JP2006258206A - Structure preventing shaft of constant velocity joint from coming off - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for preventing a shaft of a constant velocity joint from coming off enabling to select a specification capable of disassembling an inner parts and the shaft of the constant velocity joint or a specification not capable of disassembling the same. <P>SOLUTION: An abutment part of a stopper ring 14 formed on an insertion hole 9 is composed of first abutment surfaces 10b, 12a and second abutment surfaces 10c perpendicular to an axial direction. When the stopper ring 14 abuts on the second abutment surfaces 10c, the structure is constructed as the specification capable of disassembling. When the stopper ring 14 abuts on the first abutment surfaces 10b, 12a, the structure is constructed as the specification not capable of disassembling. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a constant velocity joint used for a constant velocity joint that transmits a rotational force at a constant speed between rotating shafts that exist in a non-linear manner, which is used in a driving system of an automobile and various industrial devices. This relates to a structure for preventing the shaft from coming off.

For constant velocity joints incorporated in the drive system of automobiles, etc., a retaining structure has been used in the past in which joint internal parts and shafts are releasably fitted in order to simplify maintenance work such as boot replacement. . The structure is such that a retaining ring having a substantially rectangular cross section is mounted in a groove formed at the end of the shaft so that an inclined surface formed at the terminal end of the spline of the internal part is brought into contact with the retaining ring. It has been proposed that the retaining ring, the groove and the inclined surface are brought into surface contact with each other to reduce the contact pressure of the retaining ring by reducing the surface pressure, thereby suppressing an increase in axial play. (Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-145065

  There is a demand to manufacture a shaft and an internal component mounting structure that cannot be disassembled once assembled, and that that can be disassembled.

  However, Patent Document 1 only discloses a structure in which the retaining ring is reduced in diameter and pulled out when a force in the pulling direction is applied to the shaft because the retaining ring contacts the inclined surface of the internal part. There was no description of how the shaft could be disassembled from the internal parts and the specifications that could not be disassembled with few components, and it was impossible to imagine.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a structure for preventing the shaft from coming out of a constant velocity joint without increasing the types of internal components and shafts and easily avoiding mixing of components.

  The structure of the constant velocity joint for preventing the shaft from slipping out of the present invention includes an internal component of the constant velocity joint having an insertion hole for fitting with the shaft, a shaft having a ring-shaped retaining ring groove, and a position in the retaining ring groove. The retaining ring can be elastically expanded and contracted, and when a force in the pulling direction is applied to the shaft, the retaining ring is formed between the abutting portion formed in the insertion hole of the internal part and the retaining ring groove. In the shaft slip-off prevention structure that prevents the shaft from slipping out by interposing it, the contact portion includes a first contact surface that does not generate a component force that reduces the diameter of the retaining ring, and a retaining ring. The second contact surface generates a component force for reducing the diameter.

  In this way, by designating the abutment position between the retaining ring and the abutment surface of the insertion hole in advance, the retaining ring is manufactured in advance. Can be selected.

  Further, the first and second contact surfaces constituting the contact portion are continuous, and the first contact surface is a plane perpendicular to the shaft pull-out direction, and the shaft is more than the second contact surface. Since the second abutment surface is an inclined surface whose inner diameter gradually decreases in the direction of pulling out the shaft, the retaining ring is formed in a continuous shape without complicating the shape of the abutment surface. A setting that does not give a component force to reduce the diameter and a setting that gives a component force to reduce the diameter of the retaining ring can be performed.

  Furthermore, the surface of the retaining ring that contacts the first contact surface of the contact portion is a surface parallel to the first contact surface, or the second contact surface of the contact portion. The surface of the retaining ring that abuts is an inclined surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases in the direction of pulling out the shaft. The shaft and internal parts are disassembled according to the shape of the retaining ring and the position of the abutting surface of the abutting part. It is possible to select a specification that can be disassembled and a specification that cannot be disassembled, and it is easy to visually determine whether the shape of the retaining ring is a specification that can be disassembled or cannot be disassembled.

  The retaining ring is provided with a surface parallel to the abutting portion of the retaining ring groove and a surface parallel to the first abutting surface, and the specification can be easily determined by the shape of the retaining ring. .

  According to the present invention, a first contact surface that does not apply a component force in the diameter reducing direction to the retaining ring and a component force in the diameter reducing direction are applied to the contact portion that contacts the retaining ring formed in the insertion hole of the internal part. Since the second abutment surface is formed and the first or second abutment surface is selectively abutted depending on the shape of the retaining ring, when the shaft and the internal part are assembled, the retaining ring is simply changed. A specification that can be disassembled and a specification that cannot be disassembled can be selected. Therefore, it is not necessary to manufacture dedicated internal parts and shafts for each specification, and assembling the specifications that can be disassembled and those that cannot be disassembled without increasing the load of parts management man-hours and costs. Can do.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the shape of the retaining ring allows selection of a specification in which the internal parts and the shaft can be disassembled and a specification that cannot be disassembled. Such a fixed type constant velocity joint will be described. In this case, the inner part is an inner ring. First, the overall structure of the inner ring and the shaft will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, then the disassembly specifications according to the shape of the retaining ring will be shown in FIGS. The description will be given with reference. For convenience of explanation, the left side in the figure indicates the left side in the figure, and the right side in the figure indicates the opposite side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fixed type constant velocity joint 1 includes an outer ring 2, an inner ring 3, a torque transmission ball 4, and a cage 5 for the torque transmission ball 4. A shaft 6 that transmits torque is fitted and attached to the inner ring 3. The constant velocity joint is not limited to the fixed type constant velocity joint 1, but may be a sliding type constant velocity joint such as a double offset type, a cross groove type, or a tripod type.

  The outer ring 2 has curved guide grooves 7 formed on the spherical inner surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The inner ring 3 has curvilinear guide grooves 8 formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on a spherical outer diameter surface. A torque transmitting ball 4 is incorporated through a cage 5 into a ball track formed by the guide groove 7 of the outer ring 2 and the guide groove 8 of the inner ring 3.

  An insertion hole 9 for fitting with the shaft 6 is formed in the inner ring 3 in the axial direction. A spline 10 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 9, and the inner ring 3 and the shaft 6 are coupled so as to be able to transmit torque by being fitted with a spline 11 formed on the shaft 6.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a hole 12 having a diameter larger than that of the insertion hole 9 is provided on the distal end side of the insertion hole 9 so that a surface 12a perpendicular to the axis continuous with the tapered portion 10a at the end of the spline 10 is formed. Forming. The taper portion 10a includes a flat surface 10b that is continuous with the right-angled surface 12a, and an inclined surface 10c that is inclined to the opposite end side.

  The right-angled surface 12a, the flat surface 10b, and the inclined surface 10c are abutting portions with respect to the retaining ring 14, and the surface 12a and the flat surface 10b perpendicular to the shaft pull-out direction are the first abutting surfaces. In addition, the inclined surface 10c whose inner diameter gradually decreases with respect to the shaft drawing direction becomes the second contact surface.

  A ring-shaped retaining ring groove 13 is formed on the tip side of the shaft 6. Both side walls of the retaining ring groove 13, that is, the tip side wall 13 a and the opposite tip side wall 13 b are formed perpendicular to the axis. A retaining ring 14 for retaining the inner ring 3 and the shaft 6 is attached to the retaining ring groove 13. The retaining ring groove 13 is configured so that the retaining ring 14 can be reduced in diameter to be smaller than the diameter of the spline 10 of the inner ring 3 when the shaft 6 is inserted into the insertion hole 9 of the inner ring 3 from the right side to the left side in FIG. 14 has a depth of penetration.

  The position of the retaining ring groove 13 on the shaft 6 only needs to be within the length of the insertion hole 9 in a state where the inner ring 3 and the shaft 6 are assembled, and is the position where the spline 11 ends at the tip of the shaft 6. Also good.

  The wall 13b on the opposite end side of the retaining ring groove 13 serves as a contact portion for pushing the retaining ring 14 in the insertion direction when the shaft 6 is inserted into the insertion hole 9. Further, the distal end side wall 13a serves as a contact portion for pushing the retaining ring 14 in the pulling direction when the shaft 6 is pulled out. The dimensions between the walls 13a, 13b provide play that can move slightly when the shaft 6 moves in the pulling direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the retaining ring 14 has a ring shape with a part cut away, and enters the retaining ring groove 13 with a reduced diameter. A part of the retaining ring 14 protrudes outward from the outer diameter of the shaft 6 (the outer diameter including the spline 11) in a state where a force of reducing the diameter is not applied.

  The shaft 6 is attached to the inner ring 3 by inserting the retaining ring 14 into the retaining ring groove 13 and inserting the shaft 6 into the insertion hole 9 with the retaining ring 14 having a reduced diameter. At this time, the retaining ring 14 slides and moves while elastically contacting the inner diameter of the spline 10 of the insertion hole 9.

  When the tip end of the shaft 6 reaches a position where the end of the shaft 6 passes through the insertion hole 9 (substantially no contact with the spline 10), the end 9a on the opposite end side of the insertion hole 9 is a part 6a of the shaft 6. Is prevented from being inserted. In order to restrict the insertion allowance of the shaft 6, a retaining ring may be attached separately so that the retaining ring abuts against the opposite end side of the insertion hole 9 to prevent further insertion.

  When the insertion of the shaft 6 into the insertion hole 9 is stopped, the retaining ring 14 is positioned in the hole 12 having a large diameter after coming out of contact with the spline 10 and is expanded by elasticity. When the diameter of the retaining ring 14 is increased, the outer peripheral surface side of the retaining ring 14 comes into contact with the peripheral wall of the hole 12 by elastic force, and the shaft 6 is attached to the inner ring 3.

  In this state, the retaining ring 14 is not completely expanded, but is in contact with the peripheral wall of the hole 12 and the surface 10c, and only partially protrudes from the outer diameter of the shaft 6 (state in FIG. 2). That is, as is apparent from FIG. 2, the splines 10 and 11 are positioned within the fitting range when viewed in the radial direction.

  Although various cross-sectional shapes are employed for the retaining ring 14, the retaining ring 14 is roughly classified into two types, one having specifications that allow the inner ring 3 and the shaft 6 to be disassembled and one that cannot be disassembled.

  Since the retaining ring 14 for selecting the disassembly specification only needs to generate a force for reducing the diameter of the retaining ring 14, as shown in FIG. 2, the cross-sectional shape is circular and the inclined surface 10c (second It is only necessary to be in contact with the contact surface.

  When a force in the pulling direction (the direction of arrow B in FIG. 2) is applied to the shaft 6, the shaft 6 slightly moves in parallel to the right side in the drawing (the wall 13a on the tip side of the retaining ring groove 13 and the wall 13b on the opposite tip side). And move within the range of play formed by). Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the right upper surface of the retaining ring 14 comes into contact with the inclined surface 10c, and the component force F acts in the direction of reducing the diameter of the retaining ring 14. As a result, the retaining ring 14 slides on the wall 13a on the distal end side and enters the retaining ring groove 13, and is reduced in diameter from the small diameter of the spline 10 of the insertion hole 9 as shown in FIG. Can be pulled out.

  As a modification of the cross-sectional shape of the retaining ring 14, the specification can be disassembled even if it is a square as shown in FIG. 5. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, if an inclined surface 14a that contacts the inclined surface 10c is formed, a component force that reduces the diameter of the retaining ring 14 is generated. It doesn't have to be. However, in order not to mix the retaining ring 14 at the production site, it is desirable to adopt a circular cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.

  Further, the retaining ring 14 when selecting a specification that cannot be disassembled may be such that a force for reducing the diameter of the retaining ring 14 is not generated, and as shown in FIG. The parallel surface 14c may be in contact with the flat surface 10b (first contact surface) and the right-angled surface 12a (first contact surface) of the insertion hole 9.

  When a force in the pulling direction (the direction of arrow B in FIG. 6) is applied to the shaft 6, the shaft 6 slightly moves in parallel to the right side in the drawing (the wall 13a on the tip side of the retaining ring groove 13 and the wall 13b on the opposite tip side). The parallel surface 14c on the right upper surface of the retaining ring 14 abuts the flat surface 10b of the insertion hole 9 and the perpendicular surface 12a, and the retaining ring groove 13 The surface 14b parallel to the tip-side wall 13a that is a contact portion comes into contact with the retaining ring 14, and the reaction force F of the shaft is received vertically, so that a component force that reduces the diameter of the retaining ring 14 is generated. Therefore, the shaft 6 cannot be pulled out from the inner ring 3.

  Variations of the retaining ring 14 that cannot be disassembled are shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to 7 (f). The retaining ring 14 is basically square in cross section and has the same surfaces 14b and 14c as in FIG. 6, but an inclined surface 14d and an arc surface 14e are formed at the other corners. That is, FIG. 7A shows a retaining ring 14 in which an inclined surface 14d is formed at the top corner on the tip side. (B) is a retaining ring 14 in which an inclined surface 14d is formed at the lower corner portion on the tip side. (C) is a retaining ring 14 having an inclined surface 14d formed at the lower corner portion on the opposite end side. (D) is a retaining ring 14 in which an inclined surface 14d is formed at the lower corner of the tip side and the opposite tip side. (E) is a retaining ring 14 whose bottom surface is an arcuate surface 14e. (F) is a retaining ring 14 formed with a surface 14c parallel to the upper corner on the opposite end side and an inclined surface 14d continuous with the surface 14c. The inclined surface 14d and the arcuate surface 14e have shapes that do not contact the wall 13a on the tip side of the retaining ring groove 13, the right-angled surface 10b, the right-angled surface 12a, and the inclined surface 10c.

  In this way, it is possible to determine whether the shaft 6 and the inner ring 3 can be disassembled or not disassembled from the external shape of the retaining ring 14, so that it can be easily performed without special shape processing in the retaining ring groove or insertion hole. The required specifications can be satisfied. Therefore, by making sure that the retaining ring 14 is managed, parts management can be simplified without making a mistake in the assembly line.

  Further, the position of the retaining ring groove 13 may be anywhere within the range of the insertion hole 9 of the inner ring 3 in a state where the inner ring 3 and the shaft 6 are assembled. For example, as shown in FIGS. It is also possible to provide a groove 15 in the middle of this, and make this groove 15 and the retaining ring groove 13 face each other so that a part of the retaining ring 14 enters the groove 15. In this case, the structure of the retaining ring groove 13 is the same, and the contact portion on the inner ring 3 side becomes the wall 15a on the opposite end side of the groove 15, so that the wall 15a includes a surface 15b perpendicular to the axial direction and an inclined surface 15c. By doing so, the same effect can be obtained.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the constant velocity joint which shows embodiment of this invention. It is the A section enlarged view of FIG. It is a perspective view of the retaining ring of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the shaft drawing-out state equivalent to FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the case where the shape of the retaining ring equivalent to FIG. 2 differs. It is sectional drawing which shows the specification which the shaft and inner ring | wheel equivalent to FIG. 2 cannot disassemble. (A) It is sectional drawing of the retaining ring which formed the inclined surface in the front end side upper corner part equivalent to FIG. (B) It is sectional drawing of the retaining ring which formed the inclined surface in the front end side lower corner part equivalent to FIG. (C) It is sectional drawing of the retaining ring which formed the inclined surface in the counter-corner side lower corner part equivalent to FIG. (D) It is sectional drawing of the retaining ring which formed the inclined surface in the lower corner corner part of the front end side equivalent to FIG. (E) It is sectional drawing of the retaining ring which made the lower surface side equivalent to FIG. 6 into the circular arc surface. (F) It is sectional drawing of the retaining ring which formed the surface at right angles to the anti-tip side upper corner part equivalent to FIG. 6, and the inclined surface. It is sectional drawing which made the position of the retaining ring groove | channel which shows the state which a shaft and an inner ring | wheel can be disassembled into the center of a shaft. It is sectional drawing which made the position of the retaining ring groove | channel which shows the state which a shaft and an inner ring | wheel cannot be disassembled into the center of a shaft.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Constant velocity joint 3 Inner ring 6 Shaft 9 Insertion hole 10,11 Spline 10a Tapered part 10b Right angle surface (1st contact surface)
10c Inclined surface (second contact surface)
12a Right angle surface (first contact surface)
13 Retaining Ring Groove 13a Tip Side Wall (Contact Part)
14 Retaining rings 14b, 14c Parallel surface 15 Groove 15b Right-angle surface (first contact surface)
15c Inclined surface (second contact surface)

Claims (5)

An internal component of a constant velocity joint having an insertion hole for fitting with a shaft;
It consists of a shaft having a ring-shaped retaining ring groove and a retaining ring that can be expanded and contracted elastically located in the retaining ring groove,
When a force in the pulling direction is applied to the shaft, the retaining ring is interposed between the abutting part formed in the insertion hole of the internal part and the retaining ring groove so that the shaft is prevented from coming off. In the prevention structure,
The contact portion is configured by a first contact surface that does not generate a component force that reduces the diameter of the retaining ring and a second contact surface that generates a component force that reduces the diameter of the retaining ring. Features a structure to prevent the shaft from coming out of the constant velocity joint.   The first and second contact surfaces constituting the contact portion are continuous, and the first contact surface is a plane perpendicular to the shaft drawing direction and farther from the shaft than the second contact surface. 2. The structure for preventing a shaft from coming out of the constant velocity joint according to claim 1, wherein the second contact surface is an inclined surface having an inner diameter that gradually decreases toward a drawing direction of the shaft.   The shaft of the constant velocity joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the retaining ring that contacts the first contact surface of the contact portion is a surface parallel to the first contact surface. Construction.   The surface of the retaining ring that comes into contact with the second contact surface of the contact portion is an inclined surface whose outer diameter gradually decreases in the direction in which the shaft is pulled out. Structure to prevent shaft from coming out of constant velocity joint.   The shaft of the constant velocity joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the retaining ring is provided with a surface parallel to the contact portion of the retaining ring groove and a surface parallel to the first contact surface. Construction.

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