JP2007070871A - Tunnel boring machine and tunnel boring method using it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel boring machine capable of being easily recovered after a tunnel with a predetermined length is bored while a pipeline is formed. <P>SOLUTION: A large-diameter cutter head capable of wholly excavating ground ahead of an outer shell body 1 is constituted by adding an outer periphery-side spoke body 4b1 to a spoke body 4a1 which constitutes a small-diameter cutter head 4a. The cutter head 4a, which can be removed integrally with a boring machine body A to the side of a starting shaft through the pipeline P, is constituted by removing the spoke body 4b1. After the completion of tunnel boring, the diameter of the cutter head 4 is reduced; guide rollers 6a and 6b are mounted on a back end of an inner shell body 2 of the boring machine body A and a lower peripheral part of the contracted cutter head 4, respectively; and the boring machine body A equipped with the cutter head 4 is recovered and removed by being rolled on the pipeline, while being stably supported by the guide rollers 6a and 6b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator in which a pipe is formed while excavating a tunnel in the ground and then removed and recovered through the pipe, and a tunnel excavation method using the tunnel excavator.

  In tunnel construction work using the propulsion method or shield method to form a pipe in the ground, the tunnel excavator is dug from the starting vertical side toward the final vertical shaft, and the tunnel excavation is performed every time a certain length of tunnel is excavated. The tunnel excavator that has reached the reach shaft is usually recovered from the reach shaft to the ground, by continuously adding buried pipes of a certain length in succession to the machine. If there is no reaching shaft due to the fact that there is an existing human hole on the arrival side, or if it cannot be recovered through the reaching shaft, the tunnel excavator is dismantled after excavation and started through the tunnel There is a problem that the shaft side must be removed and collected, and the removal and collection work requires significant labor and labor.

  For this reason, as described in Patent Document 1, in a tunnel excavator that forms a pipe in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel in the ground, the inner and outer diameters are approximately the same as the inner and outer diameters of the pipe. And a rear end face connected to and supported by the front end face of the pipe line, and an excavator main body disposed so as to be able to be pulled out into the outer pipe. The outer peripheral portion of the front and rear ends of the tube body is approximately the same length as that of the tubular body, and is detachably locked to the front end surface of the outer cylindrical body and the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the outer cylindrical body. The tube is rotatably supported by an inner cylinder mounted with guide rollers slidably in contact with the front and rear inner peripheral surfaces of the outer cylinder, and a partition wall provided integrally with the front of the inner cylinder. A cutter head that can be reduced in diameter to be smaller than the inner diameter of the path, and the cutter head And motion means, tunneling machine comprising a discharge means of the excavation soil excavated by the cutter head have been developed.

When excavating a tunnel with this tunnel excavator, the propulsive force from the start shaft side is transferred from the pipe line to the inner tube body that is locked to the outer tube body through the outer tube body, and the cutter is cut. When the head is excavated by the head and the tunnel is excavated to a predetermined length, the excavated earth and sand discharging means is collected and removed through the pipeline, and the cutter head is reduced in diameter to the diameter of the inner tube or less. After unlocking the inner cylinder with respect to the outer cylinder, the excavator body is pulled backward while the outer cylinder is buried in the excavation wall surface, and the excavator body is supported by the guide roller. Collected and removed through the pipeline.
Japanese Patent No. 2038809

  However, in the above tunnel excavator, guide rollers are attached to the front and rear portions of the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder in the excavator body, and the excavator body is supported while being supported by these guide rollers. In the case of a long inner cylinder, despite the fact that a heavy cutter head is provided on the front end side, it is relatively stable with almost no excessive load on the front and rear guide rollers. The excavator body can be recovered while rolling the wheel, but if the inner cylinder body length is shortened in order to make it easier to carry and reduce the weight, Excavator main body with front and rear guide rollers because the center of gravity of the excavator main body is greatly displaced to the front end side of the inner cylinder due to the large weight of the cutter head arranged on the front end side with the distance between the guide rollers reduced Support becomes extremely unstable, not only there is a possibility of damaging the inner circumferential surface of the pipe at the time of collection, risk also is a problem that it is dangerous caused to fall.

  Therefore, in the tunnel excavator having the above-described configuration, it is difficult to reduce the body length of the inner and outer cylindrical bodies to achieve weight reduction and ease of direction control, and there are also problems in handling and transportability. A point will be created.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to enable a cutter having a large weight on the front end side while enabling conveyance and directional control by weight reduction. The present invention provides a tunnel excavator that can be smoothly recovered in a stable state, and a tunnel excavation method using the tunnel excavator.

  In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention, as described in claim 1, forms a pipeline in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel, and after excavating a predetermined length of the tunnel, A tunnel excavator that is recovered rearward through a pipeline, and has an outer shell that is disposed on the front side of the pipeline and has an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pipeline. An excavator body disposed in the shell, and means for discharging excavated earth and sand; the excavator body is formed to have a smaller diameter than the pipe and is connected to the outer cylinder so as to be able to be pulled out rearward. The inner shell body that is supported and the partition wall provided integrally with the inner shell body are rotatably supported to excavate the front ground of the outer shell body. A cutter head that can be reduced to a small diameter, and a cutter attached to the rear surface of the partition wall And a guide roller that rolls on the pipe line is attached to the outer peripheral portion and inner shell of the reduced cutter head when the excavator body is recovered. .

  In the tunnel excavator configured as described above, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the inner shell is formed in a short cylindrical shape whose length is substantially equal to the length of the front portion of the outer shell. The inner surface of the outer shell body is removably fitted to the front inner peripheral surface, and the rear end is received by a thrust transmission member that is detachably fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer shell body in the longitudinal direction. In addition, a guide roller can be mounted on the rear end portion.

  The invention according to claim 3 is a tunnel excavation method using the tunnel excavator, wherein an outer shell body is disposed at a front end of a pipeline formed in the tunnel, and the excavator body is disposed in the outer shell body. The outer shell is connected to and supported by the inner shell body so that the inner shell body can be pulled out, and the outer shell is supported by a cutter head that can be reduced in diameter and supported by a partition wall in the excavator body while propelling the excavator body integrally with the outer shell body. The tunnel is excavated by excavating the ground in front of the body, and a pipeline is formed in the excavated tunnel. After excavation of the predetermined length of tunnel, the inner shell of the excavator body is connected to the outer shell And a rear guide roller capable of rolling on the pipe line is attached to the rear end part of the inner shell body, and the diameter of the cutter head is further reduced to pass the pipe line to the outer peripheral end of the reduced cutter head. Rollable front guide The chromatography La wearing, after accordingly, and recovering the excavating machine body rearwardly through excavator while supporting the body conduit by these front and rear guide rollers.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel excavation method according to the third aspect, the outer diameter of the outer shell is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the pipe, and the inner diameter is at least a front portion smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe. The inner shell body of the excavator body is supported in the front part so that the inner shell body can be pulled out rearward, and the rear end of the inner shell body of the excavator body is supported in the length direction of the outer shell body. In a state where it is received by the thrust transmission member that is detachably fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the central portion of the center, the propulsion force from the pipe side is excavated while being transmitted from the outer shell body to the excavator body through the thrust transmission member, After excavation of the tunnel of a predetermined length, a space portion is provided in the inner peripheral surface of the central portion of the outer shell body by removing the propulsion transmission member. The rear guide roller was installed so that it could be installed in a rollable position. The excavator body is moved backward so that the rear guide roller is positioned on the front end portion of the pipe line, and the cutter head whose diameter is reduced is positioned on the recess. After mounting the rollers, the excavator main body is collected while rolling these front and rear guide rollers on the pipeline.

  According to the tunnel excavator of the present invention and the tunnel excavation method using the tunnel excavator, a propulsive force acting on the outer shell connected to the front end surface of the pipe line is disposed in the outer shell during tunnel excavation. The excavator body can be smoothly excavated by the cutter head while being reliably transmitted to the excavator body through the inner shell body. When collecting, because the outer diameter of the cutter head is reduced to be smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe or outer shell, and the guide roller is mounted on the reduced outer peripheral portion, By mounting the rear guide roller on the inner shell with this guide roller on the front side, the above-mentioned front and rear guide rollers are disposed on the front and rear guide rollers, despite the fact that the cutter head is placed on the front side of the inner shell. Yo The excavator body can be supported in a stable state, and the excavator body can be smoothly recovered and removed without damaging the inner peripheral surface of the pipe line. Therefore, it is possible to relatively safely and easily carry out the collection work and the transport work when it is used again.

  In this way, since the cutter head is directly supported by the front guide roller, the entire excavator body can be stably supported by the front and rear guide rollers even if the inner shell is short, and thus the outer The shell body can also be shortened according to the length of the inner shell body. Therefore, when a backing material is injected between the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell body and the excavation ground, the shell body can reach the outer peripheral surface of the pipeline. The backing material can be reached in a short time, and the outer periphery of the pipe can be stabilized at an early stage, and the front part of the outer shell body and the front of the outer shell body with the rear side of the outer shell body as a fulcrum. It is possible to smoothly and largely refract the short inner shell body that is disposed in the inner part in a state of being fitted, and the direction control can be easily and accurately performed. The weight of the machine can be reduced, and handling such as conveyance is possible. One in which it is easy.

  Further, the outer shell body and the inner shell body of the excavator main body are, as described in claim 2 and claim 4, a short length of the inner shell body whose length is substantially equal to the length of the front portion of the outer shell body. It is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the rear end of the inner shell is received by a thrust transmission member fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the outer shell, so that it acts on the outer shell. The tunnel can be dug while reliably transmitting the propulsive force to the inner shell through the thrust transmitting member.

  In addition, after completion of excavation of a predetermined length of tunnel, a space portion is provided in the inner peripheral surface of the central portion of the outer shell body by removing the propulsion transmission member, and the space portion is used to provide the space at the rear end of the inner shell body. Since the rear guide roller is mounted so that it can be rolled on the pipeline, the rear guide roller can be mounted easily and accurately without moving the excavator body. After mounting the rear guide roller, the excavator body is moved backward so that the rear guide roller is positioned on the front end of the conduit and the cutter head having a reduced diameter is positioned on the recess. Since the front guide roller is mounted on the outer peripheral end of the outer shell, the inner shell has a short length corresponding to the length of the front portion of the outer shell, and a heavy cutter head is disposed in the front end opening. Is also Not, it is possible to mounting operation of the front and rear guide rollers it is possible to carry out easily and accurately, to these longitudinal guide rollers may reasonably reliably efficiency excavator body can be installed in the pipe path recovery.

  Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows that a pipe P is formed by propelling and embedding a pipe body p in the tunnel T while excavating the tunnel T by a propulsion method. FIG. 2 is a simplified vertical side view of a tunnel excavator, in which the outer diameter is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the pipe P to be formed over the entire length, and the inner diameter is at least the front (front half) of the inner diameter of the pipe P. The outer shell body 1 having a certain length that is slightly smaller in diameter, the excavator body A disposed in the outer shell body 1, and the earth and sand excavated by the excavator body A are discharged. And a discharging means B.

  The excavator body A is formed with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the conduit P, and is fitted and supported so that its outer peripheral surface can be slidably contacted with the inner peripheral surface of the front portion of the outer shell body 1 and pulled out rearward. A short cylindrical inner shell 2, an isolation 3 having an outer peripheral surface fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the central portion in the length direction of the inner shell 2, and a rotating shaft 5 rotating at the central portion of the partition wall 3. And a cutter head 4 that is freely supported. The cutter head 4 has an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer shell 1 during tunnel excavation, and the outer diameter of the cutter head A when the excavator body A is recovered. The guide roller 6a (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) is configured to be attachable to the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head having a reduced diameter.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutter head 4 has a front end of the rotary shaft 5 protruding forward from the front end of the inner shell 2, and from the front end of the rotary shaft 5 to the rotary shaft 5. A plurality of spoke bodies 4a1 (4 in the figure) whose length is shorter than the radius of the inner shell body 2 are radially projected in a direction orthogonal to the outer diameter direction (outer diameter direction). A cutter head whose excavation diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner shell body 2 by projecting a plurality of cutter bits 4a2 forward at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction on both sides and the center of the front surface of the body 4a1 4a1 is formed, and the outer end surfaces of all the spoke bodies 4a1 of the small-diameter cutter head 4a are integrally fixed to the four inner peripheral surface portions of the circular ring body 4c, and the spoke bodies 4a1 adjacent to each other by the circular ring body 4c. 4a1 are integrally connected to the outer end surfaces. When the excavator body A is collected, the front guide roller 6a is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the circular ring body 4c.

  Furthermore, the outer diameter of each of the spoke bodies 4a1 is extended by adding a short outer peripheral side spoke body 4b1 having a plurality of cutter bits 4b2 projecting from both sides and the center of the front surface. A large-diameter cutter head portion 4b reaching the outer diameter of the shell 1 is formed. These spoke bodies 4b1 are configured such that their inner end surfaces are detachably fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the circular ring body 4c by bolts and nuts. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the front guide roller 6a has a base plate 7b fixed to the inner end of a bearing 7a that rotatably supports the guide roller 6a. Installed at the desired position on the outer peripheral surface, with the connecting plate piece 7c applied to the inner peripheral surface of the circular ring body 4c facing the pedestal plate 7b, both sides of these pedestal plate 7b and connecting plate piece 7c Between the end portions, the ring body 4c is sandwiched by bolts and nuts 7d and is detachably fixed. Thus, since the guide roller 6a is attached to the ring body 4c, it can be disposed at an arbitrary position.

  In this cutter head 4, a large diameter capable of excavating the entire front ground of the outer shell body 1 by adding the outer spoke body 4 b 1 to the spoke body 4 a 1 constituting the small-diameter cutter head 4 a. By removing the outer spoke body 4b1, the cutter head 4 is reduced to a smaller diameter so that it becomes a small diameter cutter head 4a that can be recovered to the start shaft side through the pipe P integrally with the excavator body A. Although the spoke body 4a1 is formed in a hollow shape, the outer spoke body is retractably stored in the hollow spoke body, and is configured to protrude from the hollow spoke body by a jack provided in the hollow spoke body. It may be left. In addition, when the outer peripheral portion of the face plate-shaped cutter plate is formed in a detachable portion without being formed in the spoke-type cutter head whose outer diameter can be reduced in this way, The plate may have an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer shell body 1, and when removed, the plate may be configured to have a diameter that can be removed through the inside of the pipe P.

  Arm members 17 project from the rear outer peripheral portions of the spoke bodies 4a1 forming the small-diameter cutter head portions 4a of the cutter head 4 toward the rear, and the rear ends of these arm members 17 are formed into an annular frame member. The annular frame body 18 is integrally connected by 18 and is rotatably supported on the inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical support frame 19 projecting forward from the front outer peripheral portion of the partition wall 3. The internal gear 20 is fixed to the rear end surface of the annular frame 18, and the small gear 22 fixed to the rotating shaft of the drive motor 21 by attaching the drive motor 21 to the outer peripheral portion of the rear surface of the partition wall 3. The cutter head 4 is configured to be engaged with the internal gear 20 and rotated by the drive motor 21.

  On the other hand, the outer shell 1 has an outer cylinder part 1a having a constant outer diameter and a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the pipe P, and an inner part in the front part of the outer cylinder part 1a. The front and rear ends of the outer cylindrical portion 1a and 1d are integrally fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical portion 1a by the annular connecting plates 1c and 1d. The inner cylindrical portion 1b has a length substantially equal to the front portion (front half portion) of the outer shell body 1, that is, approximately half the length of the outer cylindrical portion 1a. The inner diameter of the pipe P is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe P. In addition, although the rear part (second half part) of the outer cylinder part 1a may be integrally continued with respect to the first half part, in the figure, it is divided with respect to the first half part.

  Further, the thrust is transmitted into the front end portion of the rear half portion of the outer cylindrical portion 1a which is separated from the annular connecting plate 1d on the rear side, which is fixed to the central portion of the outer shell body 1 in the longitudinal direction. A member 8 is provided, and the propulsive force from the pipe line P side is transmitted to the excavator body A side through the thrust transmission member 8. Specifically, the thrust transmitting member 8 is detachable at several places on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow ring-shaped base portion 8a and the base portion 8a whose thickness is equal to the thickness between the inner and outer cylindrical portions 1a and 1b of the outer shell body 1. The base portion 8a is detachably connected with its front end face in contact with the rear face of the rear connecting plate 1d, and the base portion 8a is detachably connected to the base portion 8a. The outer peripheral end face is integrally fixed to the inner peripheral face of the front end part of the rear half part of the outer cylindrical body 1 of the outer shell 1 by welding or the like, and the vertical plate part 8b 'of the transmission part 8b is connected to the inner part of the excavator body A. It is brought into contact with the rear surface of the connecting ring portion 2a that is integrally fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the shell body 2, and is detachably connected by bolts, nuts, or the like. The base portion 8a and the transmission portion 8b are integrally formed so that the base portion 8a can be separated into the center portion of the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical body 1, that is, the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the rear half portion of the outer cylindrical body 1. It may be fixed to.

  On the rear side of the thrust transmission member 8, that is, in the rear half of the outer cylindrical portion 1a, there is provided a space portion 9 where the inner cylindrical portion 1b does not exist and the rear inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical portion 1a is exposed. For example, direction control jacks 10 are arranged in the space 9 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, for example, in four directions. The front ends of these direction control jacks 10 are rotatably connected to a bracket 11a projecting rearward from the rear surface of the base portion of the thrust transmission member 8 by a shaft 12a. Is pivotally connected by a shaft 12b to a bracket 11b projecting from the front end of a short tube 13 fixed to the front end surface of the foremost pipe body p forming the pipe P. Therefore, the rear end of the outer shell 1 is connected to and supported by the front end of the pipe P through these direction control jacks 10. Further, a support ring portion 13a having a fixed length is projected from the outer peripheral portion of the short tube 13 toward the front, and the outer tube portion 1a of the outer shell 1 is interposed on the support ring portion 13a via a sealing material 16. The inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion is fitted in a refractive manner.

  Further, a space between the rear surface of the cutter head 4 and the front surface of the partition wall 3 is formed in a sand and sand chamber 14 in which the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 4 is taken and temporarily retained, and at the lower part of the partition wall 3 An earth and sand intake 15 facing the lower end of the earth and sand chamber 14 is provided, and the earth and sand intake 15 is connected to the front end opening of the earth and sand discharging means B formed of a screw conveyor in a penetrating state. The excavated sediment is discharged backward from 14 through this sediment discharge means B. Further, a back material injection pipe 23 opened to the excavation ground side is disposed at the front end portion of the outer shell body 1, and this back material injection pipe 23 is backed through the supply hose 24 from the excavator body A. It is comprised so that material may be supplied.

  Next, in order to construct the pipeline P in the ground by the tunnel excavator configured as described above, first, the tunnel excavator is installed in a start shaft (not shown) and a fixed length of fume pipe or the like. A pipe body p made of is connected via a direction control jack 10. In this state, the drive motor 21 is driven to rotate the cutter head 4, and the rear end face of the pipe body a is pushed forward by propulsion means comprising a plurality of propulsion jacks arranged in the start shaft, and the tunnel is dug. .

  Then, when the tunnel excavator propels for a certain length from the start shaft into the ground, the front end of the next pipe p is connected to the rear end of the pipe p, and the rear end of the pipe p is pushed forward by the propulsion means. The tunnel excavator is further excavated along the tunnel plan line while the head pipe p is followed by the pipe p. Hereinafter, every time a tunnel of a certain length is excavated by the tunnel excavator, the pipe is formed on the start shaft side. The body p is sequentially pushed forward while being connected to form the pipe line P.

  The propulsive force by the propulsion means is transmitted from the pipe body p to the outer shell body 1 through the direction control jack 10, and further, this thrust transmission is performed through the thrust transmission member 8 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer shell body 1. The excavator main body A excavates while pressing the cutter head 4 against the face ground, being transmitted to the connecting ring portion 2a of the inner shell 2 on the excavator main body A side connected to the transmitting portion 8b of the member 8. The earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 4 is taken into the earth and sand chamber 14 and discharged to the start shaft side by the earth and sand discharging means B. When the direction of the tunnel excavator is corrected or the curved tunnel portion is excavated while the tunnel T is being excavated, the direction control jack 10 is operated to integrate the outer shell body 1 with the top pipe body p. The excavator body A is refracted in a predetermined direction.

  Next, after excavating a tunnel of a predetermined length by this tunnel excavator to form a conduit P communicating with the reaching vertical shaft C, a method for removing and recovering the excavator main body A of this tunnel excavator to the start vertical shaft side will be described. To do. When the tunnel excavator reaches the reaching shaft C, first, a succeeding carriage such as a drive unit carriage or a back-filling carriage arranged behind the tunnel excavator is placed on a rail laid on the inner bottom portion of the pipe P (not shown). )) And move to the starting shaft side. Next, the earth and sand discharging means B comprising a screw conveyor is removed from the partition wall 3 and collected and removed to the start shaft through the pipe P (see FIG. 3). The collection work of the earth and sand discharging means B can be performed on a carriage that runs on the rail for moving the subsequent carriage arranged in advance on the inner bottom portion of the pipe P. Moreover, after removing this rail, you may mount on the roller trolley | bogie which drive | works on the inner bottom face of the pipe line P. FIG. By doing so, a wide movement space can be taken and the transportability is improved.

  Further, the cutter head 4 is reduced so that its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe P. At this time, when the outer diameter of the cutter head 4 is formed so as to be expandable / contractible by a jack, it may be reduced by the jack. However, the spoke body 4a1 constituting the small-diameter cutter head 4a is connected to the outer spoke member. In the case of the cutter head 4 formed by adding 4b1, the outer diameter spoke body 4b1 is reduced in diameter by removing the outer circumference spoke body 4b1, and the outer peripheral side spoke body 4b1 is connected through a port (not shown) provided in the partition wall 3 Carry it into P and collect it on the start shaft side, or collect it from the reaching shaft side to the ground side.

  In addition, since the outer shell 1 has entered the reach shaft C, the upper peripheral portion of the front half of the outer shell 1 consisting of the inner and outer cylindrical portions 1a and 1b is separated from the latter half of the outer cylindrical body 1a. Separate and collect from the vertical shaft C to the ground side and remove. In addition, when the excavator main body A is recovered to the start vertical shaft side after excavating the tunnel to a predetermined length when the reaching vertical shaft C does not exist, the tubular body constituting the entire outer shell 1 is the pipe P It is left as a tunnel lining body together with p. In this case, it is not necessary to divide the outer cylinder 1a of the outer shell 1 forward and backward.

  Further, the direction control jack 10 disposed in the space 9 on the inner surface of the rear half of the outer cylinder portion of the outer shell 1 is removed and removed, and the excavator main body A is detached from the outer shell 1. Do. In this operation, first, the thrust transmission member 8 connected to the rear end connecting ring portion 2a in the inner shell 2 of the excavator body A is removed. This operation is performed after the transmission part 8b of the thrust transmission member 8 and the connection ring part 2a are disconnected and the connection between the transmission part 8b and the base part 8a of the thrust transmission member 8 is removed and the transmission part 8b is removed. The base portion 8a is separated from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical portion 1a in the outer shell 1 by fusing or the like and removed. Since the thrust transmission member 8 is removed, a space portion 9a communicating with the front end side of the space portion 9 is formed on the rear side of the connecting ring portion 2a of the excavator body A. The space portion 9a is used to The mounting operation of the rear guide roller 6b is performed on the rear end surface of the coupling ring portion 2a, and the guide base plates 24a and 24b are laid and fixed in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rear half portion of the outer cylindrical portion 1a in the upper and lower portions in the space portion 9. .

  These upper and lower guide base plates 24a and 24b are made of rectangular plates having a constant width equal to the length of the space 9 and curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction of the outer shell 1, and the outer cylinder portion 1a. In the case where the inner peripheral surface is laid in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the upper and lower parts of the latter half, the inner peripheral surface is formed to have a thickness that is flush with the upper and lower inner peripheral surfaces of the pipe body p at the foremost end in the pipe P. Further, the lower guide base plate 24b has an excavator body A supported by the front inner peripheral surface of the outer shell 1 at the intermediate portion in the width direction and the length direction of the upper surface (inner peripheral surface). A small spacer member 25 having a thickness equal to the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the inner shell 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the guide base plate 24b is provided. The spacer member 25 is also formed in a curved surface whose upper and lower surfaces are curved in an arc shape in the width direction.

  On the other hand, the rear guide roller 6b is rotatably supported at the tip of the bearing 26, and is attached by fixing the front end surface of the bearing 26 to the rear end surface of the connecting ring portion 2a with a bolt or the like. At this time, the guide roller 6b is mounted so as to be disposed at a height position where the guide roller 6b can roll on the pipe P from the guide base plate 24b. Two guide rollers 6a and 6b are attached to each of the two, and the lower guide rollers 6b and 6b are mounted at positions where the spacer member 25 can be rolled on both sides of the lower guide base plate 24b. The upper guide rollers 6b and 6b are located at the same interval in the circumferential direction between the lower guide rollers 6b and 6b, and can be rolled on both sides of the upper guide base plate 24a. is there. Since the excavator main body A is supported by the pair of lower guide rollers 6b and 6b, the upper guide rollers 6b and 6b and the guide base plate 24a are not necessarily provided.

  Thus, after attaching the rear guide rollers 6b and 6b to the rear end portion of the inner shell 2 of the excavator body A, a tow rope (not shown) is connected to the excavator body A and pulled backward to excavate. These rear guide rollers 6b, 6b supporting the rear end portion of the machine body A are rolled on both sides of the guide base plate 24b as shown in FIG. When the cutter head 4 (reduced diameter small-diameter cutter head portion 4a) reaches the space 9a after the thrust transmission member 8 is removed, the cutter head 4 is temporarily stopped.

  At this time, the front end portion of the inner shell body 2 of the excavator body A is detached rearward from the inner peripheral surface of the front half portion of the outer shell body 1 receiving the inner shell body 2, so that the cutter is heavy. The excavator body A tries to tilt downward with the rear guide rollers 6b and 6b as fulcrums due to the load of the head portion 4a. However, the excavator body A is moved backward to place the rear guide rollers 6b and 6b on both sides of the spacer member 25. After the front end of the inner shell 2 of the machine main body A is detached rearward from the outer shell 1, the inner shell 2 of the excavator main body A is placed on the upper surface of the spacer member 25. Even if the lower peripheral surface is received while being slid, and the cutter head portion 4a reaches the space portion 9a, the front and rear portions of the inner shell 2 of the excavator body A are separated by the spacer member 25 and the rear guide roller 6b. , 6b, and can be tilted by the weight of the cutter head 4a. .

  When this cutter head portion 4a reaches the space portion 9a, the space portion 9a is used at that position to the outer circumferential surface of the upper and lower circumferential portions of the circular ring body 4c of the cutter head portion 4a. A pair of front guide rollers 6a and 6a are mounted at the same intervals as the rear guide rollers 6b and 6b. As described above, the mounting is performed by applying the base plate 7b fixed to the inner end of the roller bearing 7a to a predetermined position on the outer peripheral surface of the circular ring body 4c and facing the base plate 7b so as to face the circular ring body 4c. The connecting plate piece 7c is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the base plate 7b and the both side ends of the base plate 7b and the connecting plate piece 7c are fixed by bolts and nuts 7d.

  When the excavator main body A is pulled backward after the front guide rollers 6a and 6a are mounted in this way, the front and rear guide rollers 6a and 6b supporting the excavator main body A are on the pipe P as shown in FIG. It moves backwards toward the start shaft while rolling, and is collected and removed through the start shaft. The excavator main body A is used again after being removed from the front and rear guide rollers 6a and 6b and then incorporated into the outer shell 1 during the next tunnel construction.

A longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator. The front view of a cutter head. The longitudinal section side view of the tunnel excavator after reaching the reach shaft. The longitudinal section side view which shows the state in the middle of the retreat start of an excavator main body. The longitudinal section side view of the state where the excavator body was stopped at a position retracted by a predetermined length. The front view which shows the mounting state of a rear part guide roller. The vertical side view of the state which collect | recovers the excavator main body.

Explanation of symbols

P Pipe line A Excavator body 1 Outer shell 2 Inner shell 4 Cutter head
6a, 6b Front and rear guide rollers 8 Thrust transmission member 9, 9a Space
10-way control jack

Claims (4)

  A tunnel excavator that forms a pipeline in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel, and is recovered backward through the pipeline after excavation of a predetermined length of tunnel, disposed on the front side of the pipeline An outer shell whose outer diameter is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pipe, an excavator body disposed in the outer shell, and a means for discharging excavated earth and sand. Is connected to and supported by an inner shell body that is smaller in diameter than the conduit and is connected to and supported by the outer cylinder so as to be able to be pulled out rearward, and a partition wall that is provided integrally with the inner shell body. A cutter head that is supported and excavates the ground in front of the outer shell body, and whose outer diameter can be reduced to a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the pipe line during recovery, and a cutter head drive unit mounted on the rear surface of the partition wall. The cutter head is reduced in diameter when the excavator body is collected. Tunneling machine, characterized by being configured to mount the rolling guide rollers the tube path in the outer peripheral portion and an inner shell.   The inner shell is formed in a short cylindrical shape whose length is substantially equal to the length of the front part of the outer shell, and the outer peripheral surface thereof can be pulled out rearward to the front inner peripheral surface of the outer shell. It is configured so that it is fitted inside, and the rear end is received by a thrust transmission member that is detachably fixed to the inner peripheral surface in the lengthwise direction of the outer shell, and a guide roller can be mounted on the rear end. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1.   An outer shell body is disposed at the front end of a pipe line formed in the tunnel, and the inner shell body of the excavator body is connected to and supported in the outer shell body so that it can be pulled out. The excavator body is integrated with the outer shell body. The tunnel is pierced by excavating the front ground of the outer shell body by a cutter head that can be reduced in diameter and supported by a partition wall in the excavator main body while being propelled in a propulsion manner, and a pipe line in the excavated tunnel After the excavation of the tunnel of a predetermined length is completed, the rear guide roller that can disengage the inner shell body of the excavator body from the outer shell body and roll on the pipe line at the rear end portion of the inner shell body Furthermore, the diameter of the cutter head is reduced, and a front guide roller that can roll on the pipe line is attached to the outer peripheral end of the reduced cutter head, and then excavated by these front and rear guide rollers. The machine body is supported Tunneling method characterized by recovering said excavator body rearwardly through conduit while.   The outer diameter of the outer shell body is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the pipe line, and the inner diameter is formed at least at the front part smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe line. The rear end of the inner shell of the excavator body is supported by a thrust transmission member that is detachably fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the central portion in the length direction of the outer shell. Then, the outer shell body is excavated while transmitting the propulsive force from the pipe side to the excavator body through the thrust transmission member from the outer shell body, and after the completion of excavation of a predetermined length of the tunnel, the outer shell body is removed by removing the propulsion transmission member. An excavator is provided with a space provided on the inner peripheral surface of the central portion of the inner shell, and a rear guide roller is mounted at the rear end of the inner shell using the space so that the mounting position can be rolled on the pipeline. Retract the main body and position this rear guide roller on the front end of the pipe. The cutter head having a reduced diameter is positioned on the recess, and a front guide roller is mounted on the outer peripheral end of the cutter head at this position, and then the excavator is moved while rolling these front and rear guide rollers on the pipeline. The tunnel excavation method according to claim 3, wherein the main body is collected.

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