JP2007053975A - Method for forming seaweed bed, and seed and sapling-containing mucus for forming seaweed bed - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for forming a seaweed bed, easy to construct and having a low construction cost, and to provide seed and sampling-containing mucus for forming a seaweed bed and to be used for the method. <P>SOLUTION: The method for forming the seaweed bed comprises a culturing process S1 of culturing seaweed sporophytes, a preparing process S2 of putting sand and dispersion of seaweed sporophytes in alginic acid aqueous solution followed by mixing to bring to seed and sampling-containing mucus, and a sticking process S3 of filling the seed and sampling-containing mucus adjusted in the preparing process S2 in a caulking gun, and letting a diver have the caulking gun and stick by pushing to the surface of a proliferating reef in the bottom of the sea. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for forming an algae field in which seaweeds such as arame, kajime, and hondawala thrive, and a seedling-containing mucus for seedling formation used therefor.

  In recent years, the “burning sea” phenomenon that seaweed beds have declined due to overeating of seafood that feeds on seaweed due to changes in coastal waters in Japan, environmental changes in coastal sea areas due to development of coastal areas and other human activities, etc. Is a problem.

  If the seaweed in the seaweed ground declines due to `` burning with seaweed '', it will cause a decline in abalone, tuna and other seafood that feed on seaweed, and aquatic species that live on the seaweed ground, and serious damage in the coastal fishery give. For this reason, large-scale seaweed restoration projects and artificial seaweed farms have been attempted throughout the country.

  Conventionally, as a method for forming a seaweed bed, seaweed has been established by installing an artificial fish reef body based on concrete, plastic, net, etc., or a base material such as a rope or net for fixing seaweed in the sea. It is done to provide a place that is easy to do. However, it takes a long time for seaweeds to naturally adhere to these substrates in the sea and become adults. For this reason, attempts have been made to artificially attach seaweed to a substrate to promote the formation of seaweed beds.

  For example, in the algae field formation method called the mother algae transplanting method, the mother algae are fixed to a concrete block or the like with an adhesive, and then submerged on the seabed, so that the algae field can be quickly developed without waiting for the growth to the mother algae. Can be formed.

  Also, in a method for forming a seagrass bed referred to as the spore back method, the mother algae are put in a net bag (spoor back) and floated in water. As a result, zoospores are released from the mother algae contained in the spore bag, which adheres to the surrounding seabed and grows to propagate the seaweed.

  Furthermore, in a method for forming a seedling basin called the seedling plate method, the seedling plate is immersed in a water tank containing an artificially cultured gametophyte, and then the gametophyte is attached, and then the seedling plate to which the gametophyte is attached is placed in the tank. And grow your gameto some extent. In this way, the seedling plate on which seaweed seedlings have settled is submerged on the seabed and fixed to the block on the seabed with adhesives or bolts. Thereby, the seedlings of seaweed can be reliably grown on the seabed.

Patent Document 1 discloses that a seaweed gametophyte dispersion is attached to a base material, and a water-soluble polymer is applied to the base material to fix the seaweed gametophyte, which is then submerged in the sea. A method for forming seaweed beds for growing seaweed is described.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2-86711

Furthermore, Patent Document 2 describes a seaweed formation method in which seaweed seedlings grown on seed yarn are attached to a base material together with the seed yarn, and this is attached to a seaweed formation block on the seabed.
JP 2002-247925 A (Claim 4)

Patent Document 3 discloses a method for forming a seaweed bed by laying a rope or net with a seed yarn in which spores or juveniles of large brown algae are vegetated, and installing it horizontally in the sea above the seabed to create a seaweed bed. Is described.
JP 2003-47353 A

  However, in the conventional method for forming a seaweed bed, it is necessary to fix the seaweed to the base material by some method and to install the fixed seaweed together with the base material in the sea. For this reason, the operation | work which fixes a seaweed to a base material on the ground must be performed, and also the base material which fixed the seaweed must be conveyed from a work place to the sea. Moreover, in order to fix the base material which fixed seaweed in the sea, work, such as fixing with a volt | bolt, in the sea is needed. For this reason, the construction cost has increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a method for forming an algae field that is easy to construct and has a low construction cost, and a seedling-containing mucus for seedling formation used therefor.

  The method for forming an algae bed according to the present invention includes a preparation step in which seedlings of seaweed are mixed into a viscous aqueous solution to form a seedling-containing mucus, and an adhesion step in which the seedling-containing mucus is attached to a substrate such as a rock mass or artificial reef in the sea It is characterized by providing.

  In the algae field forming method of the present invention, in the preparation step, seedling-containing mucus is prepared by mixing a seedling seedling of seaweed with a viscous liquid. Here, the seedlings of seaweed include everything that becomes algae leaf bodies by reproduction or growth, for example, algal zoospores, spores (follicular spores, shell spores, etc.), buds, leaf bodies, pulverization of leaf bodies A thing etc. can be used. Since a viscous liquid is used as the seedling-containing mucus, it can be easily attached directly to a base material such as a bedrock on the seabed or an artificial fish reef in the attaching step. The seedling-containing mucus adhering to the base material in this way contains what becomes algae leaf bodies by reproduction and growth, such as gametophytes and spores of seaweed, so that it adhered to the base material without being washed away by the ocean current. Can grow in state. In addition, since the attachment process is performed in the sea, it is not necessary to handle the substrate for attaching seaweed on the ground or to transport the substrate to which the seaweed is fixed to the seabed. Moreover, the work which fixes the base material which fixed seaweed in the sea by bolting etc. becomes unnecessary.

  Therefore, according to the method for forming a seaweed bed of the present invention, the construction work is simplified, and the construction cost can be extremely low.

  Base materials include rocks and stones that exist naturally in seawater, artificially installed trees, bamboo, stones, concrete, plastic, rubber, artificial fish reefs made of metal, artificial seaweed beds made of nets and ropes, etc. However, it is not limited to these.

  Moreover, there is no limitation in particular as a kind of seaweed, For example, it can apply to seaweeds of the order of a seaweed such as seaweed, seaweed, arame, and black seaweed, and Honda walla.

As the aqueous solution having viscosity used in the preparation step, any aqueous solution having a viscosity necessary for adhering seed and seedling-containing mucus to the substrate of the seabed without adversely affecting the growth of gametophytes or spores of seaweed is used. be able to. Examples of such aqueous solutions include those derived from natural products such as alginic acid, sodium alginate, carrageenan, seaweed containing agar (galactan), funolan, starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, wheat starch, corn starch and the like. And aqueous solutions of proteins such as glue, glue, gelatin and collagen. Examples of semisynthetic substances include aqueous solutions of cellulose derivatives such as viscose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, starch derivatives such as soluble starch and carboxymethyl starch, and alginic acid derivatives such as alginic acid alkylene glycol esters. . Furthermore, as synthetic substances, polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, acrylic resins such as poly (meth) acrylic acid and poly (meth) acrylamide and salts thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, polypinylpyrrolidone and the like Pinyl resins, butylene (maleic anhydride), isoprene (maleic) maleic acid, maleic compounds such as butadiene (maleic anhydride) and their salts, copolymers such as polypinyl alcohol-poly (meth) acrylic acid, boric acid Examples include aqueous solutions of crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol obtained by crosslinking polypinyl alcohol with sodium, etc., and hydrolysates of acrylic fibers, etc. Further, an aqueous solution in which two or more of these substances are mixed may be used.
Among these, alginic acid and / or alginate aqueous solution is easy to get entangled in the seaweed gametophyte or spore body, has excellent adhesion to the seabed and artificial reef, and has no adverse effect on seaweed or human body. Can be used particularly preferably. In order to prevent dissolution of alginic acid and alginate, polyvalent ion metal salts such as calcium can be added and insolubilized in advance, but seawater contains polyvalent metal ions. You don't have to.

  Moreover, in a preparation process, it is preferable to mix an inorganic granular material with the seedlings of seaweed with the aqueous solution which has viscosity. In this way, the inorganic granular material plays the role of a weight for firmly attaching the seedling-containing mucus to the base material such as the bedrock in the attaching process, and the seedling-containing mucus adhering to the bedrock or artificial reef of the seabed is caused by the ocean current etc. It can be prevented from peeling off. Any inorganic particulate material can be used as long as it can play the role of the weight. The addition amount of the inorganic particles may be appropriately selected according to the conditions such as the viscosity of the seedling-containing mucus, but is usually 10 to 40% by mass, more preferably 20 to 30% by mass. If the added amount of the inorganic particulate matter is too small, the effect as a weight for adhering to the substrate is reduced. Moreover, when there is too much addition amount of an inorganic granular material, the adhesive force to the base material of seedling containing mucus will become weak.

  The seedling-containing mucus for seedling formation of the present invention is used in the method for forming a seedling seedling of the present invention, and is characterized in that seedlings of seaweed are mixed in a viscous liquid.

  Since the viscous liquid is used for the seedling-containing mucus for seedling formation of the present invention, it can be easily attached to the bedrock of the seabed. Furthermore, since the seedling-containing mucus for seedling formation contains seaweed seedlings, it can grow in a state of being attached to a rock or an artificial reef without being washed away by the ocean current. In addition, since it can directly adhere to the rock in the sea, the construction work is simple and the construction cost is extremely low.

  Hereinafter, a specific embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described in comparison with a comparative example.

Example 1
In Example 1, a spore body of sandy rice, which is a seaweed of the order of the algae, and sand were mixed in an alginate aqueous solution, and this was applied to various structures in seawater. Details of the process (see FIG. 1) are shown below.

Incubation step S1
Put the mature salty algae mother algae in the aquarium and let stand for several hours to release the zoospores (see FIG. 2). Next, the zoospores are collected with a micropipette and transferred to a separate container, followed by stationary culture at a water temperature of 20 ° C. under a long day of 14 hours. When the grown gametophyte can be confirmed with the naked eye, it is switched to aeration culture under the same lighting and water temperature conditions (see FIG. 3). This culture condition is a condition in which the gametophyte can be continuously cultured. The gametophyte culture solution thus obtained is cut with a mixer, aerated at 18 ° C. for 10 hours under a short day, and further cut with a mixer when eggs are formed. By culturing for about 3 weeks, a free spore dispersion (350,000 / g, solid size: 0.2 to 0.5 mm) was obtained (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

Preparation step S2
The free spore body dispersion liquid prepared by said culture | cultivation process S1 is filtered, and a free spore body is taken out. Then, an alginic acid solution (3% by mass) in which seawater is dissolved in alginic acid is prepared, and 1 part by mass of free spores and 10 parts by mass of sand (average particle diameter of about 0.5 mm) with respect to 50 parts by mass of this alginic acid aqueous solution. Mix at a ratio to obtain seedling-containing mucus (see FIG. 6).

Adhesion process S3
The seedling-containing mucus prepared in this way was filled into a caulking gun, held by a diver, and dived into the sea (Toyohama, Minamichita-cho, Aichi Prefecture) at a temperature of about 18 ° C. Then, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the deposits on the surface of the breeding reef were removed with a spatula or the like, and the seedling-containing mucus was extruded and adhered to the surface of the concrete breeding reef with a caulking gun (see FIG. 9). ).

(Comparative Example 1)
In Comparative Example 1, no treatment was applied to the surface of the concrete breeding reef in the same area and at the same time as the sea area where Example 1 was performed.

<Result>
The photograph after four months after construction in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown in FIGS. In Example 1, many adults of salmon grown to 10 to 20 cm were observed, whereas in Comparative Example 1, no adults of salmon were observed.

(Example 2)
In Example 2, seedling-containing mucus was attached to a concrete plate installed in an experimental water tank filled with seawater. Other conditions are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

<Result>
In Example 2 described above, the leaf bodies of the salmon grew to about 3 cm two months after the construction. Progress photographs are shown in FIGS.

(Example 3)
In Example 3, seedling-containing mucus was attached to natural stones installed in an experimental water tank filled with seawater (see FIG. 16). Other conditions are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

<Result>
In Example 3 as well, as in Example 2, the leaf bodies of the salmon grew to about 3 cm two months after the construction. A time-lapse photograph is shown in FIG.

  The present invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments of the invention. Various modifications may be included in the present invention as long as those skilled in the art can easily conceive without departing from the description of the scope of claims.

  By using the seaweed formation method and the seedling-containing mucus containing the seaweed formation of the present invention, it is possible to easily and inexpensively form seaweed fields where seaweeds such as arame, kajime and hondawald thrive.

It is process drawing of the seaweed bed formation method of this invention. It is the Sagarame mother algae which collected the zoospore in Example 1. It is the photograph during culture of a sagameme gametophyte. It is a photograph during culturing of the salamander spores. It is a microscope picture of a sagarame spores. It is a photograph of the prepared seedling-containing mucus. It is the schematic diagram showing the process of the seaweed bed formation method. This is a photograph of removing deposits on the surface of the breeding reef with a spatula. It is a photograph in which seedling-containing mucus is attached to the surface of a breeding reef with a caulking gun. Example 1 is a photograph of 4 months after construction. 4 is a photograph at the time when 4 months have elapsed in Comparative Example 1. FIG. It is the photograph which looked at the concrete board to which the seedling containing mucus was made to adhere from the diagonal. It is the photograph which looked at the concrete board which made seeds and seedling containing mucus adhere from the top. It is a photograph at the time when 2 months have elapsed after construction of Example 2. It is a photograph at the time when 2 months have elapsed after construction of Example 2. It is a photograph of the place where seedling-containing mucus was attached to natural stone. It is the photograph at the time of two-month progress after Example 3 construction.

Explanation of symbols

S1 ... Cultivation process S2 ... Preparation process S3 ... Adhesion process

Claims (5)

A preparation step of mixing seedlings of seaweed into a viscous aqueous solution to make seedlings-containing mucus;
An adhesion step of attaching the seedling-containing mucus in the sea to a base material such as a rock mass or an artificial fish reef;
A method for forming a seaweed bed, comprising:   2. The method for forming a seaweed bed according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous solution having viscosity is an alginic acid aqueous solution and / or an alginate aqueous solution.   The method for forming an algae bed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, in the preparation step, an inorganic granular material is mixed with a seedling of seaweed in an aqueous solution having viscosity.   The method for forming an algae bed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic particulate matter is sand.   Seed and seedling-containing mucus for seaweed formation, wherein seedlings of seaweed are mixed in a viscous liquid.