JP2007103014A - Fuel cell power generation system - Google Patents

Fuel cell power generation system Download PDF

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JP2007103014A
JP2007103014A JP2005287194A JP2005287194A JP2007103014A JP 2007103014 A JP2007103014 A JP 2007103014A JP 2005287194 A JP2005287194 A JP 2005287194A JP 2005287194 A JP2005287194 A JP 2005287194A JP 2007103014 A JP2007103014 A JP 2007103014A
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fuel cell
fuel
gas
power generation
carbon monoxide
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JP4959169B2 (en
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Mitsuyoshi Iwata
光由 岩田
Hitoshi Miyamoto
均 宮本
Manabu Miyamoto
学 宮本
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell power generation system capable of preventing fall of power generating efficiency of a fuel cell body without giving rise to waste in thermal energy incoming in the system. <P>SOLUTION: The fuel cell power generation system provided with a fuel cell body 13 of a solid oxide electrolyte type, ventilating fan 11 as well as a city gas supply source 18 or the like supplying city gas 1 to a fuel electrode of the fuel cell body 13, a ventilating fan 14 or the like supplying air 2 to an air electrode of the body 13, and a piping 10g or the like supplying at least a part of the used city gas 1 exhausted from a fuel gas exhaust port of the body 13 to the fuel electrode again of the body 13, is also provided with a carbon monoxide supply source 19 supplying carbon monoxide gas 4 to the fuel electrode of the body 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、燃料電池発電システムに関する。   The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation system.

従来の固体酸化物形の燃料電池発電システムにおいては、図２に示すように、燃料ガスである都市ガス（メタン）１を、都市ガス１を燃焼させて発生させた水蒸気と共に送給ファン１１１により送給して、熱交換器１１２により運転温度（７００〜１０００℃）にまで加熱し、固体酸化物形の燃料電池本体１１３の燃料ガス供給口へ供給すると、当該燃料電池本体１１３内の燃料極で都市ガス（メタン）１が下記式（１）に示す改質反応及び下記式（２）に示すシフト反応を生じ、水素ガスが発生する。   In a conventional solid oxide fuel cell power generation system, as shown in FIG. 2, city gas (methane) 1 as a fuel gas is fed together with water vapor generated by burning city gas 1 by a feed fan 111. When the heat is supplied to the operation temperature (700 to 1000 ° C.) by the heat exchanger 112 and supplied to the fuel gas supply port of the solid oxide fuel cell main body 113, the fuel electrode in the fuel cell main body 113 is supplied. Thus, the city gas (methane) 1 undergoes a reforming reaction represented by the following formula (1) and a shift reaction represented by the following formula (2) to generate hydrogen gas.

ＣＨ4＋Ｈ2Ｏ→３Ｈ2＋ＣＯ （１）：改質反応
ＣＯ＋Ｈ2Ｏ→Ｈ2＋ＣＯ2 （２）：シフト反応 CH 4 + H 2 O → 3H 2 + CO (1): Reforming reaction CO + H 2 O → H 2 + CO 2 (2): Shift reaction

そして、送給ファン１１４により酸化ガスである空気２を送給して、熱交換器１１５ａにより空気２を運転温度（７００〜１０００℃）にまで加熱し、上記燃料電池本体１１３の酸化ガス供給口に当該空気２を供給すると、当該空気２中の酸素が当該燃料電池本体１１３内の空気極から固体酸化物電解質層を介してイオンとなって燃料極に伝導し、前記水素のイオンと電気化学的な反応を生じることにより、水を生成すると共に電子を発生するようになっている。   Then, air 2 that is an oxidizing gas is supplied by the supply fan 114, and the air 2 is heated to the operating temperature (700 to 1000 ° C.) by the heat exchanger 115 a, and the oxidizing gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 113 is heated. When the air 2 is supplied to the oxygen, oxygen in the air 2 is conducted as ions from the air electrode in the fuel cell body 113 through the solid oxide electrolyte layer to the fuel electrode, and the hydrogen ions and electrochemical By generating a general reaction, water is generated and electrons are generated.

燃料電池本体１１３で使用された使用済みの都市ガス（水素や二酸化炭素やメタンや水蒸気等の混合ガス）１は、当該燃料電池本体１１３の燃料ガス排出口から排出され、未利用のメタンや水素等の燃料を有効利用するために、その一部が、新たに供給される都市ガス１と共に前記送給ファン１１１を介して燃料電池本体１１３内に再び供給されて再利用される一方、残りが、燃焼室１１６に送給される。   The used city gas (mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, etc.) 1 used in the fuel cell main body 113 is discharged from the fuel gas outlet of the fuel cell main body 113, and unused methane or hydrogen In order to make effective use of the fuel, a part of the fuel is supplied again into the fuel cell body 113 through the supply fan 111 and reused together with the newly supplied city gas 1, while the rest is Then, it is fed to the combustion chamber 116.

燃料電池本体１１３で使用された使用済みの空気２は、当該燃料電池本体１１３の酸化ガス排出口から排出され、燃焼室１１６で使用済みの前記都市ガス１と共に燃焼処理される。燃焼室１１６で燃焼処理された排ガス３は、前記熱交換器１１５ａに送給されて空気２の加熱源に利用された後、排ガスボイラ１１５ｂで熱源に利用されてから、煙突１１７から外部へ排出される。   The used air 2 used in the fuel cell main body 113 is discharged from the oxidizing gas discharge port of the fuel cell main body 113 and burned together with the used city gas 1 in the combustion chamber 116. The exhaust gas 3 burned in the combustion chamber 116 is fed to the heat exchanger 115a and used as a heat source for the air 2 and then used as a heat source in the exhaust gas boiler 115b and then discharged from the chimney 117 to the outside. Is done.

このような図２に示したような従来の燃料電池発電システム１１０においては、上述したように、上記改質反応（式（１））及び上記シフト反応（式（２））に水を要するため、起動の際には、都市ガス１と共に水蒸気を供給するものの、酸素と水素との電気化学的な反応により水を生成することから、起動後しばらくしたら水蒸気の供給を停止して、酸素と水素との電気化学的な反応で生成した水を利用するようにしている。   In the conventional fuel cell power generation system 110 as shown in FIG. 2, as described above, water is required for the reforming reaction (formula (1)) and the shift reaction (formula (2)). When starting, water vapor is supplied together with city gas 1, but water is generated by an electrochemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen. The water produced by the electrochemical reaction is used.

ところが、酸素と水素との電気化学的な反応による水の生成量が、上記改質反応（式（１））及び上記シフト反応（式（２））での水の使用量よりも多いため、使用済みの前記都市ガス１の一部を新たに供給される都市ガス１と共に燃料電池本体１１３内に再び供給していると、燃料電池本体１１３内に供給される都市ガス１中の水蒸気量が次第に過剰になってしまい、燃料電池本体１１３の発電効率の低下を引き起こしてしまう。   However, the amount of water produced by the electrochemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen is larger than the amount of water used in the reforming reaction (formula (1)) and the shift reaction (formula (2)). When a part of the used city gas 1 is supplied again into the fuel cell main body 113 together with the newly supplied city gas 1, the amount of water vapor in the city gas 1 supplied into the fuel cell main body 113 is reduced. It gradually becomes excessive, causing a reduction in power generation efficiency of the fuel cell main body 113.

このため、図３に示すように、都市ガス１の循環供給系統に熱交換器１２８及び凝縮器１２９等を設け、燃料電池本体１１３から排出された使用済みの都市ガス１の前記一部を上記熱交換器１２８により熱回収して、凝縮器１２９により冷却して水分を凝縮除去してから、新たに供給される都市ガス１と混合して燃料電池本体１１３内に再び供給するようにしている。   Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, a heat exchanger 128, a condenser 129, and the like are provided in the circulation supply system of the city gas 1, and the part of the used city gas 1 discharged from the fuel cell body 113 is Heat is recovered by the heat exchanger 128, cooled by the condenser 129, condensed and removed, and then mixed with the newly supplied city gas 1 and supplied again into the fuel cell body 113. .

特開平１１−３１２５２７号公報JP-A-11-31527 特開２００３−２８８９１２号公報JP 2003-288912 A 特開２００５−００５０７４号公報JP 2005-005074 A

しかしながら、前述した図３に示したような従来の燃料電池発電システム１２０では、前述したように、新たに供給される都市ガス１と混合する使用済みの都市ガス１を凝縮器１２９により冷却して水分を凝縮除去するため、系内の熱エネルギ収支に無駄を生じてしまっていた。   However, in the conventional fuel cell power generation system 120 as shown in FIG. 3 described above, the used city gas 1 mixed with the newly supplied city gas 1 is cooled by the condenser 129 as described above. In order to condense and remove moisture, the heat energy balance in the system was wasted.

このようなことから、本発明は、系内の熱エネルギ収支に無駄を生じさせることなく燃料電池本体の発電効率の低下を防止することができる燃料電池発電システムを提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell power generation system capable of preventing a decrease in power generation efficiency of the fuel cell main body without causing waste in the thermal energy balance in the system.

前述した課題を解決するための、第一番目の発明に係る燃料電池発電システムは、固体酸化物形の燃料電池本体と、前記燃料電池本体の燃料極へ炭化水素ガスからなる燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給手段と、前記燃料電池本体の空気極へ酸素を含有する酸化ガスを供給する酸化ガス供給手段と、前記燃料電池本体から排出された使用済みの前記燃料ガスの少なくとも一部を当該燃料電池本体の前記燃料極へ再び供給する燃料ガス循環手段とを備えている燃料電池発電システムにおいて、前記燃料電池本体の前記燃料極へ一酸化炭素を供給する一酸化炭素供給手段を備えていることを特徴とする。   A fuel cell power generation system according to a first invention for solving the above-described problem is a solid oxide fuel cell main body, and supplies a fuel gas comprising a hydrocarbon gas to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell main body. A fuel gas supply means; an oxidizing gas supply means for supplying an oxidizing gas containing oxygen to the air electrode of the fuel cell body; and at least a part of the used fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell body. A fuel cell power generation system including a fuel gas circulation unit that supplies the fuel electrode of the battery body again to the fuel electrode, and further includes a carbon monoxide supply unit that supplies carbon monoxide to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell body. It is characterized by.

第二番目の発明に係る燃料電池発電システムは、第一番目の発明において、前記一酸化炭素供給手段が、前記燃料ガス供給手段で前記燃料極へ供給する前記燃料ガスの供給量と前記燃料ガス循環手段で前記燃料極へ供給する使用済みの前記燃料ガスとの合計量に対して１０〜４０mol％の割合で前記一酸化炭素ガスを供給するものであることを特徴とする。   A fuel cell power generation system according to a second invention is the fuel cell power generation system according to the first invention, wherein the carbon monoxide supply means supplies the fuel gas to the fuel electrode by the fuel gas supply means and the fuel gas. The carbon monoxide gas is supplied at a rate of 10 to 40 mol% with respect to the total amount of the spent fuel gas supplied to the fuel electrode by a circulation means.

第三番目の発明に係る燃料電池発電システムは、第一番目又は第二番目の発明において、前記一酸化炭素供給手段が、化学プラントで副生した一酸化炭素ガスを前記燃料極へ供給するものであることを特徴とする。   A fuel cell power generation system according to a third invention is the fuel cell power generation system according to the first or second invention, wherein the carbon monoxide supply means supplies carbon monoxide gas by-produced in a chemical plant to the fuel electrode. It is characterized by being.

本発明に係る燃料電池発電システムによれば、一酸化炭素供給手段が燃料電池本体の燃料極へ一酸化炭素を供給することから、燃料ガス循環手段で循環利用される使用済みの燃料ガスによって増加する水分と当該一酸化炭素とがシフト反応を生じて水素ガスと二酸化炭素ガスとにシフトするので、使用済みの燃料ガスを循環利用しても、系内の水分の増加を抑制することができる。このため、従来のような凝縮器を使用しなくても、系内の水分の増加を抑制することができるので、系内の熱エネルギ収支に無駄を生じさせることなく燃料電池本体の発電効率の低下を防止することができるばかりか、余剰な水分から水素ガスをさらに生成させることができるので、燃料電池本体の発電効率を向上させることができる。   According to the fuel cell power generation system of the present invention, since the carbon monoxide supply means supplies carbon monoxide to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell main body, it is increased by the used fuel gas circulated by the fuel gas circulation means. The water content and the carbon monoxide cause a shift reaction to shift to hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas, so that increase of the water content in the system can be suppressed even if the used fuel gas is recycled. . For this reason, since it is possible to suppress an increase in moisture in the system without using a conventional condenser, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell main body can be reduced without causing waste in the thermal energy balance in the system. Not only can the decrease be prevented, but also hydrogen gas can be further generated from excess water, so that the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell body can be improved.

本発明に係る燃料電池発電システムの実施形態を図１に基づいて以下に説明する。図１は、燃料電池発電システムの概略構成図である。   An embodiment of a fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell power generation system.

図１に示すように、固体酸化物電解質形の燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス供給口には、炭化水素ガスからなる燃料ガスである都市ガス（メタン）１の都市ガス源１８が配管１０ａを介して連絡している。燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス供給口と都市ガス源１８との間の配管１０ａ部分には、一酸化炭素ガス４の一酸化炭素ガス源１９が配管１０ｇを介して連絡している。燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス供給口と都市ガス源１８及び一酸化炭素ガス源１９との間の配管１０ａ部分には、送給ファン１１が配設されている。送給ファン１１と燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス供給口との間の配管１０ａ部分には、熱交換器１２が配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, a city gas source 18 of city gas (methane) 1 which is a fuel gas made of hydrocarbon gas is connected to a fuel gas supply port of a solid oxide electrolyte fuel cell main body 13 via a pipe 10a. Contact. A carbon monoxide gas source 19 of the carbon monoxide gas 4 communicates with the pipe 10a between the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 13 and the city gas source 18 via the pipe 10g. A feed fan 11 is disposed in a pipe 10 a portion between the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 13 and the city gas source 18 and the carbon monoxide gas source 19. A heat exchanger 12 is disposed in the pipe 10 a portion between the feed fan 11 and the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 13.

前記燃料電池本体１３の酸化ガス供給口には、酸素を含有する酸化ガスである空気２の送給ファン１４が前記熱交換器１２を経由する配管１０ｂを介して連絡している。送給ファン１４と前記熱交換器１２との間の配管１０ｂ部分には、熱交換器１５ａが配設されている。   A supply fan 14 for air 2, which is an oxidizing gas containing oxygen, communicates with an oxidizing gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 13 via a pipe 10 b that passes through the heat exchanger 12. A heat exchanger 15 a is disposed in the pipe 10 b portion between the supply fan 14 and the heat exchanger 12.

前記燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス排出口は、前記送給ファン１１と前記都市ガス源１８及び前記一酸化炭素ガス源１９との間の配管１０ａ部分に配管１０ｃを介して連絡すると共に、燃焼室１６の受入口に配管１０ｄを介して連絡している。また、燃料電池本体１３の酸化ガス排出口は、上記燃焼室１６の受入口に配管１０ｅを介して連絡している。   A fuel gas discharge port of the fuel cell main body 13 communicates with a pipe 10a portion between the supply fan 11 and the city gas source 18 and the carbon monoxide gas source 19 through a pipe 10c, and a combustion chamber. The sixteen inlets are connected via a pipe 10d. The oxidizing gas discharge port of the fuel cell main body 13 communicates with the receiving port of the combustion chamber 16 through a pipe 10e.

燃焼室１６の排出口は、前記熱交換器１５ａ及び排ガスボイラ１５ｂを経由して煙突１７に配管１０ｆを介して連絡している。   The exhaust port of the combustion chamber 16 communicates with the chimney 17 via the pipe 10f via the heat exchanger 15a and the exhaust gas boiler 15b.

なお、本実施形態では、配管１０ａ，送給ファン１１，都市ガス源１８等により燃料ガス供給手段を構成し、配管１０ｂ，送給ファン１４等により酸化ガス供給手段を構成し、配管１０ｃ等により燃料ガス循環手段を構成し、配管１０ｇ，一酸化炭素ガス源１９等により一酸化炭素供給手段を構成している。   In this embodiment, the fuel gas supply means is constituted by the pipe 10a, the feed fan 11, the city gas source 18, and the like, and the oxidizing gas supply means is constituted by the pipe 10b, the feed fan 14 and the like, and the pipe 10c and the like. The fuel gas circulation means is constituted, and the carbon monoxide supply means is constituted by the pipe 10 g, the carbon monoxide gas source 19 and the like.

このような本実施形態に係る燃料電池発電システム１０の作用を次に説明する。   Next, the operation of the fuel cell power generation system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.

まず、都市ガス源１８からの都市ガス（メタン）１を、都市ガス１を燃焼させて発生させた水蒸気と共に送給ファン１１により送給して、熱交換器１２により運転温度（７００〜１０００℃）にまで加熱し、固体酸化物形の燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス供給口に供給すると、当該燃料電池本体１３内の燃料極で都市ガス（メタン）１が下記式（１）に示す改質反応及び下記式（２）に示すシフト反応を生じ、水素ガスが発生する。   First, city gas (methane) 1 from a city gas source 18 is fed by a feed fan 11 together with water vapor generated by burning the city gas 1, and an operating temperature (700 to 1000 ° C.) is obtained by a heat exchanger 12. ) And supplied to the fuel gas supply port of the solid oxide fuel cell main body 13, the city gas (methane) 1 is reformed by the fuel electrode in the fuel cell main body 13 according to the following formula (1). The reaction and the shift reaction shown in the following formula (2) occur, and hydrogen gas is generated.

ＣＨ4＋Ｈ2Ｏ→３Ｈ2＋ＣＯ （１）：改質反応
ＣＯ＋Ｈ2Ｏ→Ｈ2＋ＣＯ2 （２）：シフト反応 CH 4 + H 2 O → 3H 2 + CO (1): Reforming reaction CO + H 2 O → H 2 + CO 2 (2): Shift reaction

そして、送給ファン１４により空気２を送給して、熱交換器１５ａにより空気２を運転温度（７００〜１０００℃）にまで加熱し、上記燃料電池本体１３の酸化ガス供給口に当該空気２を供給すると、当該空気２中の酸素が当該燃料電池本体１３内の空気極から固体酸化物電解質層を介してイオンとなって燃料極に伝導し、前記水素のイオンと電気化学的な反応を生じることにより、水を生成すると共に電子を発生する。   Then, the air 2 is supplied by the supply fan 14, the air 2 is heated to the operating temperature (700 to 1000 ° C.) by the heat exchanger 15 a, and the air 2 is supplied to the oxidizing gas supply port of the fuel cell body 13. When oxygen is supplied, oxygen in the air 2 becomes ions from the air electrode in the fuel cell main body 13 through the solid oxide electrolyte layer and is conducted to the fuel electrode, and electrochemically reacts with the hydrogen ions. As a result, water is generated and electrons are generated.

燃料電池本体１３で使用された使用済みの都市ガス（水素や二酸化炭素やメタンや水蒸気等の混合ガス）１は、当該燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス排出口から排出され、その一部が前記配管１０ｃを介して前記配管１０ａ内に流入し、新たに供給される都市ガス１と共に前記送給ファン１１を介して燃料電池本体１３内に再び供給されることにより、未利用のメタンや水素等の燃料が再利用される一方、残りが前記配管１０ｄを介して燃焼室１６に送給される。   The used city gas (mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, etc.) 1 used in the fuel cell main body 13 is discharged from the fuel gas discharge port of the fuel cell main body 13, and a part thereof is the pipe. 10c flows into the pipe 10a, and is supplied again into the fuel cell body 13 through the supply fan 11 together with the newly supplied city gas 1, so that unused methane, hydrogen, etc. While the fuel is reused, the remainder is fed to the combustion chamber 16 via the pipe 10d.

燃料電池本体１３で使用された使用済みの空気２は、当該燃料電池本体１３の酸化ガス排出口から排出され、燃焼室１６で使用済みの前記都市ガス１と共に燃焼処理される。燃焼室１６で燃焼処理された排ガス３は、前記熱交換器１５ａに送給されて空気２の加熱源に利用された後、排ガスボイラ１５ｂで熱源に利用されてから、煙突１７から外部へ排出される。   The used air 2 used in the fuel cell main body 13 is discharged from the oxidizing gas discharge port of the fuel cell main body 13 and is combusted together with the city gas 1 used in the combustion chamber 16. The exhaust gas 3 burned in the combustion chamber 16 is fed to the heat exchanger 15a and used as a heat source for the air 2, and then used as a heat source in the exhaust gas boiler 15b, and then discharged from the chimney 17 to the outside. Is done.

このようにして燃料電池本体１３を起動して、酸素と水素との電気化学的な反応によって生成する水だけでも都市ガス１の改質反応及びシフト反応が十分に生じるようになったら、水蒸気の供給を停止すると共に、前記一酸化炭素ガス源１９から一酸化炭素ガス４を、配管１０ｇを介して前記配管１０ａ内に流入させ、都市ガス源１８からの新たな都市ガス（メタン）１及び前記配管１０ｃからの使用済みの都市ガス（水素や二酸化炭素やメタンや水蒸気等の混合ガス）１と共に燃料電池本体１３の燃料ガス供給口に供給すると、当該燃料電池本体１３内の燃料極で都市ガス（メタン）１が、前述したように、前記式（１）に示す改質反応及び前記式（２）に示すシフト反応を生じ、水素ガスを発生させると共に、使用済みの都市ガス（水素や二酸化炭素やメタンや水蒸気等の混合ガス）１の循環利用によって増加する水分が前記一酸化炭素ガス源１９からの一酸化炭素ガス４と前記式（２）で示したシフト反応を生じて水素ガスと二酸化炭素ガスとにシフトするようになる。   When the fuel cell main body 13 is started up in this way and the reforming reaction and shift reaction of the city gas 1 are sufficiently generated only by water generated by the electrochemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, While stopping the supply, the carbon monoxide gas 4 from the carbon monoxide gas source 19 is caused to flow into the pipe 10a through the pipe 10g, and the new city gas (methane) 1 from the city gas source 18 and the above-mentioned When used city gas (mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, etc.) 1 from the pipe 10 c is supplied to the fuel gas supply port of the fuel cell main body 13, the city gas is generated at the fuel electrode in the fuel cell main body 13. As described above, the (methane) 1 causes the reforming reaction shown in the above formula (1) and the shift reaction shown in the above formula (2) to generate hydrogen gas, and the used city gas (hydrogen) Moisture that increases due to the circulating use of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, etc.) 1 causes a shift reaction shown in the above formula (2) with the carbon monoxide gas 4 from the carbon monoxide gas source 19 to generate hydrogen gas. And shift to carbon dioxide gas.

このため、使用済みの都市ガス１を循環利用しても、系内の水分の増加を抑制することができる。   For this reason, even if the used city gas 1 is circulated and used, an increase in moisture in the system can be suppressed.

したがって、本実施形態によれば、従来のような凝縮器を使用しなくても、系内の水分の増加を抑制することができるので、系内の熱エネルギ収支に無駄を生じさせることなく燃料電池本体１３の発電効率の低下を防止することができるばかりか、一酸化炭素ガス４を加えることにより、余剰な水分から水素ガスをさらに生成させることができるので、燃料電池本体１３の発電効率を向上させることができる。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, since it is possible to suppress an increase in moisture in the system without using a conventional condenser, fuel can be generated without wasting the heat energy balance in the system. Not only can the power generation efficiency of the battery body 13 be reduced, but also by adding the carbon monoxide gas 4, hydrogen gas can be further generated from excess water. Can be improved.

また、一酸化炭素ガス４を副生してしまう化学プラントを有するコンビナート等に適用すれば、副生した一酸化炭素ガス４を有効利用しながら燃料電池本体１３の発電効率を向上させることができる。   Further, when applied to a complex having a chemical plant that produces carbon monoxide gas 4 as a by-product, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell body 13 can be improved while effectively using the carbon monoxide gas 4 produced as a by-product. .

なお、燃料電池本体１３の燃料極へ供給する一酸化炭素ガス４の量は、都市ガス源１８から上記燃料極へ供給する都市ガス１の供給量と前記配管１０ｃを介して上記燃料極へ供給する使用済みの都市ガス１との合計量に対して１０〜４０mol％の割合で供給すると好ましく、特に、３０〜４０mol％の割合で供給するとより好ましい。   The amount of the carbon monoxide gas 4 supplied to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell main body 13 is supplied to the fuel electrode via the supply amount of the city gas 1 supplied from the city gas source 18 to the fuel electrode and the pipe 10c. It is preferable to supply at a rate of 10 to 40 mol%, particularly more preferable to supply at a rate of 30 to 40 mol%, with respect to the total amount of used city gas 1 to be used.

なぜなら、一酸化炭素ガス４の上記供給量が１０mol％未満であると、一酸化炭素ガス４を供給することによる効果（系内の水分の増加抑制、発電効率の向上（電圧向上）等）をほとんど期待することができず、４０mol％を超えると、一酸化炭素ガス４の供給量が過剰となってむしろ悪影響を与えてしまい（系内の水分の減少、発電効率の低下（電圧低下）、炭素析出等）、３０〜４０mol％の範囲であると、系内の水分のバランスを図りながら、電圧向上率を４％以上とすることができ、本発明の効果を最も効率よく得ることができるからである。   Because, if the supply amount of the carbon monoxide gas 4 is less than 10 mol%, the effects (suppression of increase of moisture in the system, improvement of power generation efficiency (voltage improvement), etc.) due to the supply of the carbon monoxide gas 4 are obtained. If almost 40 mol% cannot be expected, the supply amount of the carbon monoxide gas 4 becomes excessive and rather adversely affects (reduction of moisture in the system, reduction of power generation efficiency (voltage drop), Carbon deposition, etc.), the range of 30 to 40 mol% can achieve a voltage improvement rate of 4% or more while achieving a balance of moisture in the system, and the effects of the present invention can be obtained most efficiently. Because.

本発明に係る燃料電池発電システムは、系内の熱エネルギ収支に無駄を生じさせることなく燃料電池本体の発電効率の低下を防止することができるばかりか、余剰な水分から水素ガスをさらに生成させることができるので、燃料電池本体の発電効率を向上させることができ、産業上、極めて有益に利用することができる。   The fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention can prevent a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell main body without wasting the heat energy balance in the system, and further generate hydrogen gas from excess water. Therefore, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell body, and it can be used extremely beneficially in the industry.

本発明に係る燃料電池発電システムの実施形態の概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention. 従来の燃料電池発電システムの一例の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of an example of the conventional fuel cell power generation system. 従来の燃料電池発電システムの他の例の概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the other example of the conventional fuel cell power generation system.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 都市ガス
２ 空気
３ 排ガス
４ 一酸化炭素ガス
１０ 燃料電池発電システム
１０ａ〜１０ｇ 配管
１１ 送給ファン
１２ 熱交換器
１３ 燃料電池本体
１４ 送給ファン
１５ａ 熱交換器
１５ｂ 排ガスボイラ
１６ 燃焼室
１７ 煙突
１８ 都市ガス源
１９ 一酸化炭素ガス源 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 City gas 2 Air 3 Exhaust gas 4 Carbon monoxide gas 10 Fuel cell power generation system 10a-10g Piping 11 Supply fan 12 Heat exchanger 13 Fuel cell main body 14 Supply fan 15a Heat exchanger 15b Exhaust gas boiler 16 Combustion chamber 17 Chimney 18 City gas source 19 Carbon monoxide gas source

Claims (3)

固体酸化物形の燃料電池本体と、
前記燃料電池本体の燃料極へ炭化水素ガスからなる燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給手段と、
前記燃料電池本体の空気極へ酸素を含有する酸化ガスを供給する酸化ガス供給手段と、
前記燃料電池本体から排出された使用済みの前記燃料ガスの少なくとも一部を当該燃料電池本体の前記燃料極へ再び供給する燃料ガス循環手段と
を備えている燃料電池発電システムにおいて、
前記燃料電池本体の前記燃料極へ一酸化炭素を供給する一酸化炭素供給手段を備えている
ことを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。 A solid oxide fuel cell body;
Fuel gas supply means for supplying a fuel gas comprising a hydrocarbon gas to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell body;
Oxidizing gas supply means for supplying an oxidizing gas containing oxygen to the air electrode of the fuel cell body;
In a fuel cell power generation system, comprising: a fuel gas circulation means for supplying at least a part of the used fuel gas discharged from the fuel cell main body to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell main body again.
A fuel cell power generation system comprising carbon monoxide supply means for supplying carbon monoxide to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell main body. 請求項１において、
前記一酸化炭素供給手段が、前記燃料ガス供給手段で前記燃料極へ供給する前記燃料ガスの供給量と前記燃料ガス循環手段で前記燃料極へ供給する使用済みの前記燃料ガスとの合計量に対して１０〜４０mol％の割合で前記一酸化炭素ガスを供給するものである
ことを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。 In claim 1,
The carbon monoxide supply means has a total amount of the supply amount of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel electrode by the fuel gas supply means and the used fuel gas supplied to the fuel electrode by the fuel gas circulation means. The fuel cell power generation system is characterized in that the carbon monoxide gas is supplied at a rate of 10 to 40 mol%. 請求項１又は請求項２において、
前記一酸化炭素供給手段が、化学プラントで副生した一酸化炭素ガスを前記燃料極へ供給するものである
ことを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。 In claim 1 or claim 2,
The fuel cell power generation system, wherein the carbon monoxide supply means supplies carbon monoxide gas by-produced in a chemical plant to the fuel electrode.
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