JP6728532B2 - Pressurized membrane roof structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a roof structure, and more specifically to a technique related to a membrane roof structure provided with a pressing means.

Facilities that accommodate a large number of spectators, such as stadiums and event venues, may be roofed so that they can be carried out even in rainy weather. The roofs installed in stadiums (hereinafter collectively referred to as "stadium roofs") are roughly classified into openable and fixed (non-openable) types, focusing on the opening and closing of the roof. You can In the past, fixed roofs were the mainstream, but in recent years, openable roofs have been adopted so that competitions can be conducted in a natural environment when the weather is fine, or to shine natural sunlight on the stadium. The number of facilities is increasing.

Focusing on that structure, the stadium roof can be divided into a frame self-supporting structure and a pressure-dependent structure. Special loads such as wind pressure due to strong winds and snow load (hereinafter referred to as "abnormal load") act on the stadium roof, as well as relatively frequent loads such as weak wind load and rain load (hereinafter , "Always loaded") acts. The frame self-supporting structure mainly bears the constant load and the abnormal load by the structural frame made of steel or the like.

On the other hand, the pressure-dependent structure is a structure that maintains the roof shape by applying pressure from the inside and resists the load. When the stadium roof has a pressure-dependent structure, the membrane material is usually spread over the entire roof. Since the strength and rigidity of this membrane material is relatively small compared to steel materials, wrinkles and depressions (ponding) will occur in the membrane material when an abnormal load acts, and the membrane material will not be able to withstand that load. Damage and buckling may occur. Therefore, in order to reduce the constant load and the abnormal load acting on the film material, the film material is pressurized from the indoor side.

A stadium roof with a self-supporting frame structure can be made quite robust by placing steel frames in a dense arrangement and installing high-strength materials between the steel frames, but both material and construction costs It costs a lot of money. On the other hand, the pressure-dependent structure of the stadium roof does not require a large construction cost because it is mainly composed of membrane material, but it does not require closed equipment (such as revolving doors) to maintain high pressure inside the facility. In addition to this, since the pressure must be constantly applied, the operation cost will increase.

Then, in patent document 1, paying attention to the problem which the roof of a pressure-dependent structure in a large-scale facility has, it has proposed the technique (air film structure) which solves this problem.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-159391

Patent Document 1 takes up the problem of constantly pressurizing an air pressure (always air pressure) higher than the outside air from the inside of the room, and proposes an air film structure using a cable truss in order to solve this problem. However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, a cable is adopted as a reinforcing material in order to ensure lightness and flexibility, and therefore the membrane material cannot be sufficiently reinforced, and as a result (the pressure is reduced). However, it has not been possible to completely avoid constant pressurization.

As described above, the conventional stadium roof with the pressure-dependent structure has a problem that it requires a considerable amount of cost to operate because it is necessary to constantly pressurize the stadium roof. In addition, as mentioned above, opening and closing roofs tend to be preferred in recent years, but it is difficult to open and close the stadium roof with a pressure-dependent structure due to its structure or operation (constant pressure). The problem was also pointed out.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the prior art, that is, to provide a membrane roof having a pressure-dependent structure that can avoid constant pressure. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a membrane roof having a pressure-dependent structure that can be opened and closed.

The present invention was developed with a focus on the fact that a plurality of supporting beams bear a constant load and pressurize the film material only against an abnormal load due to strong wind or snow, and It is an invention made on the basis of the idea.

The pressure type membrane roof structure of the present invention is a structure including a membrane roof body and a pressure means. The membrane roof body is composed of a plurality of support beams and a membrane material stretched between the support beams. The pressurizing means pressurizes the film material from the indoor side.

The pressure type membrane roof structure of the present invention may be a structure that applies pressure only when an abnormal load acts. That is, when a load exceeding a predetermined threshold (that is, "abnormal load") acts on the membrane roof body, the membrane material is pressurized by the pressurizing means, and the load does not act (or falls below the abnormal load). When a load is applied), the film material is not pressed by the pressing means.

The pressure type membrane roof structure of the present invention may be a structure in which the membrane roof body is composed of a fixed region and a movable region. In this case, the membrane roof body in the movable region is moved by the driving means, so that part of the roof is opened and closed.

The pressure type membrane roof structure of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since the membrane material is used, an extremely lightweight stadium roof can be constructed and the construction cost can be reduced.
(2) Since it suffices to pressurize only when there is an abnormal load, it is possible to significantly reduce operating costs compared to the conventional case.
(3) By providing a movable area in a part of the roof, it is possible to construct a stadium roof that is partially opened and closed. As a result, the game can be played under the blue sky, and the grass of the stadium can be exposed to sunlight in fine weather.
(4) Since the movable roof is lightened, the initial cost and running cost required for opening and closing can be suppressed.

(A) is a side view showing a roof of a dome-type facility as an example of the embodiment, and (b) is a plan view showing a roof of a dome-type facility as an example of the embodiment as viewed from above. The block diagram which shows the pressurization type membrane roof structure of this invention. The top view which shows some membrane roof bodies. FIG. 6 is a model diagram for explaining that pressure is applied by the pressure applying means only when an abnormal load is applied. The flowchart which shows the flow of the operation procedure of a pressure type membrane roof structure. (A) is a side view showing the roof of the dome-type facility in which the movable area has moved halfway, and (b) is a plan view of the roof of the dome-type facility in which the movable area has moved halfway. (A) is a side view showing the roof of the dome-type facility in which the movable region is completely moved, and (b) is a plan view of the roof of the dome-type facility in which the movable region is completely moved, as seen from above. (A) is a model view of the roof of the dome-type facility with openings formed, as seen from the side, and (b) is a model view of the roof of the dome-type facility, which is completely closed as seen from the side.

An example of an embodiment of the pressure type membrane roof structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The pressure type membrane roof structure of the present invention can be particularly suitably used as a roof of a facility having a relatively large scale. For example, a roof of a dome type facility as shown in FIG. 1 (hereinafter referred to as “dome type roof DR”). It can be used as.

As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 2, the pressure type membrane roof structure 100 of the present invention includes a membrane roof body 200 and a pressure means 300, and the membrane roof body 200 is composed of a support beam 210 and a membrane material 220. To be done.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a part of the membrane roof body 200. As shown in this figure, the membrane roof body 200 is formed by arranging a plurality of support beams 210 and stretching a film material 220 between the support beams 210. The support beam 210 is formed using a material having a relatively high rigidity, and is formed using, for example, a section steel such as an H-section steel or a channel section steel, or a steel pipe. Further, the film material 220 may be formed by using a material such as type A or type B in which the base fabric is glass fiber, or type C in which the base fabric is synthetic fiber. In FIG. 3, the plurality of support beams 210 are arranged so as to intersect with each other at an acute angle (that is, obliquely) to form the triangular mesh Ms (section), but the present invention is not limited to this, and the plurality of support beams are not limited thereto. Alternatively, the square meshes Ms can be formed by arranging 210 orthogonally.

The pressurizing means 300 applies pressure to the film material 220 from the indoor side of the facility, and pressurizes the film material 220 by, for example, forcedly supplying air. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the pressing means 300 applies pressure (applies a pressing load) only when an abnormal load (such as a strong wind load or snow load) acts on the membrane roof body 200. The pressing means 300 does not operate when a load is constantly applied to the membrane roof body 200 or when no load is applied.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the flow of the operation procedure of the pressure type membrane roof structure 100. As shown in this figure, during operation of the pressurized membrane roof structure 100, the weather information (external environment) particularly on wind and snowfall is continuously monitored (Step 10), and it is determined that there is a possibility of abnormal load. In the case of (Step 20), the pressing means 300 applies pressure to the film material 220 (Step 30). The abnormal load can be determined by setting a threshold value in advance. For example, a wind speed threshold value is set in advance for wind load, and a snow depth threshold value is set in advance for snow load.

After the pressurizing means 300 is operated, the situation of strong wind and snow depth (that is, abnormal load) is continuously monitored thereafter, and when it is determined that the abnormal load is released (Step 40), the pressurizing means 300 is operated. Is stopped (Step 50). After stopping the pressurization by the pressurizing means 300, the weather information is continuously monitored (Step 10).

The pressure type membrane roof structure 100 may have a structure in which a part thereof is opened as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 by configuring the membrane roof body 200 with the fixed region 200F and the movable region 200M. The fixed region 200F and the movable region 200M are each composed of the support beam 210 and the film material 220 as shown in FIG. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the dome type roof DR in a state in which the movable region 200M has moved partway, FIG. 6A is a side view thereof, and FIG. 6B is a plan view seen from above. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing the dome type roof DR in a state in which the movable region 200M is completely moved. FIG. 7A is a side view thereof, and FIG. 7B is a plan view seen from above. 8A and 8B are model diagrams for explaining opening and closing of the dome type roof DR. FIG. 8A is a model diagram of the dome type roof DR in a state where an opening is formed as seen from the side, and FIG. 8B is completely closed. It is the model figure which looked at the dome type roof DR in the opened state from the side.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the movable region 200M of the membrane roof body 200 moves, an opening is formed in a part of the membrane roof body 200 (a range in which the movable region 200M was located before the movement). It is formed. Specifically, the movable area 200M moves in the forward direction along the fixed area 200F to form an opening (FIG. 8A), and the movable area 200M moves in the opposite direction to form the membrane roof body. 200 is closed (FIG. 8(b)). This movable region 200M can be moved by using various methods that have been conventionally used, such as being pulled by a driving means such as a winch. If the movable region 200M moves while being pressurized by the pressure means 300, objects inside may be scattered outdoors or the movable region 200M or the like may be damaged. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a control unit that restricts the drive unit from operating when the operation of the pressurizing unit 300 is detected.

The pressurized membrane roof structure of the present invention is used in various stadiums such as baseball fields, soccer fields, and athletic fields, entertainment facilities for performing various events such as concerts, complex facilities for sports and concerts, or large facilities. It can be used in large-scale factories, commercial facilities with arcades, etc.

100 Pressure Membrane Roof Structure of the Present Invention 200 Membrane Roof Body (of Pressure Membrane Roof Structure) 200F Fixed Area (of Membrane Roof Body) 200M Movable Area of Membrane Roof Body 210 (of Membrane Roof Body) Support beam 220 Membrane material (for membrane roof) 300 Pressure means (for pressure membrane roof structure) Ms (formed on membrane roof) Mesh DR Dome roof

Claims (2)

A membrane roof body comprising a plurality of support beams and a membrane material stretched between the support beams,
A pressurizing means for pressurizing the film material from the inside,
When it is determined that a load exceeding a predetermined threshold value may act on the membrane roof body, the membrane material is pressurized from the inside by the pressure means,
When a load does not act on the membrane roof body, or when a load below the threshold value acts, the pressurizing means does not pressurize,
A pressure-type membrane roof structure characterized in that The membrane roof body is composed of a fixed region and a movable region,
A part of the roof is opened and closed by moving the membrane roof body in the movable area by a driving unit,
Pressurized membrane roof structure according to claim 1 Symbol mounting, characterized in that.

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