JP2007002728A - Windmill - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a windmill capable of optimizing a wind receiving part and efficiently converting wind power into rotating energy, mainly in a paddle type windmill. <P>SOLUTION: In the paddle type windmill, the outer diameter end 1 of the wind receiving part 101 is positioned in the rotating direction and the inner diameter end 2 of the wind receiving part 101 is positioned in the direction reverse to the rotating direction, by defining a straight line connecting a midpoint 3 of the outer diameter end 1 of the wind receiving part 101 and the inner diameter end 2 of the wind receiving part 101 with a rotating shaft 4 as a reference. Thus, torque generated at the same wind speed can be increased when effects of an adjacent wind receiving part 6 is considered, and efficiency can be improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a paddle type windmill used for wind power generation, anemometers, and the like.

  Conventionally, this type of windmill has a vertical axis of rotation and is not affected by the wind direction of natural wind, and as a drag type windmill, it has a relatively low rotational speed even at high wind speeds, and is safe. Since it is simple, it was connected to a small generator, an anemometer, etc. and used as a small windmill (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Hereinafter, the wind turbine will be described with reference to the side view of FIG. 6 and the horizontal sectional view of FIG.

As shown in the side view of FIG. 6 and the horizontal cross-sectional view of FIG. The wind receiving portion 101 has a structure in which the drag force differs between the wind receiving surface 103 and the back surface 104 depending on the direction of receiving wind, and a rotational force is generated by the difference in force.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-30377 (FIG. 1)

  In such a conventional windmill, it is often used due to the feature of the simplicity of the structure, but there are few examples of optimization of the wind receiving portion, and efficiency is not emphasized.

  The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and optimizes the wind receiving portion while maintaining the feature of simplicity of structure, and can efficiently convert wind power into rotational energy. The purpose is to provide.

  The wind turbine according to the present invention has, in the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the wind receiving portion outer diameter end with reference to a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end, the midpoint of the wind receiving portion inner diameter end, and the rotation axis. Is located in the rotational direction, and the inner diameter end of the wind receiving portion is located in the direction opposite to the rotational direction.

  With this means, when the adjacent wind receiving portion is taken into consideration, the efficiency of capturing the wind on the wind receiving surface is improved, the torque generated at the same wind speed can be increased, and the efficiency of the wind turbine can be improved.

  Another means is that a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end, the midpoint of the wind receiving portion inner diameter end, and the rotation axis; The mounting angle is between 35 ° and 35 °.

  By this means, a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is 25 ° with a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end, the midpoint of the wind receiving portion inner diameter end, and the rotation axis. In this case, when the adjacent wind receiving portion is taken into consideration, the best generated torque can be obtained and the efficiency can be improved by setting the mounting angle near the angle at which the maximum torque can be obtained.

  Another means is that in the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the distance of the maximum distance position from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is the same as the wind receiving portion outer diameter end. It is characterized by being 55% or more and 65% or less of the distance from the inner diameter end of the wind part.

  By this means, when the distance of the maximum distance position from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is 60% of the distance between the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end. By setting the ratio in the vicinity of the ratio that can obtain the largest torque, the drag when receiving wind from the wind receiving surface is large, and the drag when receiving wind from the back surface is small. Since the difference can be increased, the torque generated at the same wind speed can be increased, and the efficiency of the wind turbine can be improved.

  The other means is characterized in that the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine is an elliptical arc.

  By this means, it is possible to maintain the characteristics of the simplicity of the structure while obtaining a large generated torque, and it is possible to provide a wind turbine that is highly efficient and easy to manufacture.

  Further, the other means is characterized in that all wind receiving portion horizontal cross-sectional shapes in the rotation axis direction are the same.

  By this means, the wind receiving area can be increased without changing the wind turbine installation area, and the output of the wind turbine can be improved.

  Another means is characterized in that the entire wind receiving portion is twisted with reference to the rotation axis so that the upper portion of the wind receiving portion is displaced in the direction opposite to the rotation direction.

  By this means, the wind receiving surface side tilts forward and generates an upward force with respect to the windward when stationary, and the rear side tilts backward and generates a downward force, but the wind receiving surface that generates an upward force is generated. Since the drag is large, buoyancy is applied to the windmill as a whole, rotational friction is reduced, the windmill is easily started, and it is possible to start from a low wind speed.

  Another means is characterized in that the entire wind receiving portion is twisted at a constant rate with respect to the rotation axis.

  This means that when the number of wind receiving parts is small, the generated torque can vary depending on the phase, but by twisting and separating the wind receiving parts over a wide range in the circumferential direction, stable torque can be generated regardless of the phase. Is possible.

  Another means is characterized in that a partition plate is provided in the wind receiving portion so as to be substantially parallel to the rotation axis vertical plane that partitions in the wind receiving portion axial direction.

  This means that the flow can be biased upward or downward particularly when twisted, and the generated torque may vary in the direction of the rotation axis. However, by providing a partition in the wind receiving part, it is possible to suppress torque variations. It becomes.

  Another means is characterized in that a support portion for supporting a wind receiving portion having a connection portion at the same location as the connection location of the partition plate is provided.

  By this means, the support part does not support only a part of the surface of the wind receiving part, but also supports a partition in contact with the wind receiving part in a wide range within the wind receiving part, and it is possible to increase the rigidity of the wind turbine support. Become.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a windmill which can optimize a wind receiving part and can change a wind force into rotational energy efficiently can be provided.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, in the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the receiving portion is defined with reference to a straight line connecting the outer diameter end of the wind receiving portion, the midpoint of the wind receiving portion inner diameter end, and the rotation axis. The wind portion outer diameter end is positioned in the rotation direction, and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is positioned in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. In particular, when the number of wind receiving portions is large, the wind receiving portion inner diameter side is hidden by the upstream adjacent wind receiving portion in the windward projection, but the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving direction with respect to the rotation axis direction. By shifting the straight line connecting the midpoint of the inner diameter end of the section and the rotation axis so that the recess faces outward, the efficiency of capturing the wind at the wind receiving surface is improved, and the generated torque at the same wind speed can be increased, The efficiency of the windmill can be improved.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is formed by connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end, the midpoint of the wind receiving portion inner diameter end, and the rotation shaft. And a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end with the wind receiving portion outer diameter end. The best generated torque can be obtained by setting the mounting angle near the angle at which the maximum torque can be obtained when the straight line connecting the midpoint of the inner diameter end of the wind receiving portion and the rotation axis is 25 °. And the efficiency can be improved.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the distance of the maximum distance position from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is outside the wind receiving portion. This is characterized in that it is larger than 55% and smaller than 65% of the distance between the radial end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end. Maximum torque when the distance of the maximum distance from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is 60% of the distance between the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end. By making the ratio in the vicinity of the ratio that can take large, the drag when receiving wind from the wind receiving surface is large, the drag when receiving wind from the back surface is small, and the difference between these drags is increased. Therefore, the torque generated at the same wind speed can be increased, and the efficiency of the wind turbine can be improved.

  In the invention of claim 4, in the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the maximum distance from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is the wind receiving portion outer diameter end. A recess is formed on the outer side of a straight line connecting the outer diameter end of the wind receiving portion, the midpoint of the inner diameter end of the wind receiving portion, and the rotation axis, which is greater than 55% and less than 65% of the distance to the wind receiving portion inner diameter end. It is characterized by shifting it so that it is facing more and more, by shifting the installation of the wind receiving part to absorb the influence of the adjacent wind receiving part and making the cross section efficient even with a single wind receiving part The generated torque can be obtained.

  The invention described in claim 5 is characterized in that the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine is an elliptical arc, and maintains the characteristics of simplicity of structure and design while obtaining a large generated torque. It is possible to provide a wind turbine that is highly efficient and easy to manufacture.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that all the wind receiving portion horizontal cross-sectional shapes in the rotation axis direction are the same, and by extending in the rotation axis direction while maintaining the horizontal cross-sectional shape, The wind receiving area is increased without changing the wind turbine installation area, and the output of the wind turbine can be easily improved.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the entire wind receiving portion is twisted with reference to the rotation axis so that the upper portion of the wind receiving portion is shifted in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. The wind receiving surface side tilts forward and generates an upward force with respect to the windward side, and the rear side tilts backward and generates a downward force, but since the drag force of the wind receiving surface that generates the upward force is large, the overall As a result, buoyancy is applied to the windmill and rotational friction is reduced, so that the windmill can be started from a low wind speed.

  Further, the invention described in claim 8 is characterized in that the entire wind receiving portion is twisted at a constant rate with respect to the rotation axis. When the number of wind receiving portions is small, the torque generated by the phase However, it is possible to generate a stable torque regardless of the phase by twisting and separating the wind receiving portion in a wide range in the circumferential direction.

  The invention described in claim 9 is characterized in that a partition plate is provided in the wind receiving portion that is substantially parallel to the vertical surface of the rotary shaft that is partitioned in the direction of the rotary shaft. In some cases, the flow may be biased and the generated torque may vary in the direction of the rotation axis. However, by providing a partition in the wind receiving portion, variations in torque can be suppressed.

  The invention according to claim 10 is characterized by comprising a support portion for supporting the wind receiving portion having a connection portion at the same location as the connection portion of the partition plate, and the support portion is the wind receiving portion. Instead of supporting only a part of the surface, the partition that contacts the wind receiving portion is also supported in a wide range within the wind receiving portion, and the rigidity of the wind turbine support can be increased.

(Embodiment 1)
The same parts as those in the conventional example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of the first embodiment. A wind receiving portion 101 having a wind receiving surface 103 and a back surface 104 is fixed to a support portion 102, and the support portion 102 is a paddle type attached to a rotating shaft 4. It is a windmill. Here, the wind receiving portion 101 has the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 in the rotational direction with reference to a straight line connecting the midpoint 3 of the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 and the rotation shaft 4. The wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 is located in the direction opposite to the rotation direction. The straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 forms an attachment angle 5 of 25 ° with the straight line connecting the midpoint 3 and the rotating shaft 4, and the wind receiving portion 101 is fixed. Has been.

  In the above configuration, as a method of attaching the wind receiving portion 101 and the support portion 102, a method in which a straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 passes through the rotary shaft 4 is conceivable. In particular, when the wind turbine has three or more wind receiving portions, part of the wind receiving portion 101 is hidden behind the upstream adjacent wind receiving portion 6 in the projection from the windward side, so that the wind can be efficiently It becomes impossible to receive. However, with reference to the straight line connecting the midpoint 3 of the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 and the rotating shaft 4, the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 is in the rotational direction, and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 is in the rotational direction. Is positioned in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 is perpendicular to the wind direction and shifts the phase most receiving the wind pressure, thereby shadowing the adjacent wind receiving portion 6. By avoiding this, as a result, the efficiency of capturing the wind in the entire wind turbine is improved, the torque generated at the same wind speed can be increased, and the efficiency can be improved.

  In the first embodiment, only two wind receiving portions 101 are shown as a part of the cross-sectional plan view of the windmill, but two or more wind receiving portions are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the entire windmill. In addition, the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 forms an attachment angle of 25 ° with the straight line connecting the midpoint 3 and the rotation shaft 4, but the midpoint 3 and the rotation The effect of increasing the generated torque can be obtained even if the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 is positioned in the rotational direction and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 is positioned in the direction opposite to the rotation direction with reference to the straight line connecting the shaft 4. At this time, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the mounting angle and the generated torque, and has a maximum value near the mounting angle of 25 °, and a particularly great effect is obtained at the mounting angle of 15 ° to 35 °.

(Embodiment 2)
The same parts as those in the conventional example or the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of the second embodiment. A wind receiving portion 101 having a wind receiving surface 103 and a back surface 104 is fixed to a support portion 102, and the support portion 102 is a paddle type attached to the rotary shaft 4. It is a windmill. Here, the wind receiving portion 101 has a distance 8 of the maximum distance position 7 from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 so that the wind receiving portion outer diameter end 1 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter are the same. It is composed of an elliptical arc that is 60% of the distance 9 from the end 2.

  In the above configuration, the difference between the drag received by the wind from the wind receiving surface 103 side and the drag received by the wind from the back surface 104 when the phase is shifted by 180 degrees is large. In particular, the distance 8 is about 60 of the distance 9. %, The generated torque at the same wind speed can be increased as a whole wind turbine, and the efficiency can be improved.

  In the second embodiment, only one wind receiving portion is shown as a part of the cross-sectional plan view of the windmill, but two or more wind receiving portions are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the entire windmill. The distance 8 is 60% at which the generated torque at the distance 9 is maximized. However, the effect of increasing the generated torque is obtained even in the range of 55% to 65%, and the wind receiving portion 101 is an elliptical arc. In a shape in which the wind receiving surface 103 is concave with respect to the wind, such as a shape constituted by a straight line connecting the outer diameter end 1 and the maximum distance position 7 and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end 2 and the maximum distance position 7. Even in the constructed wind receiving portion 101, the effect of increasing the generated torque can be obtained by setting the ratio of the distance 8 to the distance 9 in a range larger than 55% and smaller than 65%. Furthermore, by using together with the mounting angle of the first embodiment, the generated torque can be further increased and the efficiency can be improved.

(Embodiment 3)
The same parts as those in the conventional example or the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the third embodiment, which includes a wind receiving surface 103 and a back surface 104, and the horizontal cross-sectional shape is the same in any cross section perpendicular to the rotating shaft 4, and the same shape with respect to the lower end position. The wind receiving portion 101 is vertically fixed to the center of the height of the wind receiving portion while maintaining the above, and at the upper portion, the wind receiving portion 101 configured to shift the phase is fixed to the support portion 102, and the support portion 102 is attached to the rotating shaft 4. It is a paddle type windmill.

  In the above configuration, by making the horizontal cross-sectional shape the same, it is possible to increase the wind receiving area with the optimal cross-sectional shape without changing the wind turbine installation area, and to easily improve the output of the wind turbine. Further, by twisting the wind receiving portion 101 so that the upper portion of the wind receiving portion is deviated in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, when stationary, the wind receiving surface 103 side is inclined forward with respect to the windward and generates an upward force, and the rear surface 104 Since the side is inclined backward to generate a downward force, the upward force of the wind receiving surface 103 having a large drag as a whole becomes the buoyancy, and the rotational friction is reduced, so that the windmill can be started from a low wind speed. At this time, the degree of twisting is such that the effect of receiving wind due to the inclination of the wind receiving part lifts the wind turbine upwards, and the wind receiving part can receive the wind reliably as a rotational force. It is desirable that the angle is 45 ° or more and less than 90 ° with respect to the ground.

  In the third embodiment, only the upper part is twisted, but if the upper part is shifted in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, only the lower part or the whole is twisted in the rotation direction. It may change. Further, the mounting and the horizontal cross-sectional shape are arbitrary, but by configuring with the mounting angle of the first embodiment and the cross-sectional shape of the second embodiment, a higher-performance wind turbine can be designed.

(Embodiment 4)
The same parts as those in the conventional example or the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the fourth embodiment, which includes a wind receiving surface 103, a back surface 104, and a partition plate 10 that is substantially parallel to the vertical surface of the rotating shaft 4 that partitions the inside of the wind receiving portion 101, and the horizontal sectional shape is rotated. The wind receiving part 101 is the same shape in an arbitrary cross section perpendicular to the shaft 4 and is twisted so as to shift the phase by a certain angle in the direction opposite to the rotation direction while maintaining the same shape with respect to the lower end position. The paddle type windmill is fixed to the support portion 102 at the same connection portion 11 as the plate 10, and the support portion 102 is attached to the rotating shaft 4.

  In the above configuration, the rotation position is not dependent on the phase by twisting at a constant rate such that the ratio between the axial position and the twist angle is constant with respect to the rotating shaft 4 and separating the wind receiving portion 101 over a wide range in the circumferential direction. A stable torque can be generated. In addition, by providing a partition plate 10 in the wind receiving portion 101 that is substantially parallel to the rotation axis vertical plane that partitions in the direction of the rotation axis, it is possible to suppress the deviation of the upper or lower flow when twisted, and to support the support portion. By having the connection part 11 with the wind receiving part 101 at the same location as the partition plate 10, the wind receiving part 101 does not support only a part of the surface of the wind receiving part 101 but receives air in a wide range within the wind receiving part 101. The partition in contact with the part is also supported, and the rigidity of the windmill support can be increased. At this time, a certain percentage of twisting means that the effect of receiving wind due to the inclination of the wind receiving part lifts the windmill upward and allows the wind to be reliably received as a rotational force. It is desirable that all points from the upper end to the lower end are at a constant angle of 45 ° or more and less than 90 ° with respect to the ground.

  In the fourth embodiment, the partition plate 10 and the support portion 102 are connected at the same location. However, even if the partition plate is not connected at the same location, an effect of suppressing the flow bias can be obtained even with the configuration of only the partition plate. In addition, the mounting and the horizontal cross-sectional shape are arbitrary, but by configuring with the mounting angle of the first embodiment and the notable shape of the second embodiment, a higher-performance wind turbine can be designed.

  The windmill according to the present invention efficiently converts wind power into rotational energy by optimizing the wind receiving portion, has characteristics of high windmill efficiency and low wind speed mobility, and is particularly useful as a paddle type windmill.

Plan sectional drawing of Embodiment 1 of this invention Relationship diagram of mounting angle and generated torque Plan sectional drawing of Embodiment 2 of this invention The perspective view of Embodiment 3 of this invention The perspective view of Embodiment 4 of this invention Side view showing a conventional windmill Same as above

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind receiving part outer diameter end 2 Wind receiving part inner diameter end 3 Wind receiving part outer diameter end and the midpoint of an inner diameter end 4 Rotating shaft 5 Mounting angle 6 Adjacent wind receiving part 7 Maximum distance position 8 Maximum distance position distance 9 Wind receiving Distance between outer diameter end and inner diameter end 10 Partition plate 11 Connection portion 101 Wind receiving portion 102 Support portion 103 Wind receiving surface 104 Back surface

Claims (10)

In the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the outer diameter end of the wind receiving portion is in the rotational direction with reference to a straight line connecting the outer diameter end of the wind receiving portion, the midpoint of the inner diameter end of the wind receiving portion, and the rotation axis. A wind turbine characterized in that an inner diameter end of a wind receiving portion is located in a direction opposite to a rotation direction. The straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is 15 ° to 35 ° with the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end, the midpoint of the wind receiving portion inner diameter end, and the rotation axis. The windmill according to claim 1, wherein the windmill is an angle. In the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type windmill, the distance of the maximum distance position from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is the distance between the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end. A windmill characterized by being 55% to 65% of the distance. In the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type wind turbine, the maximum distance from the straight line connecting the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end is 55 of the distance between the wind receiving portion outer diameter end and the wind receiving portion inner diameter end. The wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the wind turbine is equal to or greater than% and equal to or less than 65%. The windmill according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the horizontal section of the wind receiving portion of the paddle type windmill is an elliptical arc. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein all wind receiving portions in the axial direction have the same horizontal cross-sectional shape. The wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein the entire wind receiving portion is twisted with respect to the rotation axis so that the upper portion of the wind receiving portion is shifted in a direction opposite to the rotation direction. The wind turbine according to claim 7, wherein the entire wind receiving portion is twisted at a constant rate with respect to the rotational axis of rotation. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a partition plate substantially parallel to a rotation axis vertical plane that partitions in the direction of the rotation axis is provided in the wind receiving portion. The wind turbine according to claim 9, further comprising a support portion that supports a wind receiving portion having a connection portion at the same location as the connection portion of the partition plate.

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