JP2006300407A - Shell and tube type heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat exchanger easy to assemble and high in productivity while ensuring fluid flowing clearances between tubes and between a tube and a shell in a shell and tube type heat exchanger. <P>SOLUTION: The outer peripheries of the tubes 3 are provided with protruding parts 2 for spacers, and the protruding parts 2 are brought into mutual contact to constitute a core 4 formed of an assembly of the tubes 3. The core 4 and the shell 1 are brought into contact with each other through the protruding parts 2 between them or through protruding parts 7 on the inner peripheral surface of the shell 1. Mutual positioning between respective components in a cross-sectional direction is thereby performed. A header plate 6 is fitted to the opening of the shell 1, and the end of each tube 3 passes through a tube insertion hole 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger that is optimal as a cooler of an exhaust gas recirculation device (EGR).

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger used as an EGR cooler has a large number of cross-sectional circular pipes interposed between a pair of headers, and a shell is fitted around the outer periphery of the tube group. And while exhaust gas is distribute | circulated in each tube, cooling water is distribute | circulated in a shell and a heat exchanger is performed between both.
In addition, an EGR cooler using a flat tube has a large number of flat tubes arranged in parallel, both ends of which pass through a pair of square headers, and the outer periphery thereof is fitted with a square shell.

JP 2000-282963 A

Conventional shell-and-tube heat exchangers form gaps between the tubes and between the tubes and the shell to ensure smooth circulation of the cooling water. For this purpose, it is necessary to position the substrate while securing a gap between the components using various jigs. Therefore, there is a drawback that the assembly is troublesome.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that is easy to assemble and has high mass productivity while reliably holding gaps between components.

The present invention according to claim 1 has a cylindrical shell (1) whose end in the axial direction is open and a convex portion (2) for a spacer on a part of the outer periphery, and the convex portion (2). A core (4) that forms an assembly of a large number of tubes (3) that are in contact with each other in parallel,
A plurality of tube insertion holes (5) aligned with the tubes (3) of the core (4), and a header plate (6) having an outer periphery aligned with the opening of the shell (1). ,
The core (4) is inserted into the shell (1), and in this state, the inner periphery of the shell (1) and the outer periphery of the core (4) are connected to the convex portion (2) of the tube (3). Through contact or through the convex portion (7) on the inner periphery of the shell (1), the two are positioned in the transverse direction and cannot move in the transverse direction,
The header plate (6) closes the opening of the shell (1), and the ends of the tubes (3) pass through the tube insertion holes (5), respectively. Is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger brazed to each other.

The present invention according to claim 2 is the method according to claim 1,
The outer periphery of the core (4) and the inner periphery of the shell (1) are formed in a substantially circular shape, and a circular pipe (8) is installed on the axis of the shell (1), and the circular pipe (8) and the shell (1) The core (4) is interposed between
The tube (3) is a shell-and-tube type heat exchanger in which the convex part (2) or an annular convex strip (9) on the outer periphery of the circular pipe (8) is partly contacted.

The present invention described in claim 3 provides the method according to claim 2,
The tube (3) has a flat cross section and is curved in an arc shape, and a plurality of dimples are formed on the outer surface as the convex portion (2), and the dimples of adjacent tubes (3) are in contact with each other. The entire cross section is formed in a spiral shape, and the circular pipe (8) is arranged at the center thereof,
On the inner periphery of the shell (1) and the outer periphery of the circular pipe (8), a plurality of annular ridges (7a) (9) are arranged apart from each other in the axial direction, and each ridge (7a) ( 9) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger in contact at both end positions of the cross section of each tube (3).

The present invention as set forth in claim 4 is characterized in that, in claim 3,
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used as an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation device) cooler, and the exhaust gas (10) circulates in each tube (3) and the cooling water (11) is contained in the shell (1). The circular pipe (8) is used as an exhaust gas bypass.

The present invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 4,
Openings at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the shell (1) bulge outward, and a header plate (6) formed in a cup shape is fitted and fixed to the opening, and water is formed in the bulged portion of the shell (1). A shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which a tank section (12) is formed.

The present invention described in claim 6 provides the method according to claim 1,
The tube (3) has a circular cross section, and a plurality of annular ridges (2a) are arranged on the outer periphery of the tube (3) as the protrusions (2), spaced apart in the longitudinal direction,
It is a shell and tube heat exchanger in which the annular ridge (2a) is in contact with the inner surface of the shell (3).

The present invention described in claim 7 provides the method according to claim 1,
The tube (3) is composed of a flat flat tube (3a), and a plurality of dimples project as the convex portion (2) on the outer periphery thereof, and the flat tube (3a) having the same shape contacts through the dimple. Thus, the shell and tube heat exchanger has a core (4) formed and a shell (1) having a square cross section fitted on the outer periphery thereof.

  In the shell and tube heat exchanger of the present invention, a large number of tubes 3 contact each other in parallel via the convex portion 2 to form the core 4, and when the core 4 is inserted into the shell 1, The shell 1 is positioned with respect to each other in the transverse direction and cannot move in the transverse direction. Therefore, by closing the header plate 6 at the opening of the shell 1, the end of each tube 3 can be passed through the tube insertion hole 5, and the heat exchanger can be assembled quickly and easily. . Thereby, a heat exchanger with high productivity can be provided. Furthermore, since each tube 3 of the core 4 and between the tube 3 and the shell 1 are in contact with each other by the convex portion 2, the pressure resistance and the earthquake resistance are high.

  In the above configuration, when the outer periphery of the core 4 and the inner periphery of the shell 1 are formed in a substantially circular shape and the circular pipe 8 is inserted in the center of the shell 1, it is easy to assemble and fluid can be applied to each part of the tube 3. It can be distributed as uniformly as possible to promote heat exchange. In addition, it is easy to assemble and has excellent mass productivity.

  In the above configuration, in the case where the cross section of the flat tube 3 is curved in an arc shape, the projections 2 made of dimples are in contact with each other, and a large number of tubes 3 are arranged so that the cross section is spiral, further heat exchange High performance can be provided.

  In the above configuration, when the heat exchanger is used as an EGR cooler and the circular pipe 8 is used as an exhaust gas bypass, a compact and multi-functional one can be provided.

  In the above-described configuration, the opening portions at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the shell 1 bulge outward in the radial direction, and the cup-shaped header plate 6 is fitted and fixed to the opening, and the water tank portion 12 is formed at the bulging portion of the shell 1. As a result, it is possible to provide a heat exchanger that is easy to assemble and has excellent mass productivity.

  In the above configuration, the tube 3 has a circular cross section, and a plurality of ridges 2a are arranged on the outer periphery thereof so as to be spaced apart in the longitudinal direction, and the annular ridge 2a is arranged so as to contact the inner surface of the shell 1. In this case, the structure is very simple, easy to manufacture, and the ridges 2a form the spacers of the tubes 3 so that the fluid can be circulated uniformly on the outer surface side of the tubes 3.

  In the above configuration, the core 4 is configured by contacting a number of the flat tubes 3a via the convex portions 2 on the outer periphery of the flat tube 3a, and the shell 1 having a square cross section is fitted on the outer periphery thereof, the assembly is performed. It can be easy and has high heat exchange performance.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the heat exchanger of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main part of the heat exchanger, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the heat exchanger, taken along the line III-III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a line II-II in FIG. It is also a cross-sectional enlarged view. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the main part of the heat exchanger.

  This heat exchanger is optimal as a cooler for an engine exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR). In this example, a core 4 composed of an assembly of a large number of tubes 3 is interposed between a circular pipe 8 and a shell 1 arranged concentrically. A pair of header plates 6 are fitted to both ends of the shell 1, and both ends of each tube 3 penetrate the header plate 6. As shown in FIG. 3, a header 17 is attached to the outside of the header plate 6. The right header 17 is attached via an intermediate header 18.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tube 3 has a flat cross section and is curved in an arc shape, and a convex portion 2 made of a large number of dimples protrudes from the outer surface thereof. The cross section of the convex portion 2 is formed in a trapezoidal shape. And each tube 3 is arrange | positioned so that the whole cross section may become spiral shape. Further, the adjacent tubes 3 are positioned so as to be in parallel with each other at regular intervals via the convex portions 2.

  The inner and outer envelopes in the cross section of the core 4 thus formed are both circular. Then, the ridges 7 a and ridges 9 of the circular shell 1 and the circular pipe 8 are in contact with the core 4. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the outer surface side of the shell 1 is bent into a V-shaped cross section and protrudes toward the inner surface side, and a plurality of protrusions 7a of the shell 1 exist in the axial direction. 2 in the example). Further, the convex strips 9 of the circular pipe 8 project in an annular shape on the outer surface side, and a plurality of the strips 9 are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction (three in this example).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 1, a large number of tubes 3 are brought into contact with each other, and the tips and rear ends of the cross sections thereof are brought into contact with the shell 1 and the ridges 7 a and 9 of the circular pipe 8. The core 4 to be formed is positioned so as not to move in any of the cross-sectional directions.

  As is clear from FIG. 4, the shell 1 has bulged portions 1a projecting from the opening portions at both ends. The directions of the bulging portions 1a located at both ends of the shell 1 are different from each other by about 180 °, and the bulging amount of the bulging portions 1a outward in the radial direction gradually increases from one end to the other end, and the maximum portion has an inner flange shape. The notch 16 is provided. A cooling water inlet / outlet pipe 15 is connected to the notch 16 later.

  The header plate 6 is formed in a cap shape, and its opening is aligned with the opening of the shell 1. A central hole through which the circular pipe 8 passes is formed at the center, and a large number of arcuate tube insertion holes 5 are perforated on the outer periphery thereof. The tube insertion hole 5 matches the cross-sectional shape of each tube 3 in FIG.

(Assembly method)
Each component having such a structure is assembled by the following procedure as an example. A circular pipe 8 is inserted on the axis of the shell 1, and a core 4 composed of an assembly of a large number of tubes 3 is inserted between the circular pipe 8 and the shell 1 as shown in FIG. At this time, the projecting portions 2 of the tubes 3 are in contact with each other, and the front end portion and the rear end portion in the cross section of the tube 3 are in contact with the projecting strips 7a of the shell 1 and the projecting strips 9 of the circular pipe 8. The relative position is determined by positioning.

  Next, the pair of header plates 6 in FIG. Then, both ends of the circular pipe 8 pass through the center hole 19 of the header plate 6, and each tube 3 passes through the tube insertion hole 5. One opening of the header plate 6 is formed with a bulging portion 6a, which is aligned with the bulging portion 1a of the shell 1.

  Next, in this example, the header 17 is fitted outside the left header plate 6, and the header 17 is fitted outside the right header plate 6 via the intermediate header 18. Further, in this example, a bypass valve 14 is fitted to the right end portion of the circular pipe 8 so as to be movable in the axial direction. Then, the bypass valve 14 moves from the solid line state to the chain line state, and the inside of the circular pipe 8 is closed so as to be freely opened and closed. The structure of the bypass valve is not limited to this example.

  In this example, the circular pipe 8 forms a bypass path for the exhaust gas 10. That is, in FIG. 3, when the bypass valve 14 is positioned in a solid line, the circular pipe 8 is closed and the exhaust gas 10 is circulated through each tube 3. When the bypass valve 14 is in the chain line state, the exhaust gas 10 flows through the circular pipe 8 and passes through the tube 3 without flowing.

  Each of the parts assembled in this manner is such that at least one surface that contacts each other is coated with a brazing material, and is brazed in a high-temperature furnace in an assembled state. At this time, the header 17 and the bypass valve 14 on the right side in FIG. 3 are removed. After brazing, the header 17 and the intermediate header 18 are coupled via bolts and nuts (not shown), and the bypass valve 14 is inserted at the right end of the circular pipe 8.

  In this example, the exhaust gas 10 is guided from the left header 17 into each tube 3. Then, the cooling water 11 is led into the shell 1 from one inlet / outlet pipe 15 in FIG. 1 through the water tank portion 12 and moves in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 3, and the other water tank portion 12 of the shell 1 is moved. 1 to the outside through the other inlet / outlet pipe 15 in FIG.

  The exhaust gas 10 flows through each tube 3 and is guided to the outside from the header 17 on the right side. At this time, the bypass valve 14 is in a solid line state. Next, when the exhaust gas 10 is at a low temperature, the bypass valve 14 moves from the solid line position to the chain line position in order to prevent overcooling. Then, the inside of the circular pipe 8 is opened and the tube 3 side is closed. The exhaust gas 10 flows through the circular pipe 8 and is guided to the right header 17 through the opening on the outer periphery of the neck of the bypass valve 14.

(Modification)
Next, FIG. 5 is a main part cross-sectional view and a main part vertical cross-sectional view showing another example of the heat exchanger of the present invention. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. The tube 3 in this example uses a pipe having a circular cross section, and an annular ridge 2a is formed on the outer periphery thereof. A plurality of the ridges 2a are arranged apart from each other in the axial direction. And the core 4 is formed by the aggregate | assembly of such a tube 3, and it is accommodated in the shell 1. FIG. Then, the ridges 2a of the tubes 3 come into contact with each other, and the ridges 2a of the tubes 3 located on the outermost side come into contact with the inner surface of the shell 1. Thereby, each tube 3 is mutually positioned in the cross-sectional direction. Therefore, if the header plate 6 having a tube insertion hole that matches the arrangement state of the tube 3 is fitted on both ends of the shell 1, the main part of the heat exchanger is completed.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows the embodiment of FIG. 5 in which a circular pipe 8 is arranged at the center. In this example as well, a core 4 formed by an assembly of a large number of tubes 3 is accommodated between the circular pipe 8 and the shell 1. Then, the ridges 2a of the tubes 3 are in contact with the inner surface of the shell 1 and the outer surface of the circular pipe 8, and each tube 3 is positioned so as not to move in the cross-sectional direction. Therefore, if the header plate 6 having holes aligned with the tube 3 and the circular pipe 8 is fitted on both ends of the shell 1, the main part of the heat exchanger is completed.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows a structure in which a large number of flat tubes 3 are laminated as the core 4, and a shell 1 having a square cross section is fitted on the outer periphery thereof. In the tube 3 of this example, a large number of convex portions 2 are projected on the outer surfaces of the long diameter side and the short diameter side of the cross section, and the convex portions 2 projecting on the short diameter side form a spacer between the tubes 3. In addition, a spacer between the upper and lower inner surfaces of the shell 1 is also formed. Moreover, when the convex part 2 protrudingly provided on both sides of the long diameter side of the tube 3 comes into contact with the inner surfaces on both sides of the shell 1, each tube 3 is also positioned in that direction. Therefore, if the header plates 6 having the tube insertion holes aligned with the respective tubes 3 are fitted to both ends of the shell 1, the main part of the heat exchanger of the present invention is completed.

  Next, in the example of FIG. 8, the protrusions 7 a are formed in a ring shape as the protrusions 7 on the shell 1. The ridges 7 a are arranged at regular intervals in the center line direction of the shell 1. Moreover, the convex part 2 is protrudingly provided only in the short diameter side in the tube 3, and the convex part 2 does not exist in the upper end surface or lower end surface side in the tube 3 located in the upper and lower ends of the lamination direction of a tube. . Then, the ridges 7 a of the shell 1 come into contact with the planes of the tubes 3 at the upper and lower ends and a part of the outer surface on the long axis side in the cross section of the tubes 3.

  Also in this example, when the core 4 made of a laminated body of many flat tubes 3a is inserted into the shell 1, each tube 3 is positioned so as not to move in the cross-sectional direction. In this state, the header plate 6 can be fitted and held as it is at both ends of the shell 1.

  Next, FIG. 9 shows a case in which a large number of convex portions 7 are projected on the four inner sides of the shell 1. The protrusions 7 are in contact with both ends of the flat tubes 3a in the major axis direction and the outer surfaces of the flat tubes 3a located at the uppermost end and the lowermost end in the tube stacking direction.

  In FIG. 10, in the example of FIG. 9, the convex portion 7 does not exist on the upper surface and the lower surface of the shell 1, and the convex portion 2 of the flat tube 3 a comes into contact with the shell 1. 9 and 10, each flat tube 3 a is positioned so as not to move in the cross-sectional direction by inserting the core 4 made of a laminate of the tubes 3 into the shell 1, and the header plate 6 is positioned at both ends of the shell 1. It can be fitted and held as it is.

It is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. It is the principal part expanded horizontal sectional view, Comprising: The II-II sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the same heat exchanger, and is a cross section taken along line III-III in FIG. The exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger.

The cross-sectional view and principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which show the other example of the heat exchanger of this invention. The cross-sectional view and principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the other heat exchanger. The cross-sectional view and principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the other heat exchanger.

The other cross-sectional view and longitudinal cross-sectional view. The other cross-sectional view and longitudinal cross-sectional view. The other cross-sectional view and longitudinal cross-sectional view.

Explanation of symbols

1 shell
1a bulge 2 convex
2a ridge 3 tube
3a Flat tube 4 Core 5 Tube insertion hole

6 Header plate
6a bulge 7 convex
7a ridge 8 round pipe 9 ridge

10 Exhaust gas
11 Cooling water
12 Water tank
13 Inner fin
14 Bypass valve

15 Entrance / exit pipe
16 Notch
17 Header
18 Intermediate header
19 Center hole

Claims (7)

A cylindrical shell (1) with an axial end open;
A core (4) comprising a plurality of tubes (3) adjacent to each other in parallel with each other having a convex part (2) for spacers on a part of the outer periphery, and the convex part (2) is in contact with each other ,
A plurality of tube insertion holes (5) aligned with the tubes (3) of the core (4), and a header plate (6) having an outer periphery aligned with the opening of the shell (1). ,
The core (4) is inserted into the shell (1), and in this state, the inner periphery of the shell (1) and the outer periphery of the core (4) are connected to the convex portion (2) of the tube (3). Through contact or through the convex portion (7) on the inner periphery of the shell (1), the two are positioned in the transverse direction and cannot move in the transverse direction,
The header plate (6) closes the opening of the shell (1), and the ends of the tubes (3) pass through the tube insertion holes (5), respectively. Shell and tube heat exchanger brazed to each other. In claim 1,
The outer periphery of the core (4) and the inner periphery of the shell (1) are formed in a substantially circular shape, and a circular pipe (8) is installed on the axis of the shell (1), and the circular pipe (8) and the shell (1) The core (4) is interposed between
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which the tube (3) is partially in contact with the convex portion (2) or the annular convex strip (9) on the outer periphery of the circular pipe (8). In claim 2,
The tube (3) has a flat cross section and is curved in an arc shape, and a plurality of dimples are formed on the outer surface as the convex portion (2), and the dimples of adjacent tubes (3) are in contact with each other. The entire cross section is formed in a spiral shape, and the circular pipe (8) is arranged at the center thereof,
On the inner periphery of the shell (1) and the outer periphery of the circular pipe (8), a plurality of annular ridges (7a) (9) are arranged apart from each other in the axial direction, and each ridge (7a) ( 9) A shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which the tubes are in contact at both ends of the cross section of each tube (3). In claim 3,
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used as an EGR (exhaust gas recirculation device) cooler, and the exhaust gas (10) circulates in each tube (3) and the cooling water (11) is contained in the shell (1). The circular pipe (8) is used as a bypass for exhaust gas. In claim 4,
Openings at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the shell (1) bulge outward, and a header plate (6) formed in a cup shape is fitted and fixed to the opening, and water is formed in the bulged portion of the shell (1). A shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which a tank part (12) is formed. In claim 1,
The tube (3) has a circular cross section, and a plurality of annular ridges (2a) are arranged on the outer periphery of the tube (3) as the protrusions (2), spaced apart in the longitudinal direction,
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which the annular ridge (2a) is in contact with the inner surface of the shell (3). In claim 1,
The tube (3) is composed of a flat flat tube (3a), and a plurality of dimples project as the convex portion (2) on the outer periphery thereof, and the flat tube (3a) having the same shape contacts through the dimple. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger in which a core (4) is formed and a shell (1) having a square cross section is fitted on the outer periphery thereof.

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