JP2006233566A - System for evaluating acquired solar radiation energy amount - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system for evaluating an acquired solar radiation energy amount by which it is possible to clearly display a state of summer heat in a closed room having an opening part such as a glass window capable of transmitting solar radiation, and also, it is possible to facilitate verification of a room highly likely to become too hot, for example, by the afternoon sun (sunshine before sunset) in summer. <P>SOLUTION: When the acquired solar radiation energy from the opening part 26 capable of transmitting the solar radiation for each space area of a building is obtained, the propriety of the acquired solar radiation energy amount is discriminated by a discrimination part 16. When it is discriminated by the discrimination part 16 that an accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per prescribed period of time in a space area unit of the building exceeds a prescribed threshold, the display of the space area is displayed on the building drawing of a display part 17 differently from the display of the other space areas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an acquired solar energy that determines the suitability of an acquired solar energy amount per unit time and per unit volume when acquiring acquired solar energy from an opening that can transmit solar radiation for each space region of a building, particularly a house. It relates to a quantity evaluation system.

  Calculate the position of the sun with respect to the opening based on the location (latitude, longitude), direction of the opening, season, and time to build the building. From the calculation result and the information on the sunlight obstruction outside the opening A technique has been proposed in which the position and area of sunshine irradiated to the opening is calculated, the illuminance distribution irradiated through the opening is calculated from the calculation results, and the amount of heat input to the opening surface is calculated. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-008476 A

  However, in the above-described conventional example, it is not possible to judge the suitability of the amount of solar radiation energy acquired for a room having an opening such as a glass window that can transmit solar radiation. For example, in the west in summer (sunlight before sunset) There was a need for a technology that could easily verify rooms that might be too hot.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to clearly display the state of summer heat in a closed room having an opening such as a glass window that can transmit sunlight. It is possible to provide a system for evaluating the amount of solar radiation energy acquired that can easily verify rooms that may become too hot in the summer, for example, the west (sunlight before sunset).

  The first configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention for achieving the above object is that when the acquired solar energy is obtained from an opening through which solar radiation can be transmitted for each space area of a building, the acquired solar energy is obtained. An acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system for determining the suitability of a quantity, which is included in a predetermined spatial region of the building on a summer day extraction means for extracting a summer day and a summer day extracted by the summer day extraction means An acquisition solar energy amount calculating means for calculating an acquired solar energy amount acquired from all openings, and an acquired solar energy amount integration for integrating the acquired solar energy amount over the number of summer days extracted by the summer sun extracting means. And an acquired acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in a unit of the space area of the building integrated by the acquired solar radiation energy amount integrating means is predetermined. A determination unit that determines whether or not the threshold value is greater than or equal to a threshold value, and a space when the determination unit determines that the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in a unit of the space area of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. And display means for specifying and displaying the area.

  Further, a second configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention is the integrated configuration according to the first configuration, wherein the display unit is integrated and acquired per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building by the determination unit. When it is determined that the amount of solar radiation energy is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the display of the spatial region is displayed differently from the display of other spatial regions in the building drawing.

  Moreover, the third configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention is the integrated configuration according to the first configuration, wherein the predetermined threshold value is an integrated acquisition of perceived permissible limits per predetermined time in the space area of the building. It is characterized by the amount of solar radiation energy.

  Further, a fourth configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention is the first configuration, wherein the predetermined threshold is within a space region of the building based on a thermal response characteristic of the building configuration of the building. It is set from the room temperature rise degree.

  Further, in the fifth configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, in the first configuration, the acquired solar radiation energy amount calculation means performs an operation of multiplying by a predetermined additional coefficient in consideration of outside air temperature. It is characterized by.

  Further, the sixth configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention is the above-described first configuration, in which the solar radiation shielding element provided in the surrounding building or the opening that blocks the acquired solar radiation from the opening is used. It has the acquired solar radiation energy amount adjustment means which adjusts the solar radiation energy amount which an opening part surface receives.

  The seventh configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the first configuration, the display means displays on a display screen of a computer.

  Further, the eighth configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention determines whether or not the acquired solar radiation energy amount is appropriate when acquiring solar radiation energy from an opening that can transmit solar radiation for each space area of the building. An acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system, wherein a day when the total solar radiation amount for one day based on weather data is not less than a predetermined value and / or the average temperature for one day based on weather data is not less than a predetermined value is defined as a summer day Summer day extraction means, and on the summer day extracted by the summer day extraction means, an acquisition solar energy amount calculation for calculating an acquisition solar energy amount acquired from all openings included in a predetermined space region of the building Means, an acquired solar energy amount integrating means for integrating the acquired solar energy amount over the number of summer days extracted by the summer sun extracting means, and the acquired solar energy amount integrating means A value obtained by dividing the value by the total sunshine duration, and further determining whether or not the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per space area unit of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold; and Display means for specifying and displaying the spatial region when it is determined that the accumulated amount of solar radiation energy per predetermined time in a unit of the spatial region has exceeded a predetermined threshold value.

  According to the first configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, for example, an extended AMeDAS that processes weather data of AMeDAS (Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System) that is an automatic meteorological observation system installed in about 1300 locations nationwide. By using the weather data, the summer day can be extracted by the summer day extraction means. The summer day referred to here is the total number of days in which the room may become too hot in the summer.

  And the acquired solar radiation energy amount acquired from all the openings contained in the predetermined space area of the building on the summer day extracted by the summer sun extracting unit can be calculated by the acquired solar radiation energy amount calculating unit.

  The acquired solar radiation energy amount integration means can integrate the acquired solar radiation energy amount over the number of summer days extracted by the summer day extraction means.

  Then, the determining means can determine whether or not the integrated acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building integrated by the acquired solar radiation energy amount integrating means is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. The space area unit is a volume obtained by setting the volume of the space area to a predetermined unit volume.

  Then, when it is determined by the determining means that the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the display means can specify and display the space area. .

  This makes it possible to determine the appropriateness of the amount of solar radiation energy acquired per unit time and per unit volume when clearly acquiring solar radiation energy from an opening that can transmit solar radiation for each space area of the building, and clearly display it. I can do it.

  As a result, it is possible to clearly display the summer heat in a space area (room, etc.) having an opening such as a glass window through which solar radiation can be transmitted. A certain space area (room) can be easily verified.

  Further, according to the second configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, the accumulated solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold by the discriminating unit by the display unit. If it is determined that the display of the space area (for example, color) is different from the display of other space areas (for example, color), the space area that may be too hot in summer and the space area that is not Can be easily identified.

  Further, according to the third configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, the predetermined threshold value is set to the cumulative acquired solar energy amount of the permissible sensory limit in units of the space area of the building, so It is possible to specify and display a spatial region that exceeds.

  Moreover, according to the 4th structure of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention, a predetermined threshold value is based on the thermal response characteristic by the building structure (A total of a frame structure, a layer structure, finishing materials, etc.) of a building. Thus, by setting from the room temperature rise in the space area of the building, it is possible to identify and display the space area that exceeds the permissible limit based on the thermal response characteristics of the building structure.

  Further, according to the fifth configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, the acquired solar radiation energy amount calculation means performs an operation that takes into account the outside air temperature by performing a calculation that is multiplied by a predetermined additional coefficient that takes into account the outside air temperature. The amount of solar radiation energy can be calculated.

  Further, according to the sixth configuration of the acquired solar energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, the acquired solar energy amount adjusting means causes the solar radiation shielding element provided in the surrounding building or the opening to block the acquired solar radiation from the opening. It is possible to adjust the amount of solar radiation energy received by the opening surface, and to calculate the amount of solar radiation energy that takes into account the solar radiation shielding elements provided in surrounding buildings and openings that block the solar radiation acquired from the opening. .

  Further, according to the seventh configuration of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, the display can be displayed on a display screen of a computer, and thereby, the solar radiation can be transmitted for each space area of the building. When the acquired solar radiation energy from the opening is obtained, the suitability of the acquired solar energy amount per unit time and per unit volume can be determined and clearly displayed.

  Moreover, according to the 8th structure of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention, the total amount of solar radiation for 1 day by a weather data is more than predetermined value, and / or the average temperature for 1 day by a weather data is predetermined. A day that is greater than or equal to the value can be regarded as a summer day, and the total amount of solar radiation acquired per hour obtained by dividing the amount of solar radiation acquired by the summer solar energy amount added by the means for calculating the amount of solar radiation acquired by the total number of sunshine hours in the summer It can be the amount of energy. The total number of sunshine hours is the number of hours that the sun has left the horizon over the number of summer days, that is, the number of hours when the solar altitude is greater than zero.

  An embodiment of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a control system of an acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are graphs showing examples of extended AMeDAS weather data, and FIG. 4 is a diagram according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a state of evaluating whether there is a possibility that the summer space is too hot in the space area of the building by the acquired solar energy amount evaluation system, FIG. 5 is a floor plan of the building by the acquired solar energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the direction in which the building is installed is set by the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a space area to be evaluated is selected. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing how to set an AMeDAS region, and FIGS. 9 to 14 show examples of images displayed by the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the thermal response characteristics of the building structure of the building.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an acquisition from the opening 26 in a state where it is shut off so that there is no ventilation at the opening 26 of a glass window or the like that can transmit sunlight for each space area of the building (room, part of a room, etc.) This is an acquired solar energy evaluation system that determines the suitability of the amount of solar energy acquired per unit time and per unit volume when solar energy is obtained. Solar radiation, outside temperature, etc. in areas where buildings such as buildings are built The Amedas (Automated Meteorological Dataa Acquisition System), which is an unmanned automatic meteorological observation device, can use extended Amedas meteorological data.

  Expanded AMeDAS weather data was created by the Architectural Institute of Japan. It is the enhanced weather data. The contents include 15-year data from 1981 to 1995 with hourly values of air temperature, absolute humidity, horizontal solar radiation, atmospheric radiation, wind direction, wind speed, precipitation, and sunshine hours at 842 locations throughout Japan. Includes standard year data. Standard year data is hypothetical one-year meteorological data obtained by selecting and joining the average year (month) for each month from the 15-year meteorological data. Is. In this embodiment, the temperature in the standard year and the horizontal solar radiation amount are used.

Expanded AMeDAS meteorological data are: hourly temperature in units of 0.1 ° C, average daily temperature in units of 0.1 ° C, horizontal solar radiation over an hour in units of 0.01 MJ / m ² h, 0 .1MJ / m ² d The integrated value for 1 day is included. FIG. 2 shows an annual average temperature in Tokyo as an example of extended AMeDAS weather data, and FIG. 3 shows an average temperature in July-September of Tokyo and an integrated daily solar radiation amount as an example of extended AMeDAS weather data. These expanded AMeDAS meteorological data are stored in an extended AMeDAS weather information database (hereinafter referred to as “EXTENDED AMEDAS MEATHER INFORMATION DB”) 2 provided in the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system 1.

  The solar position calculation unit 3 is provided in the calculation device 27 provided in the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system 1. The sun position calculation unit 3 calculates the position of the target building on the earth (latitude, longitude, address, etc.), the sun position corresponding to the season and time.

  When the position on the earth, season, and time are specified, the position of the sun corresponding to each specified condition is uniquely determined. The position of the sun is the solar altitude (h °; the angle between a line connecting a specific point on the ground and the sun and the horizontal line at that point) and the azimuth of the sun (A °; This is specified by the angle from the meridian with the time being 0 °, and the west direction is positive and the east direction is negative), and can be calculated by the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]
sin (h) = sin (φ) · sin (δ) + cos (φ) · cos (δ) · cos (t)
sin (A) = cos (δ) · sin (t) · sec (h)
Where h: solar altitude (°), φ: destination latitude (°), δ: sun declination (°), summer solstice δ = 2.45, spring / autumn δ = 0, winter solstice δ = -23.45, t; Hour angle (°), hour angle A at true sun with 15 ° for one hour; azimuth angle (°) of the sun.

  The sun position calculation unit 3 stores a program for solving the above equation 1 and a trigonometric function table. From the input unit 4, as shown in FIG. 6, the latitude, longitude, season and destination of the destination where the building to be evaluated is constructed are stored. When information such as time is input, the information is temporarily stored in the temporary storage device 5, and when the execution of the program is instructed, the position of the sun corresponding to the conditions specified by the sun position calculation unit 3 is calculated. Is possible. The calculated result can be stored or temporarily stored in the temporary storage device 5.

  Then, the opening 26 surface orientation (α) that is the azimuth of the normal direction of the opening 26 surface of the building at a point having a specific latitude and longitude, and the opening 26 surface that is the inclination angle of the opening 26 surface By setting the inclination angle (θ), it is possible to calculate the opening 26 surface intersection angle (hw), which is an angle formed by the surface of the opening portion 26 and the sun, by the following equation (2).

[Equation 2]
sin (hw) = sin (h) · cos (θ) + cos (h) · sin (θ) · cos (A−α)

  And when the opening part 26 surface crossing angle hw exceeds 90 degrees, the solar radiation will not hit the object opening part 26 surface.

  Here, the surface of the opening 26 is divided as a virtual panel having, for example, a 20 cm square as a unit cell space region. When a straight line is drawn between the virtual panel and the sun, it can be determined that the virtual panel is exposed to solar radiation unless an obstacle such as a neighbor or a fence enters the straight line. Then, the amount of solar radiation energy acquired from the opening 26 is calculated by summing the amount of solar radiation to the virtual panel that receives the solar radiation. The size of the virtual panel can be set as appropriate.

  Specifically, it is judged whether or not solar radiation is given from the vector product of the direction vector of direct solar radiation from the sun and the normal vector in the direction of the outside of the building on the 26th surface of the opening. It is possible to calculate what angle the solar radiation has with respect to the surface of the opening 26, and to take into consideration the effect of the projected area, the transmission characteristics of the glass, and the effect of the solar radiation shielding means. Since the size of the opening 26 is not uniform and there is a height difference, the simplicity and accuracy of solar radiation calculation can be realized by treating the surface of the opening 26 as a virtual panel divided into a plurality of parts.

  Here, the direct solar radiation amount is the sunlight directly irradiated from the sun, and the horizontal total solar radiation amount based on the extended AMeDAS weather data is represented by the sum of the direct solar radiation amount and the diffuse solar radiation amount. The diffuse solar radiation amount is an amount of solar radiation that is indirectly detected as a result of reflection of solar radiation to the surroundings and recognized diffusely without having a specific direction.

  In this embodiment, hourly extended AMeDAS weather data is used. For example, in order to inspect sunlight such as the western sun, direct calculation is only for direct solar radiation in the horizontal solar radiation. Yes.

  When separating horizontal solar radiation into direct and diffuse solar radiation, the direct-scattering separation method is known, which includes the Nagata model, Udagawa model, Erbs model, Watanabe model, Each model is known, such as the Perez model. In this embodiment, the Watanabe model is adopted and the horizontal solar radiation amount is separated into direct solar radiation amount and diffuse solar radiation amount as extended AMeDAS weather data, and the direct solar radiation amount is adopted to obtain the amount of solar radiation energy acquired from the opening 26. It is an example calculated. In order to increase the accuracy, the amount of solar radiation acquired from the opening 26 can be calculated by adding the amount of diffuse solar radiation to the amount of direct solar radiation.

  The floor plan creation unit 8 provided in the computing device 27 of the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system 1 creates floor plans of the buildings shown in FIGS. 5 to 14, that is, homes. 9) (referred to as “floor plan DB”) can be appropriately selected and referred to, and a new floor plan that has been referred to and updated can be stored in the floor plan DB 9. In addition, the system has a function of selecting a room or a partial space area of the one room where the acquired solar energy amount is displayed by the acquired solar energy amount evaluation system 1 from the created floor plan. In addition, the unit area and the number of the divided panels of the opening 26 surface can be set as appropriate.

  The peripheral building information creation unit 12 creates a peripheral information map related to solar radiation obstacles such as neighboring neighbors and standing trees of the building to be constructed, and is a peripheral building information database (hereinafter referred to as “peripheral building information DB”). It can also be created with reference to 13.

  The latitude and longitude of the building to be constructed using the azimuth setting screen 10 shown in FIG. 6 and the angle in the normal direction toward the outside of the opening 26 when true north is 0 ° are input, and the sun described above On the outside of the opening 26 created by the surrounding building information creation unit 12 on a straight line connecting the position of the sun calculated by the position calculation unit 3 and the position of each virtual panel divided into a plurality of openings 26. There is an acquisition of solar radiation, asking whether there is solar radiation acquired on each virtual panel of the opening 26 based on the condition whether there are solar radiation obstacles such as walls, standing trees or standing trees that exist By summing the solar radiation amount of the virtual panel, the amount of solar radiation energy acquired from the opening 26 can be calculated.

  Then, the acquired solar energy amount from each opening 26 is acquired by the acquired solar energy amount acquisition unit 28 serving as an acquired solar energy amount acquisition unit for each unit of the opening 26 and for each unit time.

  Here, one day of horizontal global solar radiation by the weather data acquired by the acquired solar radiation energy acquisition unit 28 by the summer sun extraction unit 14 serving as a summer sun extraction means and stored in the extended AMeDAS weather information DB 2 is stored. The day when the amount is equal to or greater than the predetermined value or the average temperature for one day based on the weather data is equal to or greater than the predetermined value is extracted as the summer day 15, and the number of target days for summer day 15 is calculated.

  This is to verify whether there is excessive solar radiation acquisition in the summer. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which a day when the horizontal solar radiation amount for one day is equal to or greater than a predetermined value and the average temperature for one day is equal to or greater than a predetermined value is extracted as a summer day 15. The day when the horizontal solar radiation amount is greater than or equal to a predetermined value or the average temperature for one day is greater than or equal to the predetermined value can be set as the summer day 15. The extended AMeDAS weather information includes statistical data of the average daily temperature in units of 0.1 ° C, and this data can be used.

For example, the determination reference value for the horizontal solar radiation amount for one day is 14 MJ / m ² d, the determination reference value for the average temperature for one day is 25 ° C., and the horizontal solar radiation amount for one day is 14 MJ / m. The day when the average temperature of m ² d or more and the average temperature for one day is 25 ° C. or more is set as summer day 15, or the amount of horizontal solar radiation for one day is 14 MJ / m ² d or more or for one day The day when the average temperature is 25 ° C. or higher can be set as summer day 15. The conditions for summer day 15 can be set to various other conditions. For example, the minimum daily temperature is 25 ° C or higher, the nighttime minimum temperature is 25 ° C or higher, and the direct solar radiation for one day is 7MJ. It is also possible to extract the summer day 15 by appropriately setting a predetermined numerical value under each of these conditions such as / m ² d or more and further combining them appropriately.

  When verifying excessive solar radiation acquisition, it is effective to set the summer day 15 because the entire average image becomes ambiguous if data on days with little solar radiation and cloudy days are included. In addition, when the number of summer days 15 is small, even if the summer day 15 in which the climate is relatively cold and the tentative inspection shows a large value, the solar radiation mitigation treatment may not always be advantageous until the cost is increased. As a criterion for the determination, the target number of days of summer day 15 is calculated. That is, excessive correspondence can be prevented.

For example, in FIG. 3, 15 indicates a summer day 15 when the average temperature for one day is 25 ° C. or more and the horizontal solar radiation amount for one day is 14 MJ / m ² d or more. The reason why the horizontal solar radiation amount was set to 14 MJ / m ² d or more was confirmed in the steel-based ALC (lightweight aerated concrete) building by the relationship between the change in the amount of solar radiation and the room temperature responding to it. is there.

  Also, during a predetermined period of time by the weather data acquired by the acquired solar radiation energy amount acquisition unit 28 as the acquired solar radiation energy amount acquisition means by the winter day extraction unit 19 as winter day extraction means, and stored and stored in the extended AMeDAS weather information DB 2 Is extracted as a winter day, and the number of days covered by the winter day is calculated. In winter, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the amount of acquired solar radiation energy for three months from December to February when the annual average temperature is lowered is integrated. The purpose is to calculate how much solar radiation is obtained in winter.

  The acquired solar radiation energy amount calculation unit 20 serving as the acquired solar radiation energy amount calculation means is the acquired solar radiation acquired from all the openings 26 included in a predetermined space area of the building on the summer day 15 extracted by the summer day extraction unit 14. Calculate the amount of energy.

  Moreover, the acquired solar radiation energy amount calculation unit 20 performs a calculation by multiplying by a predetermined premium coefficient considering the outside air temperature. In general, in the case of a room having an opening 26 on the west surface, the room temperature becomes high even if the amount of solar radiation energy acquired is the same as that of the room having the opening 26 on the east surface. This is because the room with the opening 26 on the west surface has a peak in the amount of solar radiation energy acquired after the afternoon when the outside air temperature is high.

  Therefore, in order to properly evaluate the room with the opening 26 on the west surface where the room temperature becomes high even with the same amount of acquired solar radiation energy, the acquired solar radiation energy is multiplied by a predetermined additional factor that takes into account the outside air temperature. To correct. For example, when the outside air temperature is 25 ° C. or higher, the value obtained by dividing the outside air temperature (° C.) by 25 ° C. is used as an additional coefficient, and acquired from all the openings 26 included in a predetermined space area of the building. Multiplying the amount of solar radiation energy, it is possible to obtain a corrected acquired solar radiation energy amount that incorporates the effect of outside temperature. The criterion for weighting 25 ° C. is an example based on a so-called tropical night where the lowest daily temperature is 25 ° C. or higher.

  Further, the acquired solar radiation energy amount adjusting unit 29 serving as an acquired solar energy amount adjusting means makes the surface of the opening portion 26 by a peripheral building that blocks the acquired solar radiation from the opening portion 26 or various solar shielding elements provided in the opening portion 26. The amount of solar radiation energy received can be adjusted.

  The solar shading function information of various solar shading elements provided in the opening 26 is stored and stored in the solar shading function information database (hereinafter referred to as “sunlight shielding function information DB”) 25, and the obtained solar energy amount adjustment The unit 29 corrects the effect of the solar shading element by multiplying the acquired solar energy amount acquired from the opening 26 by a predetermined coefficient from the solar shading function information of various solar shading elements stored in the solar shading function information DB 25. It can be the amount of solar radiation energy acquired.

  Generally, when the amount of external solar radiation is the same, the amount of solar radiation acquired from the opening 26 on the south surface is smaller than the amount of solar radiation energy acquired from the opening 26 on the east surface. This is because the solar radiation transmittance of the glass provided in the opening 26 varies depending on the incident angle of the sun.

  For example, the solar radiation transmittance of glass is substantially constant when the incident angle of solar radiation is from 0 degrees to 60 degrees, but rapidly decreases when the incident angle of solar radiation exceeds 60 degrees, and the incident angle of solar radiation is 90 degrees. , The solar radiation transmittance becomes zero because of total reflection on the glass surface. Therefore, by multiplying the constant solar radiation transmittance in the range of 0 to 60 degrees of various glasses by a correction factor corresponding to a predetermined angle in the range of the incident angle of solar radiation of 60 to 90 degrees, It can be set as a corrected acquired solar radiation energy amount that takes into account the solar radiation transmission effect of the glass corresponding to the incident angle of solar radiation.

  An acquired solar energy amount integrating unit 11 serving as an acquired solar energy amount integrating unit integrates the acquired solar energy amount over the 15 days of the summer day extracted by the summer day extracting unit 14. That is, the acquired solar energy amount integrating unit 11 is acquired by the acquired solar energy amount acquiring unit 28 which is an acquired solar energy amount acquiring means for acquiring the acquired solar energy amount from the opening 26 for each unit of the opening 26 and for each unit time. Then, the acquired solar radiation energy amount of summer day 15 stored in the extended AMeDAS weather information DB 2 is integrated.

  The discriminating unit 16 serving as a discriminating unit discriminates whether or not the cumulative acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the building space area unit integrated by the acquired solar radiation energy amount integrating unit 11 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value.

  The predetermined threshold value is set to the accumulated solar radiation energy amount of the permissible limit in units of the space area of the building, and more specifically, based on the thermal response characteristics according to the building configuration of the building. It can be set from about room temperature rise temperature.

  That is, referring to FIG. 15, the heat balance based on the thermal response characteristics of the building structure is as shown in the following equation (3).

[Equation 3]
Q + q + q _S = T _R C _R + T _K C _K + L

Here, I want to know directly is a T _R that the temperature felt by the people. However, there is a relationship as shown in the above equation (3). In reality, the room is not thermally simple, and heat transfer always occurs, so it cannot be easily known.

  As an example that is easy to understand due to the complexity of heat transfer, because walls and chambers have heat capacity, temperature changes do not occur instantaneously but are given as a result of heat transfer. As an example, the room temperature changes according to the change in the outside air temperature without special air conditioning, but it does not coincide with the outside air temperature but represents a different room temperature.

  On the other hand, the gradual change of the heat can be understood by the fact that the diffuse solar radiation and the response of the outside air temperature are once buffered and transmitted as compared to the room temperature change. This buffering can be understood by assuming that the portion surrounding the space area inside the room is buffering against room temperature. This also leads to the assumption that the heat transfer through the outer wall is performed with the wall portion as a buffer, so that it becomes a fairly uniform influence for the indoor portion.

  Here, assuming a room E (room on the east side) and a room W (room on the west side) in which only the direct solar radiation effect is different, the following equation (4) is obtained.

[Equation 4]
_{Q E + q E + q SE} = T RE C RE + T KE C KE + L E
Q _W + q _W + q _SW = T _RW C _RW + T _KW C _KW + L _W

As heat transfer through the outer wall is averaged, ie q _E = q _W , q _SE = q _SW , L _E = L _W and the thermal response characteristics of the room should be the same, C _RE = Since C _RW and C _KE = C _KW , the following equation 5 is obtained.

[Equation 5]
_{Q E -Q W = C R (} T RE -T RW) + C K (T KE -T KW)

In this way, environmental variables can be eliminated. However, it is not possible to uniquely determine the heat capacity of the room from the existence of the heat capacity of the walls. The temperature distribution due to the presence of the heat capacity, heat transfer is not possible to uniquely relate room temperature T _R and the wall temperature T _K from occur. However, assuming that they are connected through a coefficient as a temporary approximation, the following equation 6 is obtained.

[Equation 6]
_{Q E -Q W = C 'R} (T RE -T RW)
C ′ _R : Apparent chamber heat capacity

C _'R in the presence and influence of the heat transfer C _K not constant values, as the coefficients describing the apparent change in which it inferred from the measured at meaningful. This relational expression shows the relationship between the amount of heat supplied by direct solar radiation and the room temperature. However, if the relationship between the amount of heat supplied and the change in room temperature, which is influenced by the amount of heat supplied by the outside air temperature, is estimated, the following equation (7) is obtained. .

[Equation 7]
Q + q _S = C ″ _R T

  In the above formula 7, for example, every hour, by adding some correction to Q, as described above, it is possible to find a possibility of adopting a format that incorporates the effect of the outside air temperature. The influence of the amount of heat supplied by the outside air temperature is also based on solar heat, and there is no contradiction that the two are correlated.

That is, when Q + q _S is obtained by correcting Q, Q × (T _S ° C./25° C.) (where T _S is 25 ° C. or more, it is a value obtained by dividing T _S ° C. by 25 ° C.). T _S can be and not) is weighted if lower than 25 ℃. This is referred to as an additional factor that takes into account the outside temperature. In this case, 25 ° C. was used as an example of a standard for a so-called tropical night (minimum daily temperature is 25 ° C. or more). In addition, corrections can be made in consideration of the so-called effect of the western sun that the sun shines on. In addition, for such correction, for example, by calculating the amount of acquired solar radiation energy every hour, it is possible to take into account the influence when the outside air temperature changes. In addition, although it was 25 degreeC or more here, in the place where weather conditions differ, you may consider other humidity, for example, considering humidity.

Here, as an example of obtaining the thermal response characteristics, an east chamber with the opening 26 facing the east and the west chamber with the opening 26 facing the west, which are set to the same external conditions, are installed. It can be calculated from the temperature difference between the room and the west room and the difference in the amount of solar radiation energy acquired from each opening 26. That is, the indoor temperature difference day of both chambers, because the external conditions are considered to be due to the difference in acquisition solar energy from simply opening 26 because they are the same, per unit time Delta] Q / [Delta] T _R the thermal response characteristics (heat capacity Equivalent to).

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 14, the display screen of the computer serving as the display means, that is, the display unit 17, has the accumulated solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building by the determination unit 16. When it is determined that the predetermined threshold value is exceeded, the spatial area is specified and displayed in the spatial area on the building drawing. In the present embodiment, when the determination unit 16 determines that the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in a unit of the space area of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, the color of the space area is changed to that of another space area. An example displayed differently from the color is shown.

Next, the manner in which the building is verified in the summer by the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system 1 will be described with reference to FIG. First, in step _{S 1,} to create a floor plan. In step S _2, with reference to the floor plan samples stored in the floor plan DB9 by Floor creation unit 8, as shown in FIG. 5, CAD; performs floor plans input by (Computer Aided Design design drawing by a computer) .

  At this time, the surrounding building information creation unit 12 inputs the surrounding building information. The surrounding building information stored in the surrounding building information DB 13 can also be referred to.

In step S _3, by using the orientation setting screen 10 shown in FIG. 6 to enter the building location. As building location information, the latitude and longitude of the building can be input, or the address of the building can be input. The solar position calculation unit 3 obtains the solar altitude and the solar azimuth from the building position information (latitude, longitude) and the date and time, and sets the direction angle and altitude of direct solar radiation.

In step S _4, enter the spatial region to be evaluated. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the verification space area can be selected by designating a room to be verified or a partial space area in the studio.

In step S _5, to specify a reference point AMeDAS weather data. The pop-up menu shown in FIG. 8 is clicked, and the AMeDAS observation point that is the weather condition closest to the installation location of the building is selected using the AMeDAS region setting screen 18.

In step S _6, it executes the acquisition solar stain Yu configuration by clicking the calculation button 18a of AMEDAS region setting screen 18. The acquired solar radiation energy amount acquisition unit 28 extracts data of the inspection target period from the weather data stored in the extended AMeDAS weather information DB 2. At this time, the summer average 15 where the daily average temperature is 25 ° C or higher and the horizontal solar radiation amount per day is 14 MJ / m ² d or higher is extracted, and the annual average temperature decreases from December Three months in February are extracted as winter days.

  The amount of solar radiation energy acquired from the initial time to the final time of the inspection period on summer days 15 and winter days is calculated and accumulated. Total accumulated solar radiation energy per hour divided by the total number of hours of sunshine in summer and winter on each summer opening and winter in each opening 26 at the time of the final time They are displayed together (see FIGS. 9, 11, and 13).

In step S ₇ , the discriminating unit 16 divides the accumulated solar radiation energy amount accumulated in summer in the unit of the spatial area of the building accumulated by the obtained solar radiation energy amount accumulating unit 11 by the total number of sunshine hours on the summer day 15. cumulative acquisition solar energy per it is determined whether it is above a predetermined threshold value, if equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, in step S _8, to color the floor of the space region, for example, in light red.

  In this embodiment, the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy per hour obtained by dividing the accumulated amount of solar radiation energy accumulated in summer per tatami of the space area (assuming the ceiling height is 2.4 m) by the total number of sunshine hours on summer day 15. When the amount is 70 KJ / 1 tatami, the ceiling height is 2.4 m, and 1 hour or more, the floor surface of the space area is colored light red. The predetermined threshold of this embodiment is set to 70 KJ / 1 tatami, ceiling height 2.4 m, 1 hour, based on a questionnaire survey of the permissible limit of sensation in an actual building and an actually acquired amount of solar radiation energy. Is.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 show that the rooms 6 and 7 which are the space areas of the building are displayed on the summer day 15 at a threshold of 70 KJ / tatami or more and the floors of the rooms 6 and 7 are colored light red. It is an example. In FIGS. 9 to 14, the unit of the accumulated solar radiation energy amount is KJ / tatami in the center of the rooms 6 and 7, but this is a display for the convenience of the customer and the ceiling height is 2.4 m · 1 hour is omitted. To be precise, it is KJ / 1 tatami, ceiling height 2.4m, 1 hour.

  The amount of acquired solar radiation energy refers to the amount of energy supplied to a space area such as a room after passing through the opening 26, and even in the case where no special solar shielding element is used, the space area closed by the opening 26 The amount of acquired solar radiation energy supplied through the normal opening 26 is calculated. Even when various solar shading elements are used, the space area being inspected is not open, and is present in the opening 26 in some form to partially shield solar radiation.

  9 and 10 show the opening 26 made of low radiation pair glass without providing any special solar radiation shielding element in the opening 26. In the present embodiment, the floor surfaces of the rooms 6 and 7 are displayed in a light red color. In addition, the amount of solar radiation energy acquired in summer and winter from each opening 26 included in each of the rooms 6 and 7 is displayed for each opening 26 in a bar graph, and a plurality of items are displayed in one space area (for example, one room). In the case of having the openings 26, the acquired solar radiation energy amounts in the summer and winter seasons of the respective openings 26 are added by the acquired solar energy amount calculation unit 20, and the acquired solar radiation 15 and winter day solar radiation added to each are added. The amount of energy is displayed together in each space area (room) as the amount of solar radiation energy acquired in summer and winter.

  The acquired solar radiation energy amounts in the summer and winter seasons shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are obtained by calculating the accumulated solar radiation energy amounts in the summer day 15 and winter days accumulated by the acquired solar energy amount integrating unit 11 in the summer day. The amount of solar radiation energy acquired per hour divided by the total number of sunshine hours for each of 15 and winter days.

  One bar graph representing the amount of solar radiation energy acquired in summer and winter is created for each specific opening 26 and connected by a lead line. In addition, the initial position of the graph is displayed on the line connecting the center of gravity of the entire building and the center of each opening 26 at a position that is moderately separated from the building, and can be moved by dragging on the screen, if necessary It can be erased.

  Compared with the opening 26 surface that is simply open, with nothing in the opening 26, the ceiling height is 2.4 m · 1 hour, and only the opening 26 made of low radiation pair glass has a solar radiation shielding rate of 35%. . That is, the solar radiation is transmitted by 65%.

In step S _8, since the floor of the room 6 is colored in pale red, in step S _9, perform solar radiation measures by solar radiation shielding element. FIGS. 11 and 12 show an example of a case where a fixed solar shading member 21 is attached to an opening 26 made of low radiation pair glass in the room 6 as an example of the solar shading element.

  Next, returning to the step S6, an acquired solar radiation simulation is executed, and the accumulated solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building integrated by the acquired solar energy amount integrating unit 11 is determined by the determining unit 16. It is determined whether or not the threshold is exceeded.

  11 and 12, the room 6 is obtained by integrating the fixed solar radiation shielding member 21 in the opening 26, and is obtained by integrating the obtained solar radiation energy amount accumulating unit 11 in units of space area of the building. The amount of solar radiation energy becomes smaller than 70 KJ / 1 tatami, 2.4 m, 1 hour, which is the threshold, and the floor surface is changed to white.

  At the same time, the acquired solar radiation energy amounts in the summer and winter are displayed in the opening 26 as a bar graph as in FIG. Because the solar radiation is 65% transmitted through the opening 26 of the low radiation pair glass and the solar radiation is further transmitted 65% by the fixed solar shielding member 21, the total is 42.3% (65% × 65% = 42.3%). Sunlight penetrates. That is, the solar radiation shielding rate is 58%.

In step S _8, since the floor of the room 7 is colored in pale red, in step S _9, again, perform solar radiation measures by solar radiation shielding element. FIGS. 13 and 14 show an example in which a fixed solar shading member 21 is attached to the opening 26 of the room 7 as an example of the solar shading element.

  Next, returning to the step S6, an acquired solar radiation simulation is executed, and the accumulated solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building integrated by the acquired solar energy amount integrating unit 11 is determined by the determining unit 16. It is determined whether or not the threshold is exceeded.

  13 and 14, the fixed solar radiation shielding member 21 is attached to the opening 26 in the room 7 as well, and the cumulative acquisition per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building accumulated by the solar radiation energy accumulation unit 11 is obtained. The amount of solar radiation energy is smaller than 70 KJ / tatami, which is a threshold value, and the floor surface is changed to white.

  At the same time, the acquired solar radiation energy amounts in the summer and winter are displayed in the opening 26 as a bar graph in the same manner as in FIGS.

  The solar shading function information such as the fixed solar shading member 21, the heat shielding glass, and the movable solar shading member is stored and stored in a solar shading function information database (hereinafter referred to as "sunlight shielding function information DB") 25. In addition, the solar radiation shielding rate is used when the acquired solar radiation energy amount accumulating unit 11 accumulates the acquired solar radiation energy amounts on summer days 15 and winter days.

  The tsubo 24 and surrounding buildings move from moment to moment by calculating the sun position corresponding to the position of the target building on the earth (latitude, longitude, address, etc.), season and time by the sun position calculator 3. Neighbors and attachments 24 that exist outside the opening 26 created by the surrounding building information creation unit 12 on a straight line connecting the position of the sun and the position of each virtual panel divided into a plurality of openings 26. Or whether there is solar radiation acquired in each virtual panel of the opening 26 based on the condition whether or not there is a structural flaw, and by summing the amount of solar radiation to the virtual panel with acquired solar radiation The amount of solar radiation energy acquired from the opening 26 is calculated.

  For example, when a movable solar radiation shielding member is used, the amount of solar radiation acquired in summer is reduced, but the amount of solar radiation acquired in winter does not change. On the other hand, the fixed solar shading member 21 and the heat shielding glass reduce the amount of solar radiation energy acquired in summer and winter to approximately the same level.

  It can also be seen that if the attachment rod 24 can be adjusted as appropriate, the amount of solar radiation acquired in summer can be shielded more than the amount of solar energy acquired in winter. Moreover, it turns out that the influence of an adjacent building will influence the reduction of the acquired solar radiation energy amount in winter more than the reduction of the acquired solar radiation energy amount in the summer.

  Because each solar shading element has the above-mentioned characteristics, if the solar radiation shielding element is applied to the dark clouds just because the amount of solar radiation acquired is large, the amount of solar radiation acquired in the winter will decrease and it will be desirable to incorporate more in the winter. The amount of solar radiation energy acquired cannot be used effectively. For this reason, the preparation of various solar shading elements to control the amount of solar radiation obtained while utilizing the characteristics of each solar shading element, and the evaluation of the amount of solar radiation energy acquired in the summer and winter at the same time to display the characteristics are displayed simultaneously. It is essential.

  Further, the effect of the spider 24 and the influence of surrounding buildings vary depending on the arrangement and dimensions thereof and the kind of opening in which direction the building itself has in which direction. In general, the spider 24 is known to be effective in shielding the south-facing solar radiation in the summer. For example, if the opening 26 faces 30 ° from the south, It is not easy to judge whether it has a shielding effect. Therefore, simple studies are possible only after the above-described acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system 1 is constructed.

In step S _7, the process ends when the cumulative acquisition solar energy amount of each room is smaller than the threshold value.

  In addition, this invention can be used for the space which requires the solar radiation acquisition energy evaluation of a room unit, such as a housing | casing house, a dormitory, a school, a nursing home, a nursery school, a hotel or an inn, such as a house.

  As an example of use of the present invention, acquired solar radiation energy for determining the suitability of the acquired solar energy amount per unit time and per unit volume when acquiring solar radiation energy from an opening that can transmit solar radiation for each space area of a building It can be applied to a quantity evaluation system and can be applied to other than buildings.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control system of the acquisition solar radiation energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the weather data of extended AMeDAS in a graph. It is a figure which shows an example of the weather data of extended AMeDAS in a graph. It is a flowchart which shows a mode that the thermal environment in a building room is evaluated with the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that the floor plan of the building was created with the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that the azimuth | direction where the building was installed by the acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention is set. It is a figure which shows a mode that the space area | region to evaluate was selected. It is a figure which shows a mode that the area of AMeDAS is set. It is a figure which shows an example of the image displayed by the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the image displayed by the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the image displayed by the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the image displayed by the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the image displayed by the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the image displayed by the acquisition solar energy amount evaluation system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the thermal response characteristic by the building composition of a building.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Acquired solar radiation energy evaluation system 2 ... Extended AMeDAS weather information DB
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Solar position calculating part 4 ... Input part 5 ... Temporary storage device 6,7 ... Room 8 ... Floor plan creation part 9 ... Floor plan DB
10… Direction setting screen
11 ... Acquired solar radiation energy integration part
12… Neighboring building information creation department
13 ... Surrounding building information DB
14 ... Summer day extraction section
15 ... Summer
16: Discriminator
17 ... Display section
18… Amedas area setting screen
18a ... Calculation execution button
19… Winter day extractor
20… Acquired solar radiation energy calculation part
21 ... Fixed solar shading member
24 ...
25 ... Solar radiation shielding function information DB
26… Opening
27: Arithmetic unit
28 ... Acquired solar energy acquisition part
29 ... Acquired solar radiation energy adjustment part

Claims (8)

An acquired solar energy amount evaluation system that determines the suitability of an acquired solar energy amount when obtaining solar radiation energy from an opening that can transmit solar radiation for each space area of a building,
Summer day extraction means for extracting summer days;
On the summer day extracted by the summer day extraction means, acquired solar radiation energy amount calculating means for calculating the acquired solar radiation energy amount acquired from all the openings included in the predetermined space region of the building;
An acquisition solar energy amount integrating means for integrating the acquired solar energy amount over the number of summer days extracted by the summer day extraction means;
A discriminating unit for discriminating whether or not the cumulative acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building integrated by the acquired solar radiation energy amount integrating unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
Display means for specifying and displaying the spatial area when it is determined by the determining means that the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
An acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system characterized by comprising: When the display unit determines that the accumulated solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in a unit of the space area of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the display unit displays a display of the space region in the building drawing. The acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the display is different from the display of the spatial region. The acquired solar energy amount evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is set to an integrated acquired solar energy amount of a permissible limit per predetermined time in a space area unit of the building. The acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold is set based on a rise in room temperature in a space area of the building based on a thermal response characteristic of the building configuration of the building. The acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the acquired solar radiation energy amount calculation means performs a calculation by multiplying a predetermined premium coefficient in consideration of an outside air temperature. The solar radiation energy amount adjusting means for adjusting the amount of solar radiation energy received by a surrounding building that blocks the solar radiation acquired from the opening, or the surface of the opening received by a solar radiation shielding element provided in the opening. Item 2. The acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to Item 1. The acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system according to claim 1, wherein the display means displays on a display screen of a computer. An acquired solar energy amount evaluation system that determines the suitability of an acquired solar energy amount when obtaining solar radiation energy from an opening that can transmit solar radiation for each space area of a building,
A summer day extraction means for setting a day when the global solar radiation amount for one day based on weather data is a predetermined value or more and / or a day when the average temperature for one day based on weather data is a predetermined value or more;
On the summer day extracted by the summer day extraction means, acquired solar radiation energy amount calculating means for calculating the acquired solar radiation energy amount acquired from all the openings included in the predetermined space region of the building;
An acquisition solar energy amount integrating means for integrating the acquired solar energy amount over the number of summer days extracted by the summer day extraction means;
A determining unit that divides the value integrated by the acquired solar radiation energy integrating unit by the total sunshine duration and further determines whether or not the integrated acquired solar energy amount per space area unit of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value;
Display means for specifying and displaying the spatial area when it is determined by the determining means that the accumulated acquired solar radiation energy amount per predetermined time in the space area unit of the building is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold;
An acquired solar radiation energy amount evaluation system characterized by comprising: