JP2006291706A - Permeable block, its manufacturing method, and permeable pavement - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent paved surfaces from reaching high temperatures in summer and from being dried in winter. <P>SOLUTION: The permeable block 1 of this invention is constituted in such a way that a storage container 3 for storing rainwater is buried in a permeable body 2 made of a permeable material. The permeable material forming the permeable body 2 may be an inorganic material such as cement, a polymer-based material, or any material if water can infiltrate into the material. More specifically, the permeable material forming the permeable body 2 may be an asphalt-based material or a concrete-based material which is, for example, made porous by raising the ratio of a coarse aggregate. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water permeable block such as a block or tile mainly used for a pedestrian road or a city road, a method for manufacturing the same, and a water permeable pavement employed for these roads.

  The permeable pavement was originally developed as a measure to cultivate roadside trees by promoting the penetration of rainwater and air communication by using highly permeable materials instead of highly watertight asphalt. Since then, it has been adopted as a measure to reduce the burden on sewers and prevent the flooding of urban rivers. Recently, in addition to these purposes, sidewalk amenities, functionality of exercise facilities, ecosystem conservation of parks, etc. Is used in a wide range of applications.

  There are a wide variety of materials and construction methods for permeable pavement, but they are generally divided into methods of placing permeable asphalt mixture and concrete in the field and methods of laying permeable tiles and blocks on the site. The surface layer is made of a highly permeable material, and rainwater that has been poured infiltrates into the basement.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-085907 JP 63-027603 A

  However, in the conventional water-permeable pavement, due to its functional characteristics, rainwater that has been poured in quickly penetrates into the ground, and there is a problem that almost no moisture is retained in the vicinity of the pavement surface.

  That is, when the ground surface is exposed or vegetation is present, a certain amount of moisture is retained near the ground surface by the function of the soil and plants, and in the summer, such moisture takes the heat of the ground surface when it evaporates. As well as lowering the ground surface temperature by this, in the winter season, it plays a role of supplying constant moisture to the dry atmosphere, but if the ground surface is covered with water permeable pavement, moisture is not retained near the ground surface, In the summer, the high temperature of the pavement caused the heat island phenomenon, and in the winter, it contributed to the drying of the city.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a water permeable block capable of preventing a high temperature of a pavement surface in summer and drying in winter, a manufacturing method thereof, and a water permeable pavement. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the water permeable block of the present invention is a water permeable block in which rainwater is stored inside a water permeable body made of a water permeable material.

  Moreover, the water permeable block of this invention is filled with granular materials, such as gravel which can support an overload in the said storage container.

  Moreover, the water-permeable block of this invention forms a hollow part in the said storage container.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the water-permeable block which concerns on this invention forms the water-permeable body which has a recessed part with a water-permeable material, and fits the storage container which stores rainwater in this recessed part.

  Moreover, the water-permeable pavement of the present invention is the water-permeable pavement in which the surface layer of the cross-section of the pavement is formed of a water permeable body, and the water permeable pavement is provided with a predetermined gap in a storage container for storing rainwater. It is embedded in the body.

  Moreover, the water-permeable pavement of this invention is filled with granular materials, such as gravel which can support an overload in the said storage container.

Moreover, the water-permeable pavement of this invention forms a hollow part in the said storage container.

  In the water permeable block of the present invention, rainwater that has poured onto the upper surface of the block penetrates into the block and is then stored in a storage container installed inside. Then, after the rain has stopped, the water in the container takes away the surrounding heat to become water vapor, and is diffused from the upper surface of the block to the atmosphere while passing upward through the block.

  Therefore, it is possible to prevent the heat island phenomenon in summer and the drying of the city in winter.

  In arranging the water permeable blocks of the present invention, they may be used in combination with a normal water permeable block, or only the water permeable blocks of the present invention may be used. In the former case, rainwater overflowing from the storage container penetrates into the ground through a normal water-permeable block, so that rainwater does not collect on the pavement surface. Moreover, the water retention function of rainwater can be adjusted by changing the arrangement and number ratio of the water-permeable blocks of the present invention and the normal water-permeable blocks.

  As for the water permeable material, any material can be used as long as it can permeate water, whether it is an inorganic material such as cement or a polymer material. Specifically, for example, an asphalt material or a concrete material made porous by increasing the ratio of coarse aggregate can be used.

  The shape, dimensions, material, structure, etc. of the storage container may be any specification as long as rainwater can be stored inside, for example, a box made of plastic or the like may be used, or inside a concrete box You may use what gave the waterproof process.

  The inside of the storage container may be in a state where the water-permeable material is also filled in the inside of the storage container, but when filled with granular materials such as gravel capable of supporting an overload, It will be stored in the gap, and the water storage capacity will increase as compared with the case where it is stored in the gap of the water-permeable material. Moreover, when a hollow part is formed in a storage container, the storage capacity of rainwater further increases.

  For manufacturing the water-permeable block according to the present invention, a method is conceivable in which a mold is assembled around the storage container, and a water-permeable solidifying material is poured into the mold to integrate the two.

  The water-permeable solidifying material means a material that becomes a water-permeable material in a solidified state. Further, when a permeable body having a recess is formed of a water permeable material and a storage container for storing rainwater is fitted in the recess, the water permeable solidifying material enters the storage container to reduce the water storage capacity. No fear.

  In the water-permeable pavement of the present invention, rainwater that has poured onto the surface of the water-permeable body penetrates the water-permeable body and then partially penetrates into the ground as it is, but the rest is the interior. Is stored in a storage container embedded in Then, after the rain has stopped, the water in the container takes away the surrounding heat to become water vapor, and is diffused from the surface to the atmosphere while passing upward through the permeable body.

  Therefore, it is possible to prevent the heat island phenomenon in summer and the drying of the city in winter.

  In addition, since the water that overflowed beyond the side wall of the storage container penetrates into the ground through the water-permeable material that spreads in the gap between the adjacent storage containers, there is no concern that rainwater will accumulate on the pavement surface.

  Here, in the case where the storage container is filled with granular materials such as gravel capable of supporting an overload, the amount of rainwater stored in the storage container can be increased.

  In addition, when the hollow portion is formed in the storage container, there is an effect that the amount of rainwater stored in the storage container can be greatly increased.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a water permeable block, a manufacturing method thereof, and a water permeable pavement according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1A is an overall perspective view of a water permeable block according to the present embodiment, and FIG. As can be seen in the figure, the water permeable block 1 of the present embodiment is configured by embedding a storage container 3 for storing rainwater in a water permeable body 2 formed of a water permeable material.

  The water-permeable material forming the water-permeable body 2 may be any material, such as an inorganic material such as cement or a polymer material, as long as the material can permeate water. Specifically, for example, a porous asphalt material or a concrete material may be used by increasing the ratio of coarse aggregate.

  The shape, size, material, structure, and the like of the storage container 3 may be any specification as long as rainwater can be stored therein. For example, a box formed of plastic or the like can be used. However, the side wall of the storage container 3 is retracted inward from the side surface of the water permeable block 1, as a result, as a result, as a result, a water permeable material is formed around the side wall of the storage container 3 as a result. Is configured to be surrounded.

  In order to manufacture the water permeable block 1 according to the present embodiment, a mold (not shown) may be assembled around the storage container 3, and a water permeable solidifying material may be poured into the mold to integrate them.

  FIG. 2 shows a state in which the water permeable block 1 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to constitute a surface layer of a pavement cross section. As a configuration of the pavement cross section, for example, a roadbed made of crusher run may be provided on the roadbed and a surface layer may be formed thereon.

  In the water permeable block 1 of the present embodiment, rainwater that has poured onto the upper surface of the block penetrates through the water permeable body 2 of the block and then enters the storage container 3 embedded therein, as shown in FIG. Stored. Then, after the inside of the container is filled with water, it flows out beyond the side wall of the storage container 3, but the overflow water passes through a water-permeable material spreading around the side wall of the container as shown by the arrow in the figure. Since it penetrates into the ground, there is no worry of rainwater collecting on the pavement surface.

  After the rain has stopped, the water in the storage container 3 takes away the surrounding heat and becomes water vapor as shown in FIG. 2B, and diffuses from the upper surface of the block to the atmosphere while passing through the permeable body 2 upward. .

  In arranging the water permeable blocks 1 of the present embodiment, only the water permeable blocks 1 of the present embodiment may be used, but the water permeable blocks 1 of the present embodiment may be used together with a normal water permeable block having no storage function. For example, the water retention function of rainwater can be adjusted by changing the arrangement and number ratio.

  As explained above, according to the water permeable block 1 of this embodiment, since the storage container 3 which stores rainwater was embedded in the water permeable body 2 comprised with the water permeable material, it poured on the block upper surface. A part of rainwater can be stored in the container.

  Therefore, as in the case where soil and plants exist, a certain amount of water is held near the ground surface, and in the summer, the water stored in the storage container 3 takes the heat of the ground surface when it evaporates. The ground surface temperature can be lowered and the heat island phenomenon can be prevented. In addition, if it is used on the pavement surface of a walking space such as a pedestrian deck or an open space, it is possible to improve the amenity on the sidewalk, and if it is used on the rooftop, the air conditioning load of the building can be reduced. Furthermore, in winter, it plays a role in supplying a certain amount of moisture to the dry atmosphere, and helps to prevent the city from drying out.

  Further, since the side wall of the storage container 3 is retreated inward from the side surface of the water permeable body 2 formed of a water permeable material, the water that overflows beyond the side wall of the storage container 3 spreads around the container side wall. Since it penetrates into the ground through the sexual material, there is no need to worry about rainwater collecting on the pavement surface.

  In the present embodiment, the storage container is formed of, for example, a plastic box. Instead, as shown in FIG. 3A, a waterproof treatment 11 using a waterproof sheet, a waterproof coating, or the like is provided on the inner surface of the concrete box 12. You may use what gave.

  Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the water permeable material is filled in the storage container 3 has been described. However, instead of filling with the water permeable material, as shown in FIG. A granular material 13 such as gravel may be filled. According to such a configuration, rainwater is stored in the gaps between the granular bodies 13, and the water storage capacity can be increased as compared with the case where the rainwater is stored in the gaps of the water permeable material 2.

  A further modification for increasing the amount of stored water is shown in FIG. The water permeable block 21 according to the present modified example has the storage container 3 installed in a water permeable body 23 formed of a water permeable material, similar to the water permeable block 1. A hollow portion 22 is formed.

  In such a configuration, since the capacity of the storage container 3 is the amount of water stored, it is possible to store much more rainwater than when the container is filled with a water-permeable material or granular material, It is possible to constitute a water-permeable block excellent in the above.

  As a method of manufacturing the water permeable block 21, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), first, the mold 31 is arranged around the container with the opening of the storage container 3 facing downward, and then the same. As shown in FIG. (B), a water-permeable solidifying material may be poured into the mold and solidified to form a water-permeable body 23. According to this configuration, the water-permeable solidifying material can be left as a hollow portion without entering the storage container 3.

  As another manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 6A, the permeable body 23 having the recess 41 and the storage container 3 are separately formed, and then the storage container 3 is placed in the recess 41 of the permeable body 23. It may be fitted and filled with an adhesive if necessary. According to this configuration, there is no possibility that the water-permeable solidifying material enters the storage container 3 and the capacity thereof is reduced.

  If the strength of the water permeable block 21 is insufficient by making the inside of the storage container 3 hollow, the storage container 3 itself is provided by providing a partition wall 42 in the storage container 3 as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the permeable body 23 is supported at multiple points.

  In the present embodiment, the side wall of the storage container 3 is retracted inward from the side surface of the block. Instead, as shown in FIG. 7 (a), a storage container 51 equal to the block length is used. And it is good also as the water-permeable block 52 which made the side wall of this container the same as the block side surface.

  When the water permeable blocks 52 are laid out, they are used in combination with a normal water permeable block 53 having no water retention function as shown in FIG.

  In such a configuration, the rainwater overflowing from the storage container 51 penetrates into the ground through the normal water-permeable block 53, so that rainwater does not accumulate on the pavement surface. In addition, the water retention function of rainwater can be adjusted by changing the arrangement of the water-permeable blocks 52 and the normal water-permeable blocks 53 and the ratio of the numbers.

  Further, in this embodiment, the surface layer of the pavement cross section is configured by laying water permeable blocks side by side, but as shown in FIG. 8 in place of the block form, the storage container 3 is provided with a predetermined gap. The permeable pavement 63 may be configured by laying and arranging on the roadbed 62 and pouring a water permeable solid material thereon to form the permeable body 61.

  In such a configuration, the storage container 3 is embedded in the permeable body 61, and has substantially the same effect as the above-described embodiment described with reference to FIG.

  In the water-permeable pavement 63, as in the case of the water-permeable block, it is possible to increase the amount of water stored in the container by filling the storage container 3 with the granular material 13 ((b) in the figure) By setting the inside of the storage container 3 as the hollow portion 22, the amount of stored water can be further increased ((c) in the figure). In the case of FIG. 2C, the opening of the container is preferably closed in advance with a water permeable sheet (not shown) such as a cloth so that the water permeable solid material does not flow into the storage container 3. .

It is the figure which showed the water-permeable block which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a whole perspective view, (b) is a vertical sectional view. It is the figure which showed the effect | action of the water permeable block which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is a vertical sectional view which each showed the state after rain, (b) showed the state after rain. It is a vertical sectional view showing a water permeable block according to a modified example, (a) is an example in which a storage container is configured by waterproofing the inner surface of a concrete box, (b) is a granular material in the storage container The figure which showed each example filled. It is the figure which showed the water-permeable block which concerns on another modification, (a) is a whole perspective view, (b) is a vertical sectional view. It is the figure which showed the method of manufacturing the water-permeable block shown in FIG. 4, (a) is a mode that the type | mold has been arrange | positioned around the storage container, (b) is a mode that the water-permeable solidification material was poured into this type | mold. The vertical sectional view which each showed. It is the figure which showed another manufacturing method of the water-permeable block shown in FIG. 4, (a) is a mode that the storage container is inserted in the recessed part of a water-permeable body, (b) is a modification of this storage container, respectively. The figure shown. It is the figure which showed the water-permeable block which concerns on another modification, (a) is a vertical sectional view, (b) is the perspective view which showed the arrangement | positioning condition. FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a water-permeable pavement, wherein (a) shows a water-permeable pavement according to the present embodiment, and (b) and (c) show a water-permeable pavement according to a modification.

Explanation of symbols

1, 21, 52 Water-permeable block 2, 23, 61 Water-permeable body 3, 51 Storage container 13 Granule 22 Hollow part 31 Mold 41 Recess 63 Water-permeable pavement

Claims (7)

A water permeable block characterized by installing a storage container for storing rainwater inside a water permeable body formed of a water permeable material. The water-permeable block according to claim 1, wherein the storage container is filled with granular materials such as gravel capable of supporting an overload. The water-permeable block according to claim 1, wherein a hollow portion is formed in the storage container. A method for producing a water-permeable block, comprising forming a water-permeable body having a concave portion with a water-permeable material and fitting a storage container for storing rainwater in the concave portion. In the water-permeable pavement where the surface layer of the pavement cross section is composed of a permeable body,
A water-permeable pavement characterized in that a storage container for storing rainwater is embedded in the water-permeable body with a predetermined gap. The water-permeable pavement according to claim 5, wherein the storage container is filled with granular materials such as gravel capable of supporting an overload. The water-permeable pavement according to claim 5, wherein a hollow portion is formed in the storage container.

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