JP2007016488A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance work efficiency when attaching-detaching a filter element of an air cleaner in the vertical direction. <P>SOLUTION: A filter storage hole 17 is arranged in a part opposed in the vertical direction to the air cleaner 11 among an under surface of an inspection port 16B arranged in a counterweight 16; and is constituted for temporarily storing the lower end side of this filter element 15 in the filter storage hole 17 when removing the dirty filter element 15 downward from a casing 13. Thus, even when the under surface 16G of the inspection port 16B arranged in the counterweight 16 is opposed in the vertical direction to the air cleaner 11, a space for attaching-detaching the filter element 15 in the vertical direction can be secured by quantity of arranging the filter storage hole 17 on the under surface 16G of the inspection port 16B, and the workability can be enhanced when replacing the filter element 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane.

  In general, a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane has a self-propelled vehicle body composed of a lower traveling body and an upper revolving body, and work provided on the front side of the vehicle body (upper revolving body) so as to be able to move up and down. The counter weight is generally constituted by a device, and a counterweight is provided on the rear end side of the upper swing body to balance the weight with the work device.

  In addition, the front side of the counterweight is usually provided with an engine room whose periphery is covered with a building cover, and equipment such as an engine, a hydraulic pump, and an air cleaner is accommodated in the engine room. Yes.

  Here, the above-mentioned air cleaner is for purifying the air sucked into the engine, and is usually attached to the bottomed cylindrical casing provided with the outside air inlet and detachably mounted in the casing. The filter element is roughly configured. The air cleaner cleans the outside air including dust introduced into the casing through the outside air introduction port by the filter element, and introduces the cleaned air into the engine. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically replace a filter element to which a large amount of dust adheres with a new filter element (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-9-221789

  In this case, the air cleaner according to the prior art is disposed in the engine room with the casing extending upward and downward, and when the filter element is replaced in a part of the revolving frame facing the casing upward and downward. An exchange hole through which the filter element is inserted is provided. The filter element is configured to be attached and detached upward and downward with respect to the air cleaner casing through an exchange hole provided in the revolving frame.

  By the way, for example, in a small turning type hydraulic excavator with a small turning radius at the rear end of the upper turning body, the counterweight is arranged close to the front side (working device side) so that the counterweight is within the turning radius. is doing.

  For this reason, in order to secure the weight of the counterweight as much as possible, when the inner surface of the counterweight is formed to project forward, the counter is used when the filter element of the air cleaner is attached or detached upward or downward. There is a problem that the workability when replacing the filter element is lowered due to the weight being in the way.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a construction machine capable of improving workability when the filter element of an air cleaner is attached and detached upward and downward. .

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a self-propelled vehicle body provided with a work device on the front side, a counterweight provided on the rear end side of the vehicle body and balancing the weight of the work device, The present invention is applied to a construction machine including an engine provided on the front side of the counterweight and an air cleaner in which a filter element for cleaning air sucked into the engine is detachably provided in the upward and downward directions.

  A feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the counterweight is provided with an inspection port penetrating in the front and rear directions in order to inspect the equipment including the engine, and the lower surface of the inspection port is Of these, a filter accommodation hole for accommodating the lower end side of the filter element when the filter element is attached or detached is provided in a portion facing the air cleaner in the upward or downward direction.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the filter housing hole is formed as a horseshoe-shaped bottomed hole surrounded by a bottom surface and a peripheral wall surface rising from the bottom surface and having an opening on the front side. There is a configuration in which it is inclined obliquely downward from the rear side toward the front side.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the counterweight is provided with an engine cover that can move upward and downward between an open position for opening the inspection port and a closed position for closing, and the filter element of the air cleaner includes the engine cover. It is in the structure which attaches and detaches in the state which set it to the open position.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the filter element of the air cleaner is attached / removed upward / downward by providing a filter housing hole in a portion of the lower surface of the inspection port provided in the counterweight facing the air cleaner in the upward / downward direction. When doing, the lower end side of a filter element can be temporarily accommodated in a filter accommodation hole.

  As a result, even when the lower surface of the counterweight inspection port extends to the lower side of the air cleaner, a filter receiving hole is provided on the lower surface of the inspection port, so that the filter element can be attached and removed upward and downward. Space can be secured and workability when replacing the filter element can be improved.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the filter housing hole is formed as a horseshoe-shaped bottomed hole surrounded by the bottom surface and the peripheral wall surface rising from the bottom surface and having an opening on the front side. Even when dust attached to the filter element falls into the filter accommodation hole during the operation, the dust can be discharged to the outside through the opening of the filter accommodation hole.

  In this case, since the bottom surface of the filter accommodation hole is inclined obliquely downward from the rear side toward the front side, dust falling from the filter element can be reliably discharged to the outside along the inclined bottom surface. .

  According to the invention of claim 3, by moving the engine cover provided on the counterweight to the open position, the operator can attach or remove the filter element using the filter accommodation hole from the outside of the counterweight through the inspection port. This can be easily performed, and the workability can be further enhanced.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 11 by taking as an example a case where the construction machine is applied to a hydraulic excavator.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a hydraulic excavator, and the vehicle body of the hydraulic excavator 1 is roughly constituted by a crawler type lower traveling body 2 capable of self-propelling and an upper revolving body 3 mounted on the lower traveling body 2 so as to be capable of pivoting. It is configured. An offset type working device 4 is provided on the front side of the upper swing body 3 so as to be able to move up and down.

  Here, the working device 4 includes a lower boom 4A attached to the front side of a revolving frame 5 described later, an upper boom 4B attached to the distal end side of the lower boom 4A, and an arm attached to the distal end side of the upper boom 4B. A support rod 4C, an arm 4D attached to the distal end side of the arm support 4C, a bucket 4E attached to the distal end side of the arm 4D, and a link rod connecting the lower boom 4A and the arm support 4C 4F, a boom cylinder 4G for rotating (lowering and raising) the lower boom 4A upward, downward, an arm cylinder 4H for rotating the arm 4D, a bucket cylinder 4I for rotating the bucket 4E, and an upper boom 4B on the left, An offset cylinder 4J that swings in the right direction is roughly configured.

  Then, the working device 4 moves the lower boom 4A up and down by the boom cylinder 4G while the upper boom 4B is translated (offset) in the left and right directions with respect to the lower boom 4A by the offset cylinder 4J, and the arm 4D by the arm cylinder 4H. Is rotated, and the bucket 4E is rotated by the bucket cylinder 4I to perform excavation work such as a gutter on the side of the road.

  On the other hand, the upper turning body 3 is formed in a substantially circular shape when viewed from above so that it can turn within the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2, for example. The upper swing body 3 includes a swing frame 5, a cab 6, an engine 9, an air cleaner 11, a counter weight 16, left and right auxiliary weights 20, 21 and left and right exterior covers 22, 23, which will be described later. ing.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a revolving frame that serves as a base of the upper revolving structure 3. The revolving frame 5 is formed in a flat plate shape with a thick steel plate or the like as shown in FIGS. A bottom plate 5A that is positioned and extends in the front and rear directions, a left front vertical plate 5B and a right front vertical plate 5C that are erected on the bottom plate 5A and face the left and right directions and extend in the front and rear directions. , A horizontal plate 5D standing on the bottom plate 5A located on the rear end side of the right front vertical plates 5B and 5C and extending in the left and right directions, and located on the rear side of the horizontal plate 5D on the bottom plate 5A The left rear vertical plate 5E and the right rear vertical plate 5F which are erected from the horizontal plate 5D and extend rearward are formed in a circular arc shape using pipe materials or the like, and a plurality of left extending beams 5G are provided on the left side of the bottom plate 5A. The left side frame 5H attached to the bottom plate 5A is formed in an arc shape using the same pipe material or the like, and a plurality of right sides are provided on the right side of the bottom plate 5A. It is largely constituted by a right side frame 5J attached via a beam 5I out. Further, on the rear end side of the bottom plate 5A, a thick weight mounting plate 5K is provided between the left and right rear vertical plates 5E and 5F, and a counterweight 16 described later is bolted to the weight mounting plate 5K. It is the structure which can be attached using etc.

  Reference numeral 6 denotes a cab located on the left side of the working device 4 and provided on the revolving frame 5, and the cab 6 defines a cab. The cab 6 is provided with a driver's seat 7 where an operator is seated, an operation lever 8 operated by the operator, and the like.

  An engine 9 is provided on the rear side of the revolving frame 5 and is positioned on the front side of a counterweight 16 (to be described later). The engine 9 is arranged in a horizontally extending state extending in the left and right directions. The engine 9 drives a hydraulic pump 10, and the hydraulic pump 10 is configured to supply pressure oil to hydraulic equipment such as the cylinders 4 </ b> G, 4 </ b> H, 4 </ b> I, 4 </ b> J constituting the work device 4.

  11 is an air cleaner for purifying the air sucked into the engine 9, and the air cleaner 11 is attached to the tip of an intake pipe 12 communicating with the intake port of the engine 9, as shown in FIGS. 9 is arranged in a vertically placed state extending upward and downward on the rear side.

  Here, the air cleaner 11 is connected to the front end of the intake pipe 12 and extends upward and downward, and has a bottomed cylindrical casing 13 whose bottom end is an open end, and a lid that covers the open end of the casing 13. The body 14 and a filter element 15 that is detachably mounted in the casing 13 in the upward and downward directions are roughly configured. An outer air introduction port 13A for introducing outside air (air) into the casing 13 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 13, and an outside air introduction pipe 13B is connected to the outside air introduction port 13A.

  When the outside air containing dust is introduced into the casing 13 through the outside air introduction pipe 13B and the outside air introduction port 13A, the air cleaner 11 captures the dust in the outside air by the filter element 15, and clean air is taken into the intake pipe. 12 and the like to the intake port of the engine 9.

  Here, the filter element 15 accommodated in the casing 13 becomes dirty by capturing the dust contained in the outside air. For this reason, by removing the cover 14 from the casing 13, the dirty filter element 15 can be extracted downward from the casing 13, and a new filter element 15 can be mounted in the casing 13 from below. .

  A counterweight 16 is provided at the rear end of the turning frame 5 and is located on the rear side of the engine 9, and the counterweight 16 has an arc shape in the left and right directions as shown in FIGS. It has a convex curved shape that extends and is integrally formed by casting means. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the counterweight 16 is fixed to a weight mounting plate 5 </ b> K provided on the rear end side of the revolving frame 5 using a bolt or the like, and balances the weight with the work device 4. At the same time, devices such as the engine 9 and the hydraulic pump 10 mounted on the turning frame 5 are covered from the rear side.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer surface 16 </ b> A of the counterweight 16 forms an arcuate surface having substantially the same curvature as the left side frame 5 </ b> H and the right side frame 5 </ b> J of the revolving frame 5. The turning radius of the rear end portion of the upper swing body 3 is defined by the outer surface 16A of the counterweight 16, and the counterweight 16 is designed to reduce the turning radius of the rear end portion of the upper swing body 3. 9 is arranged close to.

  16B is an inspection port provided through the counterweight 16 in the front and rear direction. The inspection port 16B includes a lower weight portion 16C, an upper weight portion 16D, a left weight, as shown in FIGS. It is formed as a rectangular hole surrounded by the portion 16E and the right weight portion 16F. In this case, the lower weight portion 16C forming the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B has a thick shape that protrudes forward toward the engine 9 in order to secure a weight sufficient to balance the weight with the work device 4. 9 and 10 and the like, the lower weight portion 16C faces the air cleaner 11 in the upward and downward directions.

  The inspection port 16B is opened and closed by an engine cover 18 which will be described later, and an operator can perform maintenance and inspection work on equipment such as the engine 9 and the hydraulic pump 10 from the outer surface 16A side of the counterweight 16 through the inspection port 16B. To do. Further, a filter housing hole 17 described later is provided on the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B (the upper surface of the lower weight portion 16C).

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a filter accommodation hole provided in the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B. The filter accommodation hole 17 has a horseshoe-shaped (U-shaped) portion of the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B facing the air cleaner 11 in the upward and downward directions. ). As shown in FIG. 11, the filter accommodation hole 17 temporarily accommodates the lower end side of the filter element 15 when the filter element 15 is attached to and detached from the casing 13 of the air cleaner 11 upward and downward. Is.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 9 to FIG. 11, the filter housing hole 17 includes a bottom surface 17A that is lowered by one step from the lower surface 16G (the upper surface of the lower weight portion 16C) of the inspection port 16B, and a peripheral edge of the bottom surface 17A. It is surrounded by a peripheral wall surface 17B extending substantially vertically toward the lower surface 16G of the rising inspection port 16B, and is configured as a bottomed hole whose front side is an opening 17C.

  In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the bottom surface 17 </ b> A of the filter housing hole 17 is formed as an inclined surface that is inclined obliquely downward from the rear side toward the front side. Accordingly, the bottom surface 17A of the filter accommodation hole 17 is inclined forward at an angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction, and the dust D adhering to the dirty filter element 15 falls into the filter accommodation hole 17 as shown in FIG. In this case, the dust D is moved forward along the bottom surface 17A and can be discharged to the outside of the filter housing hole 17 through the opening 17C.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes an engine cover provided on the outer side surface 16A of the counterweight 16. The engine cover 18 is supported by the left and right link mechanisms 19 shown in FIG. 8, and is shown in the open position shown in FIG. The inspection port 16B of the counterweight 16 is opened and closed by translating upward and downward from the closed position. When the engine cover 18 is in the open position, the inspection port 16B of the counterweight 16 is opened over the entire area, and the operator can connect the engine 9, hydraulic pressure through the inspection port 16B from the outer surface 16A side of the counterweight 16. The pump 10 and the air cleaner 11 are configured to perform maintenance and inspection work.

  20 is a left auxiliary weight provided adjacent to the lower left side of the counterweight 16, 21 is a right auxiliary weight provided adjacent to the lower right side of the counterweight 16, and these left and right auxiliary weights 20, 21 are As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it is formed as a heavy article using means such as casting, and balances the weight with the work device 4 in cooperation with the counterweight 16.

  22 and 23 are left and right exterior covers provided on the rear side of the swivel frame 5 continuously to the counterweight 16, and the exterior covers 22 and 23 are counterweights as shown in FIGS. 16 on both the left and right sides. The left and right exterior covers 22 and 23 cover devices such as the engine 9 and the hydraulic pump 10 mounted on the turning frame 5 together with the counterweight 16 and the engine cover 18.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the hydraulic excavator 1 self-travels to a work place by the lower traveling body 2. Then, the excavator 1 performs excavation work such as a gutter using the offset work device 4 while turning the upper swing body 3 at the work site.

  Here, when the engine 9 operates when the hydraulic excavator 1 is in operation, outside air containing dust is introduced into the casing 13 of the air cleaner 11 through the outside air introduction pipe 13B and the outside air introduction port 13A. The dust in the outside air is captured by the filter element 15 provided in the casing 13, and only clean air is introduced into the intake port of the engine 9 through the intake pipe 12 and the like.

  As described above, the filter element 15 of the air cleaner 11 is contaminated by trapping dust contained in the outside air. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically replace the filter element 15 to which a large amount of dust adheres. The replacement work 15 will be described.

  First, the engine cover 18 attached to the counterweight 16 is moved from the closed position shown in FIG. 7 to the open position shown in FIG. 8, and the inspection port 16B of the counterweight 16 is opened. In this state, the operator extends his hand from the outer surface 16 </ b> A side of the counterweight 16 to the air cleaner 11 through the inspection port 16 </ b> B, and removes the lid 14 from the casing 13.

  And the dirty filter element 15 accommodated in the casing 13 is gripped, and the filter element 15 is pulled out substantially vertically downward. In this case, a lower weight portion 16C that forms a lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B extends below the air cleaner 11, but the air cleaner 11 (casing 13) and the upper and lower direction of the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B. The filter accommodation hole 17 is provided in the site | part which opposes.

  Thereby, the lower end side of the filter element 15 can be temporarily accommodated in the filter accommodation hole 17, and the entire filter element 15 can be completely removed from the casing 13. Further, since the filter accommodation hole 17 is provided in the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B provided in the counterweight 16, the filter element 15 is removed after the filter element 15 is removed from the casing 13 using the filter accommodation hole 17. 15 can be easily taken out to the outer surface 16A side of the counterweight 16 through the inspection port 16B.

  In this case, the filter housing hole 17 is formed as a horseshoe-shaped bottomed hole whose front side is an opening 17C, and its bottom surface 17A is inclined forward at an angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 11, even if the dust D adhering to the dirty filter element 15 falls into the filter housing hole 17, the dust D is moved forward along the bottom surface 17A, and the opening 17C It can be discharged to the outside of the filter housing hole 17.

  Further, since the air cleaner 11 is arranged in a vertically placed state extending in the upward and downward directions, by removing the lid 14 from the casing 13 when the filter element 15 is replaced, the dust accumulated in the casing 13 is removed by its own weight. The inside of the casing 13 can be kept clean.

  Then, after removing the dirty filter element 15 from the casing 13, the operator holds a new filter element 15 and inserts the lower end side of the filter element 15 into the filter accommodation hole 17 of the counterweight 16. Thus, the filter element 15 can be held in a vertical posture directly below the casing 13. Therefore, the filter element 15 can be easily accommodated in the casing 13 simply by lifting the filter element 15 upward. By attaching the lid 14 to the casing 13 in this state, the replacement work of the filter element 15 can be performed quickly. Can be terminated.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the filter housing hole 17 is provided in the portion of the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B provided in the counterweight 16 that is opposed to the air cleaner 11 in the upper and lower directions. When the filter element 15 is removed downward from the casing 13 or when a new filter element 15 is inserted into the casing 13 from below and attached, the lower end side of the filter element 15 is temporarily accommodated in the filter accommodation hole 17. Can do.

  Thus, even when the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B provided in the counterweight 16 faces the air cleaner 11 in the upward and downward directions, the casing of the air cleaner 11 is equivalent to the amount of the filter accommodation hole 17 provided in the lower surface 16G of the inspection port 16B. Thus, a space for attaching and detaching the filter element 15 upward and downward with respect to 13 can be secured, and workability when replacing the filter element 15 can be improved.

  Further, since the filter housing hole 17 is formed as a horseshoe-shaped bottomed hole surrounded by the bottom surface 17A and the peripheral wall surface 17B and having an opening 17C on the front side, when removing the dirty filter element 15 from the casing 13, Even if the dust D adhering to the filter element 15 falls into the filter accommodation hole 17, the dust D can be discharged to the outside through the opening 17 </ b> C of the filter accommodation hole 17. Moreover, since the bottom surface 17A of the filter accommodation hole 17 is inclined forward with an angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction, the dust D that has fallen into the filter accommodation hole 17 is moved forward along the bottom surface 17A, and the opening portion It can be reliably discharged outside through 17C.

  Further, since the counterweight 16 is provided with an engine cover 18 that can move upward and downward between an open position for opening the inspection port 16B and a closed closed position, the engine cover 18 is moved to the open position. Thus, the operator can easily perform the attachment / detachment work of the filter element 15 using the filter accommodation hole 17 from the outer surface 16A side of the counterweight 16 through the inspection port 16B, and the workability can be further improved. it can.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the filter accommodation hole 17 is formed as a bottomed hole having the bottom surface 17A is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the counterweight 16 may be formed as a through hole penetrating the lower weight portion 16C of the counterweight 16 in the upward and downward directions.

  Moreover, in embodiment mentioned above, the hydraulic excavator 1 provided with the offset type working device 4 is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to, for example, a hydraulic excavator provided with a swing type work device having a swing post, or a hydraulic excavator provided with a mono-boom type work device that does not perform an offset operation or a swing operation. be able to.

  Furthermore, in each embodiment mentioned above, the hydraulic excavator 1 is illustrated as a construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be widely applied to other construction machines such as a hydraulic crane and a wheel loader.

1 is a front view showing a hydraulic excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the right view which looked at the hydraulic excavator from the counterweight side. It is a top view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned an engine, an air cleaner, etc. on the turning frame. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a state in which a counterweight is attached to a turning frame in FIG. 3. It is a right view which shows a counterweight alone. It is sectional drawing which looked at the inspection opening of the counterweight, the filter accommodation hole, etc. from the arrow VI-VI direction in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged right side view showing a counterweight, an engine cover and the like in FIG. 2. FIG. 8 is an enlarged right side view showing the engine cover in FIG. 7 in an open position. It is the perspective view which looked at the air cleaner, the filter accommodation hole, etc. through the inspection port of the counterweight. It is sectional drawing which looked at the air cleaner, the counterweight, the filter accommodation hole, etc. from the arrow XX direction in FIG. It is sectional drawing similar to FIG. 10 which shows the state which removed the filter element.

Explanation of symbols

1 Hydraulic excavator 2 Lower traveling body (vehicle body)
3 Upper swing body (car body)
4 Working device 9 Engine 11 Air cleaner 13 Casing 15 Filter element 16 Counterweight 16B Inspection port 16G Lower surface 17 Filter accommodation hole 17A Bottom surface 17B Peripheral wall surface 17C Opening portion 18 Engine cover

Claims (3)

A self-propelled vehicle body provided with a work device on the front side, a counterweight provided on the rear end side of the vehicle body to balance the weight of the work device, and an engine provided on the front side of the counterweight; A construction machine comprising an air cleaner in which a filter element for cleaning air sucked into the engine is provided so as to be attachable and detachable in an upward and downward direction;
The counterweight is provided with an inspection port penetrating in the front and rear directions to inspect the equipment including the engine,
In the lower surface of the inspection port, a portion facing the air cleaner in the upward and downward directions is provided with a filter accommodation hole for accommodating the lower end side of the filter element when the filter element is attached or detached. Construction machinery to do.   The filter accommodation hole is formed as a horseshoe-shaped bottomed hole surrounded by a bottom surface and a peripheral wall surface rising from the bottom surface and having an opening on the front side, and the bottom surface of the filter accommodation hole is directed from the rear side toward the front side. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine is configured to be inclined obliquely downward.   The counterweight is provided with an engine cover that can move upward and downward between an open position for opening the inspection port and a closed closed position, and the filter element of the air cleaner has the engine cover in the open position. The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the construction machine is configured to be detachable.

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