JP2006255887A - Tool, transmission, machine tool and tool management system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tool capable of driving a machining tool mechanically independently from a power supply source and transmitting and receiving information between the tool and the other apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: The tool 61 has a cutting tool 100 machining a workpiece, an electric motor 80 driving the cutting tool 100, a power generator 70 generating power driving the electric motor 80 by motive power supplied from a spindle 46, a processing circuit 150 which is operated by the power supplied from the power generator 70, and generates information related to the machining of the workpiece by the cutting tool 100, and a transmitting/receiving circuit 140 which is operated by the power supplied from the power generator 70, and transmits a radio signal showing the information related to the machining of the workpiece by the cutting tool 100. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a tool for machining a workpiece, a transmission, a machine tool, and a management system.

For example, in a machine tool equipped with a main shaft such as a machining center, the maximum rotation speed of the main shaft is determined by the structure of the main bearing that holds the main shaft rotatably and the lubrication method. When it is desired to rotate the tool, for example, a speed increasing device is used.
As the speed increasing device, for example, a device that holds a tool and can be attached to and detached from the main shaft, and increases the rotational speed of the tool by increasing the rotational force of the main shaft by a gear mechanism such as a planetary gear mechanism is known. ing.
For example, in a machining center, when it is desired to temporarily increase the rotational speed of the tool beyond the maximum rotational speed of the main spindle, the speed increasing device as described above is applied to the main spindle by an automatic tool changer in the same manner as a normal tool. The tool is rotated at a high rotational speed.

By the way, when the tool is increased from the rotational speed of the main shaft by the speed increasing device using the gear mechanism as described above, if the tool is rotated at an ultra high speed of several tens of thousands to several hundred thousand, the heat generation of the speed increasing device increases. , May affect the processing accuracy. In addition, at ultra high speed rotation of several tens of thousands to several hundred thousand rotations, noise from the speed increasing device also increases. Furthermore, since the speed increasing device has a highly reliable structure that can withstand, for example, tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of rotations, there is a disadvantage that the manufacturing cost is relatively increased.
As another speed increasing method, there is a case where a high frequency motor is used as a motor for driving the main shaft, a driving current is supplied from a control device specially prepared for the high frequency motor, and the main shaft is rotated at a high speed. However, this method has the disadvantage that it is difficult to change the tool in the same way as a normal tool, and the equipment cost is relatively high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and it is possible to drive a tool processing tool mechanically independently from a power supply source between a tool and another device. A tool, a transmission, a machine tool, and a tool management system capable of transmitting and receiving information are provided.

  A tool according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a processing tool for processing a workpiece, an electric motor for driving the processing tool, and a generator that generates electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source. And a processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and generates information related to the processing of the workpiece by the processing tool, and the information that is generated by the processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator. And a transmission circuit for transmitting a radio signal indicating.

  A tool according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a processing tool that processes a workpiece, an electric motor that drives the processing tool, and a generator that generates electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source. And a receiver circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and receives a radio signal indicating information related to the processing of the workpiece by the processing tool, and operates by the power generated by the generator and is received by the receiver circuit. And a processing circuit that controls supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on the received information.

  Preferably, the generator generates power by rotating the input shaft by the pressure of the fluid of the power supply source.

  A transmission according to a third aspect of the present invention generates electric power for driving the electric motor by a rotating shaft on which a processing tool is mounted, an electric motor for driving the rotating shaft, and power supplied from a power supply source. A generator that operates with the power generated by the generator and generates information related to machining of the workpiece by the processing tool, and operates with the power generated by the generator and is generated by the processing circuit. And a transmission circuit for transmitting a radio signal indicating the information.

  A transmission according to a fourth aspect of the present invention generates electric power for driving the electric motor by a rotating shaft on which a processing tool is mounted, an electric motor for driving the rotating shaft, and power supplied from a power supply source. A generator that operates with the power generated by the generator, a reception circuit that receives a radio signal indicating information related to processing of the workpiece by the processing tool, and operates with the power generated by the generator, And a processing circuit that controls supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on information received by the receiving circuit.

  A machine tool according to a fifth aspect of the present invention includes a main shaft, a transmission that can be attached to and detached from the main shaft, and a power supply source that can supply power to the transmission, and the transmission includes a rotated object. An electric motor that drives the electric motor by the power supplied from the power supply source, information that is operated by the electric power generated by the generator, and that is related to the rotation of the rotating object And a transmission circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and transmits a radio signal indicating the information generated by the processing circuit.

  A machine tool according to a sixth aspect of the present invention includes a main shaft, a transmission that can be attached to and detached from the main shaft, and a power supply source that can supply power to the transmission, and the transmission includes a rotated object. An electric motor that drives the electric motor by the power supplied from the power supply source, information that is operated by the electric power generated by the generator, and that is related to the rotation of the rotating object A reception circuit that receives a radio signal indicating the power supply, and a processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and that controls the supply of power from the generator to the motor based on information received by the reception circuit; Have

  A tool management system according to a seventh aspect of the present invention includes a processing tool for processing a workpiece, an electric motor for driving the processing tool, and a generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source. A processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and generates information related to processing of the workpiece by the processing tool, and the information that is generated by the processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator. A tool having a transmission circuit that transmits a radio signal indicating the above, and a management device that is provided independently of the tool, receives the information transmitted from the transmission circuit, and manages the information Have.

  A tool management system according to an eighth aspect of the present invention includes a processing tool that processes a workpiece, an electric motor that drives the processing tool, and a generator that generates electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source. A receiving circuit that receives a radio signal indicating information related to processing of the workpiece by the processing tool, and a processing circuit that controls supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on the information received by the receiving circuit And a management device that is provided independently of the tool and transmits the information to the receiving circuit.

  According to the present invention, the tool tool can be driven independently of the power supply source, and information can be transmitted and received between the tool and other devices.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a machining center as an example of a machine tool to which the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 1, the machining center 1 includes a cross rail 37 that is supported movably at both ends by respective shafts of a portal column 38, and a saddle 44 that is movably supported on the cross rail 37. A ram 45 is provided to be movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

A screw portion (not shown) is formed in the saddle 44 through the inside of the cross rail 37 in the horizontal direction, and the feed screw shaft 41 is screwed into the screw portion.
A servo motor 19 is connected to one end of the feed screw shaft 41, and the feed screw shaft 41 is rotationally driven by the servo motor 19.
The saddle 44 can be moved in the Y-axis direction by the rotational drive of the feed screw shaft 41, thereby moving and positioning the ram 45 in the Y-axis direction.

Further, the saddle 44 is formed with a screw portion (not shown) in the vertical direction, and the feed screw shaft 42 is screwed into the screw portion. The servo motor 20 is connected to the end of the feed screw shaft 42.
The feed screw shaft 42 is rotationally driven by the servo motor 20, whereby the ram 45 movably provided on the saddle 44 is moved and positioned in the Z-axis direction.

A main shaft motor 31 is built in the ram 45, and the main shaft motor 31 rotationally drives a main shaft 46 held rotatably by the ram 45.
A tool T such as an end mill is attached to the tip of the main shaft 46, and the tool T is driven by the rotation of the main shaft 46.
A table 35 is provided below the ram 45 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. A screw portion (not shown) is formed on the table 35, and a feed screw shaft (not shown) provided along the X-axis direction is screwed to the table 35, and the servo motor 18 is connected to the feed screw shaft (not shown). Has been.
The table 35 is moved and positioned in the X-axis direction by the rotational drive of the servo motor 18.

  The two portal columns 38 are formed with unillustrated screw portions, respectively, and the cross rail 37 is moved up and down by rotationally driving a feed screw shaft 32a that is screwed to the gate column 38 by the cross rail lifting motor 32. To do.

An automatic tool changer (ATC) 39 automatically changes various tools T with respect to the main shaft 46.
The automatic tool changer 39 stores, for example, various tools T held by a tool holder in a magazine (not shown), and stores the tool T mounted on the spindle 46 in the magazine by a tool change arm (not shown). A simple tool T is mounted on the spindle 46 by a tool changing arm.

The NC device 51 performs drive control of the servo motors 18, 19, 20, the cross rail lifting / lowering motor 32, and the spindle motor 31.
Specifically, the NC device 51 performs position and speed control between the tool T and the workpiece by the servo motors 18, 19, and 20 in accordance with a workpiece machining procedure defined in advance by the NC program. The NC device 51 controls the rotational speed of the main shaft 46 by decoding the rotational speed of the main shaft 31 defined by, for example, the S code in the NC program.
Further, the NC device 51 executes automatic exchange of various tools T by decoding the operation of exchanging the tool T defined by the M code in the NC program, for example.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the tool of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, the tool 61 includes a mounting portion 62, a case 65 including case members 66, 67 and 68, a generator 70, an electric motor 80, a cutting tool 100, and a secondary battery 110.
Here, the mounting portion 62 is an embodiment of the mounting portion of the present invention, the generator 70 is an embodiment of the generator of the present invention, the electric motor 80 is an embodiment of the electric motor of the present invention, and the cutting tool 100 is the present embodiment. It is an embodiment of the processing tool of the invention, and the secondary battery 110 is an embodiment of the secondary battery of the present invention. The main shaft 46 on which the tool 61 is mounted is an embodiment of the power supply source of the present invention. The part excluding the cutting tool 100 from the tool 61 is an embodiment of the transmission of the present invention.

  The mounting portion 62 includes a gripping portion 62a to be gripped, a taper shank portion 62b to be mounted on the taper sleeve 46a formed at the tip portion of the main shaft 46, and a clamp formed at the tip portion of the taper shank portion 62b. A portion 62c and a shaft portion 62d that is rotatably held by the case member 66 are provided.

  The gripping portion 62a of the mounting portion 62 is moved from the magazine of the automatic tool changer 39 to the main shaft 46 by the tool changing arm of the automatic tool changer 39 and from the main shaft 46 to the magazine of the automatic tool changer 39. Grasped when transported.

  The taper shank portion 62 b of the mounting portion 62 is mounted on the taper sleeve 46 a of the main shaft 46 so that the central axis is concentric with the central axis of the main shaft 46.

  When the mounting portion 62 is mounted on the tapered sleeve 46 a of the main shaft 46, the clamp portion 62 c of the mounting portion 62 is clamped by a clamp mechanism (not shown) built in the main shaft 46. The clamping mechanism built in the main shaft 46 is a well-known technique and will not be described in detail.

  The shaft portion 62 d of the mounting portion 62 is rotatably held on the inner periphery of the case member 66 via a plurality of rolling bearings 72.

A generator 70 and an electric motor 80 are held on the inner periphery of the case member 67 via a holding member 73.
An antenna 141 connected to a transmission / reception circuit 140 described later is provided on the outer periphery of the case member 67.
In the generator 70, the input shaft 71 is concentrically connected to the shaft portion 62 d of the mounting portion 62, and the rotational force of the main shaft 46 is input to the generator 70 via the mounting portion 62.
As the generator 70, for example, a three-phase synchronous generator can be used.

The electric motor 80 is supplied with electric power generated by the electric generator 70 through a conductive cable (not shown). The electric motor 80 is driven by electric power supplied from the generator 70.
An output shaft 81 of the electric motor 80 is connected to the rotating shaft 90 by a coupling 87.
As the electric motor 80, for example, a three-phase induction motor can be used.

The rotating shaft 90 is rotatably held on the inner periphery of the case member 68 via a plurality of rolling bearings 92.
The distal end side of the rotation shaft 90 is prevented from being detached from the case member 68 by a retaining member 94.
In addition, a tool mounting portion 95 on which the above-described tool is mounted is provided at the distal end portion of the rotating shaft 90.

The cutting tool 100 is held by a tool mounting portion 95, and the cutting tool 100 processes a workpiece.
The cutting tool 100 is specifically various kinds of cutting tools such as a drill and an end mill.

Case members 66, 67 and 68 are connected by fastening means such as bolts, for example, and these case members 66, 67 and 68 constitute case 65.
An anti-rotation member 85 is provided on the outer periphery of the case member 66.
When the mounting portion 62 is mounted on the taper sleeve 46a of the main shaft 46, the anti-rotation member 85 has a leading end 85a in a fitting hole 47a formed in the non-rotating portion 47 such as the ram 45 on the main shaft 46 side. Is inserted.
Thereby, the rotation of the case member 66, that is, the case 65 is restricted even if the main shaft 46 rotates.

  The secondary battery 110 is fixed inside the case member 67. The secondary battery 110 charges part of the power generated by the generator 70. As the secondary battery 110, for example, a nickel cadmium secondary battery can be used. In addition, nickel-hydrogen or lithium secondary batteries or small lead-acid batteries can be used.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an electrical system configuration of the tool 61 and a configuration of a tool management system using the tool 61. As shown in FIG.
In FIG. 3, a tool 61 includes the above-described generator 70, electric motor 80, and secondary battery 110, and also includes a charging circuit 120, a processing circuit 150, and a transmission / reception circuit 140.
The tool management system according to the present embodiment includes a tool 61 and a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer) 400.

The charging circuit 120 charges the secondary battery 110 with a part of the electric power generated by the generator 70. The charging circuit 120 includes a rectifying circuit that rectifies the AC voltage generated by the generator 70, a smoothing circuit that smoothes ripples included in the output voltage of the rectifying circuit, and converts the ripple to an appropriate voltage for the secondary battery 110, and the like. Consists of
The secondary battery 110 supplies the electric power charged by the charging circuit 120 to the power supply unit 160 including the processing circuit 150 and the transmission circuit 140. Note that power may be supplied directly from the rectifier circuit or the smoothing circuit of the charging circuit 120 to the power receiver 160 including the processing circuit 150, the transmission circuit 140, and the like.

The processing circuit 150 is operated by electric power supplied from the secondary battery 110 and processes information related to workpiece processing by the cutting tool 100.
Here, the information related to the processing of the workpiece by the cutting tool 100 includes, for example, tool information having a predetermined format for identifying a tool, monitoring information of the generator 70 and the electric motor 80 being processed by the cutting tool 100, and the like. It is.
The tool information is information such as the type of a tool such as a drill or an end mill, dimensions such as the diameter and length of the tool, and a correction number.
The monitoring information is information such as whether the generator 70 and the electric motor 80 are disconnected or short-circuited or overloaded, for example.
The processing circuit 150 first generates the tool information having a predetermined format. Further, the processing circuit 150 detects, for example, the generated current 70s of the generator 70 and the driving current 80s of the electric motor 80, and monitors whether there is an abnormality in the electric generator 70 or the electric motor 80 based on these detection information. The monitoring information is also added to the tool information having a predetermined format and sent to the transmission / reception circuit 140.

  The transmission / reception circuit 140 transmits the data from the processing circuit 150 to the personal computer 400 from the antenna 141 as a radio signal.

  The charging circuit 120, the processing circuit 150, and the transmission / reception circuit 140 can be built in the case 65 of the tool 61. The charging circuit 120, the processing circuit 150, and the transmission / reception circuit 140 can be housed in a box and externally attached to the outside of the case 65. Further, the case 65 may be formed with irregularities so as to accommodate the charging circuit 120, the processing circuit 150, and the transmission / reception circuit 140.

The personal computer 400 includes an antenna 401 and receives data from the antenna 141. The personal computer 400 has a built-in utility program for monitoring and managing the tool 61 from the received data. The personal computer 400 is an embodiment of the management apparatus of the present invention.
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the personal computer 400 is connected to the NC device 51, and when abnormality such as failure occurs in the tool 61, the abnormality information is transmitted to the NC device 51.

Here, an example of operation | movement of the tool 61 of the said structure is demonstrated.
When the tool 61 holding the cutting tool 100 in the tool mounting portion 95 is mounted on the main shaft 46 of the machining center 1 by the automatic tool changer 39, the tool 61 is inserted into the fitting hole of the non-rotating portion 47 in the tip end portion 85 a of the rotation preventing member 85. The rotation of the case 65 is restricted by being fitted and inserted into 47a.

From this state, when the main shaft 46 is rotated at the rotational speed N ₀ , the mounting portion 62 of the tool 61 rotates, and the rotational force of the main shaft 46 is transmitted to the generator 70.
For example, when a three-phase synchronous generator is used as the generator 70, three-phase AC power is generated.
A part of the three-phase AC power is charged into the secondary battery 110 by the charging circuit 120.

The frequency f of the three-phase AC power generated by the three-phase synchronous generator is given by the following equation (1), assuming that the number of poles of the three-phase synchronous generator is P ₁ and the rotational speed of the main shaft 46 is N ₀ [rpm]. expressed.

[Equation 1]
_{f = P 1 × N 0/} 120 [Hz] ... (1)

Therefore, when the main shaft 46 is rotated at the rotational speed N ₀ , three-phase AC power having the frequency f expressed by the above equation (1) is supplied to the motor 80.

Here, when using the electric motor 80 three-phase induction motor, since the number of poles of the three-phase induction motor when the P _2, a three-phase induction motor to 2 / P ₂ rotate in one cycle of the three-phase alternating current, The synchronous speed N ₁ of the three-phase induction motor when there is no slip is expressed by the following equation (2).

[Equation 2]
N ₁ = 120 × f / P ₂ [rpm] (2)

Thus, the rotational speed N ₁ of the tool with respect to the rotational speed N ₀ of the spindle 46 is represented by the following formula (3).

[Equation 3]
N ₁ = N ₀ × P ₁ / P ₂ [rpm] (3)

As can be seen from the equation (3), the rotational speed N ₀ of the main shaft 46 is shifted to the rotational speed N ₁ represented by the above expression (3).
As shown by the equation (3), the rotation of the tool with respect to the rotational speed N ₀ of the main shaft 46 is appropriately set by appropriately setting the ratio between the number of poles P ₁ of the three-phase synchronous generator and the number of poles P ₂ of the three-phase induction motor. It can be seen that the speed ratio of the speed N ₁ is arbitrarily set.
That is, when it is desired to increase the rotational speed N ₀ of the main shaft 46, the pole number ratio P ₁ / P ₂
Is set to be larger than 1, and when the speed is to be reduced, the number of poles P ₁ of the three-phase synchronous generator and the number of poles P ₂ of the three-phase induction motor are set in advance so that the pole number ratio P ₁ / P ₂ is smaller than _1. Just choose.

For example, assuming that the maximum rotation speed Nmax of the main shaft 46 of the machining center 1 is 3000 rpm, the rotation speed of the main shaft 46 is sufficient in the range of the maximum rotation speed Nmax in machining a workpiece using a normal tool. There are many cases.
On the other hand, when the machining center 1 having a maximum rotation speed Nmax of the spindle 46 of 3000 rpm is used and, for example, an aluminum alloy material is used for the workpiece and it is desired to perform high speed machining, the rotation speed of the tool is increased to 30000 rpm, for example. Sometimes you want to.
For such a case, the tool 61 is previously stored in the magazine of the automatic tool changer 39 of the machining center 1. The tool 61 incorporates a three-phase synchronous generator and a three-phase induction motor having the pole number ratio P ₁ / P ₂ of 10 so that the speed increase ratio is 10.

The automatic tool changer 39 automatically attaches the tool 61 to the spindle 46 in the same manner as a normal tool.
The main shaft 46 is rotated by driving the main shaft motor 31. The rotation speed of the tool held by the tool 61 is controlled by the rotation speed of the main shaft 46. That is, in the NC program downloaded to the NC device 51, the rotational speed of the cutting tool 100 of the tool 61 is defined by designating the rotational speed of the main spindle 46 with an S code.
For example, when it is desired to rotate the cutting tool 100 of the tool 61 at 30000 rpm, the rotational speed of the main shaft 46 is designated as 3000 rpm by the S code in the NC program.

When the main shaft 46 is rotated at 3000 rpm, the generator 70 generates a three-phase alternating current having a frequency corresponding to the rotational speed of the main shaft 46 and the number of poles P ₁ .
The electric motor 80 is driven by the three-phase alternating current supplied from the generator 70, and the cutting tool 100 of the tool 61 rotates at a rotational speed of approximately 30000 rpm.
As a result, even if the machining center 1 in which the maximum rotation speed Nmax of the spindle is limited and an aluminum alloy material is used for the workpiece, high-speed machining can be performed.

On the other hand, the processing circuit 150 and the transmission / reception circuit 140 are operable when the secondary battery 110 is charged.
When the processing circuit 150 becomes operable, the processing circuit 150 generates tool information with a predetermined format and transmits the tool information to the transmission / reception circuit 140.
The transmission / reception circuit 140 transmits tool information having a predetermined format to the personal computer 400.

When an abnormality occurs in the generator 70 or the electric motor 80 during machining of the workpiece by the cutting tool 100, the abnormality information is transmitted to the personal computer 400 in addition to the tool information.
Further, if the secondary battery 110 is charged, the processing circuit 150 and the transmission / reception circuit 140 send various data such as tool information and abnormality information to the personal computer 400 even after the rotation of the main shaft 46 is stopped. Transmission is possible.

  For example, when the personal computer 400 acquires the abnormality information from the transmission / reception circuit 140, the personal computer 400 transmits the abnormality information to the NC device 51. When the abnormality information is sent, the NC device 51 controls the automatic tool changer 39 so that the tool 61 is removed from the spindle 46 of the machining center 1.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the generator 70 and the motor 80 are built in the tool 61 that is unitized in the same manner as a normal tool, and the motor 80 is driven by the electric power generated by the generator 70. In order to increase the rotational speed of the tool with respect to the main shaft 46, even if the main shaft 46 is rotated at a high speed, heat generation does not increase unlike the gear device, and a reduction in machining accuracy is suppressed.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, since the secondary battery 110 is built in the unitized tool 61 and the electric power stored in the secondary battery 110 can be used for the power supply unit 160 other than the electric motor 80, the tool Various circuits built in or added to 61 can be operated regardless of the rotation of the main shaft 46, and data can be transmitted and received even while the main shaft 46 is stopped.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, by collecting information from the tool 61 by the personal computer 400, comprehensive management including the tool information and abnormality information of the tool 61 becomes possible.

Second Embodiment FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of an electric system of a tool and a configuration of a tool management system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The mechanical structure of the tool according to this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above.
In the first embodiment described above, the rotational speed of the cutting tool 100 of the tool 61 is controlled by the rotational speed of the main shaft 46, that is, the input rotational speed of the generator 70. However, in this embodiment, the generator 70 is controlled. A configuration in which the blade 100 can be independently driven and controlled regardless of the input rotation speed will be described.
Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the personal computer 400 only receives data from the tool 61, but in this embodiment, a configuration in which data can be transmitted and received between the personal computer 400 and the tool will be described. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the tool according to the present embodiment includes a generator 70 and an electric motor 80 made of an AC generator, a rectifier circuit 200, a power reverse conversion circuit 210, a charging circuit 120, and a power supply. Unit 160.
In addition, the rectifier circuit 200, the power reverse conversion circuit 210, the charging circuit 120, and the power receiver 160 are built in the case 65. Any or all of the rectifier circuit 200, the power reverse conversion circuit 210, the charging circuit 120, and the power receiver 160 may be housed in a box, and the box may be attached to a non-rotating portion outside the case 65. . Further, the case 65 may be formed with irregularities so as to accommodate the rectifier circuit 200, the power reverse conversion circuit 210, the charging circuit 120, and the power receiver 160.

  The rectifier circuit 200 rectifies the alternating current generated by the generator 70 into a direct current and supplies the direct current to the power reverse conversion circuit 210.

  The power reverse conversion circuit 210 is an inverter that converts a direct current supplied from the rectifier circuit 200 into an alternating current necessary for driving the electric motor 80, and is configured by, for example, a PWM inverter.

The charging circuit 120 charges the secondary battery 110 with a part of the electric power generated by the generator 70. The charging circuit 120 includes a rectifying circuit that rectifies the AC voltage generated by the generator 70, a smoothing circuit that smoothes ripples included in the output voltage of the rectifying circuit, and converts the ripple to an appropriate voltage for the secondary battery 110, and the like. Consists of
The secondary battery 110 supplies the power charged by the charging circuit 120 to the power receiver 160. Note that power may be directly supplied to the power receiver 160 from the rectifier circuit or the smoothing circuit of the charging circuit 120.

The power supply unit 160 includes a processing circuit unit 304 and a transmission / reception circuit 140, and operates by power supplied from the secondary battery 110.
The transmission / reception circuit 140 transmits / receives a wireless signal indicating information related to workpiece processing by the cutting tool 100 to / from the personal computer 400.

  The processing circuit unit 304 is a place for processing information related to workpiece processing by the cutting tool 100, and includes a microprocessor 305, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 306, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 307, a counter circuit 308, and the like. , An A / D conversion circuit 310 and a D / A conversion circuit 309.

The ROM 306 stores and holds a control program for performing drive control of the electric motor 80, for example, variable speed control of the electric motor 80 by vector control. The ROM 306 stores and holds programs for generating tool information in a predetermined format, monitoring tool abnormalities, programs for transmitting / receiving various data to / from the transmission / reception circuit 140, and the like. is doing.
The RAM 307 stores and holds data necessary for the operation of the microprocessor 305, data transmitted from the transmission / reception circuit 140, and the like.

  The microprocessor 305 executes a program stored in the ROM 306, performs various calculations, outputs a control signal 304 s to the power reverse conversion circuit 303 via the D / A conversion circuit 309, and transmits data to the transmission / reception circuit 140. And processing such as receiving data from the transmission / reception circuit 140. The control signal 304s is, for example, a PWM control signal.

  The A / D conversion circuit 310 converts the current value supplied from the power reverse conversion circuit 210 detected by the current detector 312 to the electric motor 80 into a digital signal and outputs the digital signal to the microprocessor 305.

The electric motor 80 is provided with a rotational position detector 311. For the rotational position detector 311, for example, an optical rotary encoder or a resolver is used. .
The counter circuit 308 counts a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation amount of the electric motor 80 detected by the rotational position detector 311 and outputs the pulse signal to the microprocessor 305.

When the tool 61 is mounted on the main shaft 46 and the main shaft 46 rotates, the secondary battery 110 is charged with electric power from the charging circuit 120. As a result, the power receiver 160 can operate with the power supplied from the secondary battery 110.
Since the rotation amount and drive current of the motor 80 are fed back to the processing circuit unit 304, various drive controls of the motor 80 can be performed by preparing a required control program in the ROM 306 of the processing circuit unit 304 in advance. It becomes.
The control program can also be transmitted from the personal computer 400 to the tool 61, received by the transmission / reception circuit 140, and stored in the RAM 307.

The microprocessor 305 of the processing circuit unit 304 generates tool information in a predetermined format and transmits this tool information to the personal computer 400 through the transmission / reception circuit 140. The personal computer 400 manages this tool information.
Further, since the rotational position information and driving current information of the electric motor 80 are fed back to the microprocessor 305, it is possible to sequentially transmit these pieces of information to the personal computer 400 together with the tool information.
The personal computer 400 can monitor the rotational speed, torque, and the like of the tool 500. For example, it is possible to detect tool breakage or the like in real time from the various monitored data. Further, the usage time of the tool 500 can be easily managed.

  Further, the microprocessor 305 of the processing circuit unit 304 monitors the state of the AC generator 70 and the electric motor 80 and transmits the abnormality information to the personal computer 400 when an abnormality occurs. When acquiring the abnormality information, the personal computer 400 transmits the abnormality information to the NC device 51. When the abnormality information is sent, the NC device 51 controls the automatic tool changer 39 so that the tool 500 is removed from the spindle 46 of the machining center 1.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to drive and control the tool 61 independently of the main shaft 46 by providing the processing circuit unit 304 with a program for driving and controlling the tool 61.
Further, by sending a program from the personal computer 400 to the tool 61 and sending various status information during machining from the tool 61 to the personal computer 400, the tool 61 can be precisely and highly managed. Become.

In the embodiment described above, the anti-rotation member 85 is provided in the case 65 so that the attachment portion 62 is attached to the main shaft 46 and the rotational force is transmitted to the generator 70. However, the anti-rotation member 85 is provided. Alternatively, the tool 61 may be provided with a mounting portion for mounting the tool 61 on the main shaft side and a transmission portion for transmitting the rotational force to the generator 70 separately.
In the above-described embodiment, the cutting tool 100 is used as the processing tool. However, other processing tools can be applied.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the tool of the present invention is applied to the main spindle of a machine tool has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the main spindle and can be applied to any power supply source that supplies power to a generator.
Furthermore, the power supply source of the generator is not limited to the main shaft, and power may be generated using a power supply source provided in a machine tool such as water pressure, pneumatic pressure, hydraulic pressure, coolant, and the like.

1 is a configuration diagram of a machining center as an example of a machine tool to which the present invention is applied. It is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the tool of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electrical system of the tool which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric system of the tool which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machining center 31 ... Main shaft motor 39 ... Automatic tool changer 46 ... Main shaft 51 ... NC device 61 ... Tool 62 ... Mounting part 65 ... Case 66, 67, 68 ... Case member 70 ... Generator 71 ... Input shaft 80 ... Electric motor 81 ... Output shaft 95 ... Tool mounting part 100 ... Blade tool 400 ... PC

Claims (9)

A processing tool for processing the workpiece;
An electric motor for driving the processing tool;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source;
A processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and generates information related to the processing of the workpiece by the processing tool;
A tool that operates with the power generated by the generator and that transmits a radio signal indicating the information generated by the processing circuit. A processing tool for processing the workpiece;
An electric motor for driving the processing tool;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source;
A receiving circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and receives a radio signal indicating information related to processing of the workpiece by the processing tool;
And a processing circuit that operates on the electric power generated by the generator and controls the supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on information received by the receiving circuit. The tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generator generates power by rotating an input shaft by pressure of a fluid of the power supply source. A rotating shaft on which the processing tool is mounted;
An electric motor for driving the rotating shaft;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source;
A processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and generates information related to the processing of the workpiece by the processing tool;
And a transmission circuit that operates by the electric power generated by the generator and transmits a radio signal indicating the information generated by the processing circuit. A rotating shaft on which the processing tool is mounted;
An electric motor for driving the rotating shaft;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power supply source;
A receiving circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and receives a radio signal indicating information related to processing of the workpiece by the processing tool;
And a processing circuit that operates by the electric power generated by the generator and that controls the supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on information received by the receiving circuit. The spindle,
A transmission that can be attached to and detached from the main shaft;
A power supply source capable of supplying power to the transmission,
The transmission is
An electric motor that drives the object to be rotated;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from the power supply source;
A processing circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and generates information related to the rotation of the rotated object;
A machine tool comprising: a transmission circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and transmits a radio signal indicating the information generated by the processing circuit. The spindle,
A transmission that can be attached to and detached from the main shaft;
A power supply source capable of supplying power to the transmission,
The transmission is
An electric motor that drives the object to be rotated;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from the power supply source;
A receiving circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and receives a radio signal indicating information related to rotation of the rotating object;
And a processing circuit that operates by the electric power generated by the generator and controls supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on information received by the receiving circuit. Processing tools for processing workpieces,
An electric motor for driving the processing tool;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power source;
A processing circuit that operates with the power generated by the generator and generates information related to the processing of the workpiece by the processing tool, and
A tool having a transmission circuit that operates by the power generated by the generator and transmits a radio signal indicating the information generated by the processing circuit;
A tool management system, comprising: a management device that is provided independently of the tool, receives the information transmitted from the transmission circuit, and manages the information. Processing tools for processing workpieces,
An electric motor for driving the processing tool;
A generator for generating electric power for driving the electric motor by power supplied from a power source;
A receiving circuit that receives a radio signal indicating information related to processing of the workpiece by the processing tool; and
A tool having a processing circuit that controls supply of electric power from the generator to the electric motor based on information received by the receiving circuit;
A tool management system comprising: a management device that is provided independently of the tool and that transmits the information to the receiving circuit.

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