JP2006249864A - Roof structural body of building having large-scale space inside - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for forming a large-scale space having an opening and closing type roof structure constructed at very low construction cost when compared with conventional construction cost when constructing a large-scale structure with an opening and closing type roof. <P>SOLUTION: The large-scale roof structural body for providing a roof function by using fibers and a sheet capable of preventing rain and snow and withstanding high tensile force as a skin basic member, moving them as required, and holding them in a beam structure of the roof is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for an openable roof structure in a large-scale building having a large-scale space inside.

Currently, large-scale buildings that have large-scale interiors that hold events such as baseball, soccer, tennis, and concerts around the world, and concerts, etc., do not have roof structures that support rainy weather. Broadly divided into things. Adding a roof to such a large-scale structure has an advantage that an event can be performed regardless of the weather. However, in a baseball stadium, for example, sunlight can not be introduced due to the roof, so only artificial grass can be used for the ground, and artificial grass is more burdensome on the legs and legs than natural grass, causing problems such as shortening of player life. This can be solved by using an openable roof structure that can introduce sunlight.

In order to make this possible, a technique for moving all or part of the heavy roofing material has been developed, and a large-scale structure that can make it possible by moving the roof structure slowly has now been constructed.
JP-A-5-302394 JP-A-9-235816 However, such a structure moves part or all of a heavy roof structure. Since the structure is large, the structure itself becomes heavy and further moves. It requires extra space, requires a large drive force and its control system, and most of all costs are a major issue, depending on its size, construction that is comparable to or more than the construction cost of structures below the roof Many enterprises abandon the construction of large-scale structures with a roof that can be opened and closed due to the cost of the roof.

In order to solve the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a large-scale space having an openable / closable roof structure whose construction cost is very low compared to the conventional one.

The present invention exhibits a roof function by using a fiber or sheet that can withstand high tension capable of preventing rain and snow as a skin basic member, and moving it when necessary to hold it in the roof beam structure. The large-scale roof structure characterized by the above is provided.

According to the present invention, not only high construction cost, such as movement of very heavy roof structure, but also construction cost is very low compared with the conventional method which is dangerous while moving structure, it is only movement of light things. As a result, safety during transportation is improved, and a thin skin material is used as a clothing material for the roof, so part of the external light is transmitted during the daytime, and the interior is bright, thus providing an energy saving effect, lighter and simpler. Since it is a structure, if the main support column and auxiliary support column can be installed inside or outside the existing building, it can be installed later in a large-scale building without a roof.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of the embodiment, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side view. The present invention is applied to a building having a large-scale space. On the building bottom 1 having a large-scale space, a dome-shaped roof 2 is composed of four main columns 3 and a total of twelve auxiliary columns 4. An example is shown in which the sheet-shaped individual roof opening and closing member 6 having a right-angled tip is pulled up from below in the direction of the arrow to cover the roof portion in each 1/4 area.

The bottom 1 of the building has a zone for playing baseball, soccer, tennis and other events, concerts, etc., and a ground zone in the center. It is a building with a skeleton. In general, the shape of the roof is almost circular, elliptical, square, or fan-shaped when viewed from above, and the upper periphery, which is the upper periphery of the auditorium, forms a roof opening in a large space. Will constitute the lower peripheral portion.
The four main struts 3 are provided on the upper part of the building bottom 1 so as to extend from the surrounding four directions toward the upper center of the building, and the respective ends are connected to each other at the central part of the building bottom 1. Yes. The mutual connecting portion at the ends of the four main struts 3 is configured as a large central combined body 5 and is used for fixing the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 and arranging the opening / closing mechanism and other devices. It is supposed to be. Apart from the four main struts 3, twelve auxiliary struts 4 for opening and closing the sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6 are arranged between the upper part of the building bottom 1 and the main strut 3. In the case of FIG. 1, the direction of the auxiliary column 4 is arranged in parallel with the moving direction of the roof opening / closing member 6, and the upper end portion thereof is coupled to the large central coupling body 5 or the main column 3. ing.

The four main struts 3 divide the roof opening at the top of the building bottom 1 into four individual openings, and each individual opening is independently formed by four sheet-like individual roof opening and closing members 6. It can be opened and closed. That is, in the state where the individual opening is fully opened, the individual roof opening and closing member 6 is folded and stored inside the upper periphery of the building bottom 1. With the roof closing operation, each individual roof opening and closing member 6 is lifted toward the central coupling portion of the main column and the central coupling unit 5 while being supported by the auxiliary column 4 as shown by arrows in FIG. Thus, the area defined by the two adjacent main pillars 3 and the corresponding peripheral upper part of the building bottom 1 is pulled up to the fully closed state, and the individual roof opening and closing members 6 are individually surrounded in the fully closed state. The roof structure around the opening, that is, the main column 3 and the building bottom 1 are fixed.
The overall shape of each individual roof opening and closing member 6 corresponds to the shape of each individual opening. In this embodiment, when viewed in a plane, a 1/4 fan shape, strictly speaking, a 1/8 spherical shape. There is no.
Although the individual roof opening and closing member 6 is not illustrated, it is a skin made of a cloth or a film-like sheet member woven with a chemical fiber or the like containing a fiber that can withstand high tension such as Kepler fiber, and the configuration thereof is one sheet, A multi-layer member having a sound-absorbing effect or a heat-insulating effect sandwiched therein may be used. It is configured as a sheet-like flexible member that can be folded as a whole or rolled up.

Each main support 3 may extend from the bottom of the ground where the building bottom 1 is constructed through the building bottom 1 or from the top of the building bottom 1 again. The structure of the main support 3 is preferably as light and strong as possible, and is preferably a pipe made of metal or carbon fiber FRP. ) Etc. can also be passed inside. The cross-section is preferably a circle or an ellipse from the viewpoint of strength, but can be applied to various attachments and the like as long as the shape is rectangular and the strength is obtained. In addition, in order to fulfill the role of a rain gutter, a part having a function to prevent rain may be combined with the above-described structure, or such a structure may be incorporated from the beginning. In addition, when an existing building is to have a roof structure later, the main post 3 is extended from the ground around the building in contact with the upper end of the building bottom 1 so that the roof structure is retrofitted. Construction is also possible.

The auxiliary support column 4 is thinner than the main support column 3 and generally extends from the upper end of the bottom 1 of the building. For example, when an existing building has a roof structure later, the auxiliary support column 4 is also a building. By extending a part of the building bottom 1 from the surrounding ground, the roof structure can be retrofitted. The structure of the auxiliary support column 4 may be substantially the same as the structure of the main support column 3. However, in order to guide the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6, the guide mechanism may be coupled to the upper surface or the side surface. is necessary.

At the center of each column, a large central unit 5 is arranged. At the time of final lifting, the column connection at the upper end of the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 has a space so that there is no rain leakage. In addition to the installation of a fixed pulley 11 (described later) for a pulling wire and the like, a TV camera, a lighting device, etc. can be arranged on the back surface of a stadium or the like. In this figure, the roof opening and closing member 6 covers ¼ of the total area of the roof portion, but this may be divided into three, １ ／, or more than four. Furthermore, for example, half can be like a fixed tent or covered with a structure, and the rest can be covered in this way in an openable manner.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a method of pulling up the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 along the main column 3 and the auxiliary column 4 in the case of FIG. In addition, a fixing point of the linear member 7 such as a pulling wire or a pulling pulley 10 is arranged, and the linear member 7 such as several pulling wires is changed through the upper fixed pulley 11 to change the wire pulling direction. The state where the roof opening / closing member 6 is pulled up by winding with the corresponding linear member winding drum and its driving body 9 (located on the top of the building bottom 1) is shown. At this time, when the roof is opened, a linear member 8 such as a roof opening / closing member lowering / tension adjusting wire is arranged for pulling down the roof opening / closing member 6 or adjusting the tension when pulling up. When the roof opening / closing member 6 is folded and stored at the upper end of the building bottom 1, the connecting point of the linear member 8 such as a pulling / tension adjusting wire to the roof opening / closing member 6 is arranged around the fold. If it keeps it, it will become a fixed folding. Although this method has a drawback that a lot of wires can be seen when released, this is also neat by laying the wires to the support side at the end, and this method is one of the simplest and most reliable methods It is.

In such a method, it becomes necessary to pull up the sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6 with a linear member 7 such as a wire and finally connect the edge to the main support column so that there is no rain leakage. An example of the method is shown in FIG. The main strut structure is partly extended to the seat side so that there is no rain leakage, and a pocket is made to accept the seat edge. When the sheet is finally pulled up and reaches the highest point, it is in a state where what is left of the edge portion of the end portion of the sheet existing near the main column remains. Before that, the edge of the sheet has been sufficiently pulled by the wire 7, and eventually it gradually enters the part like the pocket described in FIG. In order to make it go smoothly when entering, and after entering further, this sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6 comes into contact with the sheet and improves the sealing performance, so that the entrance of the pocket Has a round and open shape, and its surface is covered with a soft smooth surface protection member 13, and a smooth and highly adhesive contact is between the sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6. Considered to be made. In heavy rains such as torrential rain, the sheet fabric is not subject to unexpected tension and is not without any possibility of tearing. The reason why the sealing performance is considered in this way is also to increase the internal pressure of the ball field in such a case so that the seat can withstand a temporary weight. In this case, the close contact between the seat and the support is an important key. However, if the material of the sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6 is made of a material that can withstand high tension such as Kepler fiber, it can be considered that there are many cases that can withstand heavy loads such as rain flowing on the roof. Increasing the internal air pressure of the large building 1 is considered as a countermeasure only in the case of high adhesiveness such as solid snow or in the case of a natural phenomenon such as torrential rain.

FIG. 4 shows a case in which the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 is not lifted up by a large number of lifting linear members 7 such as wires as shown in FIG. An example of the method is shown. A guide mechanism such as the method described later in FIG. 6 may be used, or a part of the sheet may be pulled up by a linear member 7 such as a wire along the groove of the auxiliary column like a curtain rail. However, this figure shows a mechanism in which the sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6 is pulled up by a linear member 7 such as a wire along a guide arranged on three auxiliary columns. At the time of pulling up, the pulling direction can be changed downward by the fixed pulley 11 arranged at the joint with the main column 3 at the upper end of the auxiliary column 4, and the corresponding linear member take-up drum and its driving body 9 are changed. The state in which the roof opening and closing member 6 is pulled up by being wound up (located at the top of the building bottom 1) is shown. When finally pulled up, in this case, the two main struts 3 and the portion surrounded by the edge where the sheet-like individual roof opening and closing member 6 is joined to the building bottom 1 form a closed space. . The same applies to this case. However, when the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 is pulled down, the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 is folded at the lower end of the roof as shown in FIG. It is assumed that it will be stored. It is necessary to consider that the position where the pull-down wire is attached to the sheet is a position where the sheet is pulled down and bent. And, after storage, keep it from being exposed to direct sunlight and wind and rain as much as possible, and in the case of storm, keep the roof open, but make sure that the sheet that has fallen off is not rolled up by wind etc. It is preferable to install a storage hard cover.

FIG. 5 shows a method of spreading the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 in a fan shape on the roof portion. The sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 is initially stored in the roof opening / closing member take-up storage chamber 14, and then expands in a fan shape around the main column center combined body 5 according to a guide installed on the auxiliary column 4. And cover the roof. In this case, the closed space covered by the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 includes the main column 3 to which the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 is finally coupled, and the lower end portion of the sheet-like individual roof opening / closing member 6 (architecture). This is an area to be combined with the upper end of the object bottom 1. Such a deployment of the roof opening and closing member 6 is also possible in such a way that it goes out from the lower end of the roof in an oblique direction, covers the roof like a dusting in that direction, and finally covers the whole (not shown). ).

An example of such a guide mechanism installed on the support is shown in FIG. In this figure, a roof opening / closing member lifting / lowering sliding guide block 15 coupled to the wire 16 at equal intervals is sewn to a fixing pin 19 or a fixing plate at an appropriate position of the roof opening / closing member 6 (not shown). ) It is connected and normally folded by the elasticity of the wire part, but when this is pulled up, the guide block sliding fixed pulley 17 and the guide wire sliding fixed fixed on the auxiliary column 4 from the introduction guide rail Guided into the space created by the pulley 18, the sheet member 6 is pulled up along the line one after another. Such a mechanism is pulled by such a mechanism along the auxiliary strut in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. 5 even when it is pulled up by such a mechanism arranged on the auxiliary strut as shown in FIG. You can use it as well. In this method, the tension of the sheet is constant between the auxiliary struts or columns provided with a plurality of guide mechanisms, and even if the sheet is not stretched as a whole at the end, the sheet is stretched between them with a certain degree of tension. It is a point covered with tension.

In addition, in a manner like a curtain rail, a groove is formed on the auxiliary column, or a rail is installed, and a piece corresponding to a piece entering the curtain rail is fixed to the sheet-like roof opening / closing member 6 It is also possible to guide the movement of the sheet. In addition, the movement of the seat can be given directionality by fixing it to the sheet-like roof opening and closing member 6 in a dotted line like a bicycle chain. If it becomes too heavy, the pain of the roofing material will be accelerated, and it is desirable to make it as light as possible.

In this manner, if the edge is not fixed after being pulled up or deployed laterally as shown in FIG. 5, rain leaks due to wind and rain. For that purpose, it is possible to pull and fix the edge at several places as shown in FIG. 3, but for a more firm way of fixing, like the fastener, the sheet-like member 6 is attached to the column, It is to fix firmly. FIG. 7 shows an example, and the sheet edge is formed so that the sheet can reciprocate, for example, a single wire reciprocatingly. A wedge-shaped position fixing tool 21 for fixing the edge of the roof opening / closing member having a wedge shape is coupled to the wire arranged at the end portion at equal intervals. When the development of all the seats is completed, the edge of the sliding roof opening / closing member is fixed on the main column 3 by the guide rail 25 from the lower end and is moved by the roller 26 in the guide rail 25. The fixing claw lock and the opening device 23 for fixing the wedge-shaped position fixing tool are moved forward while squeezing the edge of the sheet-like roof opening / closing member 6 toward the support column with the roller 27, and at the same time, many rollers 27 Among them, the fixing claw 22 for fixing is fixed to the wedge-shaped position fixing tool 21 on the edge of the roof opening / closing member 6 which is firmly approached to the column side at the roller position where the distance between the roller 27 and the column in the latter half is narrow. Gets off and is locked. The sliding fixed pawl lock and release device 23 is gradually pulled up, and the upper edge is gradually fixed to the column. Finally, the edge of the sheet-like member 6 is It ’s all locked like a zipper, providing a secure connection to the struts that can withstand most storms.

There are various ways to arrange the wedge-shaped position fixing tool 21 for fixing the edge of the roof opening / closing member on the edge of the roof opening / closing member 6, and it is possible to arrange many small ones with a narrower interval or by bending the wire. It is also possible to make a continuous structure that is connected to each other with overlapping structures. Alternatively, the wire system may be a little larger, and the connecting pin to be joined to the circumferential portion may be “locked” between the roof opening / closing member 6 and the column (not shown). In addition, it is possible to continuously couple the roof opening / closing member 6 to the column with the same tool as the fixing claw lock and the opening device 23 for fixing the wedge-type position fixing tool for fixing the edge of the sliding roof opening / closing member. It is.

In order to open the edge, the sliding fixed claw lock and release device 23 is moved in the opposite direction, and the lock pin is released with the movement, and the wedge-type position fixing tool 21 for edge fixing is released. After that, the sheet-like member 6 is guided by the auxiliary struts and is lowered by the roof opening / closing member lowering / tension adjusting linear member 7, folded, wound up, and stored. Finally, the storage hard cover covers it, and a series of storage operations is completed. Since it is not affected by rain, as shown in FIG. 8, it is also possible to install a huge screen 29 inside the wire 28 using a wire 28 and temporarily transform the large building 1 into a super-large movie theater. .

As an example provided by the present invention, an example of the inside of a dome stadium that can be constructed at an extremely low cost is shown in FIG. The roof formed by the main strut 3 and the auxiliary strut 4 painted in the same blue color as the sky color and the sheet-like roof opening and closing member 6 made of the same blue material is thin, so it is bright during the day, Form an exhilarating space that you don't need. Since it is an open / close type, it can open the roof, take in sunlight, grow natural turf, and use it on the ground, except for the event. In this way, thanks to being unaffected by the weather, it becomes possible to plan watching tournaments in baseball and sports, and it is possible to install the above-mentioned super-large screen inside, as a super cinema, and also a concert Events such as exhibitions, exhibitions, and large-scale meetings can be invited, and the utilization rate will increase dramatically and profitability will be greatly improved. A world that could not have been imagined with the high-cost dome technology that moves the conventional roof structure is realized there. Low-cost construction costs and high occupancy rates will improve the management of sports organizations such as teams that use them as franchise, and raise various social activities.

Further, according to the present invention, when the operation of the existing facility is in trouble due to the weather, a roof structure can be installed later and at a low cost. There is a need for the present invention all over the world, including the Wimbledon tennis court that is forced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a basic block diagram of this invention, (a) is the figure seen from the top of the building which has large-scale space, (b) is the figure seen from the side. The arrow in the figure indicates the direction in which the individual roof opening / closing member is pulled up. It is the figure which showed the method of pulling up a sheet-like roof opening-and-closing member with linear members, such as a raising rope and a wire. It shows a method of fixing a sheet-like roof opening / closing member to a main column so that it does not leak after being pulled up by a linear member such as a lifting rope or wire. (A) is a sectional view, (b) is a side view. It is the figure which showed the method of pulling up a sheet-like roof opening and closing member with the rope for a raising, a wire, etc. with high position accuracy using the guide provided in the auxiliary | assistant support | pillar. It shows a method of covering an individual roof opening / closing member in a fan shape along the roof main column and auxiliary column. (A) is the figure seen from the top of the building which has large-scale space, (b) is the figure seen from the side. FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 shows an example of a guide mechanism used when the individual roof opening / closing member is moved with high accuracy along the roof portion auxiliary support column. (A) is a side view, (b) is a cross-sectional view FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 shows an example of a method in which after the individual roof opening and closing member is deployed, the edge of the member is coupled to the main column so as not to leak. (A) is a sectional view, (b) is a side view. It is an example of the baseball field (inside) realized by the present invention. He also showed that because a roof can be formed, the super-large screen at the bottom of the figure can be easily installed using the hanging method, and it can be managed as a super-large event or a large movie theater.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building bottom part which has large-scale space 2 Building roof part which has large-scale space 3 Main support | pillar 4 Auxiliary support | pillar 5 Main support | pillar center coupling body 6 Individual roof opening / closing member 7 including a sheet-like member Linear member for raising roof opening / closing member 8 Linear member 9 for lowering / tensioning the roof opening / closing member 9 Linear member take-up drum and its driving body 10 Pulley 11 Fixed pulley 12 Wire holder 13 Roof opening / closing member Edge storage / soft smooth surface protecting member 14 Roof opening / closing member Winding storage chamber 15 Roof opening / closing member lifting / lowering sliding guide block 16 Roof opening / closing member lifting / lowering sliding guide block 17 Guide block sliding fixed pulley 18 Guide wire sliding fixed pulley 19 Roof opening / closing member fixing pin 20 Rain protection edge portion 21 Wedge-type position fixture 22 21 for fixing roof opening / closing member edge fixing fixture (with lock function)
23 Slide type 22 fixed claw lock and release device 24 23 moving wire 25 for sliding 23 rail 26 for sliding 23 rail sliding pulley 27 22 lock set pulley 28 huge screen suspension Wire 29 giant screen

Claims (5)

An openable roof structure of a large-scale building having a large-scale space inside which performs events such as baseball, soccer, tennis, or concerts, etc., and forms a roof opening opening on the large-scale space A roof structure, a sheet-like roof opening opening / closing member that opens and closes the roof opening, and an opening / closing drive unit that moves the roof member so that the roof opening opens and closes. A plurality of main struts extending from the periphery of the large-scale space toward the upper portion of the space, and the main support posts divide the roof opening into a plurality of individual openings, An individual roof opening and closing member that opens and closes the opening and an auxiliary column that holds the position of the individual roof opening and closing member in a state in which the individual roof opening and closing member closes the individual opening are disposed, and the individual roof opening and closing member opens the individual opening. In a state where the main strut or the roof structure around the individual opening is folded or wound, and is configured to be guided and moved by the auxiliary strut when the closing operation is performed by the opening / closing driving means, and An opening / closing roof structure characterized by comprising a fixing means for fixing the periphery of the individual roof opening / closing member to the periphery of the individual opening of the roof structure when the individual roof opening / closing member fully closes the individual opening. The auxiliary strut is arranged along the opening / closing movement direction of the individual roof opening / closing member, and is configured to guide the position holding means attached to the individual roof opening / closing member during the opening / closing movement, and the fixing means is attached to the main strut individually. 2. The openable / closable roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the edge of the roof opening / closing member is held and fixed when fully closed, and is opened prior to the opening operation. A plurality of main struts are connected to each other at the upper part of a large-scale space, and the individual openings are substantially triangular or substantially fan-shaped, and the movement of the individual roof opening / closing member from fully open to fully closed is the bottom of the triangle or a fan-shaped arc A long auxiliary column that is configured to move from the portion toward the apex that is the coupling portion of the main column, and the auxiliary column has one end at the apex portion and extends along the moving direction of the individual roof opening and closing member, and the long auxiliary column 3. The openable roof structure according to claim 2, wherein at least two short auxiliary columns arranged at the same interval are provided on the roof. A plurality of main struts are connected to each other in the upper part of the large-scale space, and the individual openings are substantially triangular or substantially fan-shaped, and the movement of the individual roof opening / closing member from the fully open to the fully closed state is the side of the triangle or the fan-shaped It is configured to move from the radius part toward the other side or fan-shaped radius part, and a plurality of auxiliary struts are provided in parallel with the base of the triangle or fan-shaped arc with the same distance from each other. The openable / closable roof structure according to claim 2. The individual roof opening and closing member comprises a skin made of a cloth or film-like sheet member woven with chemical fibers, etc., and a sound absorbing effect or a heat insulating effect filler disposed therein, and is configured as a flexible member The openable roof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the roof structure is openable.

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