JP2020051154A - Work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a work machine capable of enhancing work efficiency at the time of low-rise demolition.SOLUTION: A hydraulic shovel 1 includes a front device 4 provided, so as to be capable of performing elevation operation, on the front side of a revolving super structure 3 constituting a vehicle body, the front device 4 including an arm 13, its component member, having a base end side linear part 13a and a tip side linear part 13b that are connected via a bent part 13c so as to form an obtuse angle and a work tool cylinder 20 disposed along the tip side linear part 13b, to form a doglegged shape as a whole. When both of the base end side linear part 13a of the arm 13 and a work tool 14 are grounded on the surface of the earth E, an angle shape is retained in which the bent part 13c is positioned above a linear line L connecting a first support shaft 17 on the side of a middle arm 12 with a second support shaft 18 on the side of the work tool 14 and the work tool cylinder 20 is made to be disposed in a space generated between the surface of the earth E and the tip side linear part 13b.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a working machine such as a hydraulic shovel, and more particularly to a working machine suitable for dismantling a low-rise structure.

  BACKGROUND ART A hydraulic excavator as a representative example of a working machine has a vehicle body configured by a self-propelled lower traveling body and an upper revolving body that is rotatably mounted on an upper part of the lower traveling body. A front device is provided on the front side so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. When a structure having a large ground height such as a high-rise building is dismantled, for example, it is used as a hydraulic shovel in which a front device for dismantling work is attached to a front side of an upper revolving structure.

  Normally, a front device for dismantling work has a plurality of booms called a multi-boom. The multi-boom includes a lower boom rotatably attached to a front portion of an upper swing body, and a tip of the lower boom. And a top boom attached to the distal end side of the joining boom (for example, see Patent Document 1). A middle arm is rotatably connected to the distal end of the upper boom, an arm is rotatably connected to the distal end of the middle arm, and a working tool such as a crusher is attached to the distal end of the arm. ing. Further, a boom cylinder is attached between the lower boom and the upper swing body, and the front device is raised and lowered by expansion and contraction of the boom cylinder.

  When a structure or the like is dismantled by a hydraulic shovel equipped with a front device having such a configuration, the front device has a multi-joint structure having three links (a multi-boom, a middle arm, and an arm). Also in the dismantling, the working radius becomes large, and a wide range can be dismantled efficiently.

JP 2011-256626 A

  By the way, the working tool such as a crusher attached to the distal end side of the arm has a limitation on the opening width and a limitation on the thickness of the wall that can be gripped. Therefore, it becomes difficult to grasp a floor or the like spreading horizontally, from above, and if the floor or the like can be grasped from a horizontal direction (lateral direction), work efficiency is improved. However, in the conventional hydraulic excavator disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like, when working in a range close to the driver's seat of the vehicle body, it is difficult to set a working tool such as a crusher attached to the distal end of the arm to a horizontal posture. In addition, there is a problem that the work of grasping the floor or the pillar of the low-rise structure from the lateral direction and crushing the work cannot be performed, and the work efficiency at the time of disassembly of the low-rise structure is poor.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a working machine capable of improving working efficiency at the time of disassembly of a low-rise building.

  In order to achieve the above object, a working machine according to the present invention includes a self-propelled vehicle body, a boom mounted on the vehicle body so as to be capable of raising and lowering, and a rotatably connected to a tip side of the boom. A middle arm, an arm rotatably connected to the distal end of the middle arm via a first support shaft, and an operation rotatably mounted via a second support shaft to the distal end of the arm. Tool, a middle arm cylinder mounted between the boom and the middle arm, an arm cylinder mounted between the middle arm and the arm, and mounted between the arm and the work implement. A working tool cylinder, wherein the arm has two linearly extending portions that are connected at an obtuse angle via the bent portion, and the work tool cylinder is larger than the bent portion. Destination Side, and the work implement is grounded on both the linearly extending portion and the work implement located on the rear end side of the bent portion. At this time, the bent portion is located above a straight line connecting the first support shaft and the second support shaft.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the working machine of this invention, since working tools, such as a crusher, can be made into a horizontal attitude | position even with a low working height, the working efficiency at the time of low-rise disassembly can be improved. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

It is a side view showing the hydraulic shovel concerning an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view of an arm provided in the hydraulic shovel of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a working posture of a front device provided in the hydraulic shovel of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a working posture of a front device provided in a hydraulic shovel according to a comparative example. It is a side view of the arm concerning a modification.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a multi-boom hydraulic excavator 1 which is an example of a work machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the hydraulic excavator 1 includes a lower traveling body 2 that is capable of self-running, and an upper revolving body 3 that is rotatably mounted on the lower traveling body 2 and forms a vehicle body together with the lower traveling body 2. It is generally constituted by a front device 4 described below provided on the front side of the upper revolving unit 3 so as to be capable of elevating, and is used for dismantling a low-rise structure such as a building having a ground height of about 12 to 18 m. It is preferably used.

  The upper revolving unit 3 includes a revolving frame 5 serving as a base, a cab 6 disposed on the front left side of the revolving frame 5 to define a driver's cab, and a counterweight disposed on a rear end side of the revolving frame 5. 7 and a building cover 8 arranged in front of the counterweight 7 to accommodate mounted equipment such as an engine and a hydraulic pump (not shown).

  The front device 4 includes a multi boom including a lower boom 9, a plurality of joint booms 10, and an upper boom 11, a middle arm 12 rotatably connected to a distal end of the upper boom 11, and a The arm 13 is roughly constituted by an arm 13 rotatably connected and a working tool 14 rotatably connected to a distal end side of the arm 13.

  The base end side of the lower boom 9 is rotatably connected to the revolving frame 5 on the front right side of the upper revolving unit 3, and a plurality of joint booms 10 are pin-connected to the distal end side of the lower boom 9. . The upper boom 11 is pin-connected to the distal end side of the joint boom 10, and the proximal end side of the middle arm 12 is rotatably connected to the distal end side of the upper boom 11 via a support shaft 15. A boom cylinder (not shown) is mounted between the lower boom 9 and the upper swing body 3, and the multi-boom (lower boom 9, joint boom 10, and upper boom 11) moves up and down due to expansion and contraction of the boom cylinder. (Rotation).

  A middle arm cylinder 16 is attached between the base end side of the middle arm 12 and the upper boom 11, and the middle arm 12 rotates around the support shaft 15 by the expansion and contraction of the middle arm cylinder 16.

  A base end of the arm 13 is rotatably connected to a distal end side of the middle arm 12 via a first support shaft 17, and a working tool 14 is connected to a distal end side of the arm 13 via a second support shaft 18. It is rotatably mounted. An arm cylinder 19 is attached between the middle arm 12 and the base end of the arm 13, and the arm 13 rotates around the first support shaft 17 by the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 19.

  A work implement cylinder 20 is mounted between the distal end side of the arm 13 and the work implement 14, and the work implement 14 rotates about the second support shaft 18 by the expansion and contraction of the work implement cylinder 20. The work implement 14 is an attachment having a function suitable for the work content of the hydraulic excavator 1. In the case of dismantling work of a low-rise structure, the work implement 14 such as a crusher or a breaker is selectively attached to the tip side of the arm 13. Can be

  In such a multi-boom hydraulic excavator 1, a characteristic configuration of the present invention resides in that the shape of the arm 13 is devised. Hereinafter, the specific configuration and operation and effect of the arm 13 will be described in detail.

  FIG. 2 is a side view of the arm 13. The arm 13 includes a base-side linear portion 13 a provided with a first support shaft 17, a distal-side linear portion 13 b provided with a second support shaft 18, It has a bent portion 13c that connects the proximal-side linear portion 13a and the distal-side linear portion 13b at an obtuse angle, and is formed in an overall U shape. The bending angle θ of the distal-side linear portion 13b due to the bending portion 13c, that is, the bending angle θ of the distal-side linear portion 13b bent downward with respect to an imaginary line along the axial direction of the proximal-side linear portion 13a is approximately (25 ± 5) degrees. The work implement cylinder 20 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the distal-side linear portion 13b, and the rod side of the work implement cylinder 20 is supported by the work implement 14. Further, the bottom side of the working tool cylinder 20 is supported by a cylinder bracket 21 provided at a connection point between the bent portion 13c and the linear portion 13b on the distal end side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when an imaginary line connecting the first support shaft 17 and the second support shaft 18 is a straight line L, both the base-side linear portion 13 a of the arm 13 and the work implement 14 are grounded to the ground E. When this is done, the arm 13 is held in a chevron shape in which the bent portion 13c is located above the straight line L. As a result, since the work implement cylinder 20 is disposed in the space formed between the ground E and the front-side linear portion 13b, the entire arm 13 can be placed on the ground E in a stable posture. The tool cylinder 20 is also prevented from being damaged.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a working posture of the front device 4 including the arm 13 having such a shape. As shown in FIG. 3, when the low-rise structure is dismantled using the hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment, when the work implement 14 is used to work in a range close to the driver's seat (cab 6) of the vehicle body, the arm 13 is used. Is bent forward by a predetermined bending angle θ (25 ± 5 degrees) with respect to the axial direction of the distal-side linear portion 13b. As a result, the range in which the work implement 14 such as the crusher attached to the front-side linear portion 13b can be kept in a horizontal position is widened, and the floor or pillar of the low-rise structure is grabbed by the work implement 14 from the lateral direction and crushed. The work efficiency at the time of disassembly of a low-rise building can be remarkably improved.

  Further, in the excavator 1 according to the present embodiment, even when the middle arm 12 is rotated to perform the disassembly work of the middle part, the work implement 14 can be in a horizontal posture, and the floor and pillars of the middle structure can be moved. Work such as crushing by grabbing from the lateral direction can also be easily performed. Furthermore, when the front device 4 is folded and stored in the minimum posture, both the base-side linear portion 13a of the arm 13 and the work implement 14 can be placed on the ground E and maintained in a horizontal posture. 4 can improve the maintainability.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a working posture of a front device having a conventional linear arm as a comparative example of the hydraulic shovel 1 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the case of the hydraulic excavator 100 according to the comparative example, since the arm 102 of the front device 101 has a straight shape without a bent portion, the work implement 103 attached to the distal end side of the arm 102 is used. When the low-rise structure is dismantled by using the work implement 103, the work implement 103 can be kept in a horizontal posture if it is far from the driver's seat of the vehicle body, but the work implement 103 is kept in a horizontal posture in a range near the driver's seat of the vehicle body It becomes difficult. As a result, in a range close to the driver's seat of the vehicle body, it becomes impossible to grab the floor or pillars of the low-rise structure from the lateral direction with the work implement 14, and the work efficiency at the time of low-rise disassembly becomes poor.

  As described above, in the hydraulic shovel 1 according to the present embodiment, the arm 13 that is a constituent member of the front device 4 is configured such that the base-side linear portion 13a and the distal-side linear portion 13 that are continuous at an obtuse angle via the bent portion 13c. 13b, and the work implement cylinder 20 is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the distal-side linear portion 13b and is formed in an overall U-shape, so that the driver's seat ( When the low-rise structure is dismantled in a range close to the cab 6), the distal straight portion 13b of the arm 13 is bent at a predetermined bending angle θ (25 ± 5 degrees) with respect to the axial direction of the distal straight portion 13b. Only the posture bent forward. As a result, the range in which the work implement 14 such as the crusher attached to the front-side linear portion 13b can be kept in a horizontal position is widened, and the floor or pillar of the low-rise structure is grabbed by the work implement 14 from the lateral direction and crushed. The work efficiency at the time of disassembly of a low-rise building can be remarkably improved.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the first support shaft 17 near the middle arm 12 and the work tool 14 when both the base-side linear portion 13a and the work tool 14 are grounded to the ground E. The space formed between the ground E and the front-end-side linear portion 13b while the bent portion 13c is held in the shape of a chevron located on the upper side with respect to the straight line L connecting the second support shaft 18 The arm 13 can be grounded in a horizontal position when the front device 4 is in the retracted position, so that the maintenance of the front device 4 can be improved.

  If the bending angle θ of the distal-side linear portion 13b due to the bent portion 13c of the arm 13 is too small, it becomes difficult to bring the work implement 103 into a horizontal posture in a range close to the driver's seat of the vehicle body. If the size is too large, it is difficult to set the work implement 14 in a vertical position during the disassembly of the middle part, so that it is not possible to hold the work implement 14 in the vertical position and grasp the wall of the middle structure from above. For this reason, in the excavator 1 according to the present embodiment, since the bending angle θ of the distal-side linear portion 13b by the bending portion 13c is set in a range of about (25 ± 5) degrees, Work efficiency in a wide range over the low-rise part can be improved.

  FIG. 5 is a side view showing a modification of the arm 13. As shown in FIG. 5A, the arm 13 according to the modification includes a lower arm 13 d rotatably connected to the middle arm 12 via a first support shaft 17, a base-side linear portion 13 a, The lower arm 13d and the upper arm are connected via a detachable pin 22. The upper arm has a distal-side linear portion 13b and a bent portion 13c. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, by removing the detachable pin 22, the arm 13 can be divided into a lower arm 13d and an upper arm.

  In the arm 13 according to the modified example configured in this way, the shape is determined in advance by changing the dimensional ratio of the base-side linear portion 13a and the distal-side linear portion 13b, or changing the bending angle θ of the bent portion 13c. By preparing several types of upper arms different from each other, the arm 13 can be configured by connecting an optimal upper arm to the lower arm 13d according to the height of the dismantled structure, the work content, and the like.

  The above-described embodiments are merely examples for describing the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to those embodiments. Those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various other modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydraulic excavator 2 Undercarriage 3 Upper revolving superstructure 4 Front device 9 Lower boom 10 Joint boom 11 Upper boom 12 Middle arm 13 Arm 13a Base end side linear part (linear extension part)
13b Tip-side linear portion (linear extension)
13c bending portion 13d lower arm 14 work tool 15 support shaft 16 middle arm cylinder 17 first support shaft 18 second support shaft 19 arm cylinder 20 work tool cylinder 21 cylinder bracket L straight line E ground

Claims (4)

A self-propelled vehicle body, a boom mounted on the vehicle body so as to be capable of raising and lowering, a middle arm rotatably connected to a distal end side of the boom, and a first support shaft attached to a distal end side of the middle arm. An arm rotatably connected to the arm, a working tool rotatably attached to a distal end side of the arm via a second support shaft, and an arm attached between the boom and the middle arm. A work machine comprising a middle arm cylinder, an arm cylinder attached between the middle arm and the arm, and a work implement cylinder attached between the arm and the work implement,
The arm has two linearly extending portions that are continuous at an obtuse angle via the bent portion, and the working tool cylinder is located on the linearly extending portion located on the distal end side of the bent portion. Are located along
The bent portion connects the first support shaft and the second support shaft when both the linear extension portion and the work tool located on the rear end side of the bent portion are grounded to the ground. A work machine characterized by being located above a straight line. The work machine according to claim 1,
A working machine, characterized in that a cylinder bracket for supporting one end of the working tool cylinder is provided near the bent portion. The work machine according to claim 1,
The arm is divided into a lower arm rotatably connected to the middle arm via the first support shaft, and an upper arm connected via a detachable pin to the lower arm, The work machine according to claim 1, wherein the upper arm is provided with the two linearly extending portions and the bent portion. The work machine according to claim 1,
A working machine, wherein a bending angle of the bent portion is set in a range of 25 ± 5 degrees.

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