JP2007063754A - Grating for side ditch cover - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grating for a side ditch cover on which surface water can be prevented from passing, and which enables the surface water to be efficiently discharged into a side ditch from a road surface. <P>SOLUTION: In this grating 20 for the side ditch cover, a lattice is formed by making a plurality of plate member 26 and a plurality of rod members 36 cross one another, and the plate thickness of the longitudinally perpendicular cross section of the plate member 26 is decreased toward the upper end of the cross section. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grating for a gutter lid used as a gutter lid for draining surface water from a road surface.

  When it rains, it becomes surface water and flows on the road surface. The surface water flowing on the road surface includes not only rainwater that has been poured directly onto the road, but also rainwater that flows into the road from adjacent areas. If the surface water flowing on the road surface is left unattended, the surface water gathers in depressions and the like, and the road is flooded, which may cause traffic problems. In addition, roads and surrounding slopes may weaken and collapse. Therefore, a gutter is provided as part of the road drainage facility, and surface water is drained from the road surface to the gutter to prevent flooding of the road (see Non-Patent Document 1).

There is a concrete gutter as a permanent gutter. There are concrete side grooves of various cross-sectional shapes such as L-shaped side grooves, U-shaped side grooves, and semicircular side grooves. L-shaped side grooves are often provided on the shoulders of roads in urban areas, and are also called street lamps. U-shaped side grooves are widely provided not only at the shoulders of roads but also at various locations such as the shoulders, slopes, and slopes.
When providing a U-shaped side groove, it must be prevented that the U-shaped side groove hinders the passage of vehicles and pedestrians. For this reason, the U-shaped side groove is often covered with a side groove cover. An example of the U-shaped side groove covered with the side groove cover is shown in FIGS. 4 (i) and (ii). The side groove cover 16 is formed of a rectangular concrete flat plate. In urban areas, the gutter lid 16 may be shaped like an L-shaped gutter. And the side groove cover grating 20 is installed between the side groove covers 16 at regular intervals.

The side groove lid grating 20 includes a steel receiving frame 22, a plurality of elongated steel plate members 26, and a plurality of steel rod members 36. The plate member 26 and the bar member 36 are orthogonal to each other to form a lattice, and the receiving frame 22 surrounds the periphery of the lattice.
A long flat plate having I-shaped steel or a rectangular cross section is used as the plate member 26. A round bar or a square bar having a square cross section is used as the bar member 36. A torsion bar obtained by twisting a square bar around the axis may be used as the bar member 36.

  The cross-sectional area of each plate member 26 is wider than the cross-sectional area of each bar member 36, and the strength of each plate member 26 is stronger than the strength of each bar member 36. Further, the interval L2 between the adjacent plate members 26 is shorter than the interval L1 between the adjacent bar members 36. Therefore, the strength of the side groove cover grating 20 against the external force acting from the longitudinal direction of the plate member 26 is stronger than the strength of the side groove cover grating 20 against the external force acting from the longitudinal direction of the bar member 36.

The longitudinal direction of the plate member 26 coincides with the direction of the cross gradient of the road 10. Therefore, the side pressure acting on the side groove cover grating 20 from the vehicle traveling on the road 10 acts in the longitudinal direction of the plate member 26, and the side groove cover grating 20 is prevented from being damaged by this side pressure.
The installation interval between the side groove lid gratings 20 is determined in consideration of various conditions such as the weather, topography, and traffic volume of the area where the road 10 is constructed. In general, the installation interval between the side groove cover gratings 20 is relatively short on the road 10 managed by the country, and the installation interval between the side groove cover gratings 20 is relatively low on the road 10 managed by the local government. It is getting longer. In many cases, the mountain road 10 is managed by a local government. In such a mountain road 10, the installation interval between the side groove cover gratings 20 is relatively long.

The surface water on the road surface 12 first flows toward the gutter lid 16 according to the cross gradient of the road 10. Next, the surface water flows from the upper side of the longitudinal gradient of the road 10 toward the lower groove side grating 20. The surface water that has flowed to the side groove cover grating 20 falls through the gaps in the lattice of the side groove cover grating 20 and is drained into the U-shaped side groove 14.
Hiroshi Miki, 5 others, “New calculation example of civil engineering structure design calculation example of road civil engineering structure”, first edition, Sankai-do Co., Ltd., December 8, 2000, p. 189-214

In recent years, areas that have been hit by unexpected heavy rains are increasing due to global warming and the like. In some regions, the amount of precipitation during heavy rain is much higher than the expected amount of rainfall when designing the road 10 in that region.
When the mountain road 10 is hit by an unexpected heavy rain, a large amount of rainwater becomes surface water and flows down the road surface 12 and is drained from the gutter lid grating 20 to the U-shaped side gutter 14. In the mountain road 10 where the installation interval between the side groove cover gratings 20 is relatively long, the surface water flowing to the side groove cover grating 20 is also aided by the steep vertical slope of the road 10. The flow rate is very fast.

As shown in FIG. 5, when a large amount of surface water with a high flow velocity flows to the side groove cover grating 20, only a small amount of surface water falls into the U-shaped side groove 14 from the lattice gap of the side groove cover grating 20. Only. The remaining surface water passes over the gutter lid grating 20 as it is, and the surface water flows like a river on the road surface 12.
According to the knowledge of the inventor, it is considered that the following phenomenon occurs on the grating 20 for the side groove cover. That is, a large inertial force is acting on the surface water having a high flow velocity that flows to the grating 20 for the gutter lid. When the surface water reaches the side groove cover grating 20, the reaction force acts on the surface water from the upper end surface of the plate member 26 of the side groove cover grating 20. When these inertial forces and reaction forces act on the surface water, the surface water moves so as to jump on the upper end surface of the plate member 26 in order. As a result, a considerable amount of surface water passes as it is over the gutter lid grating 20.

When surface water passes over the gutter lid grating 20 and further flows down the road surface 12, surface water accumulates in depressions and the like, flooding the road 10, and weakening the road 10 and surrounding slopes. It will collapse.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to prevent surface water from passing over the grating for the side groove cover as it is, and efficiently convert surface water from the road surface into the side groove. It is to provide a grating for a gutter lid that can be drained.

  The present invention adopts the following configuration in order to solve the problem. The grating for gutter lid according to the invention of claim 1 has a plurality of first members and a plurality of second members, and the first member and the second member intersect each other. Thus, the grating for the side groove lid that forms the lattice, the plate thickness in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first member decreases toward the upper end of the cross section.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the plate thickness of the first member decreases toward the upper end of the cross section, the area of the upper end surface of the first member is reduced.
If the area of the upper end surface of the first member is reduced, the reaction force acting on the surface water moving above the upper end of the first member is reduced. When the reaction force acting on the surface water from the upper end of the first member decreases, the surface water that can move to above the adjacent first member decreases, and the surface water that falls from the gap between the first members increases. That is, the amount of surface water that moves so as to jump on the first member in order is reduced. By adjusting the plate thickness at the upper end of the first member, the magnitude of the reaction force acting on the surface water from the upper end of the first member can be adjusted. For example, if the plate thickness at the upper end of the first member is zero and the area of the upper end surface of the first member is zero, the reaction force that acts on the surface water from the upper end of the first member becomes extremely small.

It is possible to round off the upper end of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first member. When the upper end of the first member is rounded into a curved surface, the direction of the reaction force acting on the surface water from the upper end of the first member is dispersed. When the direction of the reaction force is dispersed in this way, the surface water is scattered and easily falls from the gap between the first members.
Such a first member can be easily manufactured by, for example, continuously grinding a part of an elongated steel plate member in the longitudinal direction.

The grating for a side groove cover according to the invention of claim 2 is the grating for the side groove cover according to claim 1, wherein at least an upper end side portion of the front side surface of the first member is inclined forward. is doing.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the surface water that has reached the upper end of the first member flows down by being guided by the inclination of the front side surface of the first member, and is drained into the gutter.

The grating for the side groove cover according to the invention of claim 3 is the grating for the side groove cover according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the interval between the adjacent first members is the adjacent second member. For the interval between
(Spacing between adjacent first members) ≧ (Spacing between adjacent second members)
It has become.
According to invention of Claim 3, the space | interval of 1st members can be lengthened and surface water becomes easy to fall from the clearance gap between 1st members.
The interval between the first members and the interval between the second members can be the same length, and the gap between the lattices formed by the first member and the second member can be square. Moreover, the space | interval of 1st members can be made longer than the space | interval of 2nd members, and the clearance gap of the grating | lattice formed by a 1st member and a 2nd member can also be made into a rectangle.

  When the interval between the first members becomes longer, the number of first members that the groove for the side groove cover has per unit length decreases. Even if the number of first members decreases, the strength of each first member increases if the cross-sectional area of the first member is increased. Therefore, even if the longitudinal direction of the first member coincides with the transverse direction of the road, the grating for the side groove cover can have sufficient strength against the side pressure from the vehicle traveling on the road. In order to increase the cross-sectional area of the first member, for example, the plate thickness of the first member may be increased, or the vertical height of the first member may be increased.

  Since the grating for the side groove cover is as described above, the surface water can be prevented from passing over the grating for the side groove cover as it is, and the surface water can be efficiently drained from the road surface to the side groove.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a grating for a side groove cover according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (i) is a top view of the grating for a side groove cover, and FIG. 1 (ii) is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 1 (i). FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the movement of surface water on the grating for the side groove cover according to the present invention.

First, the configuration of the side groove lid grating 20 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1 (i), a U-shaped side groove 14 is provided on the shoulder of the road 10. This road 10 is a mountainous road managed by a local government and has a steep vertical gradient. As shown in FIGS. 1 (i) and (ii), the upper side of the U-shaped side groove 14 is covered with a side groove cover 16. The side groove cover 16 is formed of a rectangular concrete flat plate. Between the side groove covers 16, side groove cover gratings 20 are installed at regular intervals.

The side groove cover grating 20 includes a steel receiving frame 22, a plurality of elongated steel plate members 26, and a plurality of steel rod members 36.
The receiving frame 22 has a mouth shape and has a pair of mutually parallel frame edges 24A and a set of mutually parallel frame edges 24B. The frame edge 24A is made of an elongated plate-like member, and has a rectangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The frame edge 24B is made of L-shaped steel. The length of the frame edge 24A is shorter than the length of the frame edge 24B. The longitudinal direction of the frame edge 24A coincides with the direction of the crossing gradient of the road (the vertical direction in FIG. 1 (i)), and the longitudinal direction of the frame edge 24B is the direction of the longitudinal gradient of the road 10 (the horizontal direction of FIG. 1 (i)). ).

  The plate member 26 forms a first member and has a front side surface 28 and a rear side surface 30. In the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate member 26, the distance between the front side surface 28 and the rear side surface 30 is the plate thickness of the plate member 26. The plate thickness of the plate member 26 decreases toward the upper end of the plate member 26, and the plate thickness of the plate member 26 is zero at the upper end of the plate member 26. That is, the plate member 26 has a triangular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and one vertex of the triangular cross section continuously forms the ridge 32 in the longitudinal direction of the plate member 26, and the ridge 32 is the plate member 26. It is located at the top edge.

A notch (not shown) is formed in the ridge 32 of the plate member 26 at regular intervals L 1, and the notch has a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the bar member 36.
Each plate member 26 is fixed inside the mouth shape of the receiving frame 22. Each plate member 26 is attached in parallel to the frame edge 24 </ b> A, and the longitudinal direction of the plate member 26 coincides with the direction of the transverse gradient of the road 10. The interval between adjacent plate members 26 is L2, and the relationship L2> L1 is established. The ridge 32 at the upper end of each plate member 26 faces the upper surface side (the upper side in FIG. 1 (ii)) of the grating 20 for gutter cover. The front side surface 28 of each plate member 26 forms an inclined surface and is inclined forward, that is, toward the lower side of the longitudinal gradient of the road 10 (left side in FIG. 1 (i)). The inclination angle formed by the front side surface 28 with respect to the plane formed by the receiving frame 22 is θ. The front side surface 28 of the plate member 26 faces the lower side of the longitudinal gradient of the road 10, and the rear side surface 30 of the plate member 26 faces the upper side of the vertical gradient of the road 10 (right side in FIG. 1 (i)).

The bar member 36 is a torsion bar, has a shape in which a square bar having a square cross section is twisted around an axis, and forms a second member. Each bar member 36 is fixed inside the mouth shape of the receiving frame 22, and the bar member 36 is engaged with the notch of the ridge 32 of the plate member 26. Each bar member 36 is attached in parallel to the frame edge 24 </ b> B, and the longitudinal direction of the bar member 36 coincides with the direction of the longitudinal gradient of the road 10. The interval between adjacent bar members 36 is L1.
The plate member 26 and the bar member 36 intersect with each other to form a lattice in the receiving frame 22. The gap between the lattices has a rectangular shape.

Next, the operation will be described.
When rain of a normal amount of precipitation occurs, the surface water on the road surface 12 first flows toward the gutter lid 16 according to the cross gradient of the road 10. Next, the surface water flows from the upper side of the longitudinal gradient of the road 10 toward the lower groove side grating 20. The surface water that has flowed to the side groove cover grating 20 falls through the gaps in the lattice of the side groove cover grating 20 and is drained into the U-shaped side groove 14. Therefore, the road 10 is prevented from being flooded by surface water on the road surface 12, and the road 10 and surrounding slopes are prevented from being weakened and collapsed.
When the amount of precipitation increases due to heavy rain on the road 10, a large amount of surface water flows down the road surface 12, and the flow velocity is fast.

  A large inertia force is acting on the surface water that has flowed down the road surface 12 and reached the grating 20 for the side ditch cover (see FIG. 2). When the surface water reaches the plate member 26 of the gutter lid grating 20, the reaction force acts on the surface water from the upper end of the plate member 26. However, the upper end of the plate member 26 is a ridge 32, the area of the upper end of the plate member 26 is close to zero, and the reaction force acting on the surface water from the ridge 32 is very small. The surface water moves on the side groove cover grating 20 almost by the action of inertial force, and tends to go to the lower side of the longitudinal gradient. Further, since the reaction force acting on the surface water from the ridge 32 is very small, the force acting in the vertical direction of the surface water is almost only gravity. For this reason, the surface water easily flows down along the front side surface 28 of the plate member 26, and a part of the surface water is drained from the front side surface 28 to the U-shaped side groove 14.

  The surface water that has not been drained from the front side surface 28 to the U-shaped side groove 14 tends to move toward the adjacent plate member 26 by inertial force. However, the interval L2 between the plate members 26 is longer than the interval L1 between the rod members 36, and the reaction force acting on the surface water from the ridge 32 of the plate member 26 is very small. And gravity acts on surface water. For this reason, a considerable portion of the surface water that has moved to the adjacent plate member 26 hits the rear side surface 30 of the adjacent plate member 26, falls as it is, and is drained into the U-shaped side groove 14.

Therefore, the amount of surface water that moves sequentially so as to jump from above the plate member 26 to above the adjacent plate member 26 is small. In this way, even if the surface water tries to pass over the side groove lid grating 20, most of the surface water falls into the U-shaped side groove 14 and is drained.
Since the grating 20 for the side gutter lid is as described above, surface water is drained from the road surface 12 to the U-shaped side gutter 14 to prevent flooding of the road 10 and to prevent weakening and collapse of the road 10 and surrounding slopes. Is done.

  When the distance L2 between the plate members 26 is increased, the surface water can be more easily dropped from the gap between the lattices. Increasing the distance L2 reduces the number of plate members 26. However, by increasing the cross-sectional area of the plate member 26, the side groove lid grating 20 can have sufficient strength. Therefore, the side groove cover grating 20 can be prevented from being damaged by the side pressure from the vehicle traveling on the road 10.

The plate member 26 can be easily manufactured by using an elongated plate member having a normal rectangular cross section as a raw material, and its manufacturing cost is low. The plate member 26 can be obtained by scraping off one continuous edge in the longitudinal direction of the plate member that is the raw material.
In the present embodiment, the ridge 32 is formed at the upper end of the plate member 26 and the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate member 26 is a triangle. However, this cross sectional shape is not limited to a triangle. Of course. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the plate member 26 can be shown in Modifications 1 to 5 in FIGS.

  In the first modification shown in FIG. 3I, the front side surface 28 of the plate member 26 includes a front side surface 28A on the upper end side and a front side surface 28B on the lower end side. The plate thickness between the front side surface 28 </ b> A and the rear side surface 30 decreases toward the upper end of the plate member 26. Further, the front side surface 28B and the rear side surface 30 are parallel to each other. Similar to the present embodiment, the plate member 26 can be easily manufactured using a long and narrow plate member having a normal rectangular cross section as a raw material.

  In the modified example 2 shown in FIG. 3 (ii), the upper end portion of the cross section of the plate member 26 is rounded, and the upper end of the plate member 26 is a curved surface. In this rounded portion, the plate thickness between the front side surface 28 and the rear side surface 30 decreases toward the upper end of the plate member 26. The curve forming the rounded portion can be an arbitrary curve such as an arc or a quadratic curve. The direction of the reaction force acting on the surface water from the curved surface at the upper end of the plate member 26 is dispersed, so that the surface water splashes toward the lattice gap of the side groove lid grating 20 and easily falls from the lattice gap. At the same time, it becomes difficult for surface water to move as it jumps over the plate member 26. Similar to the present embodiment, the plate member 26 can be easily manufactured using a long and narrow plate member having a normal rectangular cross section as a raw material. If the upper end surface of the plate member used as a raw material is cut and rounded, this plate member 26 is obtained.

  In Modification 3 shown in FIG. 3 (iii), a narrow upper surface 34 is formed at the upper end of the plate member 26, and the plate thickness between the front side surface 28 and the rear side surface 30 is at the upper end of the plate member 26. It is decreasing. If the width of the upper surface 34 is adjusted, the magnitude of the reaction force acting on the surface water from the upper end of the plate member 26 can be adjusted. Similar to the present embodiment, the plate member 26 can be easily manufactured using a long and narrow plate member having a normal rectangular cross section as a raw material.

  In the fourth modification shown in FIG. 3 (iv), the front side surface 28 of the plate member 26 includes a front side surface 28A on the upper end side and a front side surface 28B on the lower end side. The plate thickness between the front side surface 28 </ b> A and the rear side surface 30 decreases toward the upper end of the plate member 26, and a narrow upper surface 34 is formed at the upper end of the plate member 26. The front side surface 28B and the rear side surface 30 are parallel to each other. If the width of the upper surface 34 is adjusted, the magnitude of the reaction force acting on the surface water from the upper end of the plate member 26 can be adjusted. Similar to the present embodiment, the plate member 26 can be easily manufactured using a long and narrow plate member having a normal rectangular cross section as a raw material.

  3 (v), the front side surface 28 of the plate member 26 is composed of a front side surface 28A on the upper end side and a front side surface 28B on the lower end side, and the rear side surface 30 is a rear side surface on the upper end side. 30A and a rear side surface 30B on the lower end side. The plate thickness between the front side surface 28A and the rear side surface 30A decreases toward the upper end of the plate member 26, and the plate thickness between the front side surface 28B and the rear side surface 30B decreases toward the lower end of the plate member 26. is doing. A ridge 32 is formed at the upper end of the plate member 26, and a ridge 32 is also formed at the lower end of the plate member 26. If the plate member 26 having such a configuration is used, any surface of the side groove cover grating 20 may be installed upward, and the handling of the side groove cover grating 20 is facilitated.

Moreover, in this Embodiment and the modifications 1-4, the angle which the back side surface 30 makes with respect to the plane formed by the receiving frame 22 in each figure is 90 degree | times. Of course, this angle is not limited to 90 degrees, and the rear side surface 30 may be an inclined surface. If the rear side surface 30 is an inclined surface, the surface water hitting the rear side surface 30 is likely to fall along the rear side surface 30.
Further, in the present embodiment, the plate member 26 forming the first member and the bar member 36 forming the second member form a lattice, but instead, part or all of the second member. The plate member 26 may be used to form a lattice.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram of the grating for side groove covers based on this invention, (i) is a top view of the grating for side groove covers, (ii) is the II sectional view enlarged view of the II line of (i). It is explanatory drawing of the motion of surface water on the grating for gutter lids concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing of the board member which concerns on a modification, (i) is sectional drawing of the board member which concerns on the modification 1, (ii) is sectional drawing of the board member which concerns on the modification 2, (iii) is modification 3 Sectional drawing of the board member which concerns, (iv) is sectional drawing of the board member which concerns on the modification 4, (v) is sectional drawing of the board member which concerns on the modification 1. FIG. It is a block diagram of the grating for a conventional side groove cover, (i) is a top view of the grating for a side groove cover, (ii) is the II-II sectional enlarged view of (i). It is explanatory drawing of the motion of surface water on the grating for a conventional gutter lid.

Explanation of symbols

10 road 12 road surface 14 U-shaped side groove 16 side groove cover 20 side groove cover grating 22 receiving frame 24A, 24B frame edge 26 plate member 28, 28A, 28B front side surface 30, 30A, 30B rear side surface 32 ridge 34 upper surface 36 rod member L1 Spacing between rod members L2 Spacing between plate members θ Inclination angle of front side

Claims (3)

A grating for a side groove cover having a plurality of first members and a plurality of second members, wherein the first member and the second member intersect each other to form a lattice. ,
The grating for a side groove cover, wherein a plate thickness in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first member decreases toward an upper end of the cross section.   The grating for a side groove cover according to claim 1, wherein at least an upper end side portion of the front side surface of the first member is inclined forward. The grating for a side groove cover according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an interval between the adjacent first members is relative to an interval between the adjacent second members.
(Spacing between adjacent first members) ≧ (Spacing between adjacent second members)
Grating for gutter lid characterized by being.

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