JP2006290699A - Explosive composition and gas generating agent using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an explosive composition improved in combustion performance, fast in combustion speed, and low in pressure exponent, and a gas generating agent using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The explosive composition of the invention is characterised by containing a magnesium-copper alloy as a fuel component in the explosive composition having an oxidizing agent and a fuel component as main components, and the gas generating agent is formed by using this explosive composition. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an explosive composition with improved combustion performance and a gas generating agent using the same.

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for explosive compositions having a high gasification rate, excellent combustion performance, and excellent economic efficiency, and research and development have been conducted in various fields.
As the combustion performance, for example, an explosive composition having a high combustion rate and a low pressure index is used as a solid propellant for a rocket, and a gas generator for protecting an automobile occupant such as an air bag or a seat belt pretensioner. Envy.
Here, the pressure index is based on Vieille's law shown in the following equation, and is represented by α in the following equation. Therefore, if the value of α is large, the combustion speed is greatly changed by a slight change in pressure, so it is desirable that the value of α be small.
r = βP ^α
Here, r represents the combustion rate, P represents the pressure, and β represents a constant.

On the other hand, in the field of gas generators for protecting automobile occupants and solid propellants for rocket fuel, among many oxidizers, for example, when ammonium perchlorate is used as the oxidizer, ammonium nitrate is used. Although the combustion rate is faster than explosives, in that case, a large amount of hydrogen chloride is generated in the generated gas, which is disadvantageous as a gas generating agent for passenger protection. In contrast, ammonium nitrate does not generate carbon monoxide or combustion residues due to complete combustion, and is expected to be used as an explosive composition and a gas generating agent. Yes.
However, since this ammonium nitrate has a relatively slow combustion rate and the pressure dependency of the combustion rate is high, it has been difficult to use it for these applications as it is. For example, if the pressure is high, a pressure-resistant device is required, which makes it impossible to reduce the size and weight of the device.

  Therefore, in order to improve the combustion performance, it has been proposed to add various metals and metal oxides to the composition, and it is known to add, for example, copper or copper oxide. However, when these fuels (or combustion catalysts, combustion accelerators) are used, there is a problem that the pressure index is lowered but the combustion speed is greatly reduced.

Further, a linear gas generating agent is proposed which is made of a metal such as copper, aluminum, magnesium, or an alloy thereof, and has a fibrous material having a diameter of 1 mm or less and a strand of 0.1 μm or more (for example, a patent). Reference 1).
However, this fibrous material is difficult from the viewpoint of the uniformity of the gas generant composition and has a problem that the moldability is lowered. Furthermore, this Patent Document 1 only describes an example manufactured using a copper wire as a specific example, and is stable under a low pressure as described for the purpose of the present invention. The effect of demonstrating that it is burned is not shown, and the alloy used was not described in any specific example.

As a solid rocket propellant composition, a chlorine-free rocket propellant with improved thermal stability using inorganic nitrate-based salts as an oxidant component and magnesium / aluminum alloy as a fuel component has also been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).
However, even when this magnesium / aluminum alloy (magnarium) is used, when the oxidizing agent is a chlorine-free type, there are problems that the combustion rate at low pressure is slow and the pressure index is high. Further, in Patent Document 2, it is pointed out that regarding magnesium, “the use of magnesium powder has a safety problem because of its high ignition sensitivity to electrostatic energy”.

JP-A-5-221770 (2nd page) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-270963 (page 3)

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the problems existing in the above-described prior art. The purpose is to provide an explosive composition having a high combustion rate and a reduced pressure index by using a specific alloy as a fuel component, and another object is to use the explosive composition. It is to provide a gas generating agent having excellent combustion performance.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an explosive composition comprising a magnesium copper alloy as a fuel component in an explosive composition comprising an oxidant and a fuel component as main components. It is a suggestion of things.

  In the explosive composition of the second invention in the present invention, in the first invention, the oxidizing agent is ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and transition metal nitrate, chlorate or perchlorate. It is a feature.

  The explosive composition of the third invention in the present invention is characterized in that, in the second invention, the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate.

  The explosive composition of the fourth invention in the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to third inventions, the magnesium copper alloy has a size (usually a particle size) of 0.1 to 500 μm. To do.

  The explosive composition of the fifth invention in the present invention is characterized in that, in the first to fourth inventions, the content of the magnesium copper alloy is 0.5 to 55% by mass.

  The sixth invention in the present invention proposes a gas generating agent using the explosive composition shown in any one of the first to fifth inventions.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be exhibited.
The explosive composition of the first invention of the present invention improves the burning rate of the explosive composition by containing a magnesium copper alloy as a fuel component in the explosive composition mainly composed of an oxidant and a fuel component. In addition, the pressure index can be lowered, and as a result, it can be applied to various uses such as solid propellant, solid propellant, gas generating agent, pyrotechnic composition, for example, solid propellant for rockets, air bags, etc. It can also be suitably used as a gas generator for protecting automobile occupants. Further, unlike the prior art, since magnesium powder is not used, it is safe against static electricity.

  In the explosive composition of the second invention of the present invention, the oxidizing power is enhanced by the fact that the oxidizing agent is ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and transition metal nitrate, chlorate, or perchlorate. In addition to the above-described effects, it is excellent in flammability at low pressure and the combustion speed can be further improved.

  In the explosive composition of the third invention of the present invention, since the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate, in addition to the above effects, ammonium nitrate does not produce a combustion residue, so the amount of gas generated per unit weight of the explosive composition is increased. be able to. Therefore, in various uses, the apparatus which accommodates an explosive composition can be reduced in size and weight.

  The explosive composition according to the fourth aspect of the present invention has a magnesium copper alloy having a size (usually a particle size) of 0.1 to 500 μm, so that the dispersibility in the explosive composition is good and the moldability is good. Can be improved.

  In the explosive composition of the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the content of the magnesium copper alloy is 0.5 to 55% by mass, in addition to the above effects, a decrease in the amount of generated gas can be suppressed.

  Since the gas generating agent of the sixth invention of the present invention uses the explosive composition of any one of the first to fifth inventions, the gas generating agent is one of the first to fifth of the invention. The effect of one invention can be exhibited. Moreover, the gas which does not contain harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide and a nitrogen oxide, is obtained by selecting an oxidizing agent appropriately.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The explosive composition of the present invention is characterized in that in the explosive composition mainly composed of an oxidizer and a fuel component, a magnesium copper alloy is contained as a fuel component. Magnesium copper alloy, which is a characteristic component in the present invention, promotes combustion when an explosive composition is burned, and at the same time, enhances combustion performance at low pressure and reduces pressure dependency of combustion speed. Eggplant. Therefore, in the present invention, the magnesium copper alloy not only functions as a fuel, but also functions as a combustion catalyst and a combustion accelerator.

  Even if a copper powder, a magnesium powder, or a mixed powder of a copper powder and a magnesium powder is used in place of the magnesium-copper alloy, the same effect cannot be obtained and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. Furthermore, handling of magnesium alone powder has a safety problem because of its high ignition sensitivity to electrostatic energy.

  In the magnesium-copper alloy used in the present invention, the proportion of magnesium in the alloy is preferably 20 to 70% on a weight basis, and therefore the proportion of copper in the alloy is preferably 30 to 80%. More preferably, the proportion of magnesium is 25 to 55% and the proportion of copper is 45 to 75%. If the proportion of magnesium is more than 70% and the proportion of copper is less than 30%, the sensitivity tends to increase. Conversely, if the proportion of magnesium is less than 20% and the proportion of copper is more than 80%, the burning rate tends to be slow. is there.

  In addition, as a magnesium copper alloy used for this invention, other metal components, such as iron, nickel, zinc, and aluminum other than magnesium and a copper component, may be contained in 10 mass% or less.

  The shape of the magnesium copper alloy is preferably spherical or granular or powdery from the viewpoint of the uniformity of the explosive composition, formability, etc., and the uniformity as the explosive composition is improved as the particle diameter is smaller, By increasing the contact area with other components, it is possible to improve the combustion performance (combustion speed and pressure index) and the combustibility at low pressure. However, if the particle size is too small, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of handleability during production. Moreover, it is difficult to disperse | distribute uniformly in a fiber form, and a moldability also falls. From the above viewpoint, the magnesium copper alloy has a dimension of about 0.1 to 500 μm, preferably 1 to 300 μm, and the shape of the magnesium copper alloy is preferably spherical, granular or powdery.

  As this magnesium copper alloy, for example, a commercial product manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd. is obtained, ground using a known means such as a mortar, and passed through a predetermined sieve to adjust the size (particle size). You may make it use what was done.

  When the proportion of the magnesium copper alloy in the explosive composition is too large, the amount of generated gas decreases, and when it is too small, the combustion rate and the combustibility at low pressure, which are the effects of the present invention, tend to decrease. The pressure index also tends to increase. Therefore, the content of the magnesium copper alloy in the explosive composition is preferably 20 to 55% by mass, more preferably 25 to 50% by mass in a two-component system composed only of an oxidizing agent and a magnesium copper alloy. When adding 1 or more types of 3rd components other than an oxidizing agent and a magnesium copper alloy, content of a magnesium copper alloy becomes like this. Preferably it is 0.5-55 mass%, More preferably, it is 1-50 mass%.

Next, the oxidizing agent which comprises the other main component of an explosive composition is demonstrated.
As the oxidizing agent used in the present invention, any conventionally known oxidizing agent can be used, but a known oxidizing agent used for a solid propellant, a gas generating agent for protecting an automobile occupant, or the like is preferably used.

  More suitable oxidizing agents include, for example, ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal nitrate, or chlorate, or perchlorate. These oxidizing agents may be used alone or in combination. May be used. In addition, the combustion rate can be adjusted by using a combination of the same oxidizing agents having different particle sizes.

  Specific nitrates include, for example, ammonium nitrate, phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, iron nitrate, copper nitrate, basic copper nitrate, cobalt nitrate, and nickel nitrate. Can be mentioned.

  Specific examples of the chlorate include potassium chlorate, sodium chlorate, barium chlorate, calcium chlorate, and ammonium chlorate.

  Specific examples of perchlorate include ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, and calcium perchlorate.

  When perchlorate is used, hydrogen chloride is generated during combustion, so that a chlorine scavenger such as sodium nitrate is required in some cases. That is, in order to suppress generation of hydrogen chloride, the nitrate and perchlorate may be used in combination.

  In particular, as the oxidizing agent used in the present invention, it is preferable to use the above ammonium nitrate or phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate from the viewpoint of the amount of gas generated (gasification rate). Here, the phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate refers to ammonium nitrate that has been subjected to phase stabilization treatment by a known method, for example, a method of adding a potassium salt or the like to ammonium nitrate in order to suppress volume change due to phase transition of ammonium nitrate.

  The proportion of the oxidizing agent in the explosive composition is preferably 40 to 90% by mass. If the ratio of the oxidizer is less than 40% by mass, the oxygen balance is greatly negative, so that incomplete combustion is likely to occur, and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide may be generated. In addition, when the ratio of the oxidizing agent exceeds 90% by mass, the oxygen balance is greatly increased, and thus harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides may be generated. A stoichiometric amount such that the oxidant and the fuel component are completely combusted, that is, a ratio where the oxygen balance is close to 0 is desirable.

The explosive composition of the present invention includes (a) guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, in addition to the oxidant and fuel component (magnesium copper alloy), depending on applications and required performance, in order to obtain predetermined performance. Energetic substances such as hexamethylenetetramine, triaminoguanidine nitrate, aminotetrazole, (b) polymer binders (binders) such as terminal hydroxyl group polybutadiene, polyester-based or polyether-based polymers, cellulose acetate, carboxymethylcellulose or salts thereof ), (C) other fuels such as powdered microcrystalline carbon, (d) molding aids such as calcium stearate, (e) stabilizers such as diphenylurea derivatives, diphenylamine derivatives, diphenylurethane derivatives, (f) Burning rate regulators such as lithium fluoride, (g) tolylene diisocyanate, Curing agent such as sophorone diisocyanate, (h) Coolant such as magnesium hydroxide, (i) Coloring agent such as strontium carbonate, (j) Combustion catalyst such as iron oxide, (k) Dibutyl phthalate, Acetyl tributyl citrate One or more known explosive compositions such as a plasticizer such as (l) a slag forming agent such as silica and alumina, and (m) a flame retardant such as potassium sulfate may be added.
The amount of these components to be added can be appropriately determined in consideration of required performance, oxygen balance, and the like, but is usually 60% by mass or less.

Next, the manufacturing method of the explosive composition of this invention is demonstrated.
In the explosive composition of the present invention, the raw material solid component is adjusted to a predetermined particle diameter by a known means, and then the respective components are mixed uniformly, and this mixture is applied to a method for producing explosives such as press molding, extrusion molding, and casting. Any known method may be used.
The shape of the molded body is also appropriately selected according to the application, for example, for a gas generating agent, it is a non-porous columnar shape, a perforated columnar shape, a perforated hexagonal shape, a perforated irregular shape, a pellet shape, etc. It can be appropriately selected according to the required performance.

  As described above, the explosive composition of the present invention is preferable as a solid propellant, a solid propellant, a gas generating agent, and a pyrotechnic composition because of its high burning rate, excellent flammability at low pressure and low pressure index. Is. In particular, when ammonium nitrate (or phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate) is used as an oxidizing agent, it can be suitably used for a gas generating agent because its gasification rate is high, that is, the amount of generated gas is large.

  Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples. In addition,% display in an example shows the mass%.

[Example 1]
Add 32.0% magnesium copper alloy (magnesium 43.4%: copper 56.6% alloy) 32.0% as a fuel component to ammonium nitrate 68.0% as an oxidizer, and mix them sufficiently uniformly. The mixture was passed through a 150 μm sieve. 3 g of the obtained mixture was pressed with a press to prepare a columnar strand sample to be an explosive composition. The side surface was coated with a combustion inhibitor so that the burning of the strand sample proceeded perpendicularly to the end surface.
The combustion test mentioned later was done using this sample.
As a result, the combustion speeds at pressures of 19.6 MPa, 7 MPa, and 1 MPa were 15.0 mm / sec, 10.8 mm / sec, and 4.4 mm / sec, respectively. Moreover, the pressure index was a small value of 0.31. The combustion chamber pressure-burning rate curve at this time is shown in FIG. In addition, the slope of this curve was determined and used as the pressure index.

The ammonium nitrate used in the explosive composition of Example 1 was obtained by pulverizing powdered ammonium nitrate manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. to an average particle size of 20 μm with a pulverizer and passing through a 150 μm mesh sieve before use. used. Further, as the magnesium copper alloy, a commercial product with a particle size of about 425 μm manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd. was ground with a mortar and passed through a 150 μm mesh sieve.
Each blending ratio was determined so that the oxygen balance was 0 except for Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 7 described later.

《Combustion test》
The combustion rate was measured using a chimney strand combustor. That is, the strand sample was set in a nitrogen atmosphere at a predetermined pressure (19.6 MPa and 7 MPa, in some cases 1 MPa), one end thereof was heated and ignited with a nichrome wire, and the linear burning rate was calculated by a fuse cutting method.

[Example 2]
78.4% of the same ammonium nitrate as in Example 1 as the oxidizing agent, 10% of the magnesium copper alloy as in Example 1 as the fuel component, and 11.6% of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC.Na) as the fuel component. 1 was processed to prepare a strand sample.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
As a result, the burning rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 10.5 mm / sec and 5.9 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was 0.54, which was a small value.

Example 3
Ammonium perchlorate 70.0% (average particle size 10 μm) as oxidant, magnesium copper alloy 10% as in Example 1 as the fuel component, and CMC · Na 20.0% in accordance with Example 1 Processed to produce a strand sample.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
As a result, the combustion speeds at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 33.8 mm / sec and 20.8 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was 0.46, which was a small value.

Example 4
The component types were the same as in Example 2, and were treated according to Example 1 using 80.8% ammonium nitrate, 5.0% magnesium copper alloy, and 14.2% CMC.Na. Produced.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
As a result, the combustion speeds at pressures of 19.6 MPa, 7 MPa, and 1 MPa were high at 9.2 mm / sec, 4.7 mm / sec, and 0.8 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was 0.64, which was a small value.

Example 5
The component types are the same as in Example 2, and the same treatment as in Example 1 was performed using 81.6% ammonium nitrate, 3.0% magnesium copper alloy, and 15.4% CMC.Na. Produced.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
As a result, the combustion rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 8.1 mm / sec and 3.9 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was 0.69, which was a small value.

[Comparative Example 1]
The same ammonium nitrate 83.0% as in Example 1 was used as the oxidizing agent, but the fuel component was processed according to Example 1 using only CMC · Na 17.0% to prepare a strand sample.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
The burning rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 10.4 mm / sec and 4.1 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was as high as 0.90. Moreover, although it ignited at the pressure of 1 MPa, it disappeared in the middle of combustion (disappearance). The combustion chamber pressure-burning rate curve at this time is shown in FIG.

[Comparative Example 2]
A strand sample was prepared by using 85.0% of the same ammonium nitrate as in Example 1 and 15.0% of copper powder (average particle size 45 μm) as the fuel component in accordance with Example 1 above.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
The combustion rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were slow at 6.6 mm / sec and 3.5 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was 0.62.

[Comparative Example 3]
Example 1 using 90% ammonium nitrate as the oxidizer and 10.0% Devarda alloy (alloy of copper 50%, aluminum 45% and zinc 5%, average particle size 100 μm) as the fuel component. It processed according to it and produced the strand sample.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
However, at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa, both disappeared during combustion. Therefore, since the combustion time cannot be obtained, the combustion speed and the pressure index cannot be obtained.

[Comparative Example 4]
The same ammonium nitrate 80.0% as in Example 1 as an oxidant, copper zinc alloy 5.0% (nano powder) as a fuel component, and further CMC · Na 15.0% were used in accordance with Example 1, A strand sample was prepared.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
The burning rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 8.7 mm / sec and 3.6 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was a high value of 0.83.

[Comparative Example 5]
As the oxidizing agent, 74.2% ammonium perchlorate used in Example 3 was used, but the fuel component was processed according to Example 1 using only CMC · Na 25.8% to prepare a strand sample. did.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
As a result, the burning rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 17.6 mm / sec and 8.1 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was a high value of 0.75.

[Comparative Example 6]
Example 1 using 76.2% ammonium perchlorate used in Example 3 as an oxidant, 10.0% magnalium (magnesium-aluminum alloy) as a fuel component, and 13.8% CMC.Na. It processed according to it and produced the strand sample.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
As a result, the combustion rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 21.5 mm / sec and 11.5 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was 0.59.

[Comparative Example 7]
Using the same ammonium nitrate 78.4% as in Example 1 as the oxidizing agent, 10.0% of magnalium as the fuel component, and further 11.6% of CMC · Na, treatment was performed according to Example 1 to prepare a strand sample.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
The combustion rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were 9.0 mm / sec and 4.1 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was a high value of 0.75.

[Comparative Example 8]
The same sample as in Example 1, 73.0% as the oxidizing agent, aluminum as the fuel component, 15% (average particle size 45 μm), and CMC · Na, 12.0% were used in accordance with Example 1, and the strand sample. Was made.
Using this sample, a combustion test was performed in accordance with Example 1.
The combustion rates at pressures of 19.6 MPa and 7 MPa were slow at 5.7 mm / sec and 2.7 mm / sec, respectively. The pressure index was a high value of 0.84.

  The results of the above compositions and combustion performance tests are summarized, and Examples 1, 2, 4, 5 and Comparative Examples 1-4, 7, and 8 using ammonium nitrate as an oxidizing agent are shown in Table 1, and perchlorine as an oxidizing agent. Table 3 shows Example 3 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 using ammonium acid.

〔result〕

As can be seen from Table 1, the explosive composition of Example 1 using magnesium copper alloy as the fuel component does not contain magnesium copper alloy and uses only carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC · Na) as the fuel. It was confirmed that the composition was excellent in combustion at a low pressure, the combustion rate was high, and the pressure index was low, compared with the composition (Comparative Example 1). Also, a composition using copper powder instead of magnesium copper alloy as a fuel component (Comparative Example 2), a composition using a copper / aluminum / zinc alloy (Debalda alloy) (Comparative Example 3), a copper / zinc alloy It is clear that the combustion rate is faster and the pressure index is lower than the composition using Comparative Example 4 (Comparative Example 4), the composition using Magnarium (Comparative Example 7), and the composition using Aluminum (Comparative Example 8). Met.
It was clear that the explosive composition of Example 2 using magnesium copper alloy and CMC · Na as fuel components also had a higher combustion rate and a lower pressure index than the comparative examples.
Also, the explosive composition of Example 4 having the same component type and a reduced proportion of magnesium copper alloy has a higher burning rate than that using the same amount of copper-zinc alloy as a fuel component (Comparative Example 4). It was clear that the pressure index was low.
Furthermore, it was confirmed that the explosive composition of Example 5 in which the ratio was reduced can also obtain a stable combustion performance and a low pressure index.

As is clear from Table 2, the explosive composition of Example 3 using magnesium copper alloy as the fuel component uses only CMC · Na as the fuel, even when the oxidant is ammonium perchlorate. It was confirmed that the combustion rate was faster and the pressure index was lower than the composition (Comparative Example 5) and the composition using CMC · Na and magnalium (Comparative Example 6).
Although the explosive composition of this Example 3 uses only ammonium perchlorate as an oxidizing agent and contains a large amount of hydrogen chloride in the generated gas, it is disadvantageous as a gas generating agent for passenger protection. Compared to the examples, the burning rate is clearly faster, and it can be applied to propellants that require a high burning rate.

Example 6
As a result of the combustion calculation in the composition of Example 4, the combustion temperature was 2260 K, the amount of gas generated per gram was 0.038 mol, carbon monoxide was 0 ppm, and nitrogen oxide was 10 ppm.

[Comparative Example 9]
Combustion calculation of a composition containing 90% ammonium nitrate (AN) and 10% potassium perchlorate (KClO ₄ ), 70% phase-stabilized ammonium nitrate and 30% nitroguanidine as a known gas generant composition for airbags Went.
The combustion temperature was 2151 K, the amount of gas generated per gram was 0.040 mol, carbon monoxide was 0 ppm, and nitrogen oxides were 10 ppm.

  From a comparison between Example 6 and Comparative Example 9, the composition of Example 6 (Example 4), which is the explosive composition of the present invention, compared to the composition of Comparative Example 9, which is a known gas generating agent, Since the generated gas is clean, the amount of gas, and the combustion temperature are not inferior, it is also suitable as a gas generating agent.

As is clear from the above results, the explosive composition of the present invention is characterized by a high combustion rate, excellent flammability at low pressure, and a low pressure index.
In addition, the explosive composition of the present invention is suitable as a gas generating agent because the cleanliness of generated gas, the amount of generated gas, and the combustion temperature are not inferior to those of known gas generating agents.

  It can be used as an explosive composition having a high gasification rate, excellent combustion performance, and excellent economic efficiency, and can be applied to applications such as gas generators for protecting automobile occupants such as airbags and seat belt pretensioners.

It is a graph which shows the combustion chamber pressure-combustion speed curve of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 in an Example.

Claims (6)

  An explosive composition comprising an oxidant and a fuel component as main components, wherein the explosive composition contains a magnesium copper alloy as a fuel component.   The explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, transition metal nitrate, chlorate, or perchlorate.   The explosive composition according to claim 2, wherein the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate.   The explosive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnesium copper alloy has a size of 0.1 to 500 µm.   The explosive composition as described in any one of Claims 1-4 whose content of a magnesium copper alloy is 0.5-55 mass%.   A gas generating agent comprising the explosive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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