JP2006233677A - Boring machine and measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a boring machine and a measuring instrument capable of more rationally grasping properties of sediment in a chamber at real time. <P>SOLUTION: The measuring instrument 20 is composed of a bar-like member 19 connected to a plate-like member 17 of a cutter 3 and projected into the chamber 9; a strain gage 21 installed at the bar-like member 19; and a computer (not shown in the figure) or the like. One end of the bar-like member 19 is fixed or pin-joined to the plate-like member 17. When the boring machine 1 excavates the natural ground by rotating the cutter 3, the measuring instrument 20 connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3 moves rotating in the chamber 9 filled with excavated sediment. The strain gage 21 of the measuring instrument 20 measures the flexure (displacement or deformation) of the bar-like member 19 caused by the force received from the excavated sediment in the chamber 9. The measuring instrument 20 sends a measured value measured by the strain gage 21, to the computer (not shown in the figure) or the like and grasps the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 based on the measured value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavation machine and a measuring device.

  The mud pressure system shield machine stabilizes the face and excavates the natural ground by adding an additive called a mud material to the excavated soil and stirring it to give the soil appropriate plastic fluidity. The excavated earth and sand are taken into the chamber in the shield machine, and then the earth and sand are generally taken into the pit by a screw conveyor and discharged.

  At this time, if the plastic fluidity of the soil in the chamber is small and closed, the excavated soil cannot be discharged by the screw conveyor, or the cutter torque increases and the excavation becomes impossible. (1) Screw conveyor The construction was carried out while grasping the situation in the chamber by the method of visually confirming the state of the earth and sand taken into the pit in (2) the method of judging from the jack thrust, the cutter torque and the like.

  In addition, (3) a method has been attempted in which a detector is attached to the bulkhead portion of the shield machine and the sediment property in the chamber is confirmed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

JP 58-195893 A JP 58-54199 A

  However, the method (1) grasps the state of earth and sand by sensual means, and it has been necessary for a skilled person to judge. Although the jack thrust and cutter torque used in the method (2) are quantitative values, they include other factors, and thus are not completely indicative of the properties of the earth and sand in the chamber. In the method (3), the apparatus is attached to the bulkhead portion. However, the bulkhead portion is close to a boundary layer referred to as a so-called fluid and is an environment in which earth and sand are easily fixed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an excavator and a measuring device that can more reasonably grasp the property of the earth and sand in the chamber in real time. .

  According to a first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, a sensor is provided on a member that is connected to the cutter behind the cutting surface of the cutter and that rotates with the rotation of the cutter, and the chamber uses the measurement value of the sensor. It is an excavation machine characterized by grasping the properties of the earth and sand inside.

  A member that is connected to the cutter and that rotates with the rotation of the cutter is installed in the chamber or in the cutter and in the chamber. As the sensor, for example, a strain gauge, a load cell, a cylinder, a pressure sensor, a pore water pressure meter, an RI meter, or the like is used. The measured value is the displacement of the member obtained by using these sensors, the deformation of the member, the force acting on the member, the earth pressure of the earth and sand in the chamber, the water pressure of the earth and sand in the chamber, the density of the earth and sand in the chamber And the water content. The excavator is an excavator of a type in which earth and sand cut with a cutter are taken into a chamber, such as a mud pressure shield machine and a mud shield machine.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a member connected to the cutter behind the cutting surface of the cutter and rotating with the rotation of the cutter, a sensor installed on the member, and a measured value by the sensor. It is a measuring device characterized by comprising means for grasping the properties of earth and sand.

  A member that is connected to the cutter and that rotates with the rotation of the cutter is installed in the chamber or in the cutter and in the chamber. As the sensor, for example, a strain gauge, a load cell, a cylinder, a pressure sensor, a pore water pressure meter, an RI meter, or the like is used. The measured value is the displacement of the member obtained by using these sensors, the deformation of the member, the force acting on the member, the earth pressure of the earth and sand in the chamber, the water pressure of the earth and sand in the chamber, the density of the earth and sand in the chamber And the water content.

  According to the excavator and the measuring device of the present invention, the property of the earth and sand in the chamber can be grasped more rationally in real time.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the excavator 1 in the axial direction. The excavator 1 is, for example, a shield machine or the like, and moves forward while excavating natural ground. As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator 1 includes a cutter 3, a skin plate 7, a chamber 9, a soil removal device 13, a partition wall 15, a measuring device 20, and the like.

  The cutter 3 is provided on the front surface of the cylindrical skin plate 7, and includes a plate-like cutter pork 5 for excavating natural ground, a plate member 17 provided on the rear side of the cutter pork 5, and the like. The partition wall 15 is provided inside the skin plate 7 behind the cutter 3. The partition wall 15 divides the space in the skin plate 7 forward and backward. The chamber 9 is a space surrounded by the plate member 17, the partition wall 15, and the skin plate 7.

  The earth removing device 13 is fixed to the partition wall 15. The earth removing device 13 is a screw conveyor or the like. The measuring device 20 is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3 and includes a rod-shaped material 19 protruding into the chamber 9, a strain gauge 21 installed on the rod-shaped material 19, a computer (not shown), and the like. The rod-shaped material 19 is a member such as a stirring blade connected to the cutter 3. One end of the rod-like material 19 is fixed to the plate-like member 17 or pin-joined.

  The excavator 1 rotates the cutter 3 and excavates a natural ground using a bit (not shown) attached to the cutter pork 5. The excavator 1 takes the excavated soil that has flowed into the cutter 11 into the chamber 9 and then discharges the excavated soil using the soil removal device 13.

  When the excavator 1 rotates the cutter 3 to excavate a natural ground, the measuring device 20 connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3 rotates in the chamber 9 filled with excavated earth and sand. The strain gauge 21 of the measuring device 20 measures the deflection (displacement or deformation) of the rod-shaped material 19 due to the force received from the excavated soil in the chamber 9. In the measuring device 20, the measurement value measured by the strain gauge 21 is sent to a computer (not shown) or the like, and the property of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 is grasped based on the measurement value.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the axial direction of another excavator 1a. As shown in FIG. 2, the excavator 1 a has substantially the same configuration as the excavator 1, but a measuring device 20 a is installed instead of the measuring device 20.

  The measuring device 20a is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3, and includes a rod-shaped material 19a protruding into the chamber 9, a strain gauge 21a installed on the rod-shaped material 19a, a computer (not shown), and the like. The rod-shaped material 19 a is a member such as a stirring blade connected to the cutter 3.

  In the measuring device 20 shown in FIG. 1, the rod-shaped material 19 is protruded only to the chamber 9 side, but in the measuring device 20a shown in FIG. 2, the rod-shaped material 19a is protruded into the chamber 9 and the cutter 11. The rod-shaped member 19a is inserted into the plate-like member 17 and is fixed to the plate-like member 17 or pin-joined. The strain gauge 21a is installed on the inside 11 of the cutter of the rod-shaped material 19a.

  When the excavator 1a rotates the cutter 3 to excavate the natural ground, the measuring device 20a connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3 rotates in the chamber 9 filled with excavated earth and sand. The strain gauge 21 a of the measuring device 20 a measures the deflection (displacement or deformation) of the rod-shaped material 19 a due to the force received from the excavated soil in the chamber 9. In the measuring device 20a, the measured value measured by the strain gauge 21a is sent to a computer (not shown) or the like, and the property of the excavated soil in the chamber 9 is grasped based on the measured value.

  As described above, in the first and second embodiments, the rod-shaped material 19 (rod-shaped material 19a) using the strain gauge 21 (strain gauge 21a) attached to the rod-shaped material 19 (rod-shaped material 19a) connected to the cutter 3 is used. By measuring the deflection, the property of the excavated soil in the chamber 9 can be confirmed in real time. In the first and second embodiments, since the strain gauge 21 (strain gauge 21a) is attached to the rod-shaped material 19 (bar-shaped material 19a) connected to the cutter 3, the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 are compared with the conventional method. Compared to a reasonable understanding.

  In the first and second embodiments, the shape of the rod-like material 19 (rod-like material 19a) of the measuring device 20 (measuring device 20a) is not limited to the rod shape. Furthermore, the installation position of the strain gauge 21 (strain gauge 21a) of the measurement apparatus 20 (measurement apparatus 20a) may not be the position shown in FIGS. The measuring device is connected to the cutter 3 behind the cutting surface of the cutter 3 and is provided with a strain gauge on a member that rotates with the rotation of the cutter 3 so as to detect deflection due to excavated sediment in the chamber 9. If it is.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing the vicinity of a measuring device of another excavator. FIG. 3A shows the vicinity of the measuring device 20b of the excavator 1b. As shown in FIG. 3A, the excavator 1 b has substantially the same configuration as the excavator 1, but a measuring device 20 b is installed instead of the measuring device 20.

  The measuring device 20 b is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3, and protrudes into the chamber 9, the accessory 19 fixed to the stick 19, and a strain gauge (not shown) installed in the accessory 27. ), A computer (not shown), and the like. One end of the rod-like material 19 is fixed to the plate-like member 17 or pin-joined. The strain gauge (not shown) is installed at a position where the deflection of the rod-shaped material 19 can be detected.

  FIG. 3B is a view showing the vicinity of the measuring device 20c of the excavator 1c. As shown in FIG. 3B, the excavator 1c has substantially the same configuration as the excavator 1, but a measuring device 20c is installed instead of the measuring device 20.

  The measuring device 20c is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3, and includes a rod-like material 19c protruding into the chamber 9, a strain gauge (not shown) installed on the rod-like material 19c, a computer (not shown), and the like. . The rod-shaped member 19c is inserted into the plate-like member 17 at a predetermined angle and is fixed to the plate-like member 17 or pin-joined. The strain gauge (not shown) is installed at a position where the deflection of the rod-shaped material 19c can be detected.

  The measuring device 20b and the measuring device 20c shown in FIG. 3 rotate and move in the chamber 9 filled with excavated sediment with the rotation of the cutter 3, and the rod-shaped material 19 (rod-shaped material 19c) due to the force received from the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 Deflection (displacement or deformation) is measured by a strain gauge (not shown), and the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 are grasped by a computer (not shown) or the like based on the measured value.

  Even when the measuring apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 is used, the deflection of the rod-shaped material is measured using a strain gauge attached to the rod-shaped material connected to the cutter 3 as in the first and second embodiments. Thus, the properties of the excavated soil in the chamber 9 can be confirmed in real time. Moreover, since the strain gauge is attached to the rod-shaped material connected to the cutter 3, the properties of the excavated soil in the chamber 9 can be reasonably grasped as compared with the conventional method.

  Further, in FIGS. 1 to 3, the strain of the rod-shaped material is measured using a strain gauge as a sensor, but the displacement or deformation of the rod-shaped material may be measured using a sensor other than the strain gauge. For example, a load cell or the like may be installed at the position of the strain gauge 21 shown in FIG. 1 to measure the displacement of the rod-shaped material.

  In addition, the measuring device may measure values other than the displacement and deformation of the rod-like material due to the force received from the excavated earth and sand to grasp the properties of the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 9.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing the vicinity of a measuring device of another excavator. FIG. 4A shows the vicinity of the measuring device 20d of the excavator 1d. As shown in FIG. 4A, the excavator 1 d has substantially the same configuration as the excavator 1, but a measuring device 20 d is installed instead of the measuring device 20.

  The measuring device 20d is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3, and includes a rod-shaped material 19d protruding into the chamber 9, a load cell 23 installed on the rod-shaped material 19d, a computer (not shown), and the like. The rod-shaped member 19 d is inserted into the plate-like member 17 and is pin-bonded to the plate-like member 17. The load cell 23 is arranged in the cutter 11. The load cell 23 is disposed at a position where the lever cell 19d and the plate-like member 17 serve as a lever, with the connecting portion serving as a fulcrum.

  FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the vicinity of the measuring device 20e of the excavator 1e. As shown in FIG. 4B, the excavator 1e has substantially the same configuration as the excavator 1, but a measuring device 20e is installed instead of the measuring device 20.

  The measuring device 20e is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3, and includes a rod-shaped material 19e protruding into the chamber 9, a pin-type load cell 25 installed on the rod-shaped material 19e, a computer (not shown), and the like. The rod-shaped member 19 e is inserted into the plate-like member 17 and is pin-bonded to the plate-like member 17. The pin type load cell 25 is arranged in the cutter 11. The pin-type load cell 25 is disposed at a position where it acts as a lever with the connecting portion between the rod-shaped member 19e and the plate-like member 17 as a fulcrum.

  The measuring device 20d and the measuring device 20e shown in FIG. 4 rotate and move in the chamber 9 filled with excavated earth and sand with the rotation of the cutter 3, and the bar-like material 19d and bar-like material 19e receive the earth pressure received from the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 9. A force such as water pressure is measured by the load cell 23 and the pin type load cell 25, and the property of the excavated soil in the chamber 9 is grasped by a computer (not shown) or the like based on the measured value.

  In FIG. 4, the load cell 23 and the pin type load cell 25 are used as sensors. However, when measuring the force that the rod-shaped material receives from the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 and grasping the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9, these sensors are used. Instead of this, a sensor for measuring the hydraulic pressure of a cylinder or a pressure sensor may be used. Moreover, when measuring the force which a rod-shaped material receives from the excavation earth and sand in the chamber 9 using the load cell 23 or the pin type load cell 25, the shape and installation position of a rod-shaped material are not restricted to what is shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing the vicinity of the measuring device of another excavator 1f. As shown in FIG. 5, the excavator 1f has substantially the same configuration as the excavator 1d and the excavator 1e shown in FIG. 4, but a measuring device 20f is installed instead of the measuring device 20d and the measuring device 20e.

  The measuring device 20f is connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3 and protrudes into the chamber 9, and a load cell or pin-type load cell (not shown) installed in the rod-like material 19f, a computer (not shown). Etc. The rod-shaped member 19 f is inserted into the cutter pork 5 and the plate-like member 17 and is pin-joined to the plate-like member 17. A load cell or a pin-type load cell (not shown) is disposed in a portion 29 where the bar-shaped material 19f protrudes from the cutter pork 5. The load cell or the pin type load cell is installed at a position where it acts as a lever with the connecting portion of the rod-shaped member 19f and the plate-like member 17 as a fulcrum.

  The measuring device 20f shown in FIG. 5 rotates and moves in the chamber 9 filled with excavated earth and sand as the cutter 3 rotates, and the displacement of the rod-like material 19f due to the force received from the excavated earth and sand in the chamber 9 is a load cell or pin type load cell (see FIG. 5). (Not shown), and the property of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 is grasped by a computer (not shown) or the like based on the measured value.

  Even in the case where a measuring device as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is used, by measuring the force received by the rod-shaped material using a load cell or a pin-type load cell attached to the rod-shaped material connected to the cutter 3, The properties of the excavated soil can be checked in real time. Further, since the load cell or the pin type load cell is attached to the rod-shaped material connected to the cutter 3, the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 can be reasonably grasped as compared with the conventional method.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described. 6 is a sectional view in the axial direction of the excavator 31, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view in the circumferential direction of the excavator 31. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the excavator 31 includes a cutter 3, a skin plate 7, a chamber 9, a mud pipe 33, a mud pipe 35, a measuring device 20, and the like.

  The excavator 31 has substantially the same configuration as that of the excavator 1, but the earthing device 13 is not installed on the partition wall 15, and the mud pipe 33 and the mud pipe 35 are installed, and the measuring device 20. Is different from the excavator 1.

  The mud drain pipe 33 is fixed to the partition wall 15 in the lower half of the excavator 31, and the mud pipe 35 is fixed to the partition wall 15 in the upper half of the excavator 31. The measuring device 20 has the same configuration and method of connecting to the plate-like member 17 as those installed in the excavator 1, but in the excavator 31, the rod-like material 19 of the measuring device 20 is connected to the outer periphery of the plate-like member 17. It is desirable to connect in the vicinity. That is, in the excavator 31, it is desirable to install the measuring device 20 at a position where the distance between the bar 19 and the skin plate 7 is smaller than the distance between the bar 19 and the center of the excavator 31.

  The excavator 31 rotates the cutter 3 in the direction indicated by the arrow B in FIG. 7 and excavates a natural ground using a bit (not shown) attached to the cutter pork 5. The excavator 31 takes the excavated soil that has flowed into the cutter 11 into the chamber 9, mixes it with the muddy water fed from the mud pipe 35 into the chamber 9, and then discharges it using the mud pipe 33.

  When the excavator 31 rotates the cutter 3 to excavate the natural ground, the measuring device 20 connected to the plate-like member 17 of the cutter 3 rotates and moves in the chamber 9 filled with mud 39 and earth and sand 37 (FIG. 7). To do. The strain gauge 21 of the measuring device 20 measures the deflection (displacement or deformation) of the rod-shaped material 19 due to the force received from the muddy water 39 and the earth and sand 37 in the chamber 9. In the measuring device 20, the measurement value measured by the strain gauge 21 is sent to a computer (not shown) or the like, and the property of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 is grasped by the computer (not shown) or the like based on the measurement value.

  In the chamber 9 of the excavator 31, the excavated soil and the muddy water are mixed. However, in the case of sand or gravel ground, when the viscosity of the muddy water becomes low, as shown in FIG. It tends to settle down. If the earth and sand 37 is accumulated in the chamber 9, the resistance when the measuring device 20 is moving in the earth and sand 37 is larger than the resistance when the measuring device 20 is moving in the mud water 39, so that the strain gauge 21 The measured value changes.

  By using the measuring device 20, the accumulation range of the earth and sand 37 can be detected from the relationship between the measurement value obtained by the strain gauge 21 and the rotation angle of the cutter 3. Further, the degree of solidification of the earth and sand 37 can be grasped from the measurement value obtained by the strain gauge 21, and the blockage by the earth and sand 37 in the chamber 9 can be detected.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, by measuring the deflection of the rod-shaped material 19 using the strain gauge 21 attached to the rod-shaped material 19 connected to the cutter 3, the property of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 is measured in real time. It can be confirmed with. In the third embodiment, since the strain gauge 21 is attached to the rod-shaped member 19 connected to the cutter 3, the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 are rationally determined including the presence / absence of sediment 37 and the deposition range. I can grasp.

  In the third embodiment, the shape of the rod-shaped material 19 of the measuring device 20 is not limited to the rod shape. Further, the installation position of the strain gauge 21 of the measuring device 20 may not be the position shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the measuring device is connected to the cutter 3 behind the cutting surface of the cutter 3, and can detect a deflection caused by excavated sediment in the chamber 9 in a member that rotates with the rotation of the cutter 3. Any strain gauge may be used.

  Further, also in the third embodiment, as described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 5 in the first and second embodiments, the oil pressure of the load cell 23, the pin type load cell 25, the cylinder, etc. is measured as a sensor. Other measuring devices using sensors, pressure sensors and the like can be applied. Even when other measuring devices are used, the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 can be reasonably grasped including the presence / absence of the sediment 37 and the accumulation range.

  In the first and second embodiments, a plurality of measuring devices 20 (measuring devices 20a) are installed in the digging machine 1 (digging machine 1a), and in the third embodiment, one measuring device is provided in the digging machine 31. However, the number of measuring devices is not limited to these. The number of installations and installation locations of measuring devices are set according to the type of excavator and the purpose of measurement. For example, in the mud pressure shield machine as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the measuring device is installed so as to pass through a position where the property of the earth and sand in the chamber can be properly grasped. In the muddy water type shield machine as shown in FIG. 6, the measuring device is installed so as to pass through a position where sedimentary sediment may occur in the chamber.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of the excavation machine and measuring device concerning this invention was described referring an accompanying drawing, this invention is not limited to this example. It is obvious for those skilled in the art that various modifications or modifications can be conceived within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and these are naturally within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood that it belongs.

  1 to 3, 6, and 7, a measurement device that measures the displacement and deformation of a rod-like material using a strain gauge or the like to grasp the properties of excavated sediment in the chamber 9 is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. The measurement device that measures the force applied to the rod-shaped material using a load cell or the like and grasps the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 has been described. However, the types of measurement values measured by the sensors and sensors used in the measurement device Not exclusively.

  For example, the measuring device may be configured by a member that is connected to the cutter 3 behind the cutting surface of the cutter 3 and that rotates with the rotation of the cutter 3, a pore water pressure gauge installed on the member, a computer, and the like. . In this case, the water pressure of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 is measured by a pore water pressure gauge to grasp the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9.

  Further, the measuring device may be constituted by a member that is connected to the cutter 3 behind the cutting surface of the cutter 3 and rotates with the rotation of the cutter 3, an RI instrument installed on the member, a computer, and the like. In this case, the density and water content ratio of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9 are measured by the RI instrument to grasp the properties of the excavated sediment in the chamber 9.

  In the first and second embodiments, the mud pressure shield machine is described as an example, and in the third embodiment, the muddy water shield machine is described as an example. It can be applied to other excavators.

Cross section of the axial direction of the excavator 1 Cross section of the axial direction of the excavator 1a Diagram showing the vicinity of the measuring device of another excavator Diagram showing the vicinity of the measuring device of another excavator The figure which shows the measuring device 20f vicinity of the other excavator 1f A sectional view of the excavator 31 in the axial direction Cross section in the circumferential direction of the excavator 31

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 31 ......... Engraving machine 3 ......... Cutter 9 ......... Chamber 11 ......... Inside of cutter 15 ......... Partition wall 17 ......... Plate-like member 19, 19a, 19c, 19d, 19e, 19f ......... Bar-shaped material 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f ......... Measurement device 21, 21a ......... Strain gauge 23 ......... Load cell 25 ......... Pin Type load cell

Claims (3)

  An excavation characterized in that a sensor is provided on a member that is connected to the cutter behind the cutting surface of the cutter and that rotates with the rotation of the cutter, and grasps the property of the earth and sand in the chamber using the measurement value of the sensor. Machine. A member connected to the cutter behind the cutting surface by the cutter, and a member that rotates with the rotation of the cutter;
A sensor installed on the member;
And a means for grasping the property of the earth and sand in the chamber using the measurement value of the sensor.   The measured value is displacement of the member, deformation of the member, force acting on the member, earth pressure of earth and sand in the chamber, water pressure of earth and sand in the chamber, or density and water content of earth and sand in the chamber. The measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the measuring device is a ratio.

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