JP2006274589A - End attachment mounting device for construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an end attachment mounting device for a construction machine facilitating attachment/detachment work of a heavy end attachment. <P>SOLUTION: The construction machine is detachably mounted with an end attachment at the tip of a working machine. An arm of the working machine is divided in a base end portion and a body portion. The division faces of both divided portions are detachably constituted, and a lightweight end attachment such as a lifting magnet is constituted to be attachable to and detachable from the tip of the body portion, while the heavy end attachment such as a steel cutter is constituted to be attachable to and detachable from the tip division face of the base end portion. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a mounting device for mounting an end attachment to a working machine of a construction machine (including a working machine).

  Conventionally, a work machine of a construction machine can be operated by attaching an end attachment suitable for the target work, and when performing another work, the work machine has been replaced with another end attachment. Furthermore, it is also employed to change the configuration of the work machine itself to a suitable configuration when it is replaced with another attachment. The end attachment includes a lightweight end attachment such as a bucket and a lifting magnet and a heavy end attachment such as a steel cutter. For example, as a conventional construction machine in which both a lightweight end attachment and a heavy end attachment are exchanged and installed, there are the following.

FIG. 10 shows an overall configuration of a construction machine 50 to which a lightweight end attachment such as a bucket or a lifting magnet can be attached. The construction machine 50 is provided with a lower traveling body 51, an upper revolving body 52 configured to be rotatable on the lower traveling body 51, a cab on one side (for example, the left side) on the upper revolving body 52, and lying on the opposite side. A movable work machine 53 is provided. The work machine 53 includes a boom 54 that can freely move up and down, a boom top (or intermediate arm) 55 that is rotatably provided at the tip of the boom 54, and an arm that is rotatably provided at the tip of the intermediate arm 55. 56. An end attachment such as a bucket or a lifting magnet is provided at the tip of the arm 56 so that it can be attached. In some construction machines, the intermediate arm 55 is omitted.

If a heavy end attachment such as a steel cutter is attached to the tip of the arm 56 of the construction machine 50 as described above, the construction machine 50 may fall over or the arm 56 may bend and break down, making the work difficult or impossible. An inconvenient situation occurs. Therefore, conventionally, a heavy object such as the steel cutter 60 is operated by removing the arm 56 and attaching it to the tip of the boom 54 or the intermediate arm 55. FIG. 11 shows the case where it is directly attached to the tip of the boom 54.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the steel cutter 60 is provided with a rotating device 63 between a main body 61 and a base end portion 62, and a mounting portion 64 is provided on the base end portion 62. The mounting portion 64 is provided with two pin holes 65 and 65. FIG. 6B shows a case where the steel cutter 60 is attached to the tip of the boom 54. The steel cutter 60 is heavy, and when a special tool is not prepared, the alignment of the pin holes for pin connection is a complicated operation. For this reason, the mounting and detaching operations of the steel cutter 60 and the like in the conventional apparatus require several workers, and it is a complicated and dangerous operation, requiring a long time.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a conventional apparatus (Patent Document 1) in which the arm is divided into two parts. In FIG. 12A, the work machine 71 of the construction machine 70 includes a boom 72 and an arm 73. The arm 73 is divided into a base end portion 74 and a main body portion 75, and flanges 76 (76a, 76b) are provided on each division surface. As shown in FIG. 12B, the flange 76 a has a set of a plurality of bolt holes (a to d) formed at a constant central angle around the longitudinal axis of the arm 75. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12C, the flange 76b has bolt holes A, B, and C formed around the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the arm 74 at the same constant angle as in FIG. Yes. A pin hole 77 is provided at the center of the flange 76a, and a protruding pin 78 is provided at the center of the flange 76b. As can be understood from the above description, in this conventional device, the central angle of the main body portion 75 is biased so that it can be connected to the proximal end portion 74.
Published Utility Model Publication, Sho 58-145361 (Angle with angle adjustment)

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a case where a bucket is mounted on a conventional construction machine (Patent Document 2). A work machine 87 of the construction machine 80 includes a boom top 85 and an arm 82. On the other hand, FIG. 14 is a figure which shows the case where a long attachment is provided. In FIG. 14, a work machine (front attachment) 87 of the construction machine 80 is provided with a relay boom 83, a relay boom 84, and a boom top 85 between a boom 81 and an arm 82, and a plurality of pins are mutually connected between the members. It is a conventional device that is detachably and integrally connected by such means as above. A case where a crusher (end attachment) 86 is attached to the tip of the arm 82 is shown. Therefore, in this construction machine, when switching from the operation using the bucket to the operation using the crusher, it is necessary to insert and connect the relay booms 83 and 84 between the boom 81 and the boom top 85.
Utility Model Bulletin No. 7-52184 (Hydraulic excavator front attachment)

As described above, the heavy end attachment such as a steel cutter is operated by removing the arm 56 and attaching it to the tip of the boom 54 or the intermediate arm 55. However, the installation and removal of heavy end attachments such as the steel cutter 60 requires several workers, and is a complicated and dangerous operation, requiring a long time.
The present invention has been made in view of the above facts, and provides an end attachment mounting device for a construction machine that can easily attach and detach heavy end attachments as well as attachment and detachment operations of lightweight end attachments such as buckets and lifting magnets. This is the issue.

The conventional apparatus described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 differs from the problem of the present application in the following points.
An object of the present application is to facilitate replacement work (detachment work) when a light end attachment and a heavy end attachment are used by exchanging them with the same construction machine. However, although the conventional device described in Patent Document 1 is common in that the arm is divided, the purpose of this conventional invention is to allow the central angle of the main body portion 75 to be biased so that it can be connected to the base end portion 74. In addition, only the use of lightweight end attachments is planned, and the use of heavy end attachments is unplanned. Therefore, it is difficult to attach a heavy end attachment.

Further, the conventional device described in Patent Document 2 is common in that the end attachment is replaced. However, in this conventional apparatus, a long attachment is required when an end attachment such as a crusher that requires work at a high place is attached. For this reason, the purpose is to use the relay booms 83 and 84 inserted and connected when working at a high place, and to remove the relay booms 83 and 84 in normal work such as excavation work. Therefore, in this apparatus, the relay booms 83 and 84 can be attached / detached (inserted / removed), but it is difficult (unscheduled) to replace or attach to / from the heavy end attachment.
Accordingly, the problem of the present invention is essentially different from the problem (or purpose) of the conventional apparatus described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, and the solution means (structure of the invention) is also described as described below. Is different. Moreover, it does not give a hint for solving the problems of the present invention.

The present invention employs the following configuration as means for solving the above-described problems. That is,
The invention according to claim 1 divides the arm of the work implement into a base end portion and a main body portion, and detachably forms the split surfaces of both split portions, and the lightweight end attachment such as a lifting magnet is A heavy-duty end attachment such as a steel cutter is detachably attached to the distal end split surface of the base end portion.
The main feature of the present invention is that the attachment / detachment work of the heavy end attachment is facilitated.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the split surface attaching / detaching device of the two split portions is provided with a fixing pin and a first pin hole on one side and a fixing pin engaged with the fixing pin on the other side. A hook portion and a second pin hole connected to the first pin hole are provided, and the hook portion and the first pin hole are configured to be detachable and fixed with an insertion pin.
The main feature of the present invention is that the weight end attachment can be attached and detached by simple operations such as insertion and removal of the insertion pin.

The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the fixing hook and the second pin hole are provided in the base end portion.
The main feature of the present invention is that it is not necessary to provide a fixing hook on the main body portion and the heavy weight end attachment.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the insertion pin is a single pin.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects of the invention, a stopper is provided in the vicinity of the fixed hook portion or the fixed pin to facilitate alignment of the first pin hole and the second pin hole. It is characterized by that.
The main feature of the present invention is that the configuration is simplified. In addition, even if the same configuration is not completely the same, a configuration in which main parts are the same is also included.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, brackets are provided on the side surfaces of the attachment / detachment portions of both of the mounting devices, and bolt holes are provided in both of the brackets to provide bolt means. It is characterized by the fact that both brackets can be consolidated.

A seventh aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the inventions of the first to fourth aspects, the heavy-weight end attachment attaching / detaching device has the same or similar configuration as the main body portion attaching / detaching device.
The main feature of the present invention is that the configuration is simplified.
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the direction of the opening portion of the fixed hook portion is directed upward outward, and the engagement of the fixed pin does not come off after mounting. It is characterized by doing so.

The main feature of the present invention is that the engagement between the fixed hook and the fixed pin is not disengaged when no bracket is provided.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to easily perform the attachment / detachment operation of the heavy end attachment or the replacement operation of the end attachment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is a case where the present invention is applied to a working machine having an intermediate arm 55 shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of the arm splitting and splitting part attaching / detaching device. FIG. 2 is a view showing a steel cutter as a heavy end attachment. 3 to 5 show a first embodiment of the attachment / detachment device, and FIGS. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the attachment / detachment device. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a procedure for attaching / detaching the attaching / detaching device.

<Embodiment 1>
The first embodiment is an embodiment where a bracket is provided on the side surface of the detachable portion as defined in claim 6. In FIG. 1, the arm 56 (see FIG. 10) is divided into a base end portion 11 and a main body portion 12. In addition, the division may be performed by dividing the intermediate arm 55 instead of the arm 56, and the same applies to that case. Fixing means 13 and 14 for connecting and fixing the divided surfaces of the divided portions 11 and 12 are provided on the respective divided surfaces. The fixing means 13 on the base end portion 11 side includes a fixing hook 15 and a boss 16 a having a pin hole 16. The fixing means 14 of the main body portion 12 includes a fixing pin 18 and a pin hole 19. Here, the fixing hook 15 is fixed in a shape protruding forward on both side surfaces of the distal end portion of the base end portion 11, and the fixing pin 18 that is locked to the fixing hook 15 is on both side surfaces of the rear end portion of the main body portion 12. Is provided. In addition, in order to reinforce connection fixation, the brackets 17 and 20 are provided in the state which protruded on the side surface in each division | segmentation part (base end part 11, main-body part 12). The connection is fixed by inserting the pin 21 into the pin hole 16 and the pin hole 19. Details will be described later.

FIG. 2 shows a steel cutter 22 as an example of a heavy end attachment. The steel cutter 22 includes a fixed blade 23 and a swinging blade 24. The swinging blade 24 is provided so as to be swingable around a pin 25, and swinging is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). A main body 26 and a backbone 27 of the steel cutter 22 are rotatably connected. The rotation is controlled by a hydraulic actuator (not shown). The backbone portion 27 is provided with a fixing pin 28 that engages with the fixing hook 15 of the proximal end portion 11 and a pin hole 29 at a position corresponding to the pin hole 16, and is connected and fixed by the pin 21. Further, a vertical bracket 30 provided at one end of the trunk portion 27 is configured to come into contact with the bracket 17 and be firmly fixed with a bolt.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing details of the base end portion 11 of the arm 56. FIG. 3A is a side view of the base end portion 11 and shows a state where the intermediate arm 55 is removed. FIG. 3B is a view seen from an arrow AA in FIG. 3A, and FIG. 3C is a view seen from an arrow XX. As shown in FIG. 3, the fixing hooks 15 are provided to be fixed to both sides of the proximal end portion 11 in a state of protruding forward from the distal end edge 11 a of the proximal end portion 11. The engaging surface (concave surface) 15a of the fixing hook 15 that engages with the fixing pin 18 (or 28, the same applies hereinafter) is provided so as to face the front side (right direction in FIG. 3A). The engaging surface 15 a only needs to be able to freely rotate the fixing pin 18 while being engaged with the fixing pin 18. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the engagement surface 15a is preferably a partial shape of a circle, but is not limited thereto.

  The pin hole 16 is provided inside the boss 16a, and the boss 16a is located behind the fixed hook 15 (leftward in FIG. 3A) on both sides of the proximal end portion 11 in parallel with the fixed hook 15a. 11 at the rear end. The center distance between the center of the fixing hook 15 and the center of the pin hole 16 is constant, and the center between the center of the fixing pin 18 and the center of the pin hole 19 provided in the main body portion 12 (and the steel cutter 22). The distance (and the center distance between the center of the fixing pin 28 and the center of the pin hole 29) is configured to coincide with the distance.

The brackets 17 and 17 are provided on both sides of the proximal end portion 11, and the distal end portion 17 a of the bracket 17 is provided in the vicinity of (or inside of) the distal end edge 11 a of the proximal end portion 11. The bracket 17 includes a plate-like portion 17b having a contact surface and a reinforcing portion 17c. The contact surface of the bracket 17 (the lower surface in FIG. 3A) is parallel to the distal end edge 11a of the base end portion 11 and parallel to a line passing through the center of the fixing hook 15 and the center of the pin hole 16. It is desirable. As shown in FIG. 3C, the plate-like portion 17b of the bracket 17 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes.

Next, in FIG. 4, a base 23 is provided on the dividing surface of the main body portion 12, and four plate members (inner plate members 26, 26 and outer plate members 25, 25) are perpendicular to the base 23 on the base 23. The inner plate member 26 and the outer plate member 25 form a pair, and a fixing pin 18 is fixed to the front of each pair (right side in FIG. 4B). . The four plate members are provided with pin holes 19 at the same distance from the fixed pin 18 and at the same height from the base 23. As described above, the center distance between the fixing pin 18 and the pin hole 19 is configured to match the center distance between the fixing hook 15 and the pin hole 16.

The inner plate members 26, 26 are provided with reinforcing members 27 protruding in a right angle direction. Furthermore, brackets 20 and 20 are fixed to the upper end surfaces of the outer plate members 25 and 25. The bracket 20 has the same configuration as the bracket 17 described above, and the bracket 20 is positioned at a contact surface of the bracket 20 when the fixing hook 15 and the fixing pin 18 are engaged and the pin hole 16 and the pin hole 19 are aligned. And the abutting surface of the bracket 17 are provided in surface contact.

5 (B) shows a side view of the mounting portion of the steel cutter (heavy end attachment) 22, FIG. 5 (A) shows an arrow view seen from ZZ, and FIG. 5 (C) shows from CC. The arrow view seen is shown. In FIG. 5, the bases 31 and 32 are provided so as to be rotatable with respect to each other. The rotating device and the rotation angle control means are not shown. The base 32 is fixed to the main body, and the base 31 is fixed to the backbone 27. Four trapezoidal plate members (outer plate members 33 and 33 and inner plate members 34 and 34) are fixed in the vertical direction on the outer surface (opposite side of the substrate 32) of the substrate 31.

These plate members 33 and 34 are reinforced by a reinforcing member 35. Further, the outer plate member 33 and the inner plate member 34 make a pair, and a fixing pin 28 is provided between the outer plate member 33 and the inner plate member 34 near the base 31 at one edge. The four trapezoidal plate members 33 and 34 are provided with pin holes 29 at a distance away from the base 31 at the other edge. A bracket 30 is fixed to the outer surface of the distal end portion of the outer plate member 33. The shape and function of the bracket 30 are the same as the shape and function of the bracket 20, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

<Embodiment 2>
The second embodiment is an embodiment in which a stopper 40 is provided on the side surface of the detachable portion instead of the bracket as defined in claim 5. The second embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. The second embodiment has the same components as those of the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the components and detailed description thereof is omitted. Hereinafter, different parts will be described in detail. FIG. 6 is a view showing details of the proximal end portion 11 of the arm 56. FIG. 6A is a side view of the base end portion 11 and shows a state where the intermediate arm 55 is removed. FIG. 6B is a view seen from an arrow AA in FIG. 6A, and FIG. 6C is a view seen from an arrow XX. As can be seen by comparing FIG. 6 with FIG. 3, the difference between the two is that the second embodiment is provided with a stopper 40 instead of the bracket 17 in the first embodiment.

In FIG. 6, the stopper 40 has a shape protruding on the outer surface on either the left or right side of the base end portion 11, and is located close to the inside of the pin hole 16 (or boss 16 a) (above FIG. 6A). It is desirable to provide a fixed installation. The function (role) of the stopper 40 is that when the base end portion 11 and the main body portion 12 (or the steel cutter) are rotated with each other while the fixing hook 15 and the fixing pin 19 are engaged, It stops in a state where the position matches the position of the pin hole 19 (or 29). Therefore, the stopper 40 may be provided at another position as long as it fulfills the above function.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the mounting device for the main body portion 12 in the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing details of the mounting device for the steel cutter 22 in the second embodiment. Either of them may be estimated by referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, but is described in order to clarify the configuration of the second embodiment. Since it is considered that the configuration of the second embodiment can be grasped by referring to the reference numbers described in FIGS. 7 and 8, the description thereof is omitted. In the first embodiment, the bracket 17 and the bracket 20 are configured to be fixable. Alternatively, in the second embodiment, a locking device (not shown) may be provided so that the engagement between the fixing pin 18 and the fixing hook 15 is not released, or the fixing pin is attached from the fixing hook 15 in the mounted state. You may change the direction of the opening part of the fixing hook 15 so that it may not remove | deviate. For example, the opening may be directed outward, i.e., toward the object to be attached and toward the opposite side of the fixing pin 18.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the procedure of the mounting work of the first embodiment (second embodiment). 9 shows a view of connecting the main body portion 12 to the base end portion 11, the work procedure for connecting the steel cutter 22 to the base end portion 11 is exactly the same. FIG. 9A is a diagram in the middle of the mounting operation, and FIG. 9B shows a diagram in which the mounting operation is completed. In FIG. 9A, the main body portion 12 is first laid so that the left and right fixing pins 18 and 18 are parallel to the ground. The mounting operation is preferably performed on a horizontal ground. Next, the booms 54 and the intermediate arm 55 of the work machine are operated to engage the fixing hooks 15 and 15 with the fixing pins 18 and 18. While maintaining the engaged state, the boom 54 and the intermediate arm 55 are slowly rotated downward to bring the contact surface of the bracket 17 into contact with the contact surface of the bracket 20.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9B, the positions of the pin hole 16 and the pin hole 19 coincide with each other with the contact surfaces in contact with each other. When they match, the insertion pin 21 is inserted into the pin holes 16 and 16 and the pin holes 19 and 19, and the insertion pin 21 is fixed by fixing means (not shown). Finally, the bracket 17 and the bracket 20 are fixed with bolts and nuts. Moreover, when replacing | exchanging the main-body part 12 and the steel frame cutter 22, the main-body part 12 is removed in the procedure reverse to the procedure demonstrated above. Next, the steel cutter 22 is mounted in the same manner as the procedure for mounting the main body portion 12.

The mounting and replacement work of the main body portion 12 of the second embodiment is different from the above work in the following points. That is, a stopper 40 is provided on the main body portion 12 instead of the bracket 17 and the bracket 20 (FIG. 6). Accordingly, the fixing hooks 15 and 15 are engaged with the fixing pins 18 and 18 and the boom 54 and the intermediate arm 55 are slowly rotated downward while maintaining the engaged state until the outer plate member 25 contacts the stopper 40. Do. In the state of contact, the positions of the pin hole 16 and the pin hole 19 coincide. The subsequent steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  As described above, according to the invention described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the mounting and replacement work becomes easier as compared with the conventional apparatus. It is also possible to perform mounting and replacement work by a single worker. As a result, the labor cost can be saved. The operation of the second embodiment becomes easier, but the effect of the first embodiment can be firmly fixed.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and the technical scope of the present invention is also applicable to a working machine having no intermediate arm. include. Furthermore, the case where the intermediate arm is divided is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

The structure of the division | segmentation of an arm and the attachment / detachment apparatus of a division part is shown. A steel cutter (heavy end attachment) is shown. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating details of a base end portion of the first embodiment. (A) is a side view, (B) is an AA arrow view, (C) is an XX arrow view. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating details of a main body portion of the first embodiment. (A) is a side view, (B) is an AA arrow view, (C) is an XX arrow view. It is the figure which showed the detail of the steel frame cutter of Embodiment 1. FIG. (B) is a side view, (A) is a ZZ arrow view, (C) is a CC arrow view. 6 is a diagram illustrating details of a base end portion of Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating details of a main body portion of the second embodiment. It is the figure which showed the detail of the steel frame cutter of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is the figure which showed the procedure of mounting work. It is a figure which shows the conventional construction machine. It is a figure which shows the construction machine equipped with the conventional steel cutter. It is a figure which shows another conventional construction machine. Furthermore, the case where the bucket is mounted | worn with another conventional construction machine is shown. A conventional construction machine with a long attachment is shown.

Explanation of symbols

11 Base part (divided part)
12 Body part (divided part)
15 fixing hook 15a engaging surface 16 pin hole (second pin hole)
17 Bracket 18 Fixing pin 19 Pin hole (first pin hole)
20 Bracket 21 Insertion pin 22 Steel cutter (heavy end attachment)
29 Pin hole 30 Bracket 40 Stopper

Claims (8)

In a construction machine in which an end attachment is detachably attached to the distal end of the work machine, the arm of the work machine is divided into a base end part and a main body part, and the split surfaces of the two split parts are configured to be removable. Construction machine end characterized in that lightweight end attachments such as lifting magnets are detachably attached to the tip of the main body part, and heavy end attachments such as steel cutters are detachably attached to the distal end split surface of the base end part. Attachment mounting device. The splitting surface attaching / detaching device of the two split portions is provided with a fixing pin and a first pin hole on one side, and a fixing hook portion engaging with the fixing pin and a second pin hole connecting with the first pin hole on the other side. The end attachment mounting device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the mounting device can be attached / detached and fixed with an insertion pin. The end attachment mounting device for a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the fixing hook and the second pin hole are provided in the base end portion. The end attachment mounting device for a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the insertion pin comprises a single pin. The construction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a stopper is provided in the vicinity of the fixed hook portion or the fixed pin to facilitate alignment of the first pin hole and the second pin hole. Machine end attachment mounting device. 5. A bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein brackets are provided on side surfaces of the detachable portions of both of the mounting devices, and bolt holes are provided in both of the brackets so that both the brackets can be fastened by bolt means. 2. An end attachment mounting device for a construction machine according to 1. 7. The construction machine end attachment mounting device according to claim 1, wherein the heavy end attachment attaching / detaching device has the same configuration as the body portion attaching / detaching device. The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an orientation of the opening portion of the fixed hook portion is upward outward so that the engagement of the fixed pin does not come off after mounting. End attachment mounting device.

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