JP2007031001A - Crane device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crane device with good working efficiency and operability by reducing constraint according to the circumstance of cargo work. <P>SOLUTION: In the crane device 1 provided with a trolley laterally traveling along a boom 13 and a spreader vertically movably hung down from the trolley, a sea side trolley 20A and a land side trolley 20B are provided and a sea side spreader 22A and a land side spreader 22B are hung down from those. Both spreaders 22A, 22B can each be independently vertically moved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crane apparatus that is disposed on a quay of a container yard and performs cargo handling.

In a container yard of a port terminal, a crane device called a container crane is used to handle a container that is loaded on a ship and transported. This crane apparatus is used for an operation of loading a container that has been placed on a trailer and transported by land within a container yard on a ship, or an operation of landing a container that has been loaded on a ship and transported by sea and loaded on a trailer.
Such a container crane travels on a rail laid on a quay and moves a trolley along a boom protruding toward a ship, thereby moving a spreader (a container suspension) moved onto a desired container. Is a device configured to handle a cargo by lifting and lowering the container.

Conventional container cranes are configured with one spreader for each trolley. However, the container handling amount of container ships tends to increase with the recent increase in ship size, so the handling time increases. Due to this, the berthing time can be extended. Extension of the berthing time leads to a rise in the berthing fee, so two spreaders are attached to one trolley so that two containers can be handled at one traverse to shorten the handling time. Has been proposed. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
In addition, a conventional container crane has been proposed in which a container relay stand is provided on the land side to improve the efficiency of cargo handling work. In this case, the configuration includes two sea-side trolleys that perform cargo handling work on the sea side (container ship side) and one land-side trolley that performs cargo handling work between the land-side relay station. The two sea-side trolleys are separated from each other, and each is designed to carry out cargo handling work independently. (For example, see Patent Document 2)
US Patent Application Publication No. 2003/0189348 JP 2000-143154 A

However, in the prior art described in Patent Document 1 described above, the two spreaders attached to the trolley move up and down at the same time. . In addition, when loading / unloading containers in a stepping stone row separated by one or more rows, or when loading / unloading between two trailers parked in parallel, the distance between the two containers held by the spreader Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to lift and suspend two units at the same time. Since the horizontal position adjusting cylinder is provided, it is possible to adjust the spreader interval. However, if the adjustable range (cylinder stroke) is set large, there is a problem that the cylinder becomes excessive.
On the other hand, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, there is a problem that the weight of the entire apparatus increases due to the installation of the relay stand and the addition of the number of trolleys. In this prior art, it is necessary to increase the number of operators due to the addition of the trolley.

Against this background, multiple containers can be handled at the same time, even with containers with different stacking heights or containers with stepping stones, and at the same time, it can be handled with multiple trailers arranged in parallel. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a crane apparatus that reduces the restrictions on cargo handling and improves work efficiency and operability.
This invention is made | formed in view of said situation, The place made into the objective is to reduce the restrictions according to the condition of cargo handling, and to provide a crane apparatus with favorable work efficiency and operativity.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The crane apparatus according to the present invention is a crane apparatus including a spreader in which a trolley traverses along a boom and is suspended from the trolley so as to be vertically movable, and a plurality of the trolleys are provided, and the spreader is suspended from each. In addition, the spreader is configured to be movable up and down independently.

  According to such a crane apparatus, since a plurality of trolleys are provided and the spreader is suspended from each of the crane apparatuses, and the spreader is configured to be movable up and down independently, each trolley operates independently to handle a plurality of containers. For example, a plurality of containers having different stacking heights or containers in a stepping stone row can be unloaded at the same time. In addition, containers can be handled at the same time even for multiple trailers arranged in parallel by each original operation tailored to the trailer side.

  In the above crane apparatus, the spreaders are preferably configured to be able to be coupled and separated from each other. Accordingly, when the spreaders are separated, the stacking heights are different or they are in a stepping stone row state. A plurality of containers can be handled at the same time, and containers can also be handled at the same time for a plurality of trailers arranged in parallel. Further, when the spreaders are combined, adjacent containers can be handled at the same time, and further, random shake that tends to occur during traversal can be suppressed to facilitate control.

  In the above crane apparatus, it is preferable to have a driver's cab that can be traversed independently of the trolley along the boom. The operation can be performed by moving the chamber.

  In the above crane apparatus, it is preferable that the interval between the spreaders can be adjusted in a state in which the spreaders are coupled, and thus, by finely adjusting the interval between the spreaders, for example, a plurality of spreaders can be connected. You can enter the cargo space for cargo handling, or grab a plurality of adjacent containers on the deck at the same time for cargo handling.

  In the crane apparatus described above, it is preferable that the spreader can be independently adjusted in rotation angle in a state where the spreader is separated, so that, for example, the stop position of the trailer rotates from the axis on the spreader side. Even if it is displaced, the container side can be aligned and loaded.

  In the crane apparatus described above, it is preferable that the spreader is separated and coupled while the trolley is traversed, and this makes it possible to shorten the handling time (cycle time).

  According to the above-described crane device of the present invention, a plurality of trolleys are provided to suspend the spreader from each, and the spreaders are configured to be able to move up and down independently of each other. A plurality of containers having different stacking heights or containers with stepping stones can be handled at the same time. In addition, cargo handling can be performed simultaneously with a plurality of trailers parked side by side in accordance with the stop position on the trailer side. Therefore, the remarkable effect that the restrictions of cargo handling are reduced significantly and the crane apparatus which improved work efficiency and operativity can be provided is acquired.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a crane device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A container crane 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a crane apparatus that is installed on a quay G of a container yard and handles a container C. The container crane 1 travels (transverses) between a crane main body 10 that travels and travels (longitudinal travel) along the quay G in parallel with the sea and the hull of the ship S, and a land trailer T and a marine ship S. The sea side trolley 20A and the land side trolley 20B, and the cab 21 that traverses independently from the sea side trolley 20A and the land side trolley 20B are provided.
The crane main body 10 is a steel structure mainly composed of a sea-side traveling leg 11 and a land-side traveling girder 12 that extend in the vertical direction, and a boom 13 and a middle girder 14 that extend in the horizontal direction. A traveling movement means (not shown) is provided that enables integral traveling movement along a rail (not shown) laid on the quay G.

The sea-side trolley 20 </ b> A and the land-side trolley 20 </ b> B are structures that can independently travel in the horizontal direction by travel-moving means (not shown) along the boom 13 projecting upward from the ship S. In this case, the sea-side trolley 20A and the land-side trolley 20B are guided to the same guide rail or the like (not shown), for example, and traversely move without being switched between the sea-side and the land-side.
And the sea side spreader 22A is suspended from the sea side trolley 20A, and the land side spreader 22B is suspended from the land side trolley 20B. The sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B are devices for grasping the container C, and are suspended from the sea side trolley 20A and the land side trolley 20B so as to be movable up and down via the wire ropes 23 of independent systems. ing. Each of the wire ropes 23 is provided with a winding device (not shown), and the spreaders 22A and 22B can be independently moved up and down by individually winding and unwinding the wire ropes 23.
In this case, the spreaders 22A and 22B are described as each holding one container C. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, each spreader 22A and 22B is a spreader that holds two containers C side by side in the traveling (longitudinal) direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

In addition, the boom 13 is provided with a cab 21 provided with a unique traveling movement means (not shown) protruding downward, separately from the sea-side trolley 20A and the land-side trolley 20B. The driver's cab 21 is a living space where an operator gets in and performs various driving operations. For example, the driver's cab 21 is guided by a dedicated guide rail (not shown) and parallel to the sea-side trolley 20A and the land-side trolley 20B along the boom 13. Independent traverse movement is possible.
Driving operation windows are formed around the cab 21, and by moving to an appropriate place, the operation panel and the like are operated while watching the surrounding conditions such as the container C to be handled, the sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B. It is now possible to carry out cargo handling work. Therefore, cargo handling work can be performed without increasing the number of operators.

Further, the sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B are configured such that end portions adjacent to each other in the transverse direction can be separated and coupled. The spreader 22A and 22B are separated and coupled remotely from the cab 21. As specific means, for example, an electromagnet ON / OFF, a railway vehicle coupler, or the like can be used.
By providing such a separating and coupling means, the sea-side spreader 22A and the land-side spreader 22B, as shown in FIG. It can be moved. As described above, when the spreaders 22A and 22B are integrally coupled, the random shake that is likely to occur during the traverse is suppressed and the stable traversal is enabled, so that the driving operation can be easily controlled.

Further, when cargo handling is performed between the trailers T1 and T2 that are on standby on land, as shown in FIG. 2B, the spreaders 22A and 22B can be separated to ensure a necessary interval. Similarly, if both spreaders 22A and 22B are separated, it is also possible to simultaneously handle containers C that are in a stepping stone row and spaced from each other.
Furthermore, since both spreaders 22A and 22B can move up and down independently, for example, as shown in FIG. 2C, containers C having different heights can be simultaneously loaded.

Moreover, it is preferable that the sea-side spreader 22A and the land-side spreader 22B described above can adjust the distance between the spreaders in a state where both spreaders are connected. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to provide an interval adjusting means so that the distance between the spreaders can be finely adjusted in the direction indicated by the white arrow in a state where both spreaders 22A and 22B are connected. .
If such an interval adjusting means is provided, for example, after finely adjusting the spreader interval in accordance with the hold defined by the cell guide 30, the spreader 22A, 22B is connected to the hold and the container C is unloaded. Alternatively, after the spreader interval is finely adjusted in accordance with the adjacent container C on the deck H of the ship S, the adjacent container C can be grabbed and handled at the same time.

Moreover, it is preferable that the sea-side spreader 22A and the land-side spreader 22B described above can independently adjust the rotation angle in a state where both spreaders are separated. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable to rotate the vehicle in both directions from mutually parallel reference positions (axis line L) so that the cargo can be handled in accordance with the stop positions of the trailers T1 and T2 having different stop positions.
Specifically, when the trailers T1 and T2 are stopped with the angles θ1 and θ2 rotated from the axis L of the reference position, the spreaders 22A and 22B are rotated by the angles θ1 and θ2 respectively to rotate the axis L1. By adjusting to L2 and L2, the container C can be handled in accordance with the stop positions of the trailers T1 and T2. Such rotation angle adjustment of the sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B can be performed, for example, by adjusting a sheave position (not shown).

Hereinafter, the effect | action of the container crane 1 mentioned above is demonstrated based on FIG. 5 thru | or FIG. 7 with the procedure of cargo handling work. 5 shows a case where two containers C loaded on the deck H of the ship S and adjacent in the transverse direction are landed.
Fig.5 (a) has shown the state which has the container crane 1 in a stop position. In this state, the ship S full of containers C contacts the quay G, and the sea-side trolley 20A and the land-side trolley 20B are integrally coupled at a predetermined stop position (standby position). Further, the sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B are wound up to a predetermined standby position.

  FIG.5 (b) has shown the state which the container crane 1 started cargo handling work. In this state, the crane body 10 travels along the quay to the desired loading position, and the boom 13 is positioned on the target container C to be loaded, that is, on the target position. In this state, the two trolleys 20A and 20B traverse along the boom 13 to the target position on the ship S while the two spreaders 22A and 22B are integrally coupled. At this time, the driver's cab 21 also moves laterally to the optimum position where both spreaders 22A and 22B that perform cargo handling can easily be seen.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5C, the sea-side spreader 22A and the land-side spreader 22B, which are integrally coupled, are simultaneously started to be lowered. The spreaders 22A and 22B thus wound down on the container C to be handled carry out fine adjustment of the distance between the spreaders as necessary, and then each holds the target container C at the same time.
In the next step, as shown in FIG. 5D, the spreaders 22A and 22B that hold the container C are wound up to a predetermined traversing position. In this way, the work of landing the container C from the ship S is completed.

Next, the procedure for loading / unloading the loaded container C onto the trailers T1 and T2 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the first step shown in FIG. 6 (a), both trolleys 20A and 20B traverse to the land side along the boom 13 and stop near the standby positions of the trailers T1 and T2 that are waiting in parallel in an empty state. To do. In this case, the sea side spreader 22A may be stopped in a state where it is aligned with the trailer T1 stopped on the sea side. Similarly, the cab 21 is appropriately moved to a position where it is easy to see the loading work on the trailers T1 and T2.
In the next step, as shown in FIG. 6B, both spreaders 22A and 22B are separated, and only the land-side spreader 22A traverses alone and stops at a position aligned with the trailer T2 stopped on the land side. To do.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6C, the lowering of the spreaders 22A and 22B is started, and the lowering of one of the spreaders is stopped at a predetermined standby position. In the illustrated example, the lowering of the land-side spreader 22B is stopped at the standby position. At the same time, the sea-side spreader 22A is wound down onto the trailer T1 after fine adjustment of the alignment with respect to the loading position of the trailer T1 is performed. Thereafter, the container C held by the sea side spreader 22A is released and placed on the loading position of the trailer T1.
In the next step, the land-side spreader 22B at the standby position is finely adjusted with respect to the loading position of the trailer T2, and then rolled down onto the trailer T2. Thereafter, the container C held by the land-side spreader 22B is released and placed on the loading position of the trailer T2.
As a result, the containers C grasped by the spreaders 22A and 22B are placed at the loading positions of the trailers T1 and T2, respectively.

In the next step, as shown in FIG. 6 (e), the spreaders 22A and 22B separated from the container C are wound up to a predetermined traversing position.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6 (f), both spreaders 22A, 22B rise to a predetermined traversing position, and both spreaders 22A, 22B are integrally coupled. Then, traverse to the container position on the next ship to be loaded, and then repeat the loading procedure in the same manner.

Next, a case where two containers C loaded in the hold (hold) of the ship S and having different stacking heights are landed will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 7A shows a state where the container crane 1 is at the stop position. In this state, the ship S full of containers C contacts the quay G, and the sea-side trolley 20A and the land-side trolley 20B are integrally coupled at a predetermined stop position (standby position). Further, the sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B are wound up to a predetermined standby position.

  FIG.7 (b) has shown the state which the container crane 1 started cargo handling work. In this state, the crane body 10 travels along the quay to the desired loading position, and the boom 13 is positioned on the target container C to be loaded, that is, on the target position. In this state, the two trolleys 20A and 20B traverse along the boom 13 to the target position on the ship S while the spreaders 22A and 22B are coupled together. At this time, the driver's cab 21 also moves laterally to the optimum position where both spreaders 22A and 22B that perform cargo handling can be easily seen.

Then, as shown in FIG.7 (c), either one of the sea side spreader 22A and the land side spreader 22B couple | bonded together starts rolling-down. In the illustrated example, the land-side spreader 22B, which is the side with the lower stacking height, is first lowered. The land-side spreader 22 </ b> B thus wound down on the container C to be handled grasps the target container C after performing fine adjustment of the spreader position as necessary.
Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (d), the seaside spreader 22 </ b> A is similarly lowered, and after performing fine adjustment of the spreader position as necessary, the target container C is grasped.

In the next step, as shown in FIG. 7 (e), both spreaders 22A and 22B holding the container C are wound up to a predetermined traversing position. In this way, the work of landing the container C from the ship S is completed.
After the work of landing the container C from the ship S is completed in this way, the cargo handling work of loading the landed container C onto the trailers T1 and T2 is performed. The procedure of this cargo handling work is the same as the above-described work of FIG.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the spread along the boom 13 is performed in a state where the separation and coupling of the spreaders 22A and 22B is completed. However, the separation and coupling of the spreaders 22A and 22B is performed in order to shorten the cargo handling time. You may carry it in.
As described above, according to the crane device of the present invention, a plurality of trolleys such as the sea-side trolley 20A and the land-side trolley 20B are provided and the sea-side spreaders 22A and 22B are suspended from each, and both spreaders 22A and 22B are suspended. Since each trolley 20A, 20B and both spreaders 22A, 22B are independently operated, a plurality of containers C having different stacking heights or a plurality of containers C of stepping stones are simultaneously loaded. Will be able to. In addition, cargo handling can be performed simultaneously with a plurality of trailers T1 and T2 parked side by side in accordance with the stop position on the trailer side. Accordingly, it is possible to provide the container crane 1 with greatly reduced restrictions on cargo handling and improved work efficiency and operability.

By the way, although embodiment mentioned above demonstrated the example applied to the container crane 1, this invention is applicable also to container apparatuses other than a container crane.
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, For example, a some trolley and a spreader can be changed suitably in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, such as making it 2 or more.

It is a side view which shows the structural example of the container crane apparatus installed in the container yard as one Embodiment of the crane apparatus which concerns on this invention. The state of the spreader that can be separated and combined, (a) is a state where the spreader is coupled, (b) is a state where the spreader is separated, (c) is a state where the spreader is separated and moved up and down independently. It is. It is explanatory drawing regarding the fine adjustment of a spreader space | interval about the spreader of a combined state. It is explanatory drawing regarding adjustment of a rotation angle about the spreader of a separation state. It is explanatory drawing which shows a work process in order of (a)-(d) about the cargo handling work in the case of landing two containers which are loaded on the deck of a ship with the crane apparatus of this invention, and adjoin a horizontal direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows a work process in order of (a)-(f) about the cargo handling work which loads the container landed with the crane apparatus of this invention on a trailer. It is explanatory drawing which shows a work process in order of (a)-(e) about the case where two containers loaded in the hold of a ship by the crane apparatus of this invention and which have different stacking heights are landed. It is A arrow directional view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Container crane (crane equipment)
10 Crane body 11 Sea-side traveling leg 12 Land-side traveling leg 13 Boom (main girder)
14 Intermediate girder 20A Sea side trolley 20B Land side trolley 21 Driver's cab 22A Sea side spreader 22B Land side spreader 23 Wire rope C Container G Wharf S Ship T1, T2 Trailer

Claims (6)

In a crane apparatus provided with a spreader in which a trolley traverses along a boom and is suspended from the trolley so as to be vertically movable,
A crane apparatus comprising a plurality of the trolleys, the spreader being suspended from each of the trolleys, and the spreaders being independently movable up and down.   The crane apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spreaders are configured to be coupled and separated from each other.   The crane apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cab capable of traversing independently of the trolley along the boom.   The crane apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an interval between the spreaders is adjustable in a state where the spreaders are coupled.   The crane apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein in the state where the spreader is separated, the spreader can independently adjust the rotation angle.   The crane apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the spreader is separated and connected while the trolley is traversing.

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