JP2006283467A - Damping structural material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively provide a damping structural material for exhibiting damping performance with a simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: This damping structural material has a structural material 1 for constituting a main structure and a damping material 2 composed of a material having a yield point lower than the structural material 1; and is characterized in that the damping material 2 is fixed from the surface side of the structural material 1 in the longitudinal direction of the structural material 1 so as to be deformed together with the structural material 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a damping structure material having damping suitable for use in a structure on which an external force such as an earthquake or wind acts.

In general, steel structures, especially structures that are susceptible to repeated external forces such as earthquakes and winds, are strongly required to have seismic performance as well as strength requirements to withstand these external forces.
As a seismic countermeasure for a structure, a method of installing a seismic isolation device between the foundation of the structure and the ground, a method of installing a seismic control device on the top of the structure, and the like are generally performed. In addition, a method of using a vibration damping member in which a structural member itself of the structure has a vibration damping function is known.
FIG. 12 shows such a vibration damping member (see Patent Document 1).
FIG. 2A shows a main structure 30 made of high-strength steel with a plate-like substructure 31 made of mild steel. FIG. 2B shows a structure in which a plurality of spherical sub-structure portions 33 made of mild steel are provided in a main structure portion 32 also made of high-tensile steel. FIGS. 3C and 3D show one in which one or a plurality of spherical substructure portions 35 and 37 made of mild steel are embedded in columnar main structure portions 34 and 36 made of high-strength steel. It is.
Such a vibration damping member exhibits a response as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 13 shows the stress-strain history characteristics of the vibration damping member when an external force is repeatedly applied. The substructure portion having a yield point lower than the main structure portion first yields at the point a, Draw an elasto-plastic response diagram through points b, c, d and e repeatedly. At this time, the vibration damping member absorbs vibration energy and attenuates the vibration of the structure. The attenuation effect increases as the area in the response diagram increases.

Japanese Patent No. 3225445

  However, the conventional vibration damping member as described above requires special processing work of embedding the substructure (damping material) in the main structure (structural material), and the general-purpose member cannot be used as it is. Becomes expensive, and the member manufacturing period becomes long. Moreover, since it is difficult to use different materials such as steel and aluminum, there is a problem that the combination of materials used is restricted.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the damping structure material which exhibits damping performance with a simple structure at low cost.

In order to solve the above problem, the damping structure material of the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the damping structural material according to the present invention is a damping structural material comprising a structural material constituting a main structure and a damping material made of a material having a lower yield point than the structural material, wherein the damping material is The structure material is fixed from the surface side of the structural material along the longitudinal direction of the structural material so as to be deformed together with the structural material.

Since the damping material is provided along the longitudinal direction so as to be deformed together with the structural material, when a bending load larger than the yield point of the damping material is applied, a load lower than the yield point of the structural material (within the elastic range) Attenuation) can be imparted even if the load is less.
Further, since the damping material is fixed from the surface side of the structural material, the damping material can be easily fixed. Therefore, workability is improved and a combination of inexpensive materials is possible, so that the damping structure material can be provided at a low cost.

  Furthermore, the damping material is characterized in that it has the same length as the structural material.

  Since the damping material has the same length as the structural material, the deformation generated in the structural material is evenly transmitted over the entire length of the damping material (strain continuous type). Therefore, the rigidity of the entire damping structure material can be ensured.

  Alternatively, the damping material is partially provided in the longitudinal direction of the structural material.

  Since the damping material is partially provided in the longitudinal direction of the structural material, when the structural material is deformed, strain is concentrated on the partially provided damping material (strain concentration type). By changing the length of the damping material, the yield load of the damping structure material can be controlled.

  In addition, the damping structural member preferably has a box shape having a rectangular cross section, the damping member is fixed to the inner surface of the structural member, and is arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the structural member. It is characterized in that a plurality are provided.

  Further, the damping structural member is preferably a hollow cylindrical shape in which the structural member has a substantially circular cross section, and the damping member is fixed to the inner surface of the structural member and along the longitudinal direction of the structural member. A plurality of devices are provided in parallel.

  In addition, the damping structural member preferably has an H-shaped cross section in which a flange portion is fixed so that the structural material is orthogonal to both ends of the flat web portion, and the damping material is formed on the inner surface of the flange portion. While being fixed, it is provided along the longitudinal direction of this flange part.

  Preferably, the structural material is high-tensile steel, and the damping material is low yield point steel.

Examples of the high-tensile steel include SM570, SMA570W, 590N steel, and 780N steel.
Examples of the low yield point steel include LY100, LY160, and LY225.

  Preferably, the structural material is made of ordinary steel, and the damping material is made of an aluminum material.

Aluminum material is advantageous in that it is the second cheapest structural material after steel. In addition, there are various choices of aluminum materials as aluminum alloys, and materials having different yield points can be selected. It is also advantageous in that a material with less strain hardening (increase in stress after yielding) can be selected. In other words, if strain hardening occurs, the load that the damping material will take will increase, and it will be necessary to give the location where the damping material is attached to the strength to allow for the increase in load, but this need not be taken into account. It is advantageous.
Examples of normal steel include SS400, SM400, SN400, and the like.
As the aluminum material, an aluminum alloy is mainly used, and examples thereof include A6063-T5, A5083-H112, A5052-H112, and A3005-H24.

  Preferably, the structural material is an aluminum material, and the damping material is an aluminum material or a low yield point steel.

As the aluminum material used as the structural material, for example, A5083-H32, A6061-T6, KA6082-T6, and the like are suitable.
As the aluminum material used as the damping material, a material having a lower yield point than the aluminum material used as the structural material is used. For example, A6063-T5, A5083-H112, A5052-H112, A3005-H24, and the like are preferable. .
Examples of the low yield point steel used as the damping material include LY100 and LY160 as materials having a lower yield point than the aluminum material used as the structural material.

  Further, the damping structure material is characterized in that two or more damping materials having different yield points are provided.

  Since two or more damping materials having different yield points are provided, each damping material yields sequentially. Therefore, the change in the rigidity of the damping structure material according to the increase in load becomes gradual, and the design strength of the damping structure material can be set large depending on the selection of the damping material.

  Since the damping material is fixed from the surface side of the structural material, the damping material can be easily fixed. Therefore, workability is improved and a combination of inexpensive materials is possible, so that the damping structure material can be provided at a low cost.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
The damping structure material according to the present embodiment is such that the structure material itself of the structure has a damping function.
As shown in FIG. 1, the structural material 1 is a box shape that forms a main structure and has a rectangular cross section. The structural material 1 extends in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. A plurality of ribs 1a are attached to the inner surface of the main body forming the outer shape of the structural material 1 as reinforcing materials. The rib 1a is made of the same material as the structural material 1 and extends in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the structural material 1 (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface). The rib 1a is provided on the upper and lower surfaces sandwiching the bending center line cc of the structural material 1.

  Between each rib 1a, the some damping material 2 is provided in parallel with the rib 1a. The damping material 2 is attached from the inner surface (upper and lower surfaces) side of the structural material 1 in the same manner as the rib 1a.

A material having a lower yield point than that of the structural material 1 is used for the damping material 2.
Specific material combinations are as follows.
1) When the structural material 1 is a high-strength steel, a low yield point steel is used for the damping material 2.
Examples of the high-tensile steel include SM570, SMA570W, 590N steel, and 780N steel. Examples of the low yield point steel include LY100, LY160, and LY225.
2) When the structural material 1 is ordinary steel, an aluminum material is used for the damping material 2.
Examples of normal steel include SS400, SM400, SN400, and the like. As the aluminum material, an aluminum alloy is mainly used, and examples thereof include A6063-T5, A5083-H112, A5052-H112, and A3005-H24.
3) When the structural material 1 is an aluminum material, the damping material 2 is made of an aluminum material or a low yield point steel whose yield point is similar to or lower than that of the aluminum material.
As the aluminum material used as the structural material 1, for example, A5083-H32, A6061-T6, KA6082-T6, and the like are suitable. As the aluminum material used as the damping material 2, a material having a lower yield point than the aluminum material used as the structural material 1 is used. For example, A6063-T5, A5083-H112, A5052-H112, A3005-H24, etc. are preferable. It is. Examples of the low yield point steel used as the damping material 2 include LY100 and LY160 as materials having a lower yield point than the aluminum material used as the structural material 1.
In addition to the combinations 1) to 3), other combinations of materials are also effective as long as the conditions for using the damping material 2 having a lower yield point than the structural material 1 are satisfied.
However, the aluminum material is suitable for the following reason.
Aluminum material is the second cheapest structural material after steel. In addition, there are various choices of aluminum materials as aluminum alloys, and materials having different yield points can be selected. In addition, a material with less strain hardening (stress increase after yielding) can be selected. In other words, if strain hardening occurs, the load that the damping material will take will increase, and it will be necessary to give the location where the damping material is attached to the strength to allow for the increase in load, but this need not be taken into account. It is advantageous.

The damping material 2 is attached to the structural material 1 when the external force is applied, so that both are integrally deformed.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the damping material 2 is welded to the structural material 1 at point a.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the structural member 1 is fastened with bolts and nuts 3a and 3b.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of damping material 2 is fastened with the bolt nuts 3a and 3b on the both sides | surfaces of the attachment material 1b which protruded inward from the structural material 1. As shown in FIG.

  The damping structural material of the present invention is not limited to the box-shaped structural material 1 as shown in FIG. 1, and can be applied to various types of structural materials. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of damping members 12 may be mounted in parallel at equal intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical structural member 11, and as shown in FIG. The damping member 22 may be attached to the back surface (inner surface) of the flange portion 21a of the structural member 21 having an H-shaped cross section to which the flange portion 21a is fixed so as to be orthogonal to the flange portion 21a.

Further, as a method of attaching the damping material 2 to the structural material 1 in this way, a continuous type and a strain concentration type can be considered.
FIG. 8 shows a continuous attachment method, in which a material having a damping material length l substantially the same as the structural material length L is directly attached to the structural material 1. In the case of this continuous type, the deformation generated in the structural material 1 is transmitted evenly over the entire length of the damping material.
On the other hand, FIG. 9 shows a strain concentration type attachment method, in which both end portions of the attachment material 1c are fixed to the structural material 1, and the damping material 2 is attached to the central portion of the attachment material 1c. This strain concentration formula can control the yield load by concentrating strain by adjusting the length l of the damping material 2 with respect to the structural material length L.

Next, the action when the structure using the damping structure material having the above-described structure is subjected to a predetermined repeated external force due to an earthquake or the like will be described with respect to the box-shaped structure material 1 shown in FIG. This will be described with reference to a characteristic diagram.
The dotted line h in the figure shows the response of the normal structural material 1 without the damping material 2 attached. As shown in the figure, the damping action is performed simply by repeating the elastic deformation so as to reciprocate on the straight dotted line h. Does not occur.
On the other hand, when the damping structural material of the present invention is used, as shown by the solid line m, when the external force repeatedly reaches the yield load, the damping material 2 first yields at the yield point A and enters the plastic region, and then decays. The structural material undergoes elastic deformation similar to the dotted line h. When the damping structure material repeats such an elasto-plastic response (see FIG. 13), vibration energy is absorbed during this period, and vibration of the structure is suppressed / damped.

  The level 1 line shown in FIG. 2 indicates the setting criteria for the strength (yield load, displacement) of the damping structural material used. In the case where damage to the structure appendages and the like can be tolerated, the yield point of the damping structure material is lowered as shown by a two-dot chain line j in the figure. That is, by using the damping material 2 having a low yield point or by performing strain concentration type attachment (see FIG. 9), the displacement can be increased and the damping effect can be increased. On the other hand, when it is desired to suppress the displacement so as not to damage accessories such as machinery, the damping material 2 having a relatively high yield point is used as shown by the solid line m in the figure, or the continuous attachment is used. By performing (see FIG. 8), it is possible to obtain a damping effect without significantly reducing rigidity.

Thus, the following effects can be acquired by using for a structure the attenuation structure material which attached the attenuation material 2 with a yield point lower than the structure material 1 to the member surface of the structure material 1. FIG.
When an external force is repeatedly applied to the structure, the damping structure material repeats an elasto-plastic response to exert a damping action, and vibration energy is absorbed to effectively suppress and attenuate the vibration of the structure.
Moreover, since the damping material 2 is only attached to the member surface, a general-purpose material can be used for the structural material, and the material cost and the processing cost can be reduced.
In addition, by selecting the damping material according to the structure material or adjusting the mounting method, the yield load and response characteristics can be controlled according to the conditions of the structure, and the application range can be expanded. it can.
Furthermore, no maintenance is required as with other types of vibration control devices.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The damping structure material according to this embodiment is such that the structural member of the structure has a damping function as in the first embodiment, and is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the damping material. Hereinafter, the damping structure material according to the present embodiment will be described using a box-shaped structure as an example. Of course, the invention according to the present embodiment can be applied to structures having other shapes shown in FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 10, there are two types of damping materials having different yield points or different materials on the inner surface (upper and lower surfaces sandwiching the bending center line cc) of the structural material 1 reinforced with ribs 1a. 2 is mounted in parallel.
Examples of combinations of the two types of damping materials 2 are as follows.
1) For the structural material 1 made of high-strength steel, damping materials 2a and 2b made of two types of low-yield-point steels having different yield points are used.
Examples of the high-tensile steel include SM570, SMA570W, 590N steel, and 780N steel. Examples of two types of low yield point steels having different yield points include LY100 and LY160, or LY160 and LY225.
2) The structural material 1 made of ordinary steel uses two types of damping materials 2a and 2b made of low yield point steel and aluminum material.
Examples of normal steel include SS400, SM400, SN400, and the like. Examples of the aluminum material having a yield point lower than that of ordinary steel include A6063-T5, A5083-H112, A5052-H112, A3005-H24, and the like.
Note that other combinations of materials are also effective as long as the conditions for using the damping material 2 having a lower yield point than the structural material 1 and different yield points are satisfied.

The operation of the damping structural member having the above configuration will be described with reference to the external force-displacement response characteristic diagram of FIG.
The dotted line h in the figure shows the response of the normal structural material 1 without the damping materials 2a and 2b attached. Similar to the first embodiment, only the elastic deformation is repeated as shown in the figure, and the damping action does not occur. .
On the other hand, when the damping structure material according to the present embodiment is used, as shown by the solid line n, when the external force repeatedly increases and reaches the yield load, the damping material 2a having a low yield point first yields at the yield point A. Then, after entering the plastic region, the other damping material 2b reaches the yield point B and enters the plastic region, and then the damping structure material undergoes elastic deformation similar to the dotted line h. In this manner, the damping structure material repeats an elasto-plastic response (see FIG. 13), so that vibration energy is absorbed during this time, and the vibration of the structure is efficiently suppressed and damped.

As described above, the damping structure material according to the present embodiment has a lower yield point than the structure material, and two or more types of damping materials having different yield points are arranged in parallel. The damping material can yield sequentially to increase the damping force. Therefore, the change in rigidity becomes gradual, and as shown in FIG. 11, the strength setting standard of the damping structural member can be set to level 2 higher than level 1 in the first embodiment. That is, there is an effect that a structure having more excellent earthquake resistance can be obtained.
Since other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

It is the cross-sectional view which showed the damping structure material concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the damping structure material of FIG. It is the principal part enlarged view which showed the attachment part of the damping material of FIG. It is the principal part enlarged view which showed the other attachment method of the damping material. It is the principal part enlarged view which showed the other attachment method of the damping material. It is the cross-sectional view which showed the modification of the damping structure material of FIG. It is the cross-sectional view which showed the modification of the damping structure material of FIG. It is the side view which showed the attachment method of the damping material in a longitudinal direction. It is the side view which showed the attachment method of the damping material in a longitudinal direction. It is the cross-sectional view which showed the damping structure material concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the damping structure material of FIG. It is the figure which showed the conventional damping structure material. It is the figure which showed the effect | action of the conventional damping structure material.

Explanation of symbols

1 structural material 1a rib 2, 2a, 2b damping material

Claims (10)

A structural material constituting the main structure;
A damping material comprising a material having a lower yield point than the structural material,
The damping material is fixed from the surface side of the structural material along the longitudinal direction of the structural material so as to be deformed together with the structural material.   The damping structure material according to claim 1, wherein the damping material has the same length as the structure material.   The damping structure material according to claim 1, wherein the damping material is partially provided with respect to a longitudinal direction of the structure material. The structural material has a box shape having a rectangular cross section,
4. The attenuation according to claim 1, wherein the damping material is fixed to an inner surface of the structural material, and a plurality of the damping materials are provided in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the structural material. Structural material. The structural material has a hollow cylindrical shape having a substantially circular cross section,
4. The attenuation according to claim 1, wherein the damping material is fixed to an inner surface of the structural material, and a plurality of the damping materials are provided in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the structural material. Structural material. The structural material has an H-shaped cross section in which a flange portion is fixed so as to be orthogonal to both ends of a flat web portion,
The damping structure material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the damping material is fixed to an inner surface of the flange portion and is provided along a longitudinal direction of the flange portion. The structural material is high tensile steel,
The damping structure material according to claim 1, wherein the damping material is a low yield point steel. The structural material is ordinary steel,
The damping structure material according to claim 1, wherein the damping material is an aluminum material. The structural material is an aluminum material,
The damping material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the damping material is an aluminum material or a low yield point steel.   The damping structure material according to claim 1, wherein two or more damping materials having different yield points are provided.

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