JP2005240409A - Block of roadbed material and water retentive road - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To constitute a water retentive roadbed in a manner of using blocks manufactured at a lower cost, supply water to the roadbed without wastes by pavers having the good permeation of water to the roadbed and create a road environment for suppressing a heat island phenomenon by stored water in the roadbed. <P>SOLUTION: Crushed stones 9 constituting the roadbed are compacted and then cement mortar 8 is relatively thickly applied thereon, and before the cement mortar 8 is cured, blocks 7 of the roadbed material with many through holes are laid and lower parts of the blocks of the roadbed material are sealed, so that the water retentive roadbed having many cylindrical holes 10 to generate puddles is formed. A plastic nonwoven fabric 6 with a number of holes is laid on the water retentive roadbed and one of the nonwoven fabrics in a strip shape is hung in a cylindrical hole 10 under the nonwoven fabric and the other of the nonwoven fabrics in a strip shape is laid under the nonwoven fabric 6 laid on the water retentive roadbed. The pavers 1 provided with a plurality of grooves 5 at a back surface and having engagement structures are laid on the nonwoven fabric. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to the construction of a comfortable water-retaining road with a heat island countermeasure, with a structure that gives water retention to a general sidewalk and a roadbed laid on a roadway.

  The heat island phenomenon is caused by urbanization of artificial ground cover, that is, increase in buildings and asphalt pavement surfaces, etc., and waste heat generated by energy consumption, that is, building air conditioning, driving of automobiles, exhaust heat from factories, etc. This is a thermal air pollution caused by the change in the heat balance of the ground surface due to the increase, and it is a phenomenon that the temperature in the city center becomes island-like compared to the suburbs, but the data of AMeDAS from 1980 to 2000 Using the data, the change in the number of hours exceeding 30 ° C from July to September is about doubled in Tokyo and Nagoya, and tripled in Sendai.

  Also, in urban areas, the road area accounts for less than 20%, so the rain that falls at a corner is not sufficiently permeable, and most of it is drained into the sewage at once, along with the rainwater on the roof of the building. However, it also causes river flooding during heavy rains, resulting in significant damage.

  Recently, water-permeable asphalt and paver have begun to be used, but the roadbed underneath has poor water holding capacity, and the performance of water-permeability itself is largely reduced in a short period of time, solving the heat island phenomenon To be far away.

Also, a water-retaining pay bar has recently been put on the market and has been evaluated as such. However, if the water retaining capacity of a 6 cm thick pay bar is 10%, the water retaining amount is only 6 liters / m ² . However, there is data that it is effective for about 1 to 2 days to lower the temperature of 5 hours at the peak of summer by 10 degrees.

  [Patent Document 1], as a means of mitigating thermal pollution of the atmosphere described in [Patent Document 1], impervious containers are wetted with water, stable against water, and cause capillary action when filled in the container. There is a countermeasure against a heat island that is filled with an object having a void to be disposed and arranged on the site or buried under the ground surface.

  However, in order to construct a strong ground with such a water-impermeable container, a container made of plastics with considerable strength is required, and the cost is greatly increased, and the container is filled. We are trying to increase the strength with an object having a gap so that the plastic container is weak, but an object having a gap and having a strength becomes an aggregate with high cost.

  [Patent Document 2] has a water-retaining pavement structure that can keep the pavement surface moist without supplying water from the outside for a long period of time. In addition, there is a description that a plastic container-shaped block is placed and water is stored therein, and water is also stored around the block, and a hard resin water storage block is used.

  In order to maintain strength as a roadbed, plastic container-shaped blocks need to be strong with a certain thickness, so the cost will be considerably increased, and water storage made of hard resin and highly fired When it comes to blocks, it becomes more expensive. In addition, moisture is evaporated from the pavement surface into the air by capillarity with non-woven fabric, but it is said to have a certain effect.

  [Patent Document 3] discloses a water-permeable pavement block main body formed in a predetermined vertical and horizontal thickness dimension, a container-type water retention tank having an upper surface opening provided on the lower surface of the pavement block main body, and a pavement block. There is a configuration in which a water-retaining pavement block provided with a nonwoven fabric that is integrated with the lower surface of the main body and is suspended in the water-retaining tank is spread.

  However, even if a paved road surface is constructed by forming such a plastic container under an object having a vertical and horizontal dimensions of 300 mm square and a thickness of 60 mm, the pay bar is not an interlocking structure. There is a problem with the strength of the plastic container used as the roadbed. Even if a large amount of reinforcement is added so as to have strength, the cost is high and it is not practical.

  [Patent Document 4] discloses a water-impervious sheet laid on the roadbed, a water storage layer made of crushed stone with a large porosity, which is sprinkled on the water-impervious sheet, and that in the crushed stone water storage tank. A water-absorbing sheet made of non-woven fabric laid so as to wave in a longitudinal section over the entire surface, a horizontal water-absorbing sheet laminated on the water-absorbing sheet, a sand layer, and a water-permeable pavement material having a water-absorbing function a.

However, there is a sand layer under the pavement surface of a piver that has a normal water absorption function, and there is a non-woven fabric. A thick crushed stone layer is formed under it, and water is contained in the crushed stone and sand. In such a roadbed with a load, when a load is applied to the pavement, the roadbed becomes rattled, and then the paver on the pavement becomes uneven and becomes extremely dangerous.
JP2002-155502 JP 2003-268712 A JP-A-8-85907 JP 2000-45206 A

  The problem to be solved is that streets, sidewalks of condominiums, and roadways are the most environmentally friendly places, but the road surface is often asphalt pavement, and the color of the pavement surface is black. For this reason, the surface temperature of the asphalt becomes an extremely high temperature of 60 ° C. in summer. As a result, the number of people who suffer from heat stroke is increasing year by year, and when they are in the room, most people wear a cooler and the temperature rises, creating the urban heat island phenomenon.

  Recently, water-permeable asphalt and paver have begun to be used, but the water retention capacity is poor on the roadbed below, and the performance of the water-permeability itself is largely reduced. Most of the water has been drained into sewage. Therefore, the heat island phenomenon has not been solved.

  Then, it seems that there is an effect to suppress the heat island phenomenon from 1st to 2nd after the rain, but the summer sunny weather is as long as 10 days. When it continues, the heat island phenomenon cannot be solved very much. Therefore, there is a demand for a device that can be easily constructed using inexpensive members, is maintenance-free and eliminates the heat island phenomenon for a long period of time.

  The present invention consists of a block that can be easily manufactured with the same molding machine as a concrete block that has been commercially available for a long time, and the shape and dimensions of a paver. We decided to procure Paybar. Therefore, the transportation cost, which is a drawback of concrete products, can be greatly reduced.

  The shape and size of the cylindrical hole 10 of the roadbed material block 7 is designed to ensure the maximum water pool while ensuring the strength of the roadbed, and to be easy to carry during construction and increase the efficiency of construction. did.

  The size of one side per roadbed material block 7 having a cylindrical hole 10 is 5 centimeters to 100 centimeters and the thickness is 5 centimeters to 50 centimeters. One side is smaller than 5 centimeters It is difficult to provide strength to construct the roadbed, and it is not useful, and if it is larger than 100 centimeters, it is necessary to perform machine construction at the time of construction because it is heavy, so it should be adopted only when constructing a large area become. In the case of manual construction, the maximum weight per piece is usually 20 kg.

  If the thickness is 5 centimeters to 50 centimeters, if it is 5 centimeters or less, the cement mortar 8 rises from 1 centimeter to 2 centimeters below the hole through which the roadbed material block 7 penetrates. Since the water pool is reduced, the meaning of the present invention is lost.

  Moreover, when the thickness is deeper than 50 centimeters, it is not practical to construct a water retention roadbed by such a construction method, and even from the required water retention amount, it will not be more than this. .

  In the case of a shape close to a circle, the small area per hole of the roadbed material block 7 having a large number of cylindrical holes 10 is preferably about 2 square centimeters to 200 square centimeters. In the case of this shape, various fore-edge areas may be taken.

  In the case of a shape close to a circle, if it is smaller than 2 square centimeters, it will not function as a container for storing water. Uneven force is applied to the cylindrical hole 10 from the pavement surface, the upper paybar 1 is cracked, and the lower roadbed material block 7 is also cracked, which is not preferable.

  After rolling the crushed stone 9 constituting the roadbed, the cement mortar 8 is applied relatively thickly, and the roadbed material block 7 having a large number of penetrated holes is laid in the softness where the cement mortar 8 does not harden. The lower part of the roadbed material block 7 is sealed with cement mortar 8 so that a water-retaining road roadbed that becomes a large number of cylindrical holes 10 capable of pooling water can be formed.

  The hole in the roadbed material block is penetrated by thickly applying cement mortar 8 and laying the roadbed material block 7 in the softness where the cement mortar 8 does not harden, so that the cement mortar entering the through hole is hardened. Thus, the hard roadbed of cement mortar and the roadbed material block 7 are integrated to form a thick and strong roadbed as a whole.

  The plastic non-woven fabric 6 having innumerable holes 14 is laid on the water-retaining roadbed of (0025), but before that, the strip-shaped non-woven fabric 15 is formed with a number of cylindrical holes in the roadbed material block 7. 10, and the other is extended under the nonwoven fabric 6 and is sandwiched between the roadbed material block 7 and the nonwoven fabric 6. Lay on it.

  While moving the water brought from the paver to the upper surface of the non-woven fabric 6 in the horizontal direction, the water-retaining road is also utilized through the streaky grooves 5 on the back of the paver using the water permeability of the non-woven fabric 6 and the numerous holes 14. Flowing water drops into the cylindrical hole 10 of the roadbed to create a puddle.

The non-woven fabric 6 laid in (0026) has a meshing structure, and a paver 1 having excellent water permeability, water retention or drainage is laid thereon. In the construction of a typical paybar, it is to prevent the paybars from sticking and chipping when the pavement surface is forced by putting joint sand between the paybars,
In the pay bar of the present invention, without using joint sand as a trap for running water, the mesh structure is half-shifted during construction as shown in FIG. .

  Accordingly, the paybars are intertwined as a whole, and the pavement surface receives the force as a whole, so that the paybar is less likely to be lost and the strength of the roadbed can be reduced. For pedestrian roads, a paybar of 6 to 8 centimeters can be used, and for a roadway, it can be 8 to 15 centimeters thick depending on the standard of the road. Is used.

  In this way, the paybar 1 having a mesh structure has a uniform thickness because the molding method is different from that of the conventional paybar and the same method is used to mold a commercially available block. To be produced. Therefore, even if it engages and constructs, there is no unevenness in the paved surface and the damage of the paved surface is greatly reduced.

  In the case of the drainage paybar 1, the groove 13 is provided on the surface to improve the flow of water on the surface of the paybar, and further, the rain water flows in from this portion by taking a large joint or butt joint. However, it is not sufficient for the non-woven fabric 6 to flow in the horizontal direction and flow into the cylindrical hole 10, and it is not sufficient to make the groove 5 also on the back side of the paver so that the water can flow quickly and reliably in the horizontal direction. Is possible. Instead of the groove 5 formed on the back side, a roughed state or a streak-like object may be used to achieve the same effect.

  After laying the crushed stone, which is a method that can be easily constructed using a combination of conventional techniques, the mortar is pressed by a rammer, and cement mortar 8 is laid on the top to a thickness of 3 to 10 cm. By continuously laying a roadbed material block 7 having a hole penetrated into a soft cement mortar 8 that does not harden, a pool of many cylindrical holes 10 is formed.

By constructing in this way, the water resistance of the cement mortar can be utilized, so the water in the puddle does not easily escape, and the cement mortar that has entered the through hole is hardened. Therefore, the hard roadbed of the cement mortar and the roadbed material block 7 Are integrated into a thick and strong roadbed. This is an important point of the present invention.
As an application example, the lower part of the hole of the roadbed material block may be closed from the beginning, but it is not ideal.

  As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to construct a road roadbed that has a water retention function and is effective for heat island countermeasures at a low price, or can be constructed simply and surely at low cost through various trials and errors. It became an ideal roadbed structure for heat island countermeasures.

  The protrusion 3 and the fitting groove 2 for fitting adjacent paybars 1 to each other are constructed by shifting the paybar main body in half so that the entire surface becomes a smooth surface, so that the road surface is always smooth. Even if the roadbed loosens due to frequent rain, the pavement surface does not become rattling and can maintain a smooth road for an extremely long time.

  In ordinary paybar construction, sand is laid on the roadbed, and paybar is laid on the roadbed, but as a production method of paybar, it is press-molded with the surface to be the pavement face up. The unevenness of the thickness, which is large and uneven after construction, is adjusted with a sand roadbed.

  However, in the present invention, the amount of water flowing is large, and even if an attempt is made to reduce the movement of the sand by laying a nonwoven fabric on the top and bottom of the sand, the sand will be washed away once a heavy rain occurs. In the present invention, the use of a pavers with an interlocking structure eliminates unevenness that becomes uneven after construction, and it is not necessary to use sand because the load received on the pavement surface is also received as a surface, therefore, both joints and roadbeds, It was set as the structure which does not use sand.

  Moreover, by forming eight relatively deep grooves 13 such as a width of 7 millimeters and a depth of 7 millimeters on the surface of the paver and making it a paver with high drainage performance to the roadbed, rainwater is allowed to flow in the side grooves as much as possible. Since the water is allowed to flow through the roadbed, the performance of the water retention roadbed of the present invention can be maximized.

  Since the cylindrical water pool that holds water is made of concrete, the entire roadbed material block 7 absorbs water appropriately by capillarity and rises about 8 centimeters. As the temperature rises, the water in the pool is evaporated. It is easy and the innumerable holes 14 formed in the non-woven fabric 6 promote the evaporation of water.

  Needless to say, concrete has been proven to have excellent durability in the long history of concrete, and its strength is also excellent in cost performance.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, according to the present invention, a large number of cylindrical water pools are constructed by continuously laying a roadbed material block 7 having a large number of cylindrical holes 10. The hole size is 20 centimeters in length, 28 centimeters in width, 20 centimeters in height, and a hexagonal honeycomb-shaped hole 10 in which the size of one side of the hex is 3 centimeters. Twelve are provided. In the case of a round hole, it is preferable to provide a total of 12 holes with a diameter of 5 centimeters.

The holes of these roadbed material blocks 7 need to be tapered in production, and a water storage amount of about 70 liters / m ² can be secured. The amount of water transpiration required to eliminate the heat island is 6 liters / m ² , so there is a number that is almost satisfactory based on the weather data that the clearest summer day lasted for 12 days. It is. However, 70 liters / m ² of water is stored before the clear sky continues.

  This block requires 17.5 blocks per square meter, and the weight per block is 12 kilograms.

  As for the shape of this block, as shown in Fig. 3, 11 and 12, when both sides of the block are made concave and convex, the engagement is improved and the construction is easy, and the load from the top However, it will resist strongly, and the roadbed can be firmly constructed.

  FIG. 4 shows that the cylindrical hole 10 of the roadbed material block 7 made of concrete is blocked by the cement mortar 8 at the lower part to form a water pool. At this time, the thickness of cement mortar is about 50 mm.

  On the thus constructed water-retaining roadbed material block 1, a plastic non-woven fabric 6 having one hole of 10 millimeters and numerous holes is laid, and the water flowing from the paver is horizontally directed. While flowing, the countless holes 14 of the nonwoven fabric are also used to flow into the numerous holes 10 formed in the roadbed material block 7.

  On the roadbed thus constructed, a 20 cm square paybar is laid with a thickness of 8 centimeters for sidewalks and 10 centimeters for roadways. In the upper part of the paver, eight 7 mm square drainage grooves are formed.

  Also, there are five grooves 5 having a depth of 2 millimeters and a width of 20 millimeters at the lower part of the paver, and the effect of causing water flowing in from the upper part to flow in the lateral direction of the nonwoven fabric 6 through the grooves. Then, it goes around the back side of the pay bar and flows into the cylindrical hole 10 directly below the pay bar, so that water is stored in the cylindrical hole 10 formed in the entire water retaining roadbed material block 7. .

  In the present invention, since sand is not used in the construction of the pay bar, it is easy to cut a part of the nonwoven fabric 6 to be used or to make holes so that the flowing water can easily enter a large number of holes. By inserting the end of the cut in the nonwoven fabric into the hole, the water in the hole can be sucked up by capillary action to make it easier to evaporate. The same effect is obtained by being suspended in a large number of cylindrical holes 10 of the material block 7 and extending the other side under the nonwoven fabric 6 and sandwiching it between the roadbed material block 1 and the nonwoven fabric 6. Become.

It is a construction block diagram of this invention water retention roadbed and its roadbed material block. It is a perspective view of the pay bar used for the present invention. It is a perspective view of a roadbed material block used for the water retention roadbed of the present invention. It is sectional drawing after construction of a water pool hole.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Paver 2 Paver side recessed part 3 Paver side convex part 4 Joint 5 Pave lower groove 6 Nonwoven fabric 7 Water retention block 8 Cement mortar 9 Crushing stone 10 Cylindrical hole 11 Engagement recess of roadbed material block 12 Engagement convexity of roadbed material block Part 13 Groove at the top of Paybar 14 Hole in non-woven fabric

Claims (4)

A roadbed material block having a large number of holes penetrated vertically, the length of one side of the block being 5 centimeters to 100 centimeters and the thickness being 5 centimeters to 50 centimeters Lumber block. (Claim 1) After laying the crushed stone constituting the roadbed, laying the cement mortar relatively thickly, laying it within the cement mortar does not harden, and the lower part of the roadbed material block with cement mortar A water-retaining road roadbed characterized in that the road roadbed is composed of roadbed material blocks that are sealed and have a large number of cylinders capable of pooling water. A plastic non-woven fabric with innumerable holes is laid on the water-retaining road roadbed constructed in (Claim 2), and a pay bar having a meshing structure and a plurality of grooves on the back side is laid thereon. The structure of a water retention road according to claim 2, characterized in that (Claim 3) Under the non-woven fabric of the water-retaining road roadbed constructed in (Claim 3), one of the strip-shaped nonwoven fabric is suspended in a number of cylindrical holes in the roadbed material block, and the other is innumerable with the roadbed material block. The water-retaining road structure according to claim 3, wherein the water-retaining road structure is sandwiched between a non-woven fabric having holes.

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