KR101652093B1 - Vertical Axis Bi-directional Wind Turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine provided with an outer turbine and an inner turbine which rotate in opposite directions to each other in the same rotation area, wherein the vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine includes a camber line protruding in a centrifugal direction as an asymmetric lifting blade An inner blade having a camber line protruding in a centripetal direction as an asymmetric lifting blade and rotating in an opposite direction to the outer blade, a first ring gear and a second ring gear to which the outer blade is connected, and a first ring gear A first planetary gear box and a second planetary gear box each having a sun gear and a second sun gear and having an upper and lower structure separated along a vertical axis, and a second sun gear shaft connected to the first sun gear and a second sun gear shaft connected to the second sun gear, The rotational torque generated in the outer blade and the inner blade between the sun gear shafts, respectively, Adding to, and includes a coupling connected to the generator rotor.

Description

{Vertical Axis Bi-directional Wind Turbine}

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine in which an outer turbine and an inner turbine, which rotate in opposite directions in the same rotation area, are installed together.

Recently, environmental issues have been highlighted globally and energy efforts have been made to develop alternative energy sources. Wind power is a clean energy that is not depleted, and it is attracting attention as an energy source with the highest growth rate among various alternative energy sources.

A wind turbine is a power generation system that converts natural wind energy into mechanical energy to generate electrical energy. A wind turbine is installed in a windy place to rotate the turbine with the force of the incoming wind and to generate power and electricity according to the rotation of the turbine.

These wind turbines are largely classified into horizontal and vertical wind turbines, and there are also hybrid types that combine the two types of wind turbines. Although the vertical axis method is generally half as efficient as the horizontal axis method, since the rotor rotation speed is relatively low, there is little noise and little vibration, so that it can be installed in public places such as residential area and building rooftop, school, hospital, And blades can be used for a long time and can be used for power generation.

Two types of vertical wind turbine turbines are known in the following three types.

In the first structure, the upper and lower turbines are connected to the same rotary shaft, and the blades of the upper turbine and the lower turbine overlap at a certain angle, thereby increasing the turbidity and improving the maneuverability. However, this method is disadvantageous in that the output efficiency is lowered due to overlapping.

In the second structure, the upper and lower turbines are placed in the independent section, and the upper and lower portions thereof are connected to the rotor and the stator of the intermediate generator, respectively, and rotate in opposite directions to increase the number of revolutions of the generator. However, this method is disadvantageous in that it is required to additionally add a line-twist prevention slip ring which is weak in durability according to the bi-directional rotation as a stator fixing method due to the characteristics of a generator and the disadvantage that the generator structure is complicated, and that the upper and lower independent turbines have a single center pole ), There is a restriction that the frame structure or the truss structure should be manufactured. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that the production cost greatly increases due to the separate structure of the structure.

In the third structure, there is a method in which a drag type turbine is installed on the inner side and a lift type turbine is installed on the outer side in the same rotating speed, thereby improving the starting performance. This method has the characteristics that the direction of rotation of the inner and outer turbines must be the same, the aerodynamic efficiency of the inner turbine is small and the outer turbine has a higher peripheral speed ratio than the inner turbine. However, The efficiency of the energy transfer is reduced so that the usability of the inner turbine is limited to the initial maneuverability.

Open Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0061658 (Jun. 13, 2012)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an internal combustion engine in which a camber of an inner blade connected to an inner turbine is formed in a centripetal direction while an inner turbine and an outer turbine are connected through a planetary gear box having a speed increasing function, The camber of the outer blade to be connected is formed in the direction of centrifugal force to provide a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine capable of improving efficiency.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine comprising: an outer blade having a camber line protruding in a centrifugal direction as an asymmetric lifting blade; An inner blade having a camber line protruding in a centripetal direction as an asymmetric lifting blade and rotating in an opposite direction to the outer blade; A first planetary gear box having a first ring gear to which the outer blades are connected and a second ring gear and a first sun gear and a second sun gear to which the inner blades are connected, Planetary gearbox; And a coupling connected to the generator rotor and summing the rotational torque generated in each of the outer and inner blades in the same direction between the first sun gear shaft connected to the first sun gear and the second sun gear shaft connected to the second sun gear.

In one embodiment, the first sun shaft and the second sun shaft are hollow and have a structure in which the fixed shaft of the generator stator is inserted.

In one embodiment, the outer blades are connected to the first ring gear and the second ring gear via upper and lower connecting arms and a first hub, and the inner blades are connected to the first sun gear shaft and the second sun gear shaft, Through the upper and lower second hubs.

In one embodiment, a generator is installed between the first planetary gear box and the second planetary gear box, the first sun shaft is connected to the upper portion of the generator rotor, the second sun shaft is connected to the lower portion of the generator rotor, Is fixed to the wind tower through the hollow first sun gear shaft and the inside of the second sun gear shaft.

In one embodiment, the ratio of the first shortest distance between the first sunk shaft and the inner blade to the second shortest distance between the first sunk shaft and the outer blade is set in the range of 1/4: 1 to 1/2: 1 do.

According to the present invention, a composite turbine structure capable of rapidly accelerating the inner turbine by two planetary gearboxes connected to the inside of the outer turbine by utilizing the maneuverability of the outer turbine of high torque can be constructed, It is possible to increase the efficiency of the composite turbine, stabilize the generator structure having the shared rotating radius structure, and maximize the efficiency.

1 is a front view of a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a center structure in which a blade, a connecting arm and a hub are omitted in the vertical axis bi-directional wind turbine of FIG. 1
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the planetary gear box portion of Fig.
Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the vertical axis wind turbine of Figure 1;
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged plan view for explaining the camber line of the inner blate and the outer blate of Fig. 4

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a front view of a vertical axis bi-directional wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of a center structure in which a blade, a connecting arm and a hub are omitted in the vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine of FIG. 3 is a plan view of the planetary gearbox portion of FIG. Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the vertical axis bi-directional wind turbine of Figure 1; 5 is a partially enlarged plan view for explaining the camber line of the inner blate and the outer blate of Fig.

1 to 5, a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine 10 according to the present embodiment includes an outer blade 12, an inner blade 14, a first planetary gear box 21, a second planetary gear box 22, and a coupling 30.

The outer blades 12 are connected to the first planetary gear box 21 and the second planetary gear box 22 through a pair of upper and lower connecting arms 32. In the present embodiment, three outer blades 12 are supported by three pairs of upper and lower connecting arms 32, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, two outer blades or four or more outer blades may be employed in view of performance or efficiency.

The three pairs of upper side connecting arms 32 are connected to the ring gear of the first planetary gear box 21 through a first hub 33 that engages the first planetary gear box 21 and covers the first planetary gear box do. Similarly, the three pairs of lower side connecting arms 32 are connected to the second planetary gear box 22 via the first hub 33, which engages the second planetary gear box 22 and covers the second planetary gear box 22 ) Ring gear. The first ring gear 23 on the upper side of the first planetary gear box 21 and the second ring gear 23 on the lower side of the second planetary gear box 22 are separated from each other at the upper and lower portions thereof.

The inner blade 14 is connected to the first planetary gear box 21 and the second planetary gear box 22 via a pair of upper and lower connecting arms 34 from the inside of the outer blade 12. In this embodiment, three inner blades 14 are supported by three pairs of upper and lower connecting arms 34, but are not limited thereto. For example, two inner blades or four or more inner blades may be employed.

Three pairs of upper side connecting arms 34 are connected to the sun shaft (first sun gear shaft) 24a of the first planetary gear box 21 via the upper side second hub 35. Similarly, three pairs of lower side connecting arms 34 are connected to the sun shaft (second sun gear shaft) 24b of the second planetary gear box 22 via the lower second hub 35.

The first sun gear shaft 24a is connected to the first sun gear 24 of the first planetary gear box 21 and the second sun gear shaft 24b is connected to the second sun gear 24 of the second planetary gear box 22, Lt; / RTI > The first sun shaft 24a and the second sun shaft 24b are hollow and have a structure in which a fixed shaft connected to the stator of the generator is inserted.

That is, the first planetary gear box 21 and the second planetary gear box 22 support the outer blades 12 and the inner blades 14 and the outer blades 12 and the inner blades 14 in opposite directions . A pair of upper and lower ring gears 23 (first ring gear and second ring gear) of the first planetary gear box 21 and the second planetary gear box 22 are connected to the upper and lower first hubs 33, And a pair of upper and lower sun gears 24 (first sun gear and second sun gear) are connected to first and second sun gear shafts 24a and 24b separately disposed at upper and lower portions, And is connected to the inner blade 14 through the upper and lower second hubs 35.

The configuration and operation of the outer turbine and the inner turbine constituted by the inner and outer blades 12 and 14 and the first and second planetary gear boxes 21 and 22 will be described below.

First, in the combination structure of the outer turbine and the inner turbine constituted by the inner and outer blades 12 and 14 and the first and second planetary gear boxes 21 and 22, the inner and outer blades 12 and 14, The acceleration characteristics vary depending on the angle.

That is, in the case of the horizontal axis method, it is possible to adjust the pitch angle control angle at the initial travel angle and the steady state angle of attack, and adjust the output through the pitch control. Likewise, although the pitch control mechanism can be used in the vertical axis system, the implementation method is complicated and the efficiency corresponding to the wind direction conversion is low. Therefore, in this embodiment, the inner and outer asymmetric lifting type blades are used in an outer shape (bulging in the centrifugal force direction) and an inner shape (bulging in the centrifugal force direction) along the camber direction of the blade.

As for the characteristics of the outer turbine and the inner turbine according to the above-described configuration of the blades, the outer turbine has an excellent initial maneuverability, but the lift coefficient is low in the steady state. In the case of the inner turbine, It takes a long time, but steady state lift coefficient is high. Thus, in the vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine structure, the outer blade characteristic is used initially and the inner blade characteristic is used in the steady state.

The blade 12 of the outer turbine rotates in the direction opposite to the blade 14 of the inner turbine and the camber 121 or the average camber line 122 protruding in the centrifugal force direction Fi Respectively.

The arrangement of the outer turbines is not particularly limited in this embodiment, but is preferably excellent in efficiency in the case of a two-row to three-row turbine. In particular, the outer turbine can be arranged in an appropriate range as long as the turbine does not disturb the flow of the inner turbine.

The inner turbine is constituted by an asymmetric lifting blade having a camber 141 or an average camber line 142 protruding in the centrifugal force direction Fc and the inner blade 14 is preferably arranged in two to three rows.

Next, in the first and second planetary gear boxes, the first planetary gear box 21 is constituted by a ring gear 23, a planetary gear 25 and a sun gear 24 from the outside to the center in the form of a general planetary gear And the ring gear 23 functions to decelerate the sun gear 24 by a gear ratio difference.

On the other hand, since the outer turbine of the two-way turbine is of a low speed type, the outer blade can not be connected to the ring gear in the single planetary gear system. That is, when one planetary gear box is used, there is a problem that the sun gear shaft in the center of the gear must be directly connected to the outer turbine. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first planetary gear box 21 and the second planetary gear box 22 are disposed on the upper and lower portions, respectively, and the two sun gear shafts 24a, 24b, which are the high- And the upper and lower portions of the body 100 are connected to each other. Here, the two sun gear shafts 24a and 24b are formed as a hollow shaft so that the stator fixing shafts 23a and 23b of the generator can be inserted into the hollow portion thereof, respectively.

The second planetary gear box 22 has the same basic structure as the first planetary gear box 21. The upper end of the sun shaft 24b extending to the hollow shaft has a hollow flange 37 which can be connected to the rotor lower side of the generator.

The upper sun gear shaft 24a of the second planetary gear box 22 is a clogging structure in which the upper end thereof is provided with the bearing housing at the end of the stator fixed shaft 29 of the generator. The lower sun gear shaft 24b of the second planetary gear box 22 has a structure in which the stator fixing shaft 29 penetrates the inside of the support body 20 and can be connected to the lower fixed tower And a bearing housing is provided at a lower portion thereof.

The outer turbine is connected to the outer blade 12 via the ring gear 23 of the first and second planetary gear boxes 21 and 22 and the first hub 33 and the upper and lower connecting arms 32, And the inner turbine is constructed to connect the sun gear 24 and the sun gear shafts 24a and 24b of the first and second planetary gear boxes 21 and 22, And to connect the inner blade 14 and the stator 29 of the generator via the rotor 34.

Next, the generator is constituted by a rotor (permanent magnet portion) 27 rotating on the outside and a stationary stator 29 having a coil inside thereof. The stator fixed shaft has a structure in which an extension shaft extends to the upper and lower portions of the outer rotor housing. The stator fixed shaft extends through the hollow shaft portion 24a of the first planetary gear box 21, (24a) and a bearing. The lower fixed shaft of the second planetary gear box 22 is connected to the tower fixed shaft via the hollow sun gear shaft 24b of the second planetary gear box 22, ) To the bearings at the lower end thereof.

Meanwhile, unlike the conventional composite turbine, the vertical axis bi-directional wind turbine according to the present embodiment is provided with a high torque type turbine on the outer side and a lift lift turbine having a high main speed ratio on the inner side, The turbine has a large turning radius, low peripheral speed, and low rotational speed, which is highly likely to transfer wind energy internally.

However, since the conventional combined turbine is provided with a lift turbine having a high peripheral speed ratio at the outer side and a drag-like turbine having a low peripheral speed ratio at the inner side in addition to the efficiency increase due to the directional characteristics rotating in opposite directions to each other, , The inner turbine is intended to start by the inner drag type turbine, and when the outer turbine becomes steady state, the wind wall due to the high rotation is formed, so there is no energy transfer to the inner side turbine and the torque by the inner side turbine does not affect the rotation torque Only the area of the outer turbine contributes to the output.

In order to solve the problem of the conventional composite turbine, in this embodiment, the inner turbine and the outer turbine are mechanically coupled by the central upper and lower planetary gearboxes in the structure in which the inner and outer turbines rotate in opposite directions, Torque torque increases the energy conversion efficiency over time with the effect of reaching the steady state of the inner lift type turbine in a short time through the accelerator.

Furthermore, when the inner and outer turbines rotate in opposite directions, each turbine can generate a maximum torque in the front surface area having a high energy density, and the ratio of 1: 1 to 1: N And the optimum rotation balance of the inner and outer turbines can be maintained.

For each turbine in the inner and outer turbines, it is desirable to maintain the inherent ratio ratio of the main turbine and to maintain the rotating ratio of the inner and outer turbines in the ratio of 1/4: 1 to 1/2: 1 for the maximum efficiency of the turbine Do. The outer diameter of the outer and inner turbines may correspond to the half-diameter ratio of the first or second sun gear shaft 24a or 24b and the inner and outer blades 12 and 14.

If the inner turbine rotation angle is made larger than the inherent ratio ratio for the high torque, the following efficiency reduction phenomenon appears.

First, because it is connected to the same axis of rotation, if the outer turbine rotates at the specified circumferential speed ratio, the inner and outer sides rotate at the same rate, and thus the inner turbine rotates in the range exceeding the prescribed ratio ratio. The drag force may not be introduced into the drag type pocket at all but may increase the drag force.

Secondly, the multi-pipe theory of wind inflow reaction area is widened, so that the pressure on the front part rises and the flow velocity decreases, and consequently, the wind speed flowing into the outside turbine may be lowered together.

Thirdly, when the direction of the wind is 90 °, the overlap occurs at 0 ° and 180 ° according to the speed ratio of the inner and outer turbines, and is aligned with the wind direction at intervals of 90 ° and 270 ° . In this case, the overlapping interval of 0 ° and 180 ° results in an increase in the thrust due to the formation of air pockets between the inner and outer turbine blades. In the 90 ° and 270 ° sections, the efficiency is lowered. However, in this case, the peripheral speed ratio of the inner turbine is two to four times faster than that of the outer turbine, and since the substantial overlap time due to such difference is very short, the power reduction effect can be very small.

According to the above-described embodiment, the present invention is characterized in that the present invention comprises a lift-type asymmetric outer blade 12 of a camber-like shape convexly outward in the centrifugal force direction on the outer side in the same rotation area and a camber- An asymmetric inner blade 14 and an inner turbine with respect to a central central axis can provide a vertical axis bidirectional wind turbine rotating in the opposite direction to the outer turbine.

Particularly, the planetary gear boxes 21 and 22 are installed on the central shaft and the sun gear shaft 24a of the upper first planetary gear box 21 and the sun gear shaft 22b of the lower second planetary gear box 22 And the first ring gear 23 of the first planetary gear box 21 and the second ring gear 23 of the second planetary gear box 22 are disposed on the same axis, Way wind turbine structure in which the sun gear shafts 24a and 24b of the first and second planetary gear boxes 21 and 22 are connected to the connecting arms 32 and the upper and lower connecting arms 34 of the inner turbine are connected to the sun gear shafts 24a and 24b, Can be provided.

That is, an inner turbine is installed within the rotation radius of the outer turbine, and the inner turbine and the outer turbine rotate in opposite directions. In the center of the turbine, a generator is installed. On the rotary rotor side of the generator, The present invention can provide a high efficiency vertical axis wind turbine that forms a combination.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to secure a short start-up time and to induce a high speed ratio by means of an inner blade having an outer camber and an outer blade having an excellent initial maneuverability and an inner camber and exhibiting high torque characteristics It is possible to provide a vertical axis wind power generator.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims . It is therefore to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative in all aspects and not restrictive.

12: outer blade 14: inner blade
20: support body 21, 22: planetary gear box
23: ring gear 23a, 23b: stator fixed shaft
24: sun gear 24a, 24b: sun gear shaft
25: planetary gear 27: generator rotor
29: generator stator

Claims (5)

An outer blade having a camber line protruding in a centrifugal force direction as an asymmetric lifting blade;
An inner blade having a camber line protruding in a centripetal direction as an asymmetric lifting blade and rotating in a direction opposite to the outer blade;
A first planetary gear box having a first ring gear to which the outer blade is connected and a first sun gear to which the inner blade is connected;
A second planetary gear box having a second ring gear to which the outer blades are connected and a second sun gear to which the inner blades are connected; And
The rotation torque generated between the outer blade and the inner blade between the first sun gear shaft connected to the first sun gear of the first planetary gear box and the second sun gear shaft connected to the second sun gear of the second planetary gear box is set to the same direction And coupled to the rotor of the generator
/ RTI >
Wherein the first planetary gear box and the second planetary gear box are disposed at upper and lower portions with the coupling therebetween along the first sun gear shaft and the second sun gear shaft,
Wherein the first sun shaft and the second sun shaft are hollow and have a structure in which a fixed shaft of the stator of the generator is inserted,
The outer blade is connected to the first ring gear of the first planetary gear box and the second ring gear of the second planetary gear box via the upper and lower connecting arms and the first hub,
Wherein the inner blade is connected to the rotor of the generator arranged coaxially with the first sun gear shaft of the first planetary gear box and the second sun gear shaft of the second planetary gear box via the upper and lower second hubs. Bi-directional wind turbine. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The generator is installed between the first planetary gear box and the second planetary gear box, the first sun shaft is connected to the upper portion of the rotor of the generator, and the second sun shaft is connected to the lower portion of the rotor of the generator Wherein the fixed shaft of the stator of the generator is fixed to the wind tower through the hollow first shaft and the second sun gear shaft. The method according to claim 1,
The ratio of the first shortest distance between the first sunk shaft and the inner blade to the second shortest distance between the first sunk shaft and the outer blade is set in a range of 1/4: 1 to 1/2: 1 Vertical axis bi-directional wind turbine.

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