JPH05177485A - Speed regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the rotational speed of a turning member adjustable without requiring any external high frequency power source by utilizing a generator to be operated by spindle revolution as the power source of a motor. CONSTITUTION:This speed regulator is provided with a spindle 1 being connected to a driving source, a stationary member coupled with this spindle 1 free of rotation, and a turning member 3 coupled with the spindle 1 free of rotation. In an interval between this stationary member and the spindle 1, a generator 4 to be operated by a relative rotational motion is provided between them. In addition, a motor 5 to be driven by electricity obtained by the generator 4 is installed in space between the stationary member and the tuning member, and with rotation of the spindle 1, a coil and a multipolar magnet of the generator 4 are relatively rotated for power generation. Next, a relative rotation is produced between both coils of the motor 5 by electricity fed out of the generator 4, then the turning member 3 is rotated at the specified rotational speed. At this time, poles of the coil of the generator 4 and that of the motor 5 are set to the proper ratio, a desired rotational speed ratio is securable.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for increasing or decreasing the speed of various rotating bodies.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A speed increasing / decreasing device increases or decreases the rotational speed of a member that rotates at a predetermined speed, such as a tool mounted on a machine tool, to a desired level. BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there are a mechanical type and an electric type as a speed increasing / decreasing device (particularly a speed increasing device) for a tool for machine tools.

As shown in FIG. 6, the mechanical type has a spindle 1 with a tapered portion 11 inserted into a holder of a machine tool, a cover member 2 rotatably connected to the spindle 1, and a spindle 1 likewise. And a tool gripping member 3 that is rotatably coupled to the. The spindle 1 has a tapered portion 11
And a circular tube portion 12 extending inside the cover member 2,
The cover member 2 is connected to the circular pipe portion 12 of the spindle 1 by a pair of bearing portions 14a and 14b. Further, the shaft 31 of the tool gripping member 3 extending inside the cover member 2 is rotatably supported by the spindle 1 by bearing portions 15 a and 15 b provided on the inner surface of the circular pipe portion 12 of the spindle 1. ..

As shown in FIG. 7, circumferential teeth 6 are provided on the inner surface of the cover member 2, and circumferential teeth 7 are also provided at corresponding positions on the shaft 31 of the tool gripping member 3. Has been. A planetary gear 8 is provided in the annular space between the teeth 6 and 7.
Are provided in plurality, and these planetary gears 8 are rotatably supported at the tip of the circular pipe portion 12 of the spindle 1. Not only the number of teeth of the teeth 6 and 7 is different, but also the number of teeth of them and the planetary gear 8 is different. Therefore, when the spindle 1 rotates, the planetary gear 8 rotates between the teeth 6 and 7, but since the numbers of teeth of the teeth 6 and 7 are different, the rotation speed of the tool gripping member 3 is the same as the rotation speed of the spindle 1. It will be different. It should be noted that the outer periphery of the cover member 2 is provided with a projection portion 21 having a function of a pipe for supplying oil to the tip end portion of the tool. The projection portion 21 is provided when the spindle 1 rotates. To prevent the rotation of the.

In such a mechanical speed increasing / decreasing device, since the rotation of the spindle 1 is transmitted to the tool holding member 3 via the planetary gear 8, the dimensional accuracy of the planetary gear 8 and the teeth 6, 7 is very high. It is required to be expensive. Moreover, since it is a mechanical power transmission system, there is a limit to the speed increase ratio, and there is also the problem of energy loss due to resistance.

On the other hand, in the electric speed increasing / decreasing device, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the spindle 1 and the cover member 2 are fixed, and the inner surface of the cover member 2 and the tool gripping member 3 are fixed.
An induction motor 9 including a stator coil 91 and a rotor 92 is provided between the shaft 31 and the shaft 31. The motor 9 is a so-called high-frequency motor, and is rotated at high speed by electricity supplied from an external high-frequency power source. For this reason, a terminal 93 for connection with an external high frequency power source is provided on the protrusion 21. However, the high-frequency power source is not only expensive in general, but also has a problem in that the machine tool must be provided with a terminal socket.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to eliminate the above problems.
An object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of increasing / decreasing any speed with a simple structure.

[0008]

As a result of earnest research in view of the above object, the present inventor has found that a generator and a motor are coaxially or concentrically provided between a spindle and a rotating member, and the coils of both coils are provided. The inventors have found that if the number of poles is set to a predetermined ratio, the rotation speed of the rotating member can be increased or decreased only by the power transmitted to the spindle without the need for an external power source, and the present invention was conceived.

That is, the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention has a spindle connected to a drive source, a fixed member rotatably connected to the spindle, and a rotating member rotatably connected to the spindle. A generator is provided between the fixed member and the spindle to generate electric power due to the relative rotational movement of the two, and between the fixed member and the rotary member, electricity generated by the generator is used. It is characterized in that a driven motor is provided.

[0010]

In the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention, the generator and the motor are coaxially arranged as shown in FIG. 1 and the generator and the motor are concentrically arranged as shown in FIG. Including any of the cases. In any case, the spindle, the fixed member 2 and the rotary member 3 are rotatably coupled to each other, the generator 4 is provided between the spindle 1 and the fixed member 2, and the motor 5 is fixed member 2. And the rotating member 3. Further, the fixing member 2 is prevented from rotating by an appropriate locking member (for example, a protruding member).

Therefore, when the spindle rotates, the coil of the generator 4 and the multi-pole magnet rotate relative to each other, so that power generation occurs, and then the electricity supplied from the generator causes relative rotation between both coils of the motor 5. Rotation will occur.
Therefore, the rotating member 3 rotates at a predetermined rotation speed, but if the number of poles of the coil of the generator 5 and the number of poles of the motor are set to an appropriate ratio, a desired increase / decrease ratio of the rotation speed can be obtained. be able to.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 3 (a) is a partially cutaway front view showing a speed increasing / decreasing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (b) is a partial sectional view taken along line AA. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a speed increasing / decreasing device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a spindle 1 with a tapered portion 11 inserted into a holder of a machine tool, and a spindle 1 rotatably. It has a combined cover member 2 and similarly a tool gripping member 3 rotatably connected to the spindle 1. The cover member acts as a fixing member. At the tip of the spindle 1, there is a circular pipe portion 12 extending into the cover member 2, and the outer surface of the circular pipe portion 12 of the spindle 1 and the inner surface of the cover member 2 have a pair of bearing portions 14a,
It is rotatably connected by 14b. In addition, the shaft 31 of the tool gripping member 3 extending inside the cover member 2
Are rotatably supported with respect to the spindle 1 by bearings 15a and 15b provided between the spindle 1 and the inner surface of the circular pipe portion 12. The cover member 2
Since the projection 10 is formed on the outer surface of the cover member 2, the cover member 2 is prevented from rotating by engaging with the fixing member of the machine tool. Therefore, the rotation of the spindle 1 can be speed-changed and transmitted to the tool gripping member 3 via the generator 4 and the motor 5. Further, reference numeral 30 in the drawing denotes a tool gripped by the gripping member 3.

A coil 41 for the generator 4 is fixed to the inner surface of the cover member 2, and a multi-pole magnet 42 is fixed to the outer surface of the circular pipe portion 12 of the spindle 1. The generator 4 composed of the coil 41 and the multi-pole magnet 42,
It is preferable to use a synchronous generator that produces a high output at a high frequency.
The multi-pole magnet 42 may be a coil connected to a DC power supply depending on the case.

On the other hand, another coil 51 fixed to the inner surface of the cover member 2 constitutes a stator of the motor 5, and the rotor 5 of the motor 5 fixed to the shaft 31 of the tool gripping member 3.
2 at a position opposed to the magnetic pole 2 via a magnetic gap. Such a motor 5 is preferably an induction motor. In addition,
The coil 41 of the generator 4 and the coil 51 of the motor 5 are connected by a lead wire (not shown).

By setting the number of poles of the coil 41 of the generator 4 and the number of poles of the coil 51 of the motor 5 at an arbitrary ratio, it is possible to arbitrarily set the increase or decrease in speed. For example, generator 4
If a 10-pole synchronous generator is used as the motor and a 2-pole induction motor is used as the motor 5, if the rotation speed of the spindle 1 is 3000 rpm, the frequency f (H
z) is as follows. f (Hz) = PN ・ 120 = 10 ・ 3000/120 = 250 [Hz]

When this electric power is supplied to the two-pole induction motor, the rotation speed N of the motor becomes as follows. N = 120 ・ 250 / P = 120 ・ 250/2 = 15000 [Hz]

As described above, by setting the pole number ratio to 10: 2, the number of rotations can be increased five times (15000/3000).

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the essential parts showing a speed increasing / decreasing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the generator 1
04 is the same as in the case of FIG. 3, but the coil 151 of the motor 105 is fixed to the inner surface of the annular member 121 protruding inward from the inner surface of the cover member 102. Motor 10
The rotor 152 of No. 5 is fixed to the shaft 131 of the tool holding member. With such a configuration, it is possible to achieve speed increase / decrease by the same principle as the speed increasing / decreasing device of FIG.
The other parts are the same as in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the essential parts showing a speed increasing / decreasing device according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The speed increasing / decreasing device of FIG. 5 includes a spindle 201 with a tapered portion 211, a cover member 202 rotatably coupled to the spindle 201,
Similarly, it has a spindle 201 and a tool holding member 203 rotatably coupled thereto. Again, the cover member acts as a fixing member. At the tip of the spindle 201, there is a circular tube portion that extends into the cover member 202.
The outer surface of the circular tube portion and the inner surface of the cover member 202 are rotatably coupled by a pair of bearing portions. The shaft of the tool gripping member 203 extending inside the cover member 202 is rotatably supported with respect to the spindle 201 by a bearing portion provided between the shaft and the inner surface of the circular pipe portion of the spindle 201. .. The cover member 202
Since the projection 210 is formed on the outer surface of the cover member 202, the cover member 202 is prevented from rotating by engaging with the fixing member of the machine tool. Therefore, the rotation of the spindle 201 causes the generator 2 to rotate.
04 and the motor 205 to change the speed of the tool gripping member 2
03 can be transmitted. Reference numeral 230 in the drawing denotes a tool gripped by the grip member 203.

A coil 241 for the generator 204 is fixed to the rear surface of the inward protruding portion of the cover member 202, and a multi-pole magnet 242 is fixed to the front wall of the spindle 201. The generator 204 composed of the coil 241 and the multi-pole magnet 242 is preferably a synchronous generator that produces a high output at a high frequency. The multi-pole magnet 242 may be a coil connected to a DC power supply depending on the case.

On the other hand, another coil 251 fixed to the front surface of the inward protruding portion of the cover member 202 constitutes a stator of the motor 205, and the rotor 252 of the motor 205 fixed to the shaft of the tool holding member 203. And a position facing each other via a magnetic gap. Such motor 205 is preferably an induction motor. The coil 241 of the generator 204 and the coil 251 of the motor 205 are connected by a lead wire (not shown).

Since the speed increasing / decreasing device of FIG. 5 has such a structure, the rotation of the spindle 201 is rotated by the tool gripping member 203 according to essentially the same driving principle as that of the speed increasing / decreasing device of FIG.
Can be transmitted to the tool 230 fixed to the.

Although the case where the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention is used for a machining tool for a machine tool has been described above, it goes without saying that the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention can be used for other purposes.

[0024]

As described in detail above, the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention comprises a generator and a motor, and by utilizing the generator that generates power by the rotation of the spindle as the power source of the motor, Without the need for high frequency power
The rotation speed of the rotating member can be increased or decreased. Further, since the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention does not adopt the mechanical power transmission system, the power transmission efficiency is good.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of an example of a speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the principle of another example of the speed increasing / decreasing device of the present invention.

3A and 3B show a main part of a speed increasing / decreasing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3A is a partially cutaway front view thereof, and FIG.
It is a partial sectional view of -A.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a speed increasing / decreasing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an essential part of a speed increasing / decreasing device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a conventional mechanical power transmission type speed increasing / decreasing device.

7 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a conventional electric power transmission type speed increasing / decreasing device.

9 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 101, 201 ... Spindle 11, 211 ... Tapered portion 12, 112 ... Circular pipe portion 2, 102, 202 ... Cover member 21, 121 ... Annular member 3, 203 ... Rotating member (tool gripping member) 30, 130, 230 ... Tool 31, 131 ... Shaft 4, 104, 204 ... Generator 41, 141, 241 ... Coil 42, 142, 242 ... Multi-pole magnets 5, 105, 205 ... Motors 51, 151, 251, ... Stator coils 52, 152, 252 ... Rotor 10, 210 ... Department

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A spindle having a spindle connected to a drive source, a fixing member rotatably coupled to the spindle, and a rotating member rotatably coupled to the spindle, wherein a gap between the fixing member and the spindle is provided. Is equipped with a generator that generates electricity by the relative rotational movement of the two.
A speed increasing / decreasing device characterized in that a motor driven by electricity obtained by the generator is provided between the fixed member and the rotating member. 2. The speed increasing / decreasing device according to claim 1, wherein the generator and the motor are coaxially provided. 3. The speed increasing / decreasing device according to claim 1, wherein the generator and the motor are concentrically provided. 4. The speed increasing / decreasing device according to claim 1, wherein the generator is a synchronous generator and the motor is an induction motor.