JP2006297459A - Apparatus for arc welding - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a welding apparatus which can selectively perform one-side submerged arc welding for thick steel plates and one-side gas shield arc welding for thin steel plates. <P>SOLUTION: The welding apparatus comprises a backing plate supporting device 14 for bringing a backing copper plate 21 having a backing flux 5rf distributed thereon onto the back surface of a bevel extending in the y-direction; a y travelling welding carriage 3; a welding head base stand 4 which is supported by a z elevating mechanism 53 and an x driving mechanism 52 provided on the carriage 3 and is driven in the x and z directions; a bevel detecting device supported by the base stand; and a profile control means for controlling the base stand to the required x and z position with respect to the bevel based on the detection of the bevel, wherein the base stand supports a filler agent sprinkling device, a gas shield welding torch holding device 61, a front flux sprinkling nozzle, and a plurality of sub-merged welding torches so as to be arranged in a line in the y-direction; and the carriage 3 is provided with a gas shield welding wire 69, a flux hopper 73, and a sub-merged welding wire 72. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, the backing member, on which the flux is dispersed on the upper surface, is supported on the lower surface of the plate joint groove portion between the steel plates to be welded on one side by driving from below, and the filler material ( For example, the present invention relates to a welding apparatus that sprays a cut wire and covers a groove with a surface flux and performs one-sided submerged arc welding, or instead covers a groove with a shielding gas and performs one-sided gas shielded arc welding. This welding apparatus can be used for, for example, single-sided submerged arc welding of a relatively thick steel plate having a thickness of 10 mm to 35 mm, and can also be used for single-side gas shield arc welding of a relatively thin steel plate having a thickness of 6 mm to 9 mm, for example.

  Conventionally, as a high-efficiency welding method for thick steel plates, a single-sided submerged arc welding method has been actively applied mainly to shipbuilding. Since the backing member of the single-sided submerged arc welding apparatus has a length of several tens of meters, a flux spreading / recovering vehicle is used to automate the flux spreading / recovering operation. After the backing member is lowered to the retracted position by the backing support device, the flux spreading / collecting vehicle runs on the backing member to eliminate residual flux and slag that have undergone the welding process. And new flux is spread | dispersed on the upper surface of a backing member. When spraying is finished, the flux spraying / collecting vehicle moves to the retracted position, and the backing support device drives the backing member upward to press the flux against the joint part of the jointed steel plate panel. Then, plate welding is started. When this welding is finished, the backing support device lowers the backing member to the retracted position. A flux spreading / collecting vehicle runs on the backing member to eliminate residual flux and slag.

JP-A-10-128542 JP 2004-122138 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-254683 JP-A-8-99178 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-337651.

  Patent Document 1 describes a flux spraying / collecting device that travels on a backing copper plate and removes and collects residual flux and slag used for welding from the backing copper plate and spreads a new flux on the upper surface of the copper plate. Patent Document 2 describes a backing copper plate support device that includes a chain conveyor or a screw conveyor that supports a backing copper plate and discharges and conveys flux removed from the backing copper plate by a flux spreading / collecting vehicle. The conveyor is below the backing copper plate and extends in the longitudinal direction of the backing copper plate.

  In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for higher welding efficiency, and a technique has been developed that enables welding at a high speed of 100 cm / min or more using three or more electrodes using a flux as a backing. For example, in Patent Document 3, a direct current is passed through the first electrode to concentrate the arc as a low voltage, and the voltage of the second electrode is increased to form a stable and sound back bead. In Patent Document 4, the width and height of the back bead are limited by high-speed welding by limiting the wire diameter of each electrode, the welding current of the first electrode and the second electrode, the distance between the electrodes, the spreading thickness and bulk density of the backing flux. Has a stable and smooth back bead. Furthermore, Patent Document 5 provides a weld metal free from defects by limiting the wire diameter of each electrode, the welding current of each electrode, the distance between electrodes, the back flux component, the front flux component, and the C amount of the wire with four electrodes. There is a technical disclosure.

  Flux copper-backed multi-electrode single-sided submerged arc welding is a fast and efficient welding method used in many shipyards. To increase the welding efficiency, 4.8mmφ and 6.4mmφ are used for the welding wire. In addition to using a large-diameter wire, a back flux spread about 5 to 6 mm on the backing copper plate from the back surface of the steel plate is pressed to reduce the unevenness of the back bead. However, if the thickness of the spread flux is thin, if the steel sheet is distorted by welding heat, the flux pressing force from the back side will be reduced, or in the worst case, a space will be generated directly under the groove, and the back bead can be formed. Disappear (dripping, dropping off, etc.).

Therefore, in thin plate welding of 6 to 10 mm, steel plate distortion (bending) due to welding heat occurs, and good back bead formation cannot be achieved. Therefore, CO ₂ shielded arc welding is performed in thin plate welding. However, in gas shielded arc welding such as CO ₂ shielded arc welding, the apparatus becomes large and complicated, such as using a solid backing material for forming a back bead.

  The present invention provides a welding apparatus capable of selectively performing, for example, single-sided submerged arc welding of a relatively thick steel plate of, for example, 10 mm to 35 mm and single-sided gas shield arc welding of a relatively thin steel plate of, for example, 6 mm to 9 mm. For the purpose.

(1) A backing support device (14: 21s to 27) that applies a backing material (21) in which a back flux (5rf) is applied to the back surface of a groove extending in the horizontal y direction of the steel to be welded; in the horizontal y direction Welding cart (3) that travels; a welding head base (4) that is supported by the elevating mechanism (53) and the horizontal x drive mechanism (52) equipped in the welding cart (3) and is driven in the vertical z and horizontal x directions ); A groove detector (54, 55) supported by the welding head base (4); and the lifting mechanism (53) based on the groove detection of the groove detector (54, 55); An arc welding apparatus comprising: scanning control means (90) for driving a horizontal x drive mechanism (52) to control the welding head base (4) to a predetermined height and a horizontal x position with respect to a groove;
The welding head base (4) includes a filler spraying device (58, 59), a gas shield arc welding torch holder (61), a surface flux spraying nozzle (70, 75) for submerged arc welding, and a plurality of submergings. Arc welding torches (71, 74, 76) are supported side by side in the horizontal y direction; a gas shielded arc welding torch (60) held by the gas shielded arc welding torch holder (61) on the welding carriage (3). ) For supplying a gas shielded arc welding wire (69), means for supplying flux to the surface flux spray nozzle (70,75) (73), and the submerged arc welding torch (71,74,76). Means for supplying a submerged arc welding wire to each of them (72);

  In addition, in order to make an understanding easy, the code | symbol of the response | compatibility of the Example shown to a drawing and mentioning later or an equivalent element is added for reference for an illustration. The same applies to the following.

  According to this, it is possible to perform submerged welding of relatively thick steel plates using a plurality of submerged arc welding torches (71, 74, 76), as well as gas shielded arc welding torch holders (61). Gas shield arc welding of a relatively thin steel sheet while holding the shield arc welding torch (60) can be alternatively performed, and any back welding can form a good back bead.

  (2) From the head to the welding head base (4) with respect to the welding progress direction (y), the groove detector (54,55), the filler spraying device (58,59), gas shielded arc welding. A torch holder (61), a surface flux spray nozzle (70,75) for submerged arc welding, and a plurality of submerged arc welding torches (71,74,76) are arranged in this order; described in (1) above Arc welding equipment.

  (3) There is a first front flux distribution nozzle (70) immediately before the foremost first submerged arc welding torch (71) among the plurality of submerged arc welding torches (71, 74, 76). The first submerged arc welding torch (71) is followed by a second submerged arc welding torch (74), the second submerged arc welding torch (74) is followed by a second surface flux spray nozzle (75), There is a third submerged arc welding torch (76) after the two front flux spray nozzles (75); the arc welding apparatus as described in (2) above.

  (4) The flux recovery means (77) supported by the welding head base (4) is located at the most downstream position with respect to the welding traveling direction (y); the arc according to (2) or (3) above Welding equipment.

  (5) The apparatus further includes a rocking device (63) supported by the welding head base, which supports the gas shield arc welding torch holder (61) and rocks in the groove width direction x. The arc welding apparatus according to any one of 1) to (4).

  (6) The backing support device (14: 21s to 27) includes an elevating frame (22) for supporting the backing material (21) and a driving means for driving the elevating frame upward; ), A plurality of support arms (24, 25) that extend in the horizontal x direction and project outward from both sides in the x direction in the space in which the elevating frame (22) moves up and down, and each of the support arms A plurality of driving means (26, 27) for driving the upper side of the arc welding device according to any one of (1) to (5).

  (7) A chain conveyor (28) extending in the y direction for collecting the flux dropped from the backing member (21) is installed below the elevating frame (22); the arc welding apparatus according to (6) above .

  (8) The backing support device according to (6) or (7), wherein the driving means (26, 27) is a multistage hydraulic jack.

  Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a partial outline of a large plate welding facility equipped with one embodiment of the present invention. A gate-type carriage 2 is on a rail 1 extending in the horizontal x direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 and can travel on the rail 1 in the horizontal x direction. A welding cart 3 that travels in the horizontal y direction is attached to the beam extending in the horizontal y direction of the portal type cart 2, and the welding head base 4 is supported by the welding cart 3. The base 4 is equipped with a multi-electrode single-sided submerged arc welding apparatus and a single-sided gas shielded arc welding apparatus.

  A large plate 5 in which a plurality of steel plates are connected by tack welding is transported in the horizontal x direction at a height (z position) shown in FIG. In addition, the single-sided welding apparatus 4 is driven in the horizontal y direction (the direction opposite to the arrow y), and is welded between two steel plates connected by tack welding, distributed in the horizontal x direction, of the large plate 5. The part is subjected to submerged arc welding or gas shielded arc welding. At that time, the backing copper plate 21 rises in the upward direction z and is in pressure contact with the joint weld portion on the back surface of the large plate 5 via the flux dispersed on the upper surface thereof.

  On the floor surface (pit bottom surface), a plurality of rails 6 to 9,... Extending in the horizontal x direction are laid for several tens of meters in the horizontal y direction. Is listed. A plurality of backing support devices 12 to 16,... Are assembled to the carriage 11.

  FIG. 2 shows the backing support device 14 in an enlarged manner. The carriage 11 has vertical blocks 42 and 43, and a large plate conveying rollers 44 and 45, and a lower support fixing roller 46 and a lower support lifting / lowering adjustment roller 47 for adjusting the height of the plate joint. The plate joint is located immediately above the backing copper plate 21, and the left steel plate in FIG. 2 is supported by the roller 46 below, while the right steel plate is left by adjusting the lifting and lowering of the roller 47. The same steel plate and height are aligned.

  In the blocks 42 and 43, the elevating frame 22 is guided so as to be movable up and down z. A backing copper plate carriage 23 rides on the upper surface of the lifting frame so as to be movable in the left-right direction x, and the backing copper plate 21 is on the carriage 23.

  The elevating frame 22 has arms 24 and 25 protruding left and right, and these arms 24 and 25 are supported below by two-stage hydraulic jacks 26 and 27. The hydraulic jacks 26 and 27 are supported below by the backing copper plate carriage 11. Below the space in which the elevating frame 22 moves up and down, there is a chain conveyor 28 that is supported by the backing copper plate carriage 11.

  The endless chains 30 and 31 of the chain conveyor 28 are stretched so as to mesh with the sprocket wheel 32 (FIG. 1). It is something that sticks out. The scraping leg of the upper chain 30 is in sliding contact with the groove plate 29 extending in the y direction, and is moved in the y direction so that it is removed from the backing copper plate 21 and falls into the groove plate 29. The flux and slag are conveyed in the y direction, fall on a belt conveyor 48 extending in the x direction shown in FIG. 1, and are carried out in the x direction by the belt conveyor 48.

  Residual flux and slag after welding on the backing copper plate 21 are removed by the flux spreading / collecting vehicle 49 and dropped onto the chain conveyor 28, and at the time of recovery, the new flux is applied to the backing copper plate 21 for the next welding. When spraying, the backing copper plate 21 is placed at the lower retreat position (z position) indicated by a solid line in FIG. The backing copper plate 21 on which a new flux for welding is sprinkled is injected into the two-stage cylinder type hydraulic jacks 26 and 27, and the piston rod is protruded, whereby the position shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. z position). FIG. 3A shows a state in which the backing copper plate 21 in which the new flux has been applied to the plate joint is pressed.

  3rf shown in FIG. 3A is the back flux dispersed on the backing copper plate 21. The upper drive of the backing copper plate 21 by the hydraulic jacks 26 and 27 is stopped when the upper surface of the backing copper plate 21 is at a position about 2 cm below the lower surface of the large plate 5 that is the material to be welded. Next, high-pressure air is supplied to an air hose 21h diverted from a high-pressure water supply hose for fire fighting, and the hose 21h swells into a circular shape, whereby the copper plate support 21s is driven upward, and the backing copper plate 21 is The back flux 5rf, which is driven upward and spread on the backing copper plate 21 to a thickness of about 5 mm, is pressed against the lower surface of the large plate 5. In this state, a plurality of submerged arc welders or one gas shielded arc welder on the welding head base 4 welds the plate joint while running in the y direction. During welding, the cut wire 5cw is fed to the groove of the large plate 5, and at the time of submerged arc welding, as shown in FIG. Inside, the arc of the welding wire Ew melts the cut wire 5cw. In the case of gas shielded arc welding, the surface flux is not scattered, and the molten pool is wrapped with the shielding gas blown from the welding torch. When the welding in the full length in the y direction is finished, the backing copper plate 21 is returned to the lower retracted position (z position) indicated by the solid line in FIG.

  Since the chain conveyor 28 is below the lifting frame 22 and separated from the lifting frame 22 and fixedly supported by the carriage 11, it does not become a load of the hydraulic jack that supports the lifting frame 22 below. Conventionally, the hydraulic jack is placed below the chain conveyor or screw conveyor to drive the lifting frame 22 upward, so that the depth from the lower surface of the large plate (the upper surface position of the backing copper plate during welding) to the lower bottom of the hydraulic jack ( A deep pit in which the backing copper plate carriage 11 is installed is necessary (z distance) is deep (long).

  However, as shown in FIG. 2, the support arms 24 and 25 are projected to the outside of both sides in the x direction of the space in which the elevating frame 22 moves up and down, and these support arms 24 and 25 are connected to the hydraulic jacks 26 of the two-stage cylinder type. 27, the depth (z distance) from the lower surface of the large plate 5 to the lower bottom of the hydraulic jacks 26, 27 is made shallower (shorter), and the required depth of the pit where the backing copper plate carriage 11 is installed Can be shallow. That is, a shallow pit can be equipped with a backing support device and a conveyor for discharging residual flux.

  4 and 5 show a support structure for the welding head base 4. FIG. A vertical frame 50 hangs down from the welding carriage 3, and an elevating frame 51 is supported by the frame 50 so as to be movable up and down in the vertical direction z and is driven up and down in the vertical direction z by a lifting mechanism including a lifting motor 53. The A welding head base 4 is suspended and supported by the elevating frame 51 so as to be horizontally movable in the horizontal direction x (FIG. 5), and a horizontal x driving mechanism 52 including a horizontal driving motor (not shown) on the elevating frame 51 is shown. (FIG. 5) drives in the horizontal direction x, that is, the direction across the groove (width direction of the groove).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the welding head base 4 includes a scanning roller 54 of the groove detector, a horizontal x direction (width direction of the groove) and a vertical z direction (depth direction of the groove) of the scanning roller 54. ) And a groove position sensor 55 that detects a deviation in the x and z positions of the groove, and a position adjustment in the x and z directions so as to support these and make the copying roller 54 the center of the width of the groove. There is a manual adjustment mechanism 56 (setting), and a suspension leg 57 that supports the mechanism 56 is fixed to the welding head base 4. At the time of welding, the scanning controller in the control panel 90 (FIG. 5) sets the welding head base 4 in advance with respect to the groove based on the groove x and z position deviation signals of the groove position sensor 55. The elevating motor 53 of the elevating mechanism and the horizontal drive motor of the horizontal x driving mechanism 52 are driven so that the predetermined heights z and x are obtained.

  A spray nozzle of the cut wire spraying device 58 is located behind the scanning roller 54 in the welding movement direction y of the welding head base 4. The cut wire spraying device 58 is supported by a manual adjustment mechanism 100. A cut wire stored in a cut wire hopper 59 attached to the welding head base 4 is supplied to the cut wire spraying device 58.

  In the usage mode in which the gas shield arc welding is performed, the gas shield arc welding torch 60 is disposed behind the cut wire spray nozzle in the welding movement direction y of the welding head base 4 and attached to the holder 61, and the torch 60 side Is connected to the connector of the main body side cable supported by the welding head base 4. The holder 61 is detachable from the gas shield arc welding torch 60. In a usage mode in which submerged arc welding is performed, the gas shield arc welding torch 60 is detached from the holder 61, and a cable connector (not shown) on the torch 60 side is removed from the connector of the main body side cable supported by the welding head base 4. The welding torch 60 is separated from the welding head base 4. The cable on the torch 60 side and the main body side cable have a shield gas supply hose and a welding wire guide pipe, and the shield gas supply hose in the main body side cable is supplied with a shield gas from a gas cylinder (not shown) on the welding carriage 3. Is done. A gas shield welding wire delivered from a pail pack 69 (FIGS. 4 and 5) on the welding carriage 3 is fed to the welding wire guide pipe in the main body side cable. In the gas shield welding mode, the welding wire that passes through the welding wire guide pipe in the main body side cable, passes through the cable connector, passes through the welding wire guide pipe in the torch side cable, and is fed from the lower end of the torch 60 toward the groove. . The shield gas that has passed through the shield gas supply hose in the torch side cable blows out from the lower end of the torch 60 toward the groove through the shield gas supply hose in the main body side cable.

  The holder 61 is fixed to the lower end of the relay leg 62, and the upper end of the relay leg 62 is fixed to the tip of the swing arm 64 of the swing device 63 in the groove width direction. The swing device 63 is supported by a suspension leg 68, and the suspension leg 68 is fixed to the welding head base 4.

  A first flux distribution nozzle 70 is located at the rear of the gas shield arc welding torch 60 in the welding head moving direction y of the welding head base 4, and a first submerged arc welding torch 71 (L) is located behind it. Thus, the flux spray nozzle 70 is supported by the backbone of the submerged arc welding torch 71. The backbone of the submerged arc welding torch 71 is supported by the welding head base 4. To the submerged arc welding torch 71, a welding wire is delivered from one of three wire coils 72 (FIG. 4) on the welding carriage 3. Flux is supplied to the first flux distribution nozzle 70 from a flux hopper 73 (FIGS. 4 and 5).

  There is a second submerged arc welding torch 74 (T1) at a position behind the first submerged arc welding torch 71 (L) in the welding movement direction y of the welding head base 4, and the backbone is the welding head. It is supported by the base 4. A welding wire is discharged from one of the three wire coils on the welding carriage 3 to the submerged arc welding torch 74. A second flux spray nozzle 75 is located behind the second submerged arc welding torch 74 (T1) in the welding movement direction y of the welding head base 4, and a third submerged arc welding torch is located behind the second flux merging nozzle 75. 76 (T2), and the second flux spraying nozzle 75 is supported by the backbone of the third submerged arc welding torch 76. The backbone of the submerged arc welding torch 76 is supported by the welding head base 4. A welding wire is discharged from one of the three wire coils on the welding carriage 3 to the submerged arc welding torch 76. The flux is supplied from the flux hopper 73 to the flux spraying nozzle 75.

  There is a flux collector (suction nozzle) 77 at a position considerably behind the third submerged arc welding torch 76 (T2) in the moving direction y of the welding head base 4 during welding, and its base is the welding head base. 4 is supported. The flux collector 77 sucks the flux remaining around the groove after welding and returns it to the flux hopper 73 (FIGS. 4 and 5).

  In FIG. 7, the support structure part of the gas shield welding torch 60 is expanded and shown. The swing mechanism that reciprocates the swing arm 64 of the swing device 63 in the groove width direction x is driven by an electric motor 66 via a speed reducer 65. The electric motor 66 rotationally drives the input shaft of the speed reducer 65, the output shaft of the speed reducer 65 rotationally drives the eccentric cam of the swing mechanism 64, and the eccentric cam reciprocates the crank in the x direction. The crank has a swinging width adjusting mechanism that shifts the swinging center (swinging center) to change the swinging width, and the swinging width can be manually adjusted by turning a knob 67 coupled to the mechanism.

  FIG. 8 shows an enlarged cross section taken along line F8-F8 in FIG. FIG. 8A shows a state where the gas shield arc welding torch 60 is attached to the holder 61 as shown in FIGS. The holder 61 is a combination of a pair of pressing arms 81, 82 that can be freely opened and closed by a hinge 83. At the tip of the arms 81 and 82, there is a notch that is a concave shape that is transverse in the y and z planes (the paper surface of FIG. 7), and a screw rod 84 is fitted therein. One end of the screw rod 84 is a pin extending in the x direction and is coupled to the tip of the arm 81 so as to be rotatable around the pin. A female screw knob 86 with a sleeve 87 is screwed onto the male screw on the other end side of the screw rod 84, and the end face of the sleeve of the knob 86 is fixed to the outer surface (x, y) of the arm 82. The arms 81 and 82 hold the torch 60 between them. By rotating the knob 86 in the direction of releasing (releasing) the screw connection with the screw rod 84 and turning the screw rod 84 clockwise as shown in FIG. 8B, the arm 82 is removed from the screw rod 84. The arm 82 can be opened and the gas shield arc welding torch 60 can be removed from the holder 61 as shown in FIG. The gas shield arc welding torch 60 can be separated from the welding head base 4 by removing the torch side connector from the main body side connector of the gas shield arc welding cable.

Next, the usage mode and test welding results of the welding equipment also used for the abmerging arc welding and gas shield arc welding shown in FIGS.
1. Submerged arc welding The gas shielded arc welding torch 60 of the above welding equipment is separated from the welding head base 4 and submerged arc welding is carried out by the above welding equipment, so that the effect of the gap gap and the difference in the thickness of the thin plate on the welding quality. Was examined. The test materials are shown in Tables 1 to 5.

  As shown in (b) to (c) of FIG. 9, the steel plate to be welded having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 has a width of 500 mm, a length of 1500 mm, and a groove angle of 40 °. Since it was a mistake, a backing material was pasted on the rear surface of the groove of the tacked portion and tack welded. As a result, the back bead penetrating the back surface of the steel plate was ground with a grinder, and the groove back surface was smoothed. FIG. 9A shows a tack welding location.

  The welding conditions were as shown in Table 6 and Table 7 below. Welding No. on Table 7 1 and 4 are examples in which the back side groove gap is zero. Welding No. 2 is an example in which the back side groove gap is 3 mm. Welding No. 3 is an example in which the back side groove gap is 5 mm. Welding No. As shown in FIG. 9 (c), No. 4 is combined with a plate thickness of 9 mm, and a reverse groove with a difference of 3 mm in the back side groove gap 0.

FIG. 10 shows a groove section sectional shape (macro section) and a bead appearance (plane) obtained by submerged arc welding under the welding conditions shown in Table 7. The upper part of the macro section field in FIG. 10 is the cross section of the stationary part, and the lower part is the cross section of the temporary attachment part. The upper row of the bead appearance column is the front bead, and the lower row is the back bead. As is clear from FIG. 10, good welding results were obtained even when the back side groove gap was 0 to 5 mm and the difference was 3 mm. In the case of plate thicknesses of 10 mm and 35 mm separately performed, the back side groove gap was 0 to 5 mm, and good results were obtained as in the case of the plate thickness of 16 mm.
2. Gas shield arc welding The gas shield arc welding torch 60 of the above welding equipment is mounted on the welding head base 4, and the thin plate is welded on one side by single side gas shield arc welding with a flux copper backing, and the gap gap for the welding quality. And the effect of misunderstanding was examined. Tables 8 to 10 show the welding materials. The back flux is the same as that shown in Table 4.

  A steel plate having a thickness of 6 mm shown in Table 10 (width 250 mm, length 750 mm) was 40 ° V-type groove year shown in FIG. 13, and the back groove width was 0 to 5 mm. Table 11 shows the welding conditions. Carbon dioxide gas (30 liter / min) was used as the shielding gas during welding. The results are also shown in Table 11.

12 and 13 show the groove section sectional shape (macro section) and the bead appearance (plane) obtained by CO ₂ shielded arc welding under the welding conditions shown in Table 11.

In the case of gas shield single-sided welding with a plate thickness of 6 mm in a V-shaped groove having a groove angle of 40 °, a cut wire is dispersed in the groove, and the flux steels in Table 11 are combined with a 1.4 mmφ welding wire and a backing flux. As a result of the backing CO ₂ single-sided welding, good welding of a thin plate was obtained in a back side groove gap of 0 to 5 mm. However, if the misalignment is 3 mm, the surplus height on the upper plate side of the front bead becomes minute, the adhesion of the back flux is slow, and the back bead shape is slightly inferior.

  Similarly, good results were obtained in the welding results with a plate thickness of 9 mm separately performed.

  As described above, a multi-electrode submerged arc welding apparatus and a one-electrode gas shielded arc welding apparatus using a flux copper backing are suspended on one carriage 3, and on the carriage 3, wires necessary for submerged arc welding, a table A flux, a thin diameter (1.0 mmφ to 2.4 mmφ) wire pail pack necessary for gas shielded arc welding, and a common filler (cut wire or iron powder) spraying device for both weldings are mounted simultaneously. The backing support device and the back flux spraying carriage are also used for both weldings, and the thick plate is submerged arc welded, and the thin plate is gas shielded arc welded. In both weldings, the groove is a V groove, and a filler is sprayed into the groove. Torch and other arrangements of the head portion from the head side, groove detector (54: FIG. 6) -cut wire spraying device 58-gas shield arc welding torch 60-first front flux spraying nozzle 70 for submerged arc welding- First submerged arc welding torch 71 -second submerged arc welding torch 74 -second front flux spray nozzle 75 for submerged arc welding -third submerged arc welding torch 76 -fourth submerged arc if necessary The welding torch-surface flux collector 77 is preferable. Although it is possible to place the gas shielded arc welding torch 60 behind the submerged arc welding torch, the gas shielded arc welding wire has a small diameter and the bead is small. It is considered that the shield arc welding torch 60 is advantageously arranged close to the groove detector (54).

It is a block diagram which shows the one part outline | summary of the large plate welding equipment which is the arc welding apparatus of one Example of this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the backing support device 14 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the backing copper plate support structure portion shown in FIG. 2, (a) shows a state immediately after the back flux 5rf is sprayed on the backing copper plate 21, and (b) shows the back flux 5rf on the large plate 5; The state of the submerged arc welding press-contacted to the back surface of is shown. It is an enlarged front view of the welding head base 4 suspended from the welding carriage 3 shown in FIG. It is an enlarged side view which shows the outline | summary of the support structure of the welding head base 4 suspended by the welding cart 3 shown in FIG. It is an enlarged front view which expands and shows further the welding head base 4 of FIG. It is an enlarged front view which expands and shows the gas shield arc welding torch 60 and the rocking device 63 shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line F8-F8 in FIG. 7, where (a) shows the state shown in FIG. 7 where the gas shield arc welding torch 60 is held by the holder 61, and (b) is removed from the holder 61 Therefore, a state in which the screw tightening of the knob 86 to the screw rod 84 is loosened is shown, and (c) shows a state in which the arm 82 is opened and the torch 60 is removed from the holder 61. (A) is a top view which shows the tack welding position before welding of the test material which carries out submerged arc welding using the large plate welding equipment shown in FIG. 1, (b)-(c) is a test material. It is a right view which shows a groove shape. It is a table | surface which shows the photographic image of the front-and-back surface bead and a welded part (groove part) cross section of the test material which carried out the submerged welding. It is a right view which shows the groove | channel of the test material which carries out a gas shield arc welding using the large plate welding equipment shown in FIG. Of CO ₂ shielded arc welding were tested material, the front and back surfaces beads and weld (groove portion) is a table showing a photograph of the cross section. Of CO ₂ shielded arc welding were tested material, the front and back surfaces beads and weld (groove portion) is a table showing a photograph of the cross section.

Explanation of symbols

1: Rail 2: Portal type truck 3: Welding carriage 4: Welding head base 5: Large plate 5rf: Back flux 5ff: Front flux 5cw: Cut wire Ew: Submerged arc welding wires 6-9: Rail 11: Backing copper plate Dolly 12-16: Backing support device 21: Backing copper plate 21s: Copper plate support 21h: Air hose 22: Lifting frame 23: Backing copper plate carriage 24, 25: Arm 26, 27: Two-stage cylinder type hydraulic jack 28: Chain conveyor 29: Groove plate 30, 31: Endless chain 32: Sprocket wheel 41: Wheel 42, 43: Vertical block 44, 45: Large plate conveying roller 46: Fixed roller 47: Lift adjustment roller 48: Belt conveyor 49: Flux distribution / Recovery vehicle 50: vertical frame 51: lifting frame 52: horizontal x drive mechanism 53: lifting motor 5 : Copying roller 55 of groove detector 55: groove position sensor 56: manual adjustment mechanism 57 for position in x and z directions: suspension leg 58: cut wire spraying device 59: cut wire hopper 60: gas shield arc welding torch 61: holding Tool 62: Relay leg 63: Oscillating device 64: Oscillating arm 65: Reducer 66: Electric motor 67: Pick 68: Hanging leg 69: Pail pack 70: First flux spray nozzle 71: First submerged arc Welding torch (L)
72: Wire coil 73: Flux hopper 74: Second submerged arc welding torch (T1)
75: Second flux spray nozzle 76: Third submerged arc welding torch (T2)
77: Flux collectors 81, 82: Arm 83: Hinge 84: Screw rod 85: Pin 86: Pick 87: Sleeve 90: Control panel 100: Manual adjustment mechanism

Claims (5)

A backing support device that applies a backing material in which a back flux is dispersed to the back surface of the groove extending in the horizontal y direction of the steel material to be welded; a welding carriage that travels in the horizontal y direction; a lifting mechanism equipped in the welding carriage and a horizontal x A welding head base supported by a drive mechanism and driven in the vertical z and horizontal x directions; a groove detector supported by the welding head base; and based on the groove detection of the groove detector In an arc welding apparatus comprising: a scanning control means for driving an elevating mechanism and a horizontal x drive mechanism to control the welding head base to a predetermined height and a horizontal x position with respect to a groove.
The welding head base supports a filler spraying device, a gas shield arc welding torch holder, a surface flux spraying nozzle for submerged arc welding, and a plurality of submerged arc welding torches arranged side by side in the horizontal y direction; A means for supplying a gas shielded arc welding wire to a gas shielded arc welding torch held by the gas shielded arc welding torch holder, a means for supplying flux to the surface flux spray nozzle, and a submerged arc welding torch. Means for supplying a submerged arc welding wire to each; an arc welding apparatus characterized by:   From the head in the welding head direction, the groove detector, the filler spraying device, the gas shield arc welding torch holder, the surface flux spraying nozzle for submerged arc welding, and a plurality of submerged The arc welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the arc welding torches are arranged in this order.   A first front flux diffusing nozzle is provided immediately before the foremost first submerged arc welding torch among the plurality of submerged arc welding torches, and a second submerged arc welding torch is provided after the first submerged arc welding torch. 3. The arc welding apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the second submerged arc welding torch is provided with a second front flux distribution nozzle, and the second front flux distribution nozzle is provided with a third submerged arc welding torch.   The arc welding apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the flux recovery means supported by the welding head base is located at the most downstream position with respect to the welding traveling direction y. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a rocking device supported by the welding head base that supports the gas shield arc welding torch holder and rocks and drives in a groove width direction x. The arc welding apparatus described.

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