JP2006234324A - Kiln for ceramics - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a kiln for ceramics capable of shortening a series of firing time by simultaneously conducting firing processes of biscuit firing, glost firing and decorating firing, and improving heat efficiency in firing. <P>SOLUTION: In this kiln for ceramics 1 comprising a firing furnace 2, a heater 10a for raising a furnace temperature of the firing furnace, and a control device 3 for controlling electric power supplied to the heater, the firing furnace is provided with firing chambers 5, 6 partitioned through detachable partitions 4a, 4b, 4c, and the control device comprises a temperature control portion 3a for controlling a temperature of the firing chamber 5, and a temperature control portion 3b for controlling a temperature of the firing chamber 6 to independently control the indoor temperatures of the firing chambers. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a pottery kiln for firing a pottery work.

  Conventionally, a pottery kiln having a firing furnace for storing and firing ceramic works and a temperature control means for controlling the power supplied to the heater so that the furnace temperature of the firing furnace becomes a target temperature is known. ing.

In this pottery kiln, the pottery works are baked, such as unglazed, main-baked, and over-baked, and the finished state of the pottery works (so-called baking result) is the temperature in the furnace. Therefore, the temperature in the furnace is controlled for each firing step via the temperature control means.
JP-A-5-172470

  However, in general, a pottery kiln has only one firing chamber in a firing furnace, so it is necessary to set the temperature and atmosphere of the firing chamber for each firing step, and time for performing a series of firing steps. The operation was impaired. Moreover, since the same baking chamber must be used even if the number and capacity of the ceramic works to be stored in the baking chamber are different, there is a possibility that the thermal efficiency is impaired.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a ceramic kiln that can simultaneously shorten the series of firing times by simultaneously proceeding with the firing steps such as unglazed pottery, main firing, and superficial baking, and can improve the thermal efficiency during firing. The purpose is to provide.

  The invention according to claim 1, which has been made to achieve such an object, includes a firing furnace for firing a ceramic work, a heater for raising the furnace temperature of the firing furnace, and the furnace temperature becomes a target temperature. And a temperature control means for controlling the power supplied to the heater, wherein the firing furnace is provided with a plurality of firing chambers partitioned via a removable partition, The control means is configured to be capable of independently controlling indoor temperatures of the plurality of baking chambers.

  According to the ceramic pottery of the first aspect, the firing furnace is provided with a plurality of firing chambers partitioned by detachable partitions, and the control means independently sets the room temperatures of the plurality of firing chambers. Therefore, a series of baking times can be shortened by simultaneously using each of a plurality of baking chambers and simultaneously performing baking processes such as main baking and overprint baking. Moreover, by attaching and detaching the partition according to the number and volume of the ceramic works to be stored, the volume and heat capacity of the firing chamber can be appropriately switched, and the thermal efficiency can be improved.

  Moreover, the electric kiln for ceramics according to claim 1 is provided with a door that opens one of the firing chambers to open and close the opening, as in the invention according to claim 2, and the partition includes the partition, The partition can be easily attached and detached by engaging with the inner wall of the baking chamber so as to be slidable in and out of the baking chamber in a direction orthogonal to the opening surface of the opening.

  Further, in the ceramic pottery according to claim 2, as in the invention according to claim 3, a plurality of the doors are provided so as to be paired with each of the plurality of firing chambers. For each firing chamber, the door can be opened and closed to improve operability.

  Further, in the ceramic pottery according to claim 2 or claim 3, as in the invention according to claim 4, the partition is formed of a heat insulating material and at least one surface of the substrate in the thickness direction. In addition, an elastic layer having elasticity more than that of the base material is laminated, and the inner wall of the baking chamber is formed with a concave groove in which the partition engages and the elastic layer elastically contacts, Ventilation between adjacent baking chambers can be prevented, and the heat insulating effect between adjacent baking chambers can be improved.

Further, in the ceramic pottery according to claim 4, the partition as in the invention according to claim 5,
In the closed state of the door, the base material projects between the end portions of a plurality of doors, partitions the adjacent doors, and is configured so that the end portions of the doors are in contact with each other and supported. , It is possible to stably support the end portions of adjacent doors without a gap.

  Further, in the ceramic kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 5, as in the invention according to claim 6, the firing chamber is provided with a heater that generates heat when energized, and the firing furnace. The outside is provided with a burner that injects a reducing flame into at least one of the plurality of firing chambers, so that ceramic works can be fired in an oxidizing atmosphere or fired in a reducing atmosphere, and simultaneously oxidized Both firing and reduction firing can be performed, so that ceramic works of various colors can be obtained, and convenience can be improved.

  According to the pottery kiln of the present invention, the firing furnace is provided with a plurality of firing chambers partitioned via a removable partition, so that the room temperatures of the plurality of firing chambers can be controlled independently. Therefore, a series of baking times can be shortened by simultaneously using each of a plurality of baking chambers and simultaneously performing baking processes such as main baking and overprint baking. Moreover, according to the pottery kiln of the present invention, the volume and heat capacity of the firing chamber can be appropriately switched by attaching and detaching the partition according to the number and volume of the pottery works to be stored, and the thermal efficiency can be improved. Moreover, according to the pottery kiln of the present invention, the partition can be easily attached and detached, and the door can be opened and closed for each of the plurality of firing chambers, thereby improving operability. Furthermore, according to the pottery kiln of the present invention, both oxidation firing and reduction firing can be performed at the same time to obtain ceramic works of various colors, and convenience can be improved.

  Next, an embodiment of the ceramic pottery according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view of a pottery kiln according to an embodiment of the present invention, with the door open. FIG. 2 is an external view of the pottery kiln according to the embodiment with the door closed.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ceramic pottery 1 includes a firing furnace 2 and a control device 3 fixed to the outer wall of the firing furnace 2. Further, the ceramic kiln 1 is rotated to the firing furnace 2 so as to open and close the upper and lower firing chambers 5 and 6 and the two firing chambers 5 and 6, which are partitioned by the firing furnace 2 through the partition 4. Two doors 7 and 8 that are freely mounted (a so-called door is provided in plural so as to be paired with each of the plurality of baking chambers), the baking chambers 5 and 6 are mounted in the baking chamber 5. , Heaters 10a and 10b for raising the temperature inside 6, burners 11 (reference numeral 11 in FIG. 2), which are disposed outside the firing furnace 2 and inject a reducing flame into the firing chamber 5, and the like. Yes.

  The control device 3 is electrically connected to the heaters 10a and 10b, is configured to control the temperature in the firing chambers 5 and 6, and can independently control the firing chambers 5 and 6, respectively. Thus, the temperature control part 3a of the baking chamber 5 and the temperature control part 3b of the baking chamber 6 are provided. The control device 3 is composed of a microprocessor centered on a CPU, ROM, and RAM. Based on an input signal by an operator's operation from the temperature control units 3a and 3b, the control device 3 changes the time from the start to the end of firing. In association with each other, the heaters 10a and 10b are heated to control the temperatures in the firing chambers 5 and 6 to be the target temperatures.

  Next, the firing furnace 2 includes a metal outer frame portion 12 and refractory brick inner wall portions 13 a and 13 b provided inside the outer frame portion 12. The outer frame portion 12 has a hollow interior and is filled with a heat insulating material. The inner wall portions 13a and 13b are fixed in close contact with the inner side of the outer frame portion 12, and coiled heaters 10a and 10b made of nichrome wire are mounted along the inner wall portions 13a and 13b. .

  Further, the inner walls 13a and 13b are formed with grooves 15a, 15b and 15c from the opening side of the baking chambers 5 and 6 to the opposite side, and the partition 4 is slidably engaged along the grooves 15a. is doing.

  The partition 4 is formed of a heat insulating material, and is configured by laminating elastic layers 4b and 4c that are more elastic than the base material 4a on both sides of the central base material 4a. The elastic layers 4b and 4c are elastically brought into contact with the concave groove 15a and sealed so that there is no ventilation between the baking chamber 5 and the baking chamber 6. The partition 4 is configured such that the mechanical strength is maintained by the base material 4a, and the base material 4a protrudes toward the opening side of the firing chambers 5 and 6 rather than the elastic layers 4b and 4c. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the base material 4 a protrudes between the lower end 7 a of the door 7 and the upper end 8 a of the door 8, partitions the space therebetween, and stably supports the vertical positions of the doors 7 and 8. It is configured to be able to. Moreover, the partition (not shown) engaged with the concave grooves 15b and 15c shown in FIG. 1 is replaced with the base material 4a, and the end face located on the opening side of the firing chambers 5 and 6 is the elastic layers 4b and 4c. A base material is used that is flat with the end face.

  Next, one end of the doors 7 and 8 is rotatably engaged with one end of the firing furnace 2 via the rotary shaft 16, and the other end is engaged with engagement holes 17 c and 17 d provided at the other end of the firing furnace 2. The levers 17a and 17b can be locked. The doors 7 and 8 are provided with color viewing holes 18a and 18b for observing the heating state in the baking chambers 5 and 6, respectively.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the firing chamber 5 allows the reducing flame injected from the burner 11 to flow in, and causes the reducing flame to flow into the inside through the vent hole 20 formed in the inner wall portion 13 a. It is configured to be able to.

  The burner 11 is attached to the outer frame portion 12 of the firing furnace 2 via a fixing bracket 22. The burner 11 includes a nozzle 11a that injects a reducing flame from the tip, an inlet 11b that is connected to a gas cylinder via a gas tube (not shown) and flows in propane gas, and a cock valve (not shown) that opens and closes the flow of propane gas. )). A pressure regulator for adjusting the pressure of the propane gas flowing into the inlet 12b is provided between the inlet 12b and a gas cylinder (not shown).

  When performing reduction firing using the burner 11, the propane gas flowing out from the nozzle 11a is ignited, and the gap e between the tip of the nozzle 11a and the cylindrical portion 19 is adjusted to mix air into the reducing flame. , And can be adjusted to a desired reducing flame.

  Below, the effect of the ceramic kiln 1 of the Example which has the said structure is described.

  According to the pottery kiln 1 described in the embodiment, the firing furnace 2 is provided with two (plural) firing chambers 5 and 6 that are partitioned by a removable partition 4, and the control device 3 is fired. Since the room temperatures of the chambers 5 and 6 can be controlled independently, the baking chambers 5 and 6 are used at the same time to perform the baking processes such as the main baking and the overprint baking at the same time. It is possible to proceed and shorten a series of firing times.

  Moreover, according to the pottery kiln 1 described in the present embodiment, the volume and heat capacity of the firing chambers 5 and 6 are appropriately switched by attaching and detaching the partition 4 according to the number and volume of the pottery works to be stored. Can improve thermal efficiency. That is, when there is a large amount of ceramic works to be stored in the firing chambers 5 and 6, instead of the partition 4, the interior is opened and the partition that allows the firing chamber 5 and the firing chamber 6 to be ventilated is engaged. If there is a single firing chamber and the amount of ceramic works is small, the partition 4 is engaged with the recessed groove 15a to form two firing chambers, or the partitions are engaged with the recessed grooves 15b and 15c. Thermal efficiency can be improved by using four baking chambers.

  Moreover, according to the ceramics kiln 1 described in the present embodiment, since the doors 7 and 8 are provided so as to be paired with the firing chambers 5 and 6, the door 7 is provided for each firing chamber 5 and 6. , 8 can be opened and closed, and operability can be improved.

  In addition, according to the pottery kiln 1 described in the present embodiment, since the burner 11 for injecting a reducing flame is provided in the firing chamber 5, the pottery work is fired in an oxidizing atmosphere or fired in a reducing atmosphere. At the same time, both oxidation firing and reduction firing can be performed, so that ceramic works of various colors can be obtained, and convenience can be improved.

  Moreover, according to the pottery kiln 1 described in the present embodiment, the partition 4 protrudes between the lower end 7a of the door 7 and the upper end 8a of the door 8, and the lower end 7a of the door 7 and the upper end 8a of the door 8 partition. Therefore, the ends of the adjacent doors 7 and 8 can be stably supported without a gap.

  Next, a modification of the pottery kiln 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG. The ceramic pottery 1A of the modification shown in FIG. 3 is basically the same configuration as the pottery kiln 1 shown in the above embodiment, and therefore detailed description will be omitted, and characteristic parts will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the pottery kiln 1 </ b> A includes an integrated door 25 instead of the doors 7 and 8 in the pottery kiln 1 of the above embodiment. In addition, the partition 4A that partitions the firing chamber 5 and the firing chamber 6 is detachably engaged with the concave groove 15a, and the end face located on the opening side of the firing chambers 5 and 6 has the inner wall portions 13a and 13b. It is comprised on the same surface with respect to an end surface, and is comprised so that it may closely_contact | adhere to the inner surface of the door 25, when the door 24 is closed. In addition, the pottery kiln 1A is configured such that the partition 4A can be attached to and detached from any of the groove 15a, the groove 15b, and the groove 15c, and the volume of the firing chambers 5 and 6 can be switched. Further, the partition 4A is configured to be engaged with the groove 15a, the groove 15b, and the groove 15c, respectively, so that the number of firing chambers can be increased.

  Further, the ceramic pottery 1A is configured such that when the partition 4A is engaged with the concave groove 15a, the temperature of the firing chamber 5 and the firing chamber 6 can be controlled using the temperature control units 3a and 3b, respectively. When the partition 4A is detached from the concave groove 15a, the temperature of the firing chamber 5 and the firing chamber 6 can be integrally controlled using any one of the temperature control units 3a and 3b.

  With the above-described configuration, the pottery kiln 1A can simultaneously use each of the firing chambers 5 and 6 to simultaneously perform firing steps such as main firing and over-baking, thereby shortening a series of firing times. Moreover, 1 A of ceramics kilns can switch the volume and heat capacity of the baking chambers 5 and 6 appropriately, and can improve thermal efficiency by attaching or detaching the partition 4A according to the number and volume of the ceramic works to store.

  As mentioned above, although one Example and the modification of this invention were demonstrated, this invention is not limited to the said Example, It can take a various aspect. For example, the number of firing chambers is not limited to two, and a plurality of firing chambers may be provided. Further, the shape of the partitions 4 and 4A is not limited to a flat surface, and protrusions may be formed so as to support a ceramic work in the air. Moreover, although the partition 4 laminated | stacked the elastic layers 4b and 4c on both surfaces of the base material 4a, you may laminate | stack an elastic layer only on either one side of the base material 4a.

It is the external view which opened and expressed the door in the pottery kiln of one Example of this invention. It is the external view which closed and expressed the door in the pottery kiln of the Example. It is the external view which opened and displayed the door in the pottery kiln of the modification of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A ... Ceramic kiln, 2 ... Firing furnace, 3 ... Control device, 4, 4A ... Partition, 4a ... Base material, 4b, 4c ... Elastic layer, 5, 6 ... Firing chamber, 7, 8, 25 ... Door DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10a, 10b ... Heater, 11 ... Burner, 11a ... Nozzle, 11b ... Inlet, 12 ... Outer frame part, 13a, 13b ... Inner wall part, 15a, 15b, 15c ... Concave groove, 16 ... Rotating shaft, 17a, 17b ... Lever, 17c, 17d ... engagement hole, 18a, 18b ... color viewing hole, 19 ... cylindrical part, 20 ... ventilation hole, 22 ... mounting bracket.

Claims (6)

A firing furnace for firing ceramic works,
A heater that raises the furnace temperature of the firing furnace;
Temperature control means for controlling the power supplied to the heater so that the furnace temperature becomes a target temperature;
A pottery kiln equipped with
The firing furnace is provided with a plurality of firing chambers partitioned through a removable partition,
The control means is configured to be able to independently control indoor temperatures of the plurality of baking chambers,
A ceramic kiln characterized by that. A door for opening and closing the opening by opening one side of the baking chamber is provided, and the partition is slidable in and out of the baking chamber in a direction perpendicular to the opening surface of the opening. Engaged,
The ceramic kiln according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of the doors are provided so as to be paired with each of the plurality of baking chambers,
The ceramic kiln according to claim 2, wherein: The partition is
It is formed of a heat insulating material, and is formed by laminating an elastic layer having elasticity more than the base material on at least one surface of the base material in the thickness direction,
On the inner wall of the baking chamber, a concave groove is formed in which the partition is engaged and the elastic layer is elastically contacted.
A ceramic kiln according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that. The partition is
In the closed state of the door, the base material projects between the end portions of a plurality of doors, partitions the adjacent doors, and is configured so that the end portions of the doors are in contact with and supported.
The ceramic kiln according to claim 4, wherein: The firing chamber is provided with a heater that generates heat when energized in the chamber,
Outside the firing furnace is provided with a burner that injects a reducing flame into at least one of the plurality of firing chambers,
A ceramic kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that.

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