop of the target And a stage.

  According to the earthquake disaster prevention system of the present invention, the prediction of the S wave arrival time and the prediction of the seismic intensity are performed from the two different means of the emergency earthquake warning receiving means and the P wave detecting means, When the predicted seismic intensity exceeds the set value, a trigger signal is sent from the judging means, and the control means is automatically activated before the mainshock arrives to protect the protection target. This greatly improves the damage caused by continental or plate-type earthquakes or direct earthquakes, and can significantly improve the reliability of the earthquake disaster prevention system.

  The earthquake disaster prevention system has a receiving system, a P-wave detection system, a determination unit, and a control system to be protected.

  The receiving system receives the emergency earthquake bulletin when the earthquake early warning including the predicted arrival time of the S wave due to the occurrence of the earthquake and the predicted seismic intensity is received, and determines whether the predicted seismic intensity exceeds the set seismic intensity. The first determination result is output to the determination means. The P-wave detection system includes a P-wave seismometer that detects a P-wave that arrives due to the occurrence of the earthquake, and determines a type of an earthquake that is scheduled to arrive based on a detection result of the P-wave seismometer. The seismic intensity of the S wave is predicted and output, and the second determination result is output to the determination means. The determination means determines whether or not the predicted seismic intensity of the scheduled S wave exceeds the set value based on the first and second determination results, and when the set value exceeds the set value, a trigger signal is generated. Call to the control system. The control system is activated when the trigger signal is received, and controls the operation or stop of various control devices to be protected before the arrival of the S wave.

(Configuration of Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an earthquake disaster prevention system showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  This earthquake disaster prevention system is a system that combines emergency earthquake warning and seismic intensity prediction by a P-wave seismometer. For example, an earthquake early warning 2 installed in a disaster prevention area such as a semiconductor factory and transmitted from REIC 1 is connected to a satellite line 3. And a receiving means (for example, an earthquake early warning receiving system) 10 for receiving via the dedicated line 4 and a P wave detecting means (for example, a P wave detecting system) 20 uniquely installed in a disaster prevention area such as a semiconductor factory. Whether or not the S wave arrival time TS and the seismic intensity ES are predicted from the two different systems 10 and 20, and the judgment means 30 determines whether the predicted seismic intensity ES exceeds a set value (for example, seismic intensity 5). When the value exceeds the set value, a trigger signal 31 is transmitted from the determination means 30, and the control means (for example, the control system) 40 is automatically turned on before the arrival of the main shock. Has a configuration for protecting various devices 41 to 43 are dynamic to protect.

  Here, the earthquake early warning 2 transmitted from the REIC 1 is epicenter information including the S wave arrival predicted time TS, the predicted seismic intensity ES, and the like. The receiving system 10 includes a satellite communication receiving facility 11 that receives the earthquake early warning 2 sent via the satellite line 3, an Internet receiving facility 12 that receives the emergency earthquake early warning 2 sent via the dedicated line 4, Seismic intensity setting means 13 for determining whether or not the predicted seismic intensity ES exceeds the set seismic intensity from the emergency earthquake bulletin 2 received by these receiving facilities 11 and 12, and outputting the first determination result to the determining means 31, and time calibration It has equipment 14 and the like. The seismic intensity setting means 13 is constituted by computer software or individual circuits (hardware).

  The P-wave detection system 20 includes a plurality of P-wave seismometers 21, 22, and 23 that detect P-waves with an acceleration sensor and the like, and S-wave prediction means ( For example, it has a high-performance S wave prediction system) 24 and the like. For example, three P-wave seismometers 21 to 23 are provided for convenience of illustration, but an appropriate number is installed according to the size of the disaster prevention target area.

The S-wave prediction system 24 uses a higher performance system activation algorithm, and uses different operation algorithms for direct-type earthquakes that require more urgency and continental or plate-type earthquakes with a large time delay. There are two determination criteria 1 and 2 (however, determination criterion 1 <determination criterion 2).
・ Criteria 1; seismic intensity 4.5-5.5
・ Criteria 2; 5.5-6.5
It is desirable that judgment 1 + 0.5 to 1.0 = judgment 2.

  In this S wave prediction system 24, the criterion 1 or 2 is selected based on the P waves detected by the P wave seismometers 21 to 23, and whether the arriving earthquake is a continental type, a plate type or a direct type is determined. The seismic intensity of the S wave is predicted based on the selected determination criterion 1 or 2 by computer algorithm control or the like, and is determined by majority decision, and the second determination result is output to the determination means 30.

  The determination means 30 uses a logical product (hereinafter referred to as “AND”) determination algorithm or the like for the first determination result of the seismic intensity setting means 13 and the second determination result of the S wave prediction system 24. It has a function of confirming whether or not ES exceeds a set value (for example, seismic intensity 5) and transmitting a trigger signal 31 to the control system 40 when the ES exceeds the set value. Upon receiving the trigger signal 31, the control system 40 operates, for example, an emergency broadcast alarm device 41 for ensuring human safety, and a shut-off device 42 for gas, chemicals, boilers, pure water facilities, etc. for secondary disaster prevention. And a device for operating a stop device 43 of a production apparatus (for example, an exposure machine, a diffusion furnace, etc.), and is configured by computer software or individual circuits (hardware).

(Operation of Example 1)
2 (a) and 2 (b) are time charts showing the operation of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (a) is a time chart for a continental type or plate type earthquake, and FIG. 2 (b) is a time for a direct type earthquake. It is a chart. The horizontal axes in FIGS. 2A and 2B are examples of the elapsed time (sec) after the occurrence of the earthquake.

(1) Operation in Fig. 2 (a) When an earthquake occurs (time t1), P waves are detected by seismometers in the seismic observation network stretched throughout the country (time t2), and the S wave arrival time by the Japan Meteorological Agency TS, seismic intensity ES, and the like are predicted, and epicenter information including these predicted values is distributed as emergency earthquake early warning 2 from REIC 1 to each disaster prevention target area via satellite line 3 and dedicated line 4.

  In the earthquake disaster prevention system in the disaster prevention target area, when the distributed emergency earthquake bulletin 2 is received by the satellite communication reception facility 11 and the Internet reception facility 12 in the reception system 10 (time t3), the prediction that is distributed by the seismic intensity setting means 13 For example, it is determined whether or not the seismic intensity ES exceeds 5, and when it is determined that the predicted seismic intensity ES exceeds 5, the determination result is sent to the determination unit 30.

  When the P wave arrives and is detected by the P wave seismometers 21 to 23 in the P wave detection system 20 (time t4), the earthquake early warning 2 is earlier than the arrival of the P wave by the S wave prediction system 24. Since it is input, it is determined that the earthquake is a continental or plate type earthquake, and the seismic intensity of the main shock (S wave) is predicted and determined according to the determination criterion 1, and the determination result is sent to the determination means 30. The determination means 30 performs an AND determination of the first determination result of the seismic intensity setting means 13 and the second determination result of the S wave prediction system 24, and the predicted seismic intensity 5 of the S wave sent from the seismic intensity setting means 13 is correct. It is confirmed whether or not.

  In the case of an earthquake, as well as the location of the occurrence site, the ground dependency of the disaster prevention protected area greatly affects the seismic intensity and occurrence damage, so the prediction accuracy of the Earthquake Early Warning 2 may be low, and the value of the Earthquake Early Warning 2 predicted value If the system is used as it is, the production equipment and the like will be stopped even in an earthquake scale that does not necessarily require an emergency stop, and this will result in lost opportunities, damage to product scraps, and the like. In order to prevent this, whether or not the predicted seismic intensity 5 of the S wave sent from the seismic intensity setting means 13 is correct is determined based on the determination result of the S wave prediction system 24 that performs information processing such as the propagation speed of the ground. Confirmation and judgment have been made to improve the accuracy of the mainshock prediction.

  If the determination means 30 confirms that the predicted seismic intensity 5 of the S wave sent from the seismic intensity setting means 13 is correct, a trigger signal 31 is transmitted from the determination means 30 and the control system 40 is activated (time). t5) The emergency broadcast alarm device 41 is activated and an emergency broadcast is issued (time t6). The shut-off device 42 is actuated to shut off the supply of gas, chemicals, etc., and the stop device 43 is actuated for production. The device stops. Thereafter, since an S wave arrives (time t8), damage due to the earthquake can be prevented. On the other hand, if the determination means 30 confirms and determines that the predicted seismic intensity of the S wave is less than 5, the control system 40 does not start or even if it is started, the minimum necessary disaster prevention processing is performed. , Can prevent the execution of unnecessary disaster prevention treatment.

(2) Operation in FIG. 2B An earthquake occurs (time t11) and a P wave is detected by the seismometer of the seismic observation network (time t12). Then, a P wave arrives immediately and this is detected by the P wave detection system 20 When the P wave seismometers 21 to 23 are detected (time t13), the S wave prediction system 24 determines that the earthquake is a direct earthquake because the P wave has arrived before the emergency earthquake bulletin 2. The seismic intensity of the main shock (S wave) is predicted according to the criterion 2 and sent to the determining means 30. The determination unit 30 prioritizes the determination result of the seismic intensity setting unit 13, determines that an emergency operation is necessary, and immediately transmits the trigger signal 31 to activate the control system 40 (time t14). As a result, the emergency broadcast alarm device 41 operates to issue an emergency broadcast (time t15). When an S wave arrives after the alarm is issued (time t16), the control device 40 controls the shut-off device 42 to shut off the supply of gas, chemicals, etc., and the stop device 43 operates to produce the production device, etc. Is stopped (time t17), damage due to the earthquake can be prevented.

  After that, even if the earthquake early warning 2 distributed from the REIC is received by the satellite communication reception facility 11 and the Internet reception facility 12 in the reception system 10 (time t18), the emergency disaster prevention processing has been completed. Bulletin 2 is cancelled.

(Effect of Example 1)
In the earthquake disaster prevention system of the first embodiment, the prediction of the S wave arrival time TS and the prediction of the seismic intensity ES are performed from two different systems, that is, the receiving system 10 of the emergency earthquake bulletin 2 and the P wave detection system 20 that is uniquely installed. When the predicted seismic intensity ES exceeds a set value (for example, seismic intensity 5) by the confirmation determination of the determination means 30, a trigger signal 31 is transmitted from the determination means 30, and the control system 40 is automatically activated before arrival of the main shock. It is configured to start up and protect various devices. Therefore, the prediction accuracy of the mainshock is greatly improved, damage due to continental or plate-type earthquakes, or direct earthquakes can be prevented accurately, and the reliability of the earthquake disaster prevention system can be significantly improved. Furthermore, since the receiving system 10 for the earthquake early warning 2 is duplicated by the satellite line 3 and the dedicated line 4, it is possible to ensure the reliability of reception.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example 1, The apparatuses 41-43 controlled by the receiving system 10, the P wave detection system 20, the determination means 30, and the control system 40 are set as various structures other than illustration. It is possible to change.

It is a block diagram of the earthquake disaster prevention system which shows Example 1 of this invention. It is a time chart which shows the operation | movement of FIG. It is a figure which shows the general earthquake waveform described in patent document 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 REIC
2 Earthquake early warning 3 Satellite line 4 Dedicated line 10 Receiving system 20 P wave detection system 21-23 P wave seismometer 24 S wave prediction system 30 Judgment means 40 Control system

Claims (4)

When an earthquake early warning including an S wave arrival predicted time and an estimated seismic intensity due to the occurrence of an earthquake is sent, the emergency judgment is received to determine whether or not the predicted seismic intensity exceeds a set seismic intensity, and the first determination Receiving means for outputting the results;
It has a P-wave seismometer that detects the P-wave that arrives due to the occurrence of the earthquake, and based on the detection result of the P-wave seismometer, determines the type of earthquake that is scheduled to arrive and predicts the seismic intensity of the S-wave that is scheduled to arrive And a P wave detection means for outputting the second determination result;
Determination means for performing a determination of whether or not the predicted seismic intensity of the scheduled S wave exceeds a set value based on the first and second determination results, and transmitting a trigger signal when the set value exceeds the set value; ,
Control means that starts when receiving the trigger signal and controls the operation or stop of the protection target before the arrival of the S wave;
An earthquake disaster prevention system characterized by comprising:   The P wave detection means has a plurality of the P wave seismometers, determines the type of the earthquake that is scheduled to arrive based on the detection results of the plurality of P wave seismometers, and calculates the seismic intensity of the S wave that is scheduled to arrive. An earthquake disaster prevention system characterized by predicting and determining by majority decision and outputting the second determination result. In the earthquake disaster prevention system according to claim 1 or 2,
The P-wave detection means determines that the incoming earthquake is a continental or plate-type earthquake when the receiving means receives the emergency earthquake warning before detecting the P-wave, and the P-wave Predicting and determining the seismic intensity of the S wave scheduled to arrive based on the detection result, and outputting the second determination result to the determination means,
The determination unit is configured to determine whether the trigger signal is transmitted by correcting and determining the first determination result from the reception unit based on the second determination result. . In the earthquake disaster prevention system according to claim 1 or 2,
When the P wave is detected before the receiving means receives the emergency earthquake bulletin, the P wave detecting means determines that the earthquake to arrive is a direct earthquake and the detection result of the P wave Predicting and determining the seismic intensity of the S wave scheduled to arrive and outputting the second determination result to the determination means,
The determination unit is configured to select the second determination result in preference to the first determination result from the reception unit, and to transmit the trigger signal based on the selected second determination result. Earthquake disaster prevention system characterized by

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