JP2006333872A - Food containing glycine and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an unconventional glycine-containing food. <P>SOLUTION: The food of the type based on unit of intake per serving is a composition which contains glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to give glycine in an amount of not less than 0.5 g based on glycine per serving. The composition can be applied as a food flavoring, a deep sleep disorder improving food, or a bowel movement improving food. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a food containing glycine and its use.

Glycine is the simplest non-essential amino acid called CH ₂ (NH ₂ ) COOH. Glycine is an amino acid that is also recognized as a food additive and is contained in many foods. For example, beverages are added for the purpose of preserving quality, and the content is about 50 mg / 100 ml at the maximum. Glycine is also contained in kneaded products such as koji. A known function of glycine is to improve memory and attention by ingesting 0.1 g per day (Non-patent Document 1). Further, as a constituent of beauty food (Patent Document 1), as an additive for reducing the bitterness and puffiness of saponin (Patent Document 2), it is further known that glycine is added together with maltose as an anti-modification agent for food. (Patent Document 3).
Sandra E. (Sandra E.) et al., “Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology” (USA), 1999, Vol. 19, No. 6, P. 506-512 JP 2001-224334 A JP-A-4-207161 JP-A-2-72853

  An object of the present invention is to provide an unconventional form of glycine-containing food, and to provide a food having a new function based on glycine.

The present inventors have found that intake of a certain amount or more of glycine can express some new functions that have not been conventionally known, and have completed the present invention as follows.
(1) It is in the form of a single food intake unit, and the unit contains glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis containing 0.5 g or more as a single food intake (however, the content of saponin is 1 mg Except foods that are above).
(2) The food according to (1), further comprising an amino acid other than glycine or a substance that can be converted into an amino acid other than glycine by hydrolysis in terms of an amino acid other than glycine, in an amount of 5 g or less per unit of food intake.
(3) The food according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the form of the food is powder, tablet or granule.
(4) The food according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the food is in a slurry form.
(5) The food according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the form of the food is a beverage.
(6) The food according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the form of the food is confectionery.
(7) The food according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the food is in the form of jelly, pudding, or yogurt.
(8) The food according to any one of (1) to (7) above, wherein the form of the food is a form packaged in units of one meal intake.
(9) The food according to (1) or (2) above, for masking a scent presented by the food material itself or a scent imparted by food processing.
(10) A food product for improving a deep sleep disorder comprising an amount of glycine effective for improving the deep sleep disorder or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis.
(11) The food for improving deep sleep disorder as described in 10 above, wherein the effective amount is 0.5 g or more per serving in terms of glycine.
(12) The food according to 10 or 11 above, which is labeled as being used for improving a deep sleep disorder.
(13) A food for improving bowel movement containing an amount of glycine effective for improving bowel movement or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis.
(14) The food for improving bowel movements according to the above (13), wherein the effective amount is 0.5 g or more per serving in terms of glycine.
(15) The food according to (13) or (14), which is labeled as being used for improving bowel movements.
(16) The food according to any one of (10) to (15), wherein the food is a health functional food.
(17) The food according to (16) above, wherein the health functional food is a food for specified health use.
(18) A commercial package containing a food containing glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to glycine, and a description that describes the use of the product for use in improving a deep sleep disorder.
(19) A commercial package containing a food containing glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to glycine, and a description that describes the use for the purpose of improving bowel movement.
(20) A commercial product including a glycine or a food containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed by hydrolysis, and a description that describes the use of the food material itself for masking the scent presented by the food material itself or the scent imparted by food processing package.
(21) A method for masking a scent presented by a food material itself or a scent imparted by food processing, characterized by containing 0.15 to 100% by weight of glycine with respect to the total amount of food.
(22) Use of glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to produce glycine for the production of a food for improving deep sleep disorder.
(23) Use of glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis for the production of a food for improving bowel movements.
(24) A composition for improving a deep sleep disorder comprising glycine as an active ingredient.
(25) A deep sleep disorder improving agent comprising glycine as an active ingredient.
(26) A composition for improving bowel movements containing glycine as an active ingredient.
(27) A bowel movement improving agent containing glycine as an active ingredient.
(28) Use of glycine or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis for producing a composition for improving deep sleep disorder.
(29) Use of glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine through hydrolysis for producing a composition for improving bowel movement.
(30) A commercial package containing a glycine or a substance containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed to glycine, and a narrative describing the use of the substance for use in improving deep sleep disorders.
(31) A commercial package containing a glycine or a substance containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed to give glycine, and a narrative that describes the use for the purpose of improving bowel movement.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The essence of the present invention is a novel use of glycine and a food suitable for that use. As described above, glycine is an amino acid having a structure of CH ₂ (NH ₂ ) COOH. The “substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis” is a substance from which glycine can be obtained by hydrolysis reaction (particularly in vivo hydrolysis reaction), and typical examples include proteins and peptides having glycine as a constituent unit. A substance from which glycine can be obtained by hydrolysis reaction is expected to produce the same effects as ingesting glycine from the beginning because glycine is produced by hydrolysis in the body after ingestion.

  The food which takes the form of the intake unit per serving in the present invention contains 0.5 g or more per serving of glycine or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis. Since such foods can easily consume a large amount of glycine, they are foods that are easy to enjoy the effects of the new action described below.

  “Food taking the form of an intake unit per meal” is a food having a form in which the amount taken per meal is predetermined. In this specification, food is a concept that broadly encompasses foods that can be taken orally (excluding pharmaceuticals), as well as so-called “food”, beverages, health supplements, health functional foods (foods for specified health use, Functional foods), supplements, etc. For example, in the case of beverages, candy, chewing gum, jelly, pudding, yogurt, etc., the form of the ingestion unit amount per serving includes a form that defines a certain amount in a pack, packaging, bottle, etc. -In the case of a slurry-like food, a form in which a certain amount can be specified by packaging or the intake amount per meal is displayed on a container or the like.

  “In terms of glycine” in the content of glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed in food, in terms of glycine, pay attention to the weight of glycine when it contains glycine itself, and a substance that can become glycine by hydrolysis. When contained, this means that attention is paid to the weight of glycine when all substances that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis are converted to glycine. If the food contains both glycine and a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis, the weight of glycine when the substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis is all converted to glycine by hydrolysis, and glycine originally The total weight of the food is the content in the food.

  The content of glycine per serving or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis is 0.5 g or more, preferably 1.0 g or more in terms of glycine, from the viewpoint of ease of inclusion in food and the effect of inclusion. More preferably, it is 1.5 g or more. On the other hand, eating experience obtained from known knowledge (Evins AE et al., “American Journal of Psychiatry”, (USA), May 2000, No. 1 157, No. 5, P.826-828) and from the viewpoint of ease of packaging and ingestion, the content is preferably 100 g or less, more preferably 60 g or less.

  The inventors have also found that if the food contains a lot of amino acids other than glycine, it tends to be difficult to enjoy the effects described below. Therefore, the content of amino acids other than glycine or substances that can be converted into amino acids other than glycine by hydrolysis is preferably 5 g or less per serving in terms of amino acids other than glycine. When the amount of the amino acid other than glycine and the substance capable of becoming an amino acid other than glycine by hydrolysis exceeds 5 g when the food contains only the minimum level of glycine necessary for the expression of the function of the present invention. The function of glycine is suppressed.

  The lower limit of the content of an amino acid other than glycine or a substance that can be converted into an amino acid other than glycine by hydrolysis is not particularly defined, for example, 50 mg per serving in terms of amino acid other than glycine is substantially included Preferably not.

An amino acid other than glycine refers to an amino acid other than the above glycine. Here, the “amino acid” is an organic compound having both an amino group (—NH ₂ ) and a carboxyl group (—COOH). “A substance that can be converted into an amino acid other than glycine by hydrolysis” is a substance from which an organic compound (excluding glycine) having both an amino group and a carboxyl group can be obtained by hydrolysis (particularly in vivo hydrolysis reaction). A typical example is a protein or peptide having an amino acid other than glycine as a constituent unit.

  In terms of the content of amino acids other than glycine in foods or substances that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis, "in terms of amino acids other than glycine" refers to the weight of amino acids other than glycine and substances that can be converted to amino acids other than glycine by hydrolysis. Means that the total weight of amino acids other than glycine and the weight of amino acids other than glycine is considered.

  The form of glycine contained in the food or the substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis is not particularly limited, and may be powdery or granular, slurry, tablet, capsule, solution, jelly, emulsion It may be. Among these, granules and powders are preferable because of portability and ease of packaging. Further, from the viewpoint of ease of ingestion, a solution form, a jelly form, and a slurry form are also preferable.

  The term “slurry” glycine contained in food means a state in which solid glycine is suspended in a liquid medium. However, a part of glycine may be dissolved in the medium.

  For example, in the case where the food is a so-called health food, a form in which 0.5 g or more of granular glycine is packaged in the form of an intake unit per serving is mentioned, and the food is a health drink. In such a case, a form in which a drink in which 0.5 g or more of glycine is suspended or dissolved is put in a bottle or the like in the form of being swallowed per serving.

  The form of food is not particularly limited, and can be applied to various foods. Since glycine is highly soluble in water and has a favorable sweetness, it is also suitable for use in beverages, confectionery, jelly, pudding, and yogurt. Beverages are not limited to those provided as solutions or suspensions in bottles, cans, paper packs, or the like, but may be extracted and dissolved, such as tea, coffee, and powdered beverages, for use in drinking. Here, the term “confectionery” refers to sweets such as sweets to be eaten in addition to meals, and examples include candy, chewing gum, and tablet confectionery.

  Non-human animals to be administered include mammals such as domestic animals and poultry, and laboratory animals. The administration form to animals other than humans may be addition to feed.

  Next, an invention relating to a novel use of glycine will be described. The novel uses of the present invention are uses as food fragrances, mid-wake / early-morning awakening-suppressing foods, foods for improving deep sleep disorders, and foods for improving bowel movements.

<Food flavor>
Conventionally, ordinary amino acids have been used as reaction flavors under special conditions such as an industrial environment at high temperatures. The present inventors have found that preferred flavors can be produced by reacting with saccharides contained in foods under conditions generally feasible at home, such as adding hot water to glycine. It was also found that it can be used for masking unfavorable flavors in foods.

  The food fragrance in the present invention is to add a scent to a food material having almost no scent, reinforce a scent lost during the manufacturing process of the food, or to mask an unpleasant scent possessed by the food material itself or produced during processing. It is a concept that represents the substance to be used.

  In order to use as a food flavor, glycine may be contained in the food. The content of glycine may be appropriately set according to the degree of flavor to be imparted and the degree of masking. However, if the food is in the form of a unit of intake per serving, glycine is preferably per 0.5, preferably 0.5. ˜100 g, more preferably 1.0 to 60 g. Further, the weight of glycine in the whole food is preferably 0.15 to 100% by weight, more preferably 0.3%, for reasons of solubility, taste preference, and effectiveness of flavor and masking effect. ~ 98 wt%. In this application, a preferable use mode includes a mode of reacting with saccharides by heating such as adding hot water. In this case, examples of the saccharide to be reacted include sucrose, fructose, glucose, dextrin, maltose, and maltose.

  Further, the scent imparted by the food material itself or the scent imparted by food processing, characterized by containing 0.15 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 98% by weight of glycine, relative to the whole food The masking method is also an object of the present invention.

  When using glycine for masking unfavorable flavors in foods, `` unfavorable flavors '' include herbal medicines used in herbal medicines and herbal medicines as well as folk remedies such as Yakon, Tochu, and Puaru, which are included in general health foods. Examples include plant extracts such as Dokudami, which are commonly used, and flavors of herbs that are generally eaten or extracted as herbs for drinking.

<Food that improves deep sleep disorder>
Another embodiment of the present invention includes an embodiment in which a food containing glycine (or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis) is used as a deep sleep disorder improving food.

  Here, “deep sleep disorder” means a state where there is no satisfaction with deep sleep when waking up, or a state where the user feels lack of sleep, or a state where the user is not satisfied with various states expected by appropriate sleep. Say. For example, when sleep is shallow, when it is difficult to shift to slow wave sleep that is deep sleep after falling asleep, when sleep is interrupted, when you can not wake up at the expected time, or when sleep time is insufficient, In addition, when the sleep environment is inappropriate, when there is mental or physical stress, when ingredients that have a wakefulness, such as caffeine, are consumed before going to bed, excessive drinking, or irregular sleep cycles or biological If there is rhythm disturbance, it is likely to occur even in an environment with a time difference. In general, sleep is not only a resting body, but also more active body and mental fatigue, organizing memory, especially in deep sleep, the growth and metabolic balance of the body is adjusted by the secretion of growth hormone etc. It is known to have a role to play. Therefore, due to a deep sleep disorder, even if you take a sleep, your physical and mental state will not improve, you will remain tired, your willingness to live will decline, the next day you may be oversleeping, If you have a lack of sleep time or a headache, improve them (improvement of deep sleep disorder), for example, to reduce fatigue and awakening when waking up. The improvement of the state, the realization that deep sleep was obtained, the realization that good quality sleep was obtained, and the willingness to live and concentration are expected. Irregular work such as shift work and movement with time difference can also cause deep sleep disorders, which can be improved to improve concentration during awakening, prevent oversleep during the day, It is also expected to reduce feelings and increase work motivation. A deep sleep disorder improving food is a food effective not only for improving the deep sleep disorder but also for exerting the role inherent in the act of sleep by improving the quality of sleep. Such roles include, for example, a refreshing mood when waking up, reduction of fatigue, and prevention of excessive sleep during the day. The deep sleep disorder improving food is a food that can improve the deep sleep disorder. The concept called “sleep disorder” or “insomnia” is also included in the concept of “deep sleep disorder”.

  The food of the present invention as a deep sleep disorder improving food is a food containing glycine or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis. The food intake for this use is preferably 0.00625 to 2.5 g / kg / day, more preferably 0.125 to 1.5 g / kg / day (weight) in terms of glycine. Daily intake per kg). The meaning of “in terms of glycine” is as described above. If it is more than the lower limit of the numerical range, it is sufficient for producing the above-mentioned effect, but if the intake amount is increased, the intake tends to be difficult or the cost tends to increase. The above-described food in the form of a unit of intake per serving facilitates management of glycine intake.

  Due to the effects related to sleep as described above, it is expected to suppress daytime sleepiness, and in particular, to improve the quality of sleep in an environment with a time difference such as a jet lag. In today's life, it may be difficult to get regular sleep, such as shifts in working hours or shift work. Thus, in an environment where lifestyle patterns are disturbed, the quality of life can be improved by improving the feeling of deep sleep when waking up and reducing sleepiness during the daytime. Regarding the effects of glycine as described above, it is assumed that a plurality of mechanisms are related, but it is considered that the action on the sympathetic / parasympathetic nervous system is particularly effective. In an experiment in which an electrocardiogram was measured in an experimental animal, a result that the parasympathetic nervous system acts predominantly by administration of glycine was obtained. It is said that modern life tends to have sympathetic nerve predominance due to mental stress, etc., but glycine has a parasympathetic nerve that acts in contrast to this, so that slow wave sleep (deep sleep) It is thought that it induces the transition to, improves the quality of sleep during sleep, properly regulates the activity of internal organs during sleep, and promotes natural sleep. When taking glycine for such sleep-related purposes, it is most appropriate to take it before going to bed.

  As a subordinate concept of a deep sleep disorder improving food, a mid-wake arousal-suppressing food and an early-morning awakening-suppressing food can be exemplified. Here, “halfway awakening” refers to a state in which the user wakes up at night and cannot sleep for a while, and “early morning awakening” refers to a state in which the user wakes up earlier than intended and cannot sleep as it is. The midway awakening / early morning awakening suppression food is a food that can improve at least one of the above state of midway awakening and early morning awakening.

  The food of the present invention as a food product that suppresses mid-wake and early morning arousal is a food containing glycine or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis. The preferred intake of the food for this use is the same as the preferred intake as a food for improving deep sleep disorders.

<Food bowel improvement food>
Another embodiment of the present invention includes an embodiment in which a food containing glycine (or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis) is used as a food for improving bowel movement. Here, “improvement of bowel movement” is a food that can improve abnormal bowel movement (so-called constipation or diarrhea).
In order to use as a food for improving bowel movement, a food containing glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis may be ingested. The preferred intake of the food for this use is the same as the preferred intake as a food for improving deep sleep disorders.

<Commercial package>
In the package containing the description of the food of the present invention and the description of its use, the description includes a so-called Noh book describing the description of the use / efficacy and the eating and drinking method.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. However, this invention is not limited at all by description of an Example. In the tests of Experimental Examples 1 to 6 and 8 other than the test using laboratory animals, all subjects voluntarily added glycine for food additives in powder or tablets or general foods based on their own desires. This is a summary of the results of ingesting and commenting on the person's free will. The tests after Experimental Example 9 were conducted in a double-blind placebo test under the guidance of a specialist with the approval of the in-house ethics review committee.

(Experimental example 1)
Prepare a tea bag of commercially available blended tea shown in Table 1 with 2 g of powdered glycine (substantially pure) added or not added, and add a predetermined amount (150 ml) of hot water to 1 Extracted for minutes. Five subjects drank the extracted blended tea. Comments were obtained from subjects about the reduction in flavor for those with glycine added compared to the case without glycine added. The decrease in flavor was used as an index of the masking effect (Table 1). For all three types of blended teas tested, the majority of subjects confirmed the masking effect, most of which were favorable masking effects.

(Experimental example 2)
FIG. 1 shows the state of glycine intake and sleep when a Japanese resident (male, 44 years old, weight 62 kg) who is a subject in Japan travels to the east coast of the United States. In the figure, glycine (substantially pure tablet-like glycine containing no excipients and flavorings) was ingested at the date and time marked with an arrow. Of these, "June 20" and "June 21" ingest 1.0g, "June 22" to "June 26" and "June 29" ingest 1.5g did. The subject was frequently awake during sleep during the same trips up to the previous time, but as apparent from the results of FIG.

(Experimental example 3)
Glycine (substantially pure confectionary glycine containing no excipients and fragrances) before sleeping for 3 subjects (subjects A to C, weight 64 to 74 kg) traveling to the US for 5 days The sleepiness felt from 1 pm to 5 pm on the next day was evaluated in three stages with and without 1.5 g. The results are summarized in Table 2. In all three subjects, the degree of sleepiness during the next day was reduced when glycine was ingested compared to when it was not ingested.

(Experimental example 4)
The subject (body weight 45 kg) ingested 3 g of glycine directly before bedtime or added to various foods (see Table 3). In these foods, the content of amino acids other than glycine or substances that can become amino acids other than glycine by hydrolysis (amino acid equivalent) is generally 0 to 4 g. Compared to the case where glycine was not taken, the sleepiness at bedtime and the feeling of deep sleep when waking up the next morning were recorded and summarized in Table 3. When glycine was ingested in any form, in almost all cases, deep sleep and sleep were improved.

(Experimental example 5)
The subjects (weight: 45 to 80 kg) have 3 g of glycine (substantially pure glycine in the form of granules and powder) as it is, dissolved or suspended in water, juice, sports drink, etc., or in jelly, pudding, etc. Added and ingested to sleep, and spontaneously commented on the quality of sleep compared to non-ingested. 58 people out of 77 commented that the quality of sleep was improved, 2 people commented that the quality fell, and 17 people commented that there was no effect. In addition to the effects of waking up such as awakening and a feeling of deep sleep, there were effects of the next day of intake such as reduction of daytime sleepiness, and effects of sleep after intake such as reduction of snoring. Other than the above, stomach pain was reduced, the next morning was not tired, mental stress before the test was reduced, menstrual pain was lightened, I was oversleeping, There was a comment that the nasal congestion was resolved (see Table 4).

(Experimental example 6)
Two subjects (subjects A (weight 52 kg), B (weight 45 kg)) show glycine (substantially pure tablet-like glycine free of excipients and fragrance) before going to bed in Table 5. Ingested in the form (sometimes not ingested). Table 5 shows the presence or absence of bowel movements in the next morning in the corresponding number of days. When glycine was ingested before going to bed, the frequency of bowel movements increased the next morning. The bowel movement was also improved when taken with yogurt.

(Experimental example 7)
RR interval in electrocardiogram as an index of sympathetic nerve activity using beagle dogs administered with glycine (powdered substantially pure glycine) at 0, 30, and 300 mg / kg (0 mg / kg is control, CTRL). Was measured by a telemetry system. Measurements were taken at night after glycine administration. Further, sympathetic nerve activity ([low frequency component LF] / [high frequency component HF]) and parasympathetic nerve activity (high frequency component HF) were examined by fast Fourier transform and power spectrum analysis from the RR interval after oral administration of glycine. FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the elapsed time after administration and the RR interval. As a result, it was shown that when glycine was administered as compared with the control, the RR interval increased at 1 to 4 hours after administration, and parasympathetic nerve activity was dominant. From this, it was inferred that glycine may be involved in alleviating deep sleep disorders by relative suppression of sympathetic hyperactivity.

(Experimental example 8)
Subject A (body weight 45 kg) ingested the amount of glycine (powdered substantially pure) shown in Table 6 dissolved in water before going to bed, and recorded a feeling of deep sleep in the next morning. When the feeling of deep sleep improved more than usual, it was evaluated as “+”, when the feeling of deep sleep was almost the same as “±”, and when deteriorated, it was evaluated as “−”. The results are shown in Table 6.

(Experimental example 9)
A double-blind crossover test for the purpose of confirming the effect of glycine on sleep was conducted on 15 female adults (20s-50s, weight 46-58 kg). Subject took 3g of glycine (including granule, citric acid, etc.) 1 hour before going to bed, and the placebo contained ingredients other than glycine (citric acid, etc.) and adjusted to an indistinguishable taste. Reduced maltose was used. The study was conducted in 2 weeks with glycine and placebo for 4 days each, with 3 days of non-ingestion in between.

(1) When surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire that evaluates sleep status, subjects who were 32 years of age or older (6 of 15 people, weight 46-58 kg) Good, sluggish, heavy head, etc.) Significantly shown to improve mental (smooth, bad mood, etc.) condition, seems to be 9 or more on the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire (PSQI) The subjects who had a lot of trouble with sleep (7 out of 15 subjects, body weight 46-58 kg) showed a significant effect of improving the mental state when waking up. The results are shown in Table 7.

(2) A survey using a self-administered questionnaire that evaluates the state of fatigue when waking up showed a tendency to reduce the feeling of fatigue when waking up. The results are shown in Table 8. The glycine and placebo values in the table are compared to the placebo intake in the SAM fatigue checklist in the total score for 4 days in 10 questions (3 levels of 0, 1 and 2 each) for the degree of fatigue when waking up. It shows the number of subjects whose fatigue level was reduced (decrease in total score) or increased (increase in total score). In the table, the number of subjects having a difference of 1 point or more in total points (effective) and that having a difference of 4 points or more in total points (notable effect) are shown.

(3) When investigated using a self-administered questionnaire that evaluates the sleep state, the effect of improving the depth of sleep was significantly shown for subjects over 32 years old. The results are shown in Table 9. The values of glycine and placebo in the table are values representing the subject average of points evaluated in 8 stages in the sleep survey sheet “depth of sleep”. The larger the number, the more the subject answered that the sleep was deeper. Further, the p value is a statistical value and represents a possibility when it is assumed that there is no difference. In particular, there is a significant difference when this value is 0.05 or less.

(4) When asked about the quality of sleep at the end of each 1-week study period, 6 out of 15 responded that the week taking glycine was good and the week taking one placebo was good. The remaining 8 responded that both were the same.

(5) An investigation using a self-administered questionnaire for evaluating the state of sleep showed an effect of refreshing the head of the next morning especially for subjects over 32 years old. The results are summarized in Table 10.

  From the above, it was shown that ingestion of glycine can provide deep sleep and improve the feeling of fatigue when waking up and the physical or mental state. It is thought that fatigue was able to be taken because deep sleep was obtained, and the condition at the time of getting up was improved.

(Experimental example 10)
14 male adults (weight 64-112.5 kg, average 81.2 kg) who are concerned about sedation and apnea during sleep in a double-blind crossover test to confirm the effect of glycine on sleep ). The subject took 3g of glycine (including granule, citric acid, etc.) 1 hour before bedtime in terms of glycine, and the placebo contained ingredients other than glycine (citric acid, etc.) so that the taste was indistinguishable. Reduced maltose was used.

(1) When we measured using polysomnography all night to evaluate the state of sleep, there was no significant difference in the time from extinction to falling asleep, until going into slow wave sleep, which is considered deep sleep from extinction As a result, it was confirmed that the slow wave sleep in the early sleep period was prolonged.
Furthermore, when we investigated the state of sleep last night using the sleep questionnaire, we scored a high score in the “sleep depth” item. From this, it is considered that deep sleep can be easily obtained by ingestion of glycine. The results are summarized in Table 11. The slow wave sleep (%) in the early sleep onset in the table is a value representing the subject average of the ratio of the slow wave sleep in the early sleep onset (1 hour).
Moreover, in the OSA sleep survey form, a value representing the average of the subjects of the scores described in four stages (0, 11, 21, 32 points) was calculated. The higher the score, the more the subject answered that the sleep was deeper. The score with glycine intake was 16.7 points, which was higher than the score with placebo intake 12.3. This indicates that glycine intake deepened sleep.

(2) When the state of sleep last night was investigated with the OSA sleep survey form when waking up, there was a tendency that there were few states that were out of bed before falling asleep. It is thought that resistance to falling asleep at bedtime was reduced. A result is shown by the test subject average value of the score described in four steps (0, 11, 19, 30) in the OSA sleep questionnaire. A higher score means that the test subject answered that there were fewer states before they fell asleep. The score for glycine intake was 24.9, which was higher than the score for placebo intake 19.6. This indicates that the time spent before going to bed with glycine intake has decreased, and it is thought that deep sleep was obtained after falling asleep.

(Experimental example 11)
Spontaneous electroencephalograms recorded from electrodes placed in the cortex / hippocampus using rats administered glycine (powdered substantially pure glycine), respectively, at 0 g / kg and 2 g / kg (0 g / kg is a control) and Spontaneous exercise was measured with a neck electromyogram and an infrared monitor. The sleep-wake cycle was analyzed from the electroencephalogram, electromyogram and action record, and the occupation ratio and latency time in the light period and dark period were calculated. Table 12 shows the sleep-wake cycle occupancy every 3 hours, Table 13 shows the latency time, and Table 14 shows the amount of spontaneous movement 6 hours after administration (all are expressed as mean ± standard error).

  When glycine was administered during the day, the rate of wakefulness decreased compared to the control. Looking at the breakdown of the sleep period, both the slow wave sleep period and the fast wave sleep period tended to increase slightly. On the other hand, no effect was observed in the dark period. Moreover, as shown in Table 13, regarding the latency time in each sleep period, that is, the time until the first appearance after administration, the slow wave sleep period latency is shortened in the glycine administration group, and deep sleep is caused by glycine. This suggests that it is likely to be triggered.

  Furthermore, as shown in Table 14, the amount of spontaneous exercise during the light period decreased in the glycine administration group, but no change was observed during the dark period. From the above results, it was shown that glycine promotes natural sleep only in the light period, which is the original rest period of rats, without significantly changing the structure of sleep.

  The food of the present invention can exhibit an effect of improving a disturbed sleep disorder such as an unfavorable flavor masking action, a mid-wake arousal suppressing action, an early morning awakening suppressing action and the like, and a bowel movement improving action. The food which takes the form of the intake unit of the present invention is a food that can easily enjoy the effects of the above-described action.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the state of glycine intake and sleep when a subject travels to the east coast of the United States (Experimental Example 2). FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the elapsed time after glycine administration and the RR interval in an experiment using a beagle dog (Experimental Example 7).

Claims (31)

  A food intake unit comprising a unit containing 0.5 g or more of glycine or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to form glycine as a single food intake (however, the content of saponin is 1 mg or more) Except food).   Furthermore, the foodstuff of Claim 1 which contains the amino acid other than glycine or the substance which can turn into amino acids other than glycine by hydrolysis in conversion of amino acids other than glycine 5g or less per unit of food intake.   The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food is in the form of powder, tablet or granule.   The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food is in a slurry form.   The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food is a beverage.   The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food is a confectionery.   The food according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food is in the form of jelly, pudding or yogurt.   The food according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the form of the food is a form packaged in units of one meal intake.   The food according to claim 1 or 2, for masking a scent exhibited by the food material itself or a scent imparted by food processing.   A food for improving deep sleep disorder containing an amount of glycine effective for improving deep sleep disorder or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis.   The food for improving deep sleep disorder according to claim 10, wherein the effective amount is 0.5 g or more per serving in terms of glycine.   The food according to claim 10 or 11, which is labeled as being used for improving a deep sleep disorder.   A food for improving bowel movement containing an amount of glycine effective for improving bowel movement or a substance that can be hydrolyzed to become glycine.   The food for improving bowel movements according to claim 13, wherein the effective amount is 0.5 g or more per serving in terms of glycine.   The food according to claim 13 or 14, which is labeled as being used for improving bowel movements.   The food according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the food is a health functional food.   The food according to claim 16, wherein the health functional food is a food for specified health use.   A commercial package containing glycine or a food containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed to give glycine, and a description that describes the use for use in improving deep sleep disorders.   A commercial package containing glycine or a food containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed to glycine, and a statement describing instructions for use in bowel movement improvement applications.   A commercial package containing glycine or a food containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed and a description that describes the use of the food material itself for use in masking the scent presented by the food material itself or the scent imparted by food processing.   A method for masking a scent presented by a food material itself or a scent imparted by food processing, characterized by containing 0.15 to 100% by weight of glycine with respect to the total amount of food.   Use of glycine or a substance that can be converted to glycine by hydrolysis for the production of a food for improving deep sleep disorder.   Use of glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis for the production of food for improving bowel movements.   A composition for improving a deep sleep disorder comprising glycine as an active ingredient.   A deep sleep disorder improving agent comprising glycine as an active ingredient.   A composition for improving bowel movements containing glycine as an active ingredient.   A bowel movement improving agent containing glycine as an active ingredient.   Use of glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis for producing a composition for improving a deep sleep disorder.   Use of glycine or a substance capable of becoming glycine by hydrolysis for producing a composition for improving bowel movements.   A commercial package containing glycine or a substance containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed to glycine, and a statement that describes the use of the substance for use in improving a deep sleep disorder.   A commercial package containing a glycine or inclusion containing a substance that can be hydrolyzed to glycine, and a description that includes instructions for use in a bowel movement improving application.

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